I should like to thank you for your kind letter dated 25 September 1999.

Transcription

1 THE SECRETARY-GENERAL 1 November 1999 Your Excellency, should like to thank you for your kind letter dated 25 September attach great importance to promoting and ensuring an integrated and coordinated implementation and follow-up to major United Nations conferences and summits through the One World United Nations conference series. am particularly pleased that you have involved young people in such an active way. Your work is very much appreciated and clearly contributes to the United Nations' work in this area. wish you the best for continued success in the future. Please accept, your Excellency, the assurances of my highest consideration. Kofi A. Annan His Excellency Mr. Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal Prime Minister of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar

2 R0UTNGSLP TO: FROM: Ms. Gillian Sorensen F1CHE DE TRANSMSSON >^ DE: Yohannes Mengesha fa Room No. No de bureau $-186? FOR ACTON FOR APPROVAL FOR SGNATURE FOR COMMENTS MAY WE DSCUSS? YOUR ATTENTON AS DSCUSSED AS REQUESTED NOTE AND RETURN FOR NFORMATON Extension Poste pale V^8 17/1 0/1 QQQ POUR SUTE A DONNER POUR APPROBATON POUR SGNATURE POUR OBSERVATONS POURRONS-NOUS EN PARLER? VOTRE ATTENTON COMME CONVENU SUTE A VOTRE DEMANDS NOTER ET RETOURNER POUR NFORMATON This is a very nice project involving youth, spurred on by the Government of Mongolia and implemented with the help of NGOs. Perhaps your office could prepare a short acknowledgement to be signed by the Secretary- General. Thank you. COM )

3 \ ufl Hi W Hfj U / EXECUTVE OFFCE OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL Translation from Mongolian Date: 25 September, 1999 Ulaanbaatar Excellency, As a follow-up to the previous letter dated January 7,1999,1 have the honor to draw once again Your Excellency's kind attention to the innovative project known as the "One World UN Conferences series" initiated by the Government of Mongolia and implemented in close cooperation with the organizations of the United Nations system represented in Ulaanbaatar as well as the non-governmental organizations. The project, consisting of six national conferences, emerged as a national response to the United Nations objective, so ably articulated by Your Excellency on numerous occasions, to promote and ensure an integrated and coordinated implementation and follow-up to major UN conferences and summits of 1990s. The series covered the conferences on children, human rights, population, social development, women, and the national summit, all held in At the closing summit we had the pleasure of welcoming the Under-Secretary-General Mr.Kensaku Hogen as Your Excellency's Personal Envoy. Young delegates aged 15-19, including those with disabilities and from lowincome families, from all over the country participated in these conferences. The main purpose of these conferences with the direct and active participation of the youth was to raise the awareness of the general public of the goals set and the commitments undertaken by governments, to promote dialogue with the decisionmakers on follow-ups and to encourage an active involvement of the youth, the civil society and the local governments in the implementation of the relevant national plans of action. Hundreds of interesting, thought-provoking and helpful ideas have been flagged and proposed during these conferences. These conference series resulted in the adoption of the national development strategy, aptly portrayed by the participants themselves as "turning from a mosquito into a busy bee", a strategy to be reflected in the national policy. As a result of these conferences, "One World Clubs" have been established in all 21 His Excellency Mr. Kofi Annan Secretary-General of the United Nations New York /

4 aimags (provinces) and the capital city of Ulaanbaatar with the aim of expanding further the project and closely monitoring the implementation of the plans of action at the local level. These "clubs" are a r eflect p^n ojfjncreased involvement of NGOs and especially the youth, who represent the vast majority of the population, in promotingjhe goals of the UN conferences and summits, whose creative energies are yet to be untapped and put to the use of the society. We believe that the initial aim of the project has been attained. Bearing in mind the inspiring results of the One World Conference series, it is my earnest belief that other members of the United Nations might find it interesting and even useful. They could benefit from replicating this project, with the appropriate adjustments, in their own countries. n this respect, my Government is prepared to cooperate with the United Nations in sharing our experience with others. Please accept, Excellency, the assurances of my highest consideration. Rinchinnyamyn AMARJARGAL Prime Minister of Mongolia

5 GOVERNMENT OF MONGOLA Ulaanbaatar 3pX3MC3f HOGHTOH, 1999 OHbi H3rAYr33p capbin 7-Hbi eapm/m 3axnAa/iA AVPfla>K 6ai/icaH "Hsr eptemj, HY5-bm uyspa-n 6ara xyp/iyya" XSMSSX iimns/isr recejia 3px3Mcar HOGH TaHbi anxaap/ibir xahayy-naxbir aesmeephe YY- MOHTOJ y^cbih SacrnMH raapaac cahaanmicah SHSXYY rec/immr y^aah6aarap XOTHOO re/iee-ne/itsm HYB-biH cucjemmmh 6ai/iryyji^aryyA ScmoH TepuMH 6yc 6aiiryy^^aryyATati Hqrr xaivnpah x3psr>kyy-nc3h KDM. YHASCHMM X3MX33HMM 6 yaaarnmh 6ara xyp^aac SYPACSH 3H3xyy TGce/i Hb A OHA HYE-biH MB33^ Aop 6o^coH p$mv\\/\h Sara xypa/i, A33A XSVDKSSHMM yy^sa^jyyaaac ASBLUYY^CSH aopn^ryyabir H3PAC3H soxnuyyjia^raap xahran x3p3r>kyy^3xt3i/i xo/i6orayy/iah 3px3MC3r HOGH Ta o/iohiaa T3MA3r/i3H xs/ix 6awcaH nyxa^ sopmitbir x3p3rxyy-n3x3a HMTJSCSH YHASCHUM apra XSMXSS OO^COH OM. 6ara xyp/iyyabih xypaaha OHA XYYXSA, XYHMM apx, xyn HMwrMMMH xerxmi, 3M3rr3MHYYAMMH acyyajiaap SO^OH YHASCHMW A33A X3MX33HMM yy/isa^tyyabir jyc rye SOXMOH 6awryy^Jiaa. A33A X3MX33HMM yyjisa/itaa 3px3MC3r Hoe'H EpeHXM Aapra TaHbi Sue Te^eejierneep TaHbi op/iorn HOGH KencaKy XorsH opo/iucohbir AampaMA T3MA3r/i3X3A Taaraw 6awHa. Manaw ophbi GHuer 6y^aH SYPSSC xypan uyr/iacan aa/iyynyya, TYYHMM Aorop raxwp AyTyy 6o/iOH op^oro rsp SY/MMH xyyxayya 3Arssp xypa^a Te/iee/ierHeep opo/iucoh 6n;i33. 3a/iyy YSH^HXHUM ujyya, MASBXTSM OPOJUOOTOM SOXMOH 6aPiryy/icaH T6C/1MMH roji sopn^ro Hb HYE-biH 6ara xyp/iyyaaac aopn/it, sacrmmh raspyyabih XY/139C3H YYprnwH ra^aapxn EaMryyjuiarbiH Epenxni/i napumh SMHTHMH Aapra 3px3MC3r HOGH KOCJDM Annan Tanaa Hbio-l/lopK -4-

6 axun/iaraahbi epi/wh 6yc SO/OH 6\xv\v\ Ji 6aMryyjuiaryyA, opon HyrrnMH sacar aaxupraahbi opojiu,oor xanraxaa OPLUHHO. TGC/MMH XYPSSHA SOXMOH Satiryy/icaH 6ara xyp/iyyabm yesp COHMPXOJTOM, liinhs^sr canaa 6op,on OJOH nyxa/i cana/i ASBLLJYY^CSH 6o/ino. AYPAcan yuppchm uyepa/i Sara xyp/iyyabih OHOBHTOM SYMP^SH x3/ich33p "ULJyMyy/iaac 6o,ni4rooe" XSMSSX YHASCHMM xer>iaim/ih CTpaierMPir rapracan 6ere0A TYYHMMT yuppchmm 6oAnoroA rycrax OM. Men TecjiMMr xspsrxyy^chmm yp AY H A uyspa/i 6ara xyp/iyyabih aopn/itbir uaaiuna eprexyyjish ypariu^yy/iax, opon Hyrrni/iH yv\n axurmaraahbi xete/isepyyahwh xspsrxn/itsa x^ha^t rasmx aopmiro Hsr epiehu icny6"-bir MoHroji y^cbih 21 amman SO^OH XOTOA 6aPiryy^aH axun/iyy/ix 6a\/\ua. MMHXYY KJiy6 6atiryy^caH Hb HY5-bm MBSS/ AOP SOJCOH uyspa^ 6ara xyp;iyyaaac A3BLUYY-nc3H sopmiryyabir xspsrxyy^sx Y^^CT Tepi/wH 6yc 6atiryy^^aryyA SOJOH Manaw xyn ambih AH^-n3HX 6ereeA HMMTMUMH caiih cawxhbi rycbih TY/A CYTSSJH spn xynss uaaiuna 3Opny/iax ynupjam XYYXSA, aa^yynyya epreneep opo^uox 6yv\r HJTTSH xapyy/ias. Yr T9CJ1MMH 3XHMM SOpM/TO 6ne/13^33 0/1/1OO T3X Y33X 6aMH3. Hsr eprehu, uyspa/i 6ara xyp/iyya MMHXYY csirs^ AOFAJOM YP XYPCHMMT xapra^san TyyHnOir HYB-bin rmiiyyh SycaA OPOH cohwpxox, Tspn 6ai/iTyraM YP animrram XSMSSH XYJSSH asn, eepcahmh Hexuie^ 6aiiAa^A HMMUYY^SH yp AYHTSM xspsrxyy/ix 6o^ox OM. Hi/mrsx asaac MOHTOJ y/icbm SacrnMH rasap SHSXYY Typm^arbir 6ycaA yjic opohtotf xysaa/iuax nur^s/issp HYB-raw xamipan axu/maxaa 63/13H 6awraaraa 3pX3MC3F HOGH TaHA H3H 6HA6P XyHA3Tr3^33 M/13pXHM/lX 6aPiraar MMHb xy-n33h asn COG'PXOHO yy.

7 UNTED NATONS* MONGOLA

8 PREFACE n the 1990s the United Nations held a series of World Conferences to address urgent socio-economic problems faced by all member states. Collectively, these high profile meetings crafted a global consensus for a new development agenda for the 1990s and beyond. The entire international community united to achieve these shared values, strategies, and goals. Having actively participated in these important global conferences, the Government of Mongolia has taken follow up actions in collaboration with its development partners, including multilateral and bilateral donors, and international and national non-governmental organisations. This report, Mongolia's Follow-up to the UN Global Conferences, captures each conference's goals and assesses the progress of Mongolia's attempts to implement the policies articulated at each conference. Both policy and programme initiatives of the government, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and the United Nations Organisations in Mongolia are highlighted in each chapter. By acknowledging diverse initiatives of the past and identifying gaps, this document hopes to stimulate further efforts to achieve the conferences' goals in Mongolia. The attached booklet introduces a set of integrated social indicators to capture key conferences' goals, national targets, and then gauges the status of their implementation in Mongolia. These integrated indicators were developed on the understanding that all conferences included multi-sectoral goals and that the indicators articulated at one conference are refined at subsequent conferences. This document covers the seven key global conferences most relevant to promoting sustainable development in Mongolia. Finally, we would like to thank the many individuals and institutions that have provided enormous inputs and support for the preparation of this document. Special thanks goes to the government counterparts, NGOs, UN Theme Groups, the One World Conferences Team, and the youth and children in Mongolia who have provided the beautiful pictures featured throughout this document. Douglas Gardner UN Resident Coordinator April 1999 yfll/pttajl MyyncaH flanxufih A33A xauxaamni yaaa AapaaraflH Bara xypnyyfl asn xsus/mwh 6nn33, Bara xypnyyaaap xsnann ynnflaa wyrermsa 6yxtiS acyyaaji Barrcan nu. TOAOTTOH aryyjfcsc raflrssp H xenkhx iunh330pnnta3biuyyn3x33p seeujh/it^eh cana/i HsrflWH (jynrss. Bara xyp/iyyflbih nenafl OTOH ynaih xamtbih HHiirjMmraiiH spx3m 3pM3n33n, aophnro, CTparerMiir TonopxowiOH Tvy WH avrreri lyxan X3M33K y3«h 6nn33. flaflh A31XMMH X3MXO3HM fl 6ara xypnyyflafl Monron ynctm sacnw rasap HA38XT3M oponqoh 30pnnro ujhhab3pnfir Hb X3P3DKYYJ13XHKH TyfiA ync ophbixcc xewjihfirflsmhh 6yu TYHUiyvA T/xaSnoan xoep 6onoH onohianbih xapwmaar xahflhananha. AOTOOfl, raaaaabih TepHiiH 6yc 6afiryyjwaryyATaii xamtpak ammax BafiHa. HYB.-UH Bara Xypnyyflim 30pnrrrurMoHrori V'nc xypan rye 6ypiiiiH xsnsimrah acyyflan. A3Buiwnc3H 30p«nrofl yhuihrhflbih ahxaapubirxanqyv/iaxbih cai^yy T3Ar33pnfir MoHron ync x3px3h yahp^nara 6onroH X3p3r*yyn»: 6yS OaSflan, xypn tjyft ononr ai.i*kntbir qsrh3h rahnnnyyjiaxbir XHHSSJSS. Tyvm/iSH 3n 6apnMT 6M4raiiH 6ynsr Tyc 6ypT 3acnuiH rasap, TapiMH 6yc 6ai"iryyraiartiH /TBB/ cahaamnara, xspsn-y/n*: 6yS airain yiiiic, TYYHA Monron ync Aaxb HYS-bwreparonceHSaSryyniiaryyA 6onoH YHA3CHHH Tenssneree, raaraaphsr Monron yncafl xspsnkyy"* M 6atiAaJi, OJDJT auxhnt, L\aaujAbiH TeflBKfir roa^oonoh TaHM^Liyynaxbir XM433Hryiin3B. Tepera<YYn3H TOBOOJCOH xychsma TyxaiiH 6ara xypnaac A3BuJYync3H 30pnjiryAaaAapaarHHH 6ara xypnaap ynau GawKHH 6amH}K Horq uimk*6\kiiii 6onCHbiryxaapcHbixaa xapasp eyyjiran Torainy^naB. BapiiMi xypnyyflbih soptinr uiniiabsphhr xspsrxyvnah 6yS Safiflan TO^BHMH Tanaap HYB BonoH RsmMH 6aHK, 7yYH^Ji3H MoHroribiH HUMrMHtiH CTaTHCTHK cyaanraarapxn3h 6yii HYB-biH axnbih X3cra3c 63nrr3H rapracah 6ap»MT ranihitr onroB. 3n GapiiMT 6«Mnr xapaaxan 6yp3H Terenflep 6onoor/ii F3H33 4 MoHroJibiH rsx aryyjira, ysyynanr 6yxnii SapiiMT oiwur 3t(3CT Hb, GHA 3H3 natepnanbif Osmrsxsfl eepca««h qar aan, xyn xeflonmepee xahflmbnah rycancah xyeb xyr.iyyc, 6aSryynnaryyAafl ranapxnaa mipuwnbe. fbianryfla 3acrHfiH raaap, TepMMH 6yc6afiryynnaryyA, HYE-biH AiuibiH xscryyfl, Har eprehu xypnbih 6YJirnHHX3H 6ono«eapCAHiiH 3ypcaH 3ypraap 3H3 Marepnanbir HHMK rycancah Monro/ibiH XYYX3A flarnac fapflhep HYB-blH CyypHH Teneo/iern 1999 ohbi 4-p cap

9 CHLDREN J j. v : ip~d k^u /spfef^/fjf^ssi}, fkpe li/lnll& Prllg

10 ftjjixhfw XYYXAMMH flaaq MyyjiraH Hb flsjixwrn xyvflyvfl 1 " ca " H caiixhbi rycbih TSAHMiirTejieenHync ryphyyaxiih yflhpnanhflxypahmyyncah OHi^oryHJi HBflan KM. XYYXAMHH awbflhbax apx, xyvxamiir xauraanax, xer>kyyn3x axoui YWCKHH ftuixmtw TyHxar 6a MepwiiH xeran6ept HyywaHAOpojmorHHq rapbih year aypcan 6mi33. Tspxyy TyHxar, MepxkiH xeien6ep Hb XYYXAMMH xeraain«h acyyflnbir xehflceh, uar xyrauaahbi xyebfl 2000 OHbir xawap;ah ynflc3h 7, flaranqax 20 aopwirooc 6ypAC3H KM. T3flT33p aopunrofl napaa ypc 6onoH 3XH«H 3Hfl3rflan, XYYXAHHH xoon XYHCHMH xoucaon, 6HMnr Year raiijiarflcah 6aiiflan aspsracyyaan rycrarflcahbi cauyy apyy" M3HA rap BY/ Teneenom, 6onoBcpon, yhflhbi yc, apuyh USBPHHH yiiiwhnrishhii Haafl aaxbih MaHaii raphrniih ync ophyya OHflep YYP 3r. awnajit aaax apm xynvwr flaiixhiw XYYXAHHH A33A HyynraHaac fl3biuyync3h T3flr33p 30pnnryyfl eepiee aryyncah KM. TYYHHJTCH XYYXWMH apxmtir xamraanax H3rnM3n 30punTbir xspsnkyynsxhiih TynA3acrwHH rasap, TEE, flohop SaHryynnara, onoh HHMTHHH M3fl33nnn«H xapsrcsn, xprshmti HiiiirwHHH 6onoH onoh yncbih DaHryy^naryyfl oeop xoopohfloo TYHUJHHH xaphnqaa Torrcuiijoor 6m oonroxofl T3flr33p sopunr HejieenceH 6HJ133. XyyxfliiiiH apxhhh ryxati ohbi TyHxarr TynryypJiacaH XyyxAniiH apxiimh 1989 onti KoHBeHq Hb HyynraHbi awwn ytincniih wepiimh xeten6ephmh i;ap xypaa, cyypxiir SararracaH KM. SacmtiH rasap, OnoH yjicbih oahryynnaryyaaac XYYXAMHH renea Boflnoro nsyy^ax apxayiih opnuh 6YPAYY" C3H0/10H VCBH xyynb 3px 3yHH ainyyfl KoHBCHU3fl opcoh 6nn33. KoHBeHL Hb xyyxsfl awbfl abax, scehfl3b)khxhexi^en 6YpAYY n3x Saianraar cawwpy ynaxaflhvirmcsh ymvip flonxhhh ync ophyyflbm HSH napyii fl33fl X3M>K33HH/1 B EOflJioro, xere/ieep XYYXAMMH flssfl MyynraHfl MoHron ync oponl(o>k XYVX/MMH xer>knmmh YHfl3CHHM xetenbepree aoxnx apra xamxashyvflnfir 1993 OHfl Tycracan 611^33. MonrojibiH a)knn yiinchmh YHflscHMM xet6/i6ep Hb aopunro 4nm3n 6yxiiii MOFJ WM. TYYH/ flanxniih XYYWMMH flasfl MyynraHbi Tynxar, 30pnnT 6onroH flsbwyyiah TejieeneceH a>knn yfinciaur cansap iyc xeiensepniir TOflopxoCinox 4nr SapHMxaar TycracaH BOJHO. A>KMn YRncw xeiensep Hb 2000 OHfl 6neriYYn3X flapaax YHflcsn 7 3opnm fl3buiyy/i3b: xniirssfl 5 xypran Hacnbi xyyxflmwn shasrannvir Gyypyynax; 3Hfl3rflnniir 6yypyynax; XYHC, T3)K33nMMH HO4TOM 6a flyhfla>k xomcanwr 6aracrax; VHflHbi i43b3p yc, apuyh tisaap, spyvn axypin xypt33m>kmiiir catijkpyynax; BYX HMiiTsap cyypb 6onoBcpon SSSMUJMX 6ononL\oor 6ypflYY n3x^ HacaHfl xypsnhflmmh SuMur ycsrr y/i TafijnarflcaH xysumr 6aracrax; 6yS XYYXflHfiH xamraannbir cam>xpyynax. XyyxAMiiH A33fl Hyynranaap xsnarmcsh acyyflan, ASBUiyyncaH aopunrbir Monroji ync 1990 OHOOC MapwafinT rapraw canaa TaBMH xnnssn ayirsn rapran wpse. OHMCE*,

11 THE CHLDREN'S SUMMT At the 1990 World Summit for Children, world leaders gathered in New York and promoted the well being of the world's children. On this occasion, the World Declaration and the Plan of Action on the Survival, Protection and Development of Children were jointly signed. The Declaration and the Plan of Action comprise seven major goals and 20 supporting goals related to child human development for the year These included targeted reductions in infant and maternal mortality, child malnutrition and illiteracy, as well as targeted increases in access to basic'services for health, family planning, education, water and sanitation. The goals established at the World Summit for Children generated a significant and sincere commitment for action from the participating countries. t also created new partnerships among governments, NGOs, donors, media, civil society, and international organisations for protecting children's rights. As a platform of the Summit's Plan of Action, the Convention on the Rights of the Child was adopted in 1989, which itself drew upon the 1959 Declaration on the Rights of the Child. Carrying the weight of international law, the Convention provided a framework for governments and agencies to develop policies benefiting children. The Convention became the world's most rapidly and widely ratified human rights instrument to improve child survival and development. MONGOLA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTON POLCY AND ACTON PLANS Mongolia participated in the World Summit for Children and translated relevant measures into its 1993 National Programme of Action for the Development of Children. The National Programme of Action of Mongolia, a set of planning guidelines, lays out sectoral programmes to achieve the goals set out in the Declaration and Plan of Action of the World Summit for Children. The National. Programme of Action established seven goals to be achieved by the year 2000: Reduction of mortality rate for infants and children under 5 years by one third of 1he 1990 level; Reduction of maternal mortality rate by 105 per 100,000; Reduction of severe and moderate malnutrition by half of the 1990 figure; mprovement of access to safe water and sanitary means to at least 85 %; Universal access to basic education; Reduction of adult illiteracy rate to 2 %; mproved protection of children in especially difficult circumstances. Since 1990, Mongolia has made enormous efforts in implementing the global agenda of the World Summit on Children. The Government of Mongolia, with

12 AHV-biH OHOH yncbih xerwimmh areninar 6ojion OJOH yncbih 6ycafl 6aHryynnaryyflbiH xapamryfi Tycnani^aa A3M)ttn3[T3Mre3p MoHronbiH aacrwiih raaap XYYXAMMH tenee XMMH 6yti awmn Y^/icflaa awxunr oncoop 5aftna. Spyy/i HOUR, XYHC wxaan, eonoacpoji, 43B3P yc, apuyh qsapnvth xanrawsk, Taxnp flyjyy XYYXSA, ax, YPCMMH CBMH cafixhw rycbih rynfl xufi* 6yr33x awnbih sopmmw can6ap, 4Hrn3n rye Sypasp Hb TOflOpxoPinoofl XOOA AMXUAM, XYPC3H AWDKMJ1T xyhupxntinah flapanryiinax, spyy/i 6yc, XYHA xsi^yy axytf OPHMHOOC ahm>kpyynax ranaap TyniunsrH OJOH yncbih CaiiryynnaryyflbiH ryc/ia/maa fl3mw^3rt3mr33p Tepen CypuPtH apra xsw>k33 ass 6aiiHa. FlnaHryna oxiifl 6onoH >Knp3MC3H, xexyvji 3XHYYAMMH XYHC xoon, T3)K33JiMfiH acyyflanfl OHUfofi anxaapflar WM. TeMepner xnfirssfl CioflbiH xomcflnbir 6aracrax aopn/iroop jemepner, A, fl Piofl aryyncan XYHCHMM 6YT33rfl3xyYHMMr xot-cyypnh raaap, xeflee OPOH Hyrarr xyprax aw^bir YP flyht3m SOXMOH fjatiryyrnk 6afiHa OHOOC xapsnkyynw 6yii XOMCAHOOC oianrraancah swrsrtsm TSM^SX YHASCHMM xeiensepiimh fioflwyyncah flaec epren xspsrnsx aapnmbih 6ofljioro 6apMMTanw np3b. V/ic ophbi x3m»33hfl XYHCHMM x3psm33 XYpi33M)KMMr cawjkpyynax, TyYHfl xflhant TaBMx YYP3r, 30pnnro SyxnH XYHC, T3)K33n cyfl/ia/ibih TesuMr 1992 ohfl 6afiryyngB. 3ax 333nnflH HiwrMnviH KaMnaHUT a)«njn, rap SY/MUH SODOBCOH»ypaMT xapn/maa, apyy/i a>k Tepex ecohr flssflnsh catiwpyynax, XYYXAMMH spxmmh KoHB8HL(M(iH aaa/ir, sopmjiryyflbir X3P3OKYY/13X3A Hb KDHMCE* GYXHM n ranaap fl3m>kii)k 6aiiHa. Byxufi O^OHA cyypb 6o/ioBcpon 333MiiiyYn3x luaapa/iarbir xanraxun ly/ifl SacrnfiH rasap 6onon lepufih 6yc 6aiiryynnaryyfl 6ara n xysmmh M3i43pji3ryYflM(irfl3M>KMH xenkyynsx GoAJioro 6apnMT/iaH asyynw npnaa. M Y SapaM A/i6an 6yc cypra^raap 6onoscpon onrox YnflscHMii xerenbepufir rasap 1997 OHfl Baia/icaH 6M/133. BYX Hniiisspas, TYYHMH floiop OXMA, 3M3rr3fiHyyAMMr sphmmtsii cypraniaa xampyyncan cyypb Bonoecpon 333MuJYYf3x, TOBUMH 3M3rr3MHYYflMMH So/ioBCponbir cahwpyynax recnufir OHECKOfl3M)KM)K6aCiHa. ync ophbi X3M>K33HA XYYX3A cypryynb saacapaax RBAnaae cspsmxcnaxmmh ryna KDHUCE* ansan 6yc cypranrbin xete/isepyyanfir nsrsn aann XYYXAMMH ctaryctati xo/isoorom acyyanaap MoHronA M3A3rA3XYfii4 axnl( raps Saftna OH rsxsfl x3p3dkyyn3x33p A3BiuYY nc3h sapum sopwrn eneeaep 6Me/i3rfl33A SaiiHa. Tyxatijn6an: 1) Hflpafi 6o;iOH 5 xypran HacHbi XYYXAMMH 3HA3rflnniir Syypyynax; 2) 3MT3r33c aumwupcah; 4) flapxnanwyynaxbih emhex yersfi xapbl(yyn6an ynaan. 6ypxanaap eannex roxmo/ifloji Garaccan; 5) sakl(mh)kyyna/itafl xawaapyy^ax ysyynam ehflep Safiraa GOJOH 6) XYYXAMMH 3pxnfir xawraanax xyy/ib SarnarAcaHaap (1996 OHfl) XYHA 63px axyctn Hexqenfl 6yfi XYYXflMpiH xainraanan MSAsrflaxYiin cafi)kmph33. PSBH ync ophbi 3flMMH sacar, ync iep TOTBOTOM 6yc Qaapfiaac liianrraanah XYY/XAMMH V 4yynranaac ASBWYY/CSH sapmm aopunrbir xspsnkyynsxaa nsnssfl 63pxw33n, y-inpm 6aiirdar flypbflyyliitafi. SXMMH 3HA3rfl3n, xyhc jawsanhhh Bafiflan, aapwmh HOLTOM xowcaon, nanxcbw SMenCiH WMH 6ara Safiraa HBAnur Syypyynaxafl OHHTOM ahxaapyyaitar 6afiHa. Byx HniiTSfl YHAHU qaeap ychbi xyp3nl 33 xyprsaiukk MoHronA HflMar xsssap SaiiHa. AMbcranwH aambih xajifleapi ebmheep 3HflcsH XYY^AMMH TOO SyypcaH XSAMM M 5 xypt3n HacHbi Hflpaw ypcmmh 3Hfl3rfl3n flopentofi Gyypaaryii Saflna. SHS MSTSA Heneenw 6yft ynup liianiraahbi Heneer apvinraxafl 3acruMH rasap anxaapn, SOXMX apra X3MXO3 ascaap XYPCSH ononr am)kmjitaa BaraTraH, 2000 OH 6onoH TYYHOSC i<aaiijmx axml auwmmaa XYPSXHMF spwanash ajxwnnax nsanbir caiiwpyynax Hb HSH nyxar K>M. n

13 Health and Nutrition Achievement Future Challenges strong support from UNCEF, USAD and other international organisations, has successfully acted on behalf of its children. Benchmarks for follow-up have been established in the areas of health and nutrition, education, water supply and sanitation, childhood disability, and child and women's welfare. PROGRAMMES AND ACHEVEMENTS With support from international partner organisations, Mongolia has undertaken actions to eliminate the conditions that force children into vulnerable and unhealthy circumstances. The health and nutrition of both the female child and of pregnant women have received special attention. A programme to provide childcare services and maternity homes fias been established. Effective measures have been taken to reduce deficiencies in iron foliate, vitamins A and D, and iodine by distributing these nutrients in urban and rural areas. The National odine Deficiency Disorders Programme has been operating since 1995 and uses universal salt iodination as its principal intervention strategy. Established in 1992, the Nutrition Research Center promotes and monitors good nutrition practices throughout Mongolia. UNCEF supports social marketing campaigns to promote sound principles of parenting, healthy living, and awareness of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. For basic education needs, government and NGOs support early childhood education by'developing private sector kindergartens. Moreover, the government has approved the National Programmes of Action on Non-formal Education in To meet the goal of universal access to primary education (with special emphasis for girls and accelerated 1 literacy programmes for women), UNESCO supports projects to increase women's literacy in Gobi aimags. n addition, UNJCEF sponsors a non-formal education programme to prevent school dropouts in the country. The condition of Mongolia's children has significantly improved since the early 1990s, and some goals set for the year 2000 have been achieved. Particularly, the mortality rates for infants and for children under five have been reduced and access to information and services on reproductive health has been improved. Mongolia has also maintained a high level of immunisation coverage. However, economic and political instability limits Mongolia's ability to meet the goals set at the Children's Summit. Numbers of children in extreme difficult circumstances, especially among the urban street children, are increasing every year. Strenuous efforts to reduce the maternal mortality rate, severe and moderate malnutrition, and low birth weights are required. Universal access to safe drinking water remains unachieved. Although overall child death from acute respiratory infections has been reduced, the death rate among children under 5 has not been reduced as dramatically. The government continues efforts to eliminate factors affecting these indicators. lim

14 Baraxypan: Afl6aH 6yc H3p Earaxyp/ibiHAapraHap: SOXMOH 6aMryynarHMfl: TBB-yyflbiH opoimoo: fl3bljyync3h 6apMMT 6MHMr: XspanKyv/wxaprasaM:, HbW MopK, ync opoh, TYYHHM florop 79 ync rvphmm ophbi rep, aacraiih BpafiaH ManpOHM (KaHafl), Mycca Taop (Mann) HYB-biH epahxm HapMMH 6mrmH flaprbih nassn flop, H YB-biH XYYWWH 6aiiryynnara fconoh H3[flC3H YHfl 6ycafl 6aviryyiinaryyflbiH A3M>Krrar xynascah, 6 ync (KaHafl, Brunei, Ma/in, MSKCHK, FlaKMCTaH, lilsefl) Xvyxfl^MH spyyn M3Hfl, xoon xync, Sonoecpon, yhflhbi usasp yc, apiiyn 43BpniiH ranaap 2000 OHfl xypax sopum TepniiH 6yc 45 6atiryyn;iara opojiijcoh flsnxmm flaxuhfl: Xyyxsfl awbfl MSHfl 6aiix, xyyxflmwr xawraanax, xenkvynsx aikmn ymncmfih flsnxnwh X3MW33HMM Tynxar, MepnflH xeiensep YHfl3CHwii x3?«53hfl: Xyvwiir xenkyy!i3x axvin YiincwiiH YHflscHuii xetensep HsnxniiH XvyxflMMH MyynraHbi oiir Toxno/iflyynaH H YB-biH Epenxnii AccawSneiiH OHbi 4yy/iraHfl xsflsh ohbi flynfl ye xypmax ToiiMMHncoH laii/ianr nmrsnfl rycrax; Hsrflcsn YHSSCTHMM repe/wceh Bauryynnara xoopohflbih HarflMsn amnnnaraa, 3pyyn MSHflnfiH Soflnoro, BonoecpojibiH xawrapcah xopoo; Ync open SYPMMH aacrafih raapaacxyyxflumh rsnee XMMX awnn yiincmmh YHfl3CHiiM xat8n6ep; Harflcsn YHASCTHUS T3pryYi3X Gaiiryynara HYB XB (KDHUCEO). Conference: nformal Name: Government Participation: Conference Co-chairmen: Organisers: Principal themes: NGO presence: Resulting document: Follow-up mechanisms: World Summit for Children World Summit for Children United Nations, New York, Sept The Children's Summit 159 countries, including 71 heads of State or Government Brian Mulroney, Canada, and Mussa Traore, Mali The six initiating countries (Canada, Egypt, Mali, Mexico, Pakistan, Sweden) with the support of UNCEF and other UN agencies under the auspices of the United Nations Secretary-General Goals for the year of 2000 for children's health, nutrition, education, and access to safe water and sanitation 45 NGOs participated in the Summit Global: World Declaration and Plan of Action on the Survival, Protection and Development of Children National: National Programme of Actions on the Development of Children Mid-decade review, with Secretary-General's progress report presented at the 1996 General Assembly session on the anniversary of the Children's Summit; UN nter- Agency Task Force; the Joint Committee on Health Policy and the Joint Committee on Education; National Programmes of Action for Children within each national Government; UNCEF is the lead UN agency

15 ENVRONMENT ' -^d'issi! 13 f n

16 fl3/txwwhfl33flwwj/vw Eaiiranb opmih, XenwiHHH HYE-bm Bara xypan 6yioyAanxHiiH flaaahyyrrah Hb uap xyp33, xanaflucah acyyanaapaa HYB-biH 6ara xypnyyflaac ohufior MM. TOFTBOPTOM 6aHranb opmhhr xawraanax ujhha sopmnbir flanxhhh flaafl HyynraHfl opo/imorhha ASBLjyynaH TaBbcan 6nns3. flflyypan, xai xaparnaa sapar xypaanah 6yM OPHHHA ceper Henea yaw/!)* 6aiiraa TynraMAcaH acyyftnyyfltir flaaa Myynrawaac rapracah ypnanrahfl jycracah 6aMHa. 3flniiH aacrnhh anne LUHMflBap 6aHranb ophmhfl ujyyfl Heneenflar Tyn 6oflnoro,TeneBnero9Hnti MMT 1 HyynraHfl oponqorn y^c ophyyflbih 3acrntiH raapyyflxynssh seemeepceh MM. XeramnA ASM So^ox, Heree Tajiaac 6awrajib opnuhfl xop xoheejiryh "TorrBopioii Te/iesjieree 6onoBcpyynaxbm nyxa^bir rmuiyy H ophyyfl OHUJOH TSMflsr/iscaH 6aiiHa. TVYHHOSH Byypaii xenkmmaii GOJOH xenkhhrym y/ic ophyyflbih xoopohfl xapunuah apx rarui aiuwr cohhpxo^fl rynryypnacah fls^xmmh spyyn capyyn MpaaflyiiH Twiee TyHUjflanHMH cyypmiir iyc HyynraH TaBHB. Banranb ophhhfl SAHMH sacrmmh xeraovi HejieeiDK 6yii acyyanbir HarACSH YHASCTHHH EaitryynnarbiH 1972 OHbi CTOKroiibMbiH "XyH 6aXyp33ji3H 6yw OPHMH" Bara xypan fl3sp xehflceh SHJSS. Bara xyp;ibih Aapaa rmuyvh ophyya 6atiranb opmhhr xauraanax yypsr 6yxnii Hsrflc3H YHASCTHUH Eatiranb ophhbi xere^sepxhr SMH 6onrocoH KJM. FaaM rap qaraac xoiiui Banranb opmmha xop xoxupo^ ysupcaap 6aiixafl yjic ophyyflbih 3flMMH sacrmmh Te/iesnenT, uittiiflbap rapranibir xyp33/i3h 6yn opnuhr xawraanax acyyaanrati SOXHCTOM xoc^yynax axtmn ryh Bara XMHCSH 6aiiHa. OsoHbi uoopxoii, flanxmm HHMTMHH pynaapan, yc BOXHPAOJT 6onoH SaMranMHH Heeuntir xa»ip HaiipryH qenweh aujhrxiax 6atiraa sspsr acyyflaji Tyrujyvp 3apna)K 6aiiHa. XypaanaH 6y(i OPMMHW acyyflnbir xehflceh ahxhhi 6ara xypnaac XOMUJ 20 WH/HHH Aapaa fla^xntir 6oxnpAyynaxryM, 6aMra^MMH HexerAemryti He.eMOAxapuj 6yc xeraoihmh crparerh SonoBcpyynaH Aaran MepAexHwr HYB-aac rhiuyvh ophyyaflaa ypwancah K>M. MeH TWHTSH xon6orayynah HSHXHMH ASSA MyynraH O^OH yucbih 5 rapaa xana^maap 6onoBcpyynaB. AreHfla-21 - Rimm HUMTMHH TOTBOPTOH xernoimiih HSHACSH xerensep; Bawranb opmhh, XerauivtHH PMomiiH rynxar - Vnc ophyyawh apx, yvprnvir TOAopxoMncoH3apHMyyAWH Barm OH MOA xamraanax rapaa - flajixhhh OHH Heeqefl yxaanar xahaah yanpflah BuonorMHH repen syiinhiih ryxaii KOHBBHH - 6HOJiorHMH Tepen 3y(inMHH HeeqHHr xamraanax, apnr ramrah auimrnax, yp ujmmhiir uiyoapra xypraax 6arajiraar b, Liar yypuh eepsnenthmh ryxaii KOHBBHU AS/XHHH eatirajib, ^a^ yypr HeneeniK 6yii xyhmh ayhnmmr 6aracrax 6cnoH ypbahhnah capntmnax aaphmyyauh

17 THE EARTH SUMMT f*x& f f\ --(, -H -<-t tjfvtv* ^^ U> The size and scope of the UN Conference on Environment and Development, also known as the Earth Summit, was unprecedented for a UN conference. Member states committed themselves to a new global partnership for sustainable development and environmental protection. The Summit's message reflected the complexity of the problems facing human beings: both poverty and excessive consumption by affluent populations causes environmental degradation in the world. Governments recognised that they must redirect their plans and policies to ensure that their economic decisions account for environmental impacts. The member states recognised need to create a plan for "sustainable development" that both supports development and prevents deterioration of the environment. The Summit also prepared a foundation for a global partnership between the developing and the industrialised countries, based on mutual needs and common interests to secure a healthy future for the planet. The relationship between economic development and environmental degradation first appeared on the international agenda at the 1972 Stockholm UN Conference on the Human Environment. After this Conference, member governments set up the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), which continues to promote conservation.of the environment. However, since then little has been done to integrate environmental concerns into national economic planning and decision-making and the environment continued to deteriorate. Ozone depletion, global warming, water pollution and destruction of natural resources accelerated at an alarming rate. Twenty years after the first global environment conference, the UN encouraged member states to devise development strategies that would not destroy irreplaceable natural resources and pollute the planet. To this end, the Earth Summit produced five international agreements: Agenda 21 - a comprehensive plan for sustainable global development; The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development - a set of principles defining the rights and responsibilities of States; The Statement of Forest Principles - a set of principles guiding sustainable management of the world's forests; Convention on Biological Diversity - a set of principles ensuring protection, sustainable utilisation and fair shares of the benefits from biodiversity resources; Convention on Climate Change - a set of principles preventing and reducing factors causing global climate change.

18 yua EArA xypnbih 30Pumbir Mowonn MBPffnere Eonrow EYM Hb EOfljioro, xeie/ieep flsnxmiih MyynraHbi uwppapmr xspsnkyyjisx, Baiiranb OTJMHOO xawraanax appnnroop MwranbiH Sacrum raaap eepunenr LUHHSHnsmviiiH XSA XSASH apra XSMWSS ascan OM. "AreHAa 21" AsnxuiiH xeiensepniiryampanara BonroH SAHMH sacar, Bafiranb opwh, HHiirMwiiH TorTBOproii xenwiniih acyyanbir rycracan 21 AY r33 P WHfl a!l <nn yiincmiih MoHronbiH XerenBepniir Bonoscpyyncan OM. Tyc xetenbepwr afimryyabin SAMMH sacar, HMwreM, Baiiranb OPHHHW xopcoaraii xawrpan BonoBCpyynw, xeaee opoh Hyrarr onow HMHTniir epreheep xampah xspadkyyi* Baiiraa OM. Tyc XeienBepeec raana Bafiranb ofwhu acyyanaapx YHflsCHnii ranebneree (1995), BuonomiiH repen aypinmmh Tanaapx Teneenepee (1996), UamMnrrsM TSM<SX YHA3CHnfi Tenesneree (1996) BonoBcpyyncaH Hb Baiiranb opmhhbi TCfTBopioii xenknuiir Monron ync Tyywraii BapuMTan* Byiirxapyyn* Baiina. xeiejibgp, ononr AWDK/HT.. \ flsnxumh Myynranaac AsaujyyncsH sopunryyabir xspsrwyynsxsa HMTOCSH onoh apra XSMJKSS awkmnnaii SOXMOH WOH20A {/ffx6 BafiryynaB. TyxaSnBan HSHACSH YHASCTHUM Tepen)KceH BaiiryynnaryyA BonoMnaoii Aasyy ranaa auinrnah Bycafl Q3KUAA OZQQm>l BaiiryynnaryyATaPi xawrapn BaiiranbopMUHAxop xeheen ynpyynwbyii BspxLussnMiir ABBBH ryynaxaa MoHronbiH SacmfiH rasapr ASM)«n3rTycnannaa yayyn* upsa. "MOHrOflblH X6T8nB8P - 21" xerenbep Hb HBM, raspwh xoopohflbih, onon HMiiTMtir xamapcan xerwnniih BoAnoro 6yxnii nyxan yssn BapiiMTnanbir BonoscpyynaH ASBiuyyncsH OM. YyHMii yp AYW MonronbiH XyAanflaa Aw YfinABSpniiH TaHxnM, >Kn)«Mr BMSHSC 3pxnsrHAniiH xonboo, MonronbiH XspsrromAii iw apx aiiirn(ir xamraanax HMiirsMnsr aspsr BaMryynnaryyAbir oponuyyncah TorrBOproii xenwwiih Sesnenuiir BaiiryyncaH BaPtna. TyyHMnsH Baiiranb opnhhbi acyyanaap X3A XSASH ww\ xsprniih yynsanr, cyprani SOXHOH BaiiryyncHbi caijyy TorrBOproii xeraoiniih Tanaapwn)Kiir Tecnyyfl xapsnkyyncsh 6nns3. SuoAoauuH mopga syttautie xctmzaaaax BnonoraiiH repen 3yiinniiH KoHBeH4T3ii xonboo Byxiiii XSA XSASH recen raahbi BaiiryynnaryyAbiH rycnamx, A3M«n3rr3Mrasp MoHronAxspsraauK BaiiHa. BuonoraiiH xosop, esepmeu repen 3yiinnMr xaaranah xamraanax 30pnnrc>op TepniiH Bye BonoH Onon yncbin Bycafl BaiiryynnaryyflbiH ASMncnarssp rasap HyrrniiHxaa 11 xysmiirxamraanambih Bycr xawpyynax amr MoHronbiH sacrum raaap axraafl BaiiHa. TyywMn3H Buo/wram repan 3Y«nwiiH ranaapx awm yiinchm renesnereer xspsnkyynsxsa HSHACSH YHASCTHMM BaiiryynnarbiH XeonnniiH XeienBepniiH raspaac cahxyy«yyn>k Byii MonronbiH BuonorniiH ispen ayiinniih receri yhsixybb HSMSP opyynw Baiiraa Bunss. TyciecnMiiH xypsshaopon Hyrarr BuonomiiH repen ayiinniir xaflra^ax BoAnoro BonoBcpyynax, ryyha onon HMMTHMH oponi^oo, canaamiwrbir ASMWHH Baiiraa OM. TYYHWSH AOHOP BaiiryynnaryyAbiH ypflykraii yiin awinnaraaraoximyyiax, BycaflBaiiryynnaryyAbiH Heen Bononi^oor AaviMnax yypsr Byxiiii Xypasnsn Byii OPHMHU UTrsnuiiH can BaiiryynaxaA rye reran SacmiiH rasapr Aawwrar t- * ^ DdKiicuiDUp^nDl iui idu^fiun Aai/PJinm ixiki^fjyynaauiapicinj uu^vtuioinuctfjtimi uniinm iviohfo/l yflc DODOBCpyy/lCSH np33 OyitH X3AMH H T3flT33pniir x3p30kyyn3x3fl eefmiem iunk3mn3nr xwi«aiaapanarataii Gawna. XapaotcvynanrGX yyflcah flapaax CTparerviiirx3p3ra(YYn3X3AAOHOpyncopoH,onoHyncbiH6aiiryynnaryyAaacY3YY n)k 6yii aoxuoh BaiiryynanTbiH MexaHMSMurBonoBcpoHryii Bonrox; SAnfiH sacmiih xenwihiih crparerviiir Baiiranb opmhbi acyyflarrraii aoxncrovi ywiayynax HapniiBMnncaH TorrojiL oor6onobcpyynax.

19 1 Mongolian Action Programme Biodiversity Conservation MONGOLA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTON POLCY AND ACTON PLANS Future Challenges The Government of Mongolia has responded to both the Earth Summit and to the threats of continued environmental degradation in Mongolia with several reforms. Mongolia's response to the Global Agenda 21, the Mongolian Action Programme for the 21 st Century (MAP-21), offers a blueprint for sustainable economic, environmental and social development. MAP 21 has been developed and implemented in a decentralised and participatory manner at the local level with the Aimags (provincial) Action Programmes and by the Aimag Economic, Social and Environmental Committees. n addition to the MAP-21, the National Environmental Action Plan (1995), the Biodiversity Action Plan (1996) and the National Plan of Action to Combat Desertification (1996) demonstrate Mongolia's strong commitment to environmentally sustainable development. PROGRAMMES AND ACHEVEMENTS Many successful actions have already been taken to implement the goals set forth at the Earth Summit. The UN agencies, in coordination with other institutions, have used their comparative advantages to assist the Mongolian government to overcome continued environmental degradation. Supported by UNDP, the MAP-21 programme has introduced the important concept of interministerial and participatory policy development. The process has spurred the formation of a.business Council for Sustainable Development, which has important links to the Mongolian Chamber of Commerce, Small Business Association and Mongolian Consumer's Association. A number of workshops and training on environmental awareness have been conducted, and small projects on sustainable development have been implemented. n response to the Convention on Biological Diversity, several projects have been implemented in Mongolia with external support. With support from international NGOs and agencies, the government has set aside and begun to manage 11 percent of its total land as protected area to conserve theunique biodiversity of the country. The Mongolia Biodiversity Project, funded by UNDP Mongolia and the Global Environmental Facility, is also a major initiative of the government to implement the Biodiversity Action Plan of Mongolia. The project supports policy development as well as community-based initiatives for biodiversity and conservation at the local level. The project also-supports government efforts to establish the Environment Trust Fund that will secure both optimum co-ordination among donors and maximum resource mobilisation from other donors. Mongolia has developed policy documents and strategies to promote environmentally sustainable development, but challenges remain to implement these policies and strategies. mplementation requires diverse efforts, including the following actions: ncrease financial support from donor countries and international organisations to implement strategies; Develop and strengthen institutional mechanisms and provide for full public and NGO participation for implementation; Adopt an environmental accounting system to integrate environmental impacts into economic development strategies.

20 Afl6aH 6yc Hap: XnMnr3C3H sacrmhh rasap: Ton C3fl3B: TEE-yyAbiH oponu.oo: XsparwvvnsxaprasaM: GwmexEara xypan: Baiiranb OPMUH, xenknmw acyyflnaapx HsrflcsH YHASCTH Bara xypan, Epa3nn 1 72 ync opoh, TVYHMM AOTOP 1 08 ync ryphuci opubi rep, sacrum raapwh isprvyh Mopnc CrpoH (Kanafl) H YB-biH Bara xypnbih HapniiH 6wrnMH flapra HapbiH raaap baiiranb OPMMH, Tonaopioii xennwn TepMiiH 6yc Baiiryy/viaryyAaac 2400 Tenesnem oponi<coh 33p3r433 30XMOCOH TBB-y'yflbiH nyyjirahfl xyh oponljcoh flsnxnii flaxmhfl: TorrBopTofi Xennn-2 1, Baiiranb op^mh, XenKnMfiH acyyfinaapx PnorniiH TyHxar, Ofi MOA xaiwraa/iax ryxati Tspss. Baiirajib, i\ar yypbih eephnenrniih Tyxaii HYB-biH KoHBeHU, BuonomiiH repen symnnpth ryxapi HYB-biH KOHBBHL; YHASCHMM X3MK33HA: 21 AY r33 P 3yyHbi MoHronbiH axw \jmcmh TeneB^eree, BnojioraiiH repen syiinnfir xaflranax awmi yfincumh Teneeneree, BycaA TonrsopToti xeraainiih acyyaan 3pxsnc3H KOMUCC, TorrBopioii xenx/iniih acyyaan 3px3^C3H Baiiryynnara xoopohflbih Xopoo, TorraopToii xeracnuiih acyya/iaapx A33A 3eanen XYH repenxtsh, XypssnaH 6yti OPMWHU acyyanaapx HYB-biH Bara xypan, (1972 OH) Earth Summit Conference: nformal Name: Host Government: Governments Participation: Conference Secretary General: Organisers: Principal themes: NGO presence: Resulting documents: Follow-up mechanisms: Previous Conference: United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), Rio de Janeiro, 3-14 June 1992 The Earth Summit Brazil 172 countries, 108 heads of State or Government Maurice Strong, Canada UNCED Secretariat Environment and Sustainable Development Some 2,400 representatives of NGOs; 17,000 people attended the parallel NGO Forum Global: Agenda 21, the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, the Statement of Forest Principles, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity National: Mongolian Action Plan for the 21st Century, Biodiversity Conservation Action, Plan, and others. Commission on Sustainable Development; nter-agency Committee on Sustainable Development; High-level Advisory Board on Sustainable Development UN Conference on the Human Environment, Stockholm (1972)

21 -S 13 «j* * ffl 4 LYJ '.A? / >* ( l.., f - ^ r*i t \ \i'' HUMAN RGHTS

22 1 Xyffffff 3PX/MH BAM XXPA/7 YHA3CTHMM TorrormooHbi xypssha nyyjicah XYHMM 3pxnMH Eara xypnaap XYHMM spxmmh 6aMflan, axuu flsbiii/rnpir flann ASXMMH XSMXOSHA aan ysah rynraah X3J13/H4C3H Hb TYY XT Y^H HBflan 6ojicoH 6MJi33.XyHMM 3pXMMH Bara xypnaac A3BiUYync3H BeHMMH Tynxar, YMJ awu/inaraahbi XerenSepuPir 171 ync ophbi Tenee/ierH X3J13S1M3H 6ara/icaH WM. TyHxar, AWMJ YM/CMMH Xere.n6epT xennmi A3BLLMJ1, apflmmnan, XYHMM spx xapunuah xon6oo uiyt3nu33t3mr xypaahryftnah TOAOpXOMJDK, 6yX HMHT33p33 XyHMM 3pXHMT fl33fl/13h xedkyyj13x UOFL4 Teneenereer rycracah apxhiin acyyflan OJOH ynqbih xawrbih HvifiraunsrvtHH x3m)k33hfl apannavi 6a»raa Hb Bara xypanfl esjvrrax a)kjibm flbiiafl awnrjiarflab.bamflan xsflnpirasp 33flp33 TYB3T3H 6o/lOBM 6yX y/c OpOH Mp33fly^ X3Tfl33 3eBUJMnfl Xyp3X3fl BeHMMH TyHxar ^SBUMJTTSM yypsr ryiiu3tr3c3h KM. TyyHHroH OJOH yncbih HHMrsMjisr flanap xynum spxniir spxsunsh xentcyynsx rym/ibapram BeHMMH TyHxar roflopxoiijdk, ryyhfl ync ophyyfl, YHASCTHHH xmsrssfl opoh 6yxMfi n xynmmr raran oponuyy/iw, cana/i COJMJUOX, Tejieejiex, UJMH3 rorrormoor 6ypAyy/i3X3/t Tyjixsq 6onos. spxhmh acyyanbir HsrflcaH YHASCTHMM 6aiiryy/inara tmmhxyy OHL^JOH aes Y33Xfl33 xyhmm spxmmh 6yxnM ji Tanbir xawapcah xyynb, spx ayiih yh^sc cyypb 6ypAYYn3XHtir MyxanMHncan 6aMHa.TyxaMn6an, anus xymyyh XYHMM ecoop aw, repexefl 3aMJi6apryM nyxan, XYHMM repe/ix wen ManapraM xycih xor6ootom acyyanbir TycracaH XYHMM SPXMMH 1948 OHW Tyr33M3n Tynxaraac SXHSSA XYHVM spxmmh ryxaii xyyjib symh 6apMMT 6MMryyAHiir OHOH yncbih spx aymh ryyx3ha ahx TYPYY SonoBCpyynaH A3BiuYY nc3h K)M - XYHMM spx, nsryyp spx neneer A33AJ13X Hb 6ne xyh XMMrssfl HMMrMMMH rmluyyammh xybbfl otoyh 6M/i3r, asbnac naflsapaa xenkyy- n3x > ^OJOMDK naflabxma HSSH flamnnax nyxasi nexuen 6o/iflor 6nn33, HsrAcsH YHA3CTHMM XyHMw 3pxMMH TspryY-fisx 6aiiryyjijiara 6on XYHMM SpXMMH KOMMCC (OM.XyHMM 3pXMMH 3J1 KOMUCC XyHHM 3pXT3M XOJl6oO 6yXMM acyyflnaap canaa 6oflon, flyy xoonomroo MnspxMMnflsr aacrmmh raaap 6aiiryyjiJiara K>M. XYHMM OPXMMH TyrssMan TynxarMMr Sar/iaMWMJicHaac XOMLUXM xyrauaaha spxmmh TyxaiiA OJCOH amwm/itbir yh3n>k usrnsx, ry/irapah 6yM 63pxni33n, AaeaH ryynax apra aambir TOAOpxoiinox aopunroop ASJXMMH ASSA Myynran aapnah xypanflyynaxaap EPOHXMM AccaM6/ieM 1989 OHA aimmflb3pri3c3h 6n/i33.YyH33C OMHO XYHMM SPXMMH flash AsnxMMH X3MW33HMM HyynraH TerepaH XOTHOO 1968 OHA 6oncoH KM. XYHMM SPXMMH TyrssMS/i Tynxar XYHMH rere/iflep 6oncHooc xyraqaaha epheceh SAHMH sacar, HMMTMMMH xenkun, SHXMMH 3M>KMX3fl HMrn3C3H 6oflnoro, xeren6ept3m XY acyyanbir HSH AapyM yn/iflyy/iax Hb nyxan XSMSSH onon y/icbih xawrbin XYCSH maapaax 6oncHbir xapranaan flsnxmmh Bara xypnbir TMMHXYY xoep flaxb yaaaraa aap/ian xypa/iflyyuab. 3ns SYXSH Hb OJOH y/icbin xawrbm HMiirsMJiar xyhmm spxmmh acyyanaap sebium/ifl xypn, BSHMMH 6ara xypnbih y33n canaa, ASBLUYY^CSH aopmjitbir yun a>kmnnaraahaaa wepanere 6o/iroxbiH sxjisn 6oncoH 6M/133.

23 r i i i i i i i i i i i i i i THE HUMAN RGHT; COflfFEfiEJ The World Conference on Human Rights was a milestone for the United Nations system for reviewing the status and progress made in the area of human rights. During the Conference, representatives from 171 nations adopted the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. The Declaration and the Programme of Action outline a common plan for implementing human rights and highlight the crucial links between development, democracy and the promotion of human rights. Preparations for the Conference revealed the complexity of human rights issues within the international community..however, the Vienna Declaration signalled that the participants had achieved a wide-ranging consensus about human rights. The Vienna Declaration provides the international community with a framework for planning, dialogue and co-operation: a holistic approach to promote human rights that involves international, national and local actors. The United Nations has been addressing human rights issues by creating a comprehensive body of human rights legislation. Starting with the unprecedented 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the United Nations formally articulated that human rights are inherent in our nature and without them we cannot live fully as human beings. These rights and fundamental freedoms allow us to develop and enjoy our intelligence, our talents, our conscience, our spirituality, and other needs as individuals and members of society. The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights was established as the main human rights organ of the United Nations. t is the intergovernmental body and human rights organisation where member states voice concerns on human rights issues. n 1989, the General Assembly called a world meeting to review progress made in the field of human rights since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and to identify obstacles to extending human rights and the ways that these obstacles might be overcome. The first global meeting on human rights occurred in Tehran in The call for a second world conference reflected the international community's overwhelming desire to integrate human rights into policies and programmes promoting economic and social development, democratic structures and peacekeeping and peacemaking efforts. n this regard, the Vienna Conference-and its follow-up- reflects a consensus reached by the international community on human rights issues.

24 n XyHtiu YncMMH xetqiieepm/ir Monmn ync MGPfinere Eonrow BYftHb BOflnoro, xeiejieep XYHMM spxmmr spxsmnsn Tywn6apTaM xedkyy/iaxafl Monron yncbih SacrnflH raaap OHHTOM anxaap4 upas. Monron yncbih Hx Xypan 1992 OHA coepxoh 6aiancan YHflcaH xyynmhfl onoh yncbih X3M>K33Hfl XYHWM spxmmh ranaap SapHMia/iflar X3M XSMHOSF TycracaH Hb rye yncafl XYHMM apxwmr flss/yish xenkyynaxhmh yr cypban>k Concon K>M. TyyH'HJiaH XYHMM SPXMMH ryxatf onoh yncbih 29 repsshfl Monron ync H3ffl3>K, xyhmm spxiimh OJOH yncbih spx ayiih 6apnMT 6MHryyAMiir VncbiH MX Xypan coepxoh 6ai/iaM)KMncaH 6nn33. fl3jixnmh 6ara xypnaac flseiiiyyiicsh aopn/ir, axvtn YMJCMMH xerergephmr SacrniiH raaap yflnpflnara SonroH xyhmm spxnwr fl33fl/i3h xenkyynsxumr XMH33HryiiJi3H 3pM3H33>K SyiiH M/ips/i Hb XyyxflntiH Tanaap aeax apra X3M>K33, SMsrreMHYYflMMH XenxniiMH Te/iesnerea 6onon MoHron yncun a»nn yiinc - 21 AYrssp syyn X3M33X XeraoiMMH XeienSepufir coepxon Sara/icaH flbflan MeH 6onofi. XYHMM spxmmr ryxavinah spxsnflsr an6ah eafiryynnara xapaaxan 6aMxrYM rsnsa H MoHron yncafl 3^ acyyflnaapx Soflnorbir 6apb>K Gatiflar fl33fl Bafiryynnara Hb y/icbih Hx XypnuH XYHMM SPXMMH flsfl xopoo row. MOHTOJ yncafl XYHMM spxufir xamraanah Tynfl XYHMM spxmmh YnflacHMM KOMMCC Safiryy/iax Tyxafi y33>k 6aMHa, XGT9J159P, OJ10J1T AVDK/J1T XYHUM 3pxMMH TyrssMsn TynxarMMH 50 >KM;MMH oiir flanxnm flanap T3Mfl3rn3X3fl xysb HSMpss opyynaxbih yhmp ispxyy owfl 63mr3H TSMflsrnsx YnflscHMM SoxMMyynax Xopoo OJOH 4yxan acyyflan 6yxMM xeren6ep SonoBcpyynaH 1997 OHH rypaeflyraap capfl BarnaH rapracan OM. TapXYY xopoor Xyynb ayiih cawflaap axnyynan rahxmmbm flop a>kwnnyynab. Owr T3Mfl3rnsx xerensepy XYHMM spxmmh csflssap Mmran Canirax, X3BH3H HMMTJiax, opoh flaflap 6YXMM ojiohfl TaHMynax, 6ara xypan, cemmhap SOXMOH SaPiryynax, Tycraii 6onon epenxnii SonoBcponbiH flyhfl cypryynmmh cyparmflafl XYHMM 3pxMMH acyyflnaap M3flnsr onrox cypranibin xeten6ep 6o;ioBcpyynax, MSH sn acyyfl/iaap paflmo, Tenesnassp onon TYMHMMT xawapcah TaHMynra, HSBTPYY/SF XMMX, ypanflaah sapnan fly rh3x sspsr onoh TepnMMH a>kmn y^nc lycrarflcan 6aMHa. 3nfl eryynsh 6yPi XYY X3 fl. 3M3rr3M'HYYflMMH GOJOH TaxMp flyryy MprsflMMH ranaapasax apra XSWKSSHMM yhflschhii TenesrereeHfl 3aacaH4Mnan Monron yncafl xyniw spxmmr xawraanah xenkyynsx ranaap MonronbiH SacrMMH raaap 6ycafl 6aMryynnaraTaM xamipan yi3m>k XMH33n 3YTrsn rapra>k Mp3B. TyxaMn6an, HsrflcsH YHASCTHMM BaMryynnarbm XYHMM Spxufin flssfl KoMMccapun / HYB X3flK / TGXHMK TycnaM)KMMH flanrspshpym xeien6ep cahaa^na*, TyyHfl33 XYHMM apxmmh YhflSCHMM SaMryynnara 6iiM 6onrox, 3pYYrwiiH xyynnmh an aflnyyisx 6oflnorofl eephnem opyynax, TSMT xspr33c ypbflhmnah csprmmnax, ujyyrhflmpth ec SYMH yyxam xyynb SonoBcpyynax, T3flHMM xapaar 6yc 6aiiflnbir Saiarrax sspsr onon acyyflan iycra>k33. HsrflcsH YnflsciHMM TorrormooHfl Sarrflar 6aMryynnaryyflTaii MonronbiH sacrmmh raaap 1998 onfl rapbin year sypcan XYHMM SPXMMH 3eBLUMn4n.MMH Tynxar 6MHMrr Monron yncafl xyhmm spxmmh ranaap X3p3r>KYY n 3X TOflopxoM a»mn YMncMMr HYB-bin reneenum raapyyfl fl3mwmh3 HoinoB.

25 r i i i i i i i MONGOLA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTON POLCY AND ACTON PLANS The Government of Mongolia made considerable effort to protect and promote the human rights of its citizens. n 1992, the Mongolian Parliament demonstrated its commitment by writing international human rights standards into Mongolia's new constitution. Since then, both Parliament and the executive branch of Mongolia's government have ratified 29 international treaties on human rights. The government's commitment to human rights is further embodied in action plans adopted to follow-up recent global conferences: the Action Plan for Children, Advancement of Women, and the Mongolian Action Plan for the 21 st Century among others. n the absence of a formal human rights institution, the Parliamentary Sub-committee for Human Rights directs Mongolia's response to issues related to human rights. A draft law for the establishment of a National Commission for Human Rights is currently under review to further promote and protect human rights in Mongolia. i i i i i i i Government's Efforts to Achieve Human Rights PROGRAMMES AND ACHEVEMENTS n March 1997, a multi-sectoral programme was adopted by the National Coordinating Committee on the Commemoration of the 50" 1 anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a national contribution to ttie world-wide celebration of the jubilee. Under the lead of the Ministry of Justice, the Cabinet set up the Committee. The Committee's programme includes a range of activities: 1) preparation, publication, and dissemination of a nation-wide series of lectures on human rights; 2) development of human rights curricula for tertiary and secondary educational institutions; 3) training of trainers on human rights; and 4) contests and awareness-raising programmes on radio and TV. Under the National Plan of Action on Children, Women, Disabled and others, the Government of Mongolia, in cooperation with external agencies, has undertaken to protect and promote human rights in Mongolia. A comprehensive programme of technical assistance was initiated, with support from the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCHR), to implement policies in the field of human rights, including the establishment of a national institution, revision of prison and criminal justice legislation, and development of a code of ethics for the judiciary and a strengthening of their independence. ii V

26 fl-f n Xytwu OAOAR) re/iee SacrniiH raapaac xspsftxyy/dk 6yfi 6yxnki n awmi fl3m>kmx3fl HYB-wH flssfl KOMUccap rojijiox YYP 3r rymlisirsflar 6ereefl YHASCTHMM TononqooHfl 6ariflar Sycafl Gafiryynnaryyfl Y H fl 3CH MM spx nenee, HMMPMMMH H3H xypt33m>kmt YMnHMiirss 6onoH sflyypaji, XYMCHMH 6aiiflan, TSHSMSJ xyyxsfl, flox sspsr acyyflnaap rye SypuwH sqpmiro numsn, 3px XSVOKSSHMM xypsshfl aacrupjh raapurflsmjkmhxamipan a>knnnaflar (OM. xyhmm naryyp spx, 'apx nenee, apflhunanbih renee a)knn y i/ic 3MH6CTM WHTepHSUJHn, 'MOHFonblH H33HTT3M HMMF3M Xyp33J13H 33p3F TepMMH 6yC X3fl3ri 6aMryynnafa MoHronfl SUM 6on>K, 3H3 6yxsH Hb apflmiinanbir 6aiaTrax, XYHUM TorTBOprofi xedknutir xanrax yfin xspn/wr XYHMM spxisti HHFT ynnflyynah Hsrflwsn qoai acyyflan 6onroH T3Bb>K, xspsdkyynsx Ta/iaap 3acrnMH raspaac' HsyynaH 6yti XM433HryM 6arra>K Sawraa KJM. XYHMM spxnwr xawraanah xedkyynsx ymncflsa MOHFOJ OJ>K 6yPi am>knritbir apflnnncah HMMPMSS xenkyynsxmmh renee XMM>K 6yCi a»<mn ywncumh yp AYHTSM xamiairah YHSHJK LSFHSX Hb SOXMCT HMMLSX 6yu aa. oncoh am*mnt, xypcsh yp'flyh 4aM/iaxaapryM 6onoBH HMMTSM - 3flMMH raaryki Hexqen 6aMflnbm ypiunraap xyn ambih SOHXM OJOHX, Tyxawn6an aflyyc, xynfl 6spx axypi nexqenfl a>k rep>k 6aMraa xyyxsfl, 3M3rT3MMYYfl M^H TOO ynam HSMsrflcssp 6atiraa Hb XYHMM spxumh ryxatifl canaa CSTTS/ SOBOOCOH acyyflan 6onoofl 6aMHa.

27 T UN support to Human Rights Signed in 1998 between the Mongolian government and the UN system, the Memorandum of Understanding on Human Rights lists specific activities supported by UN agencies in relation to human rights in Mongolia. The UNHCHR plays a key role in supporting the government's democratisation efforts. Following their individual mandates, other UN agencies have been collectively supporting the government on human rights with particular focus on poverty, basic social services gender street children, and HV/ADS. A/ 'n addition, several NGOs, including Amnesty nternational and the Mongolian N(jO Support to Foundation for Open Society (Soros), have been established in Mongolia and are advisin 9 Mongolia in the areas of human rights, fundamental freedoms and democratisation. Achievements and Future Challenges These activities pertain to Mongolia's efforts to link the full range of human rights to sustainable human development and the consolidation of democracy. Mongolia's achievement in promoting and protecting human rights can be consolidated in a number of areas, particularly in promoting a democratic society. However, further efforts are required to overcome the adverse socio-economic conditions affecting the basic human rights of vulnerable groups, particularly poor, women, and children SW^'^Hr;

28 n Baraxypan: An6aH6ycH3p: SacmuHraaap: OponupoH 3acrnHHra3pyyfl: Bara xypnuh EpewnH HapHHH 6nHmiiHflapra : SOXHOH oattryyncah : OpomicoHTEE: 3H6apnMr6nHnr: Mepgnere 6onrox apra 33M: 9w Hex Bara xypan: Conference: nformal Name: Host Government: Government Participation: Conference Secretary General: Organiser: Principal themes: NGO presence: Resulting documents: Follow-up mechanisms: 3PXWWH SAW XyHMvi 3pxkMH flanxkmh Bara xypan BeHa, 1993 OHbiaypraflyraap cap, XyHiifi 3pxniiH Bara xypan Ascipvi 171 HoeH H6paxMMa Oann, EpeHxnii HapntiH 6kwrviiiH flaprtih Tycnann, Xynnvi 3pxntiH TeB/ Bara xypnbin HapbiH 6MMmCiH Aapra Hapbinraaap/ XYHUM SpxuMrxawraanaH xerkvynsxyvi TepniiH 6yc 800 napyi/i 6aiiryymara BeHiifiH Tynxar, Awnn YMDCMMH XerenSep XyHufi spxniih KOMMCC, TYYHMM flsfl KOMUccyyfl: Tapryyrox KDMWxap /XyHnti 3pxnKH res, XyHnii SpxuMH xsnanl(33p MSflaonnnMH an6afl: Tycnafi CypBarDKnamnn: cratycbih KOMMCC XYHMM apxumh OJTOH yna>\h Bara xypan TerepaH,MpaH,1968oH The Human Rights Conference World Conference on Human Rights. Vienna, June 1993 The Human Rights Conference Austria 171 Mr. brahima Fall, Assistant Secretary General, Human Rights Centre for Human Rights (Conference Secretariat) The promotion and protection of human rights More than 800 non governmental organisations The Vienna Declaration and Programme-of Action Commission on Human Rights and its sub commissions; High Commissioner Centre for Human Rights; Human Rights Treaty monitoring bodies; Special Reporters; Commission on the Status of Women Previous Conference: nternational Conference on Human Rights. Tehran, ran,

29 POPULATON

30 XYH AMblH BAM WPAH Onon yncbih xamfbih a^nnnaraahbi xahanarur TOAopxoiinox uiamraah SYPACSH TyyxaH nar yea XYH aw, XerjK/iMHH acyyaan xs/isnqcsh OnoH y/icbih 6ara xypan OHA nyy/ican 6nn33. flsnxhhh eceh xenkmik 6yii XYH aw, xypsa/ian 6yii 6aiiranb opmhbi awihh uiyraimssr cahiap ownroh yxaapchbi YHACSH A33P XyH ambih acyyflnaap 30xn'cT HHHUC3H Boflfioro, xeton6ep 6onoBcpyynaH 6arnax Hb yhsxssp rynramacah Myxa'n acyyaan Bonoofl 6a(tcaH yea 6ara xypan BO/COH low, XYH amwh Tyxaii acyyaan ByxapecTHiiH / / 6onoH MexMKorMMH / /xoep 6ara xyp/ibih yp A/H, onon yncbih XHtiresA ync yhflscthmm X3MW33HA xyh awbih acyya/iaap fl3biuyync3h uiaapajiarafl rynryypnah SHS yaaarmmh OnoH yncbih 6ara xyp/ibir sapnan B. AiicyM 20 WH/MHH xyrayaaha xyn aw, XSDWMMH acyyajiaap onoh ync 6onoH ync YHASCTHHM xypasha XMHK Syrssx aximn yiinchvih MepwiiH xeten6epmmr xansnush GainaxaA Sara xypnbm ron sopunro, BM xon6oraon opmnw Saiis. XeTen6epi xyh BMA xawaapax anub acyyanbir ujniiab3pn3x3a HumscsH onoh SLUT sopunibir ToflopxotincoH WM. XyH ambih Tanaapx ryjiramacah acyyaan Hb sesxen xyn ambih ecejitmmf caapyynax reflmiireep LJMHABSP/SX apraryfi 6ereeA apsrrsm, SMSTSMHYYAHMH spx isruj 6yc 6aiiAnbir apmnrax, fla/ypibir 6yypyynax, SAHMH 3acrniiH xenkyynsx, 6a(iranb ophhbir xamraanaxran HHT yhnaaaraii acyyaan MBH SonoxbirBara xypa/ia oponi<or4ma xynssh sabiiieepeb. XyH awi, XODWMMH TynraMflcaH acyyanbir ujmhab3pn3xa33 SArasp acyyflnbir mun canahfmfl asn y33x apraryii 6nn33. Awwn YMHCMMH XeianBep Aop AVPbAcan YHACSH acyyanaac 6ypA3* 6aiiHa. YyHA : Tsp 6yn TeneBnenTHHr 2015 OH T3X3A 6yx HMHTSA xauiaapyynax; TorrBopioM xerwhntsfi xonfioo 6yxnii 6yx 6oAJioro, xerenfiepi xyn ambih acyyanwr rycrax; 3M3iT3MHyyA, OXHAOA 6onoBcpon onrox.spyyn M3Hflnnr Hb CBXMH xauraanax, ax<nn xoaeflwep spxnsx xypt33m)kt3m BonoM* BypAyynsx samaap SAJSX spxniir Hb eprerrex. AMO/J1YMJ1CMMH XeTBJEeP/li/ir MOHFO/YJ1C Mepfl/iere Bonro>K BY/ Hb BOflJlOfO, X8T8J1B0P Bara xypanfl SsnirsH yrrax mu,af\ MoHron yncbih 3acrnfiH rasap Xyn am. C3flB33p AsrirspaHryM unirsn 6onoBcpyyn>K, TyyHfl33 OXMYYAH/H apyyji M3Hfl, rsp 6\n TenesneriT, XYH BMWH L(3B3p eceniniir / wnnfl 1,8 xyanac ftooiury^ / OHL\TOM ahxaapax yhnpraii Myxan acyyflan XSMSSH ysflarss HOT/OB. faaap Hyiar yyaam flsnrap, xyn am cmkipsr MoHron yncbih xyh ambih 6oflnorofl xedknumh naflam>knfir xapranacan xyn amaa ecrex 6oflnorbir rapryyh SafipaHfl rasbw upcan 6mi33. OnoH xyy* 3 fl TepYY/i>K ecreceh sxmyyamiir "3xwviH anflap" oflohroop xexyyfisn uuarhaflar ynawxaianwr Tep, aacar ecmnon BapuMiancaap BaPiraa Hb XYH awbin ecemnmr ypamiuyy^iax Hsrsn SYMnnMH Soflnoro MGH SonoPi. T3pxyY UnrrsnA MoHron yncun xyn aw Gonon HuCiraM SAHMH sacrnwh xenkrmiir T3HL(B3p>KYYn3H TorBopwyynaxaA HurnscsH XYH ambih acyyanaapx awnri ymncupth YHASCHMM Tenesriereer 6arraacaH GaPina. Xyn ambih ece/itmwh xypflaac SAMMH sacar. xanramwhmh yfijthmirsshmfi XSOKMH xonporflohrym 6aPiraar oiinrochbi Teneenecen a>k33. MyxaM sn y^paac a»nn 1 R

31 THE POPULATON CONFERENCE The 1994 nternational Conference on Population and Development was a defining moment in the history of international cooperation. Recognising the impact of global population growth on development and the environment, the Conference participants seized the opportunity to adopt suitable policies and programmes on population. The Conference followed and built upon two earlier population conferences held in Bucharest (1974) and Mexico (1984), as well as upon other past international and national initiatives on population issues. The highlight of the Conference was. the adoption of the Programme of Action that guides national and international programmes on population and development for the next 20 years. Member states recognised that challenges associated to population patterns had to account for broad social problems, including gender inequality, poverty, economic progress, and environmental protection. The resulting Programme of Action sanctioned a comprehensive and cross-sectoral approach to tackle issues related to population growth. The three pillars of the Programme of Action are: Universal access to family planning by year 2015; ntegration of population concerns in all policies and programmes related to sustainable development; Empowerment of women and girls through expanded access to education, health ser vices, and employment. MONGOLA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTON POLCY AND ACTON PLANS As a prelude to the Conference, the Government of Mongolia developed a comprehensive Country Report on Population and Development that reaffirms its commitment to maternal health, family planning, and natural population growth (minimum 1.8 percent per annum). However, Mongolia tackles the problem of growth differently than other nations. Considering the small size of Mongolia's population, the vastness of its territory, and the potential for development, the government has promoted a population growth policy. Traditionally the government has encouraged population growth by providing the Glory Award for Mothers for women with a large number of offspring. i National Population Action Plan The Country Report also included a National Population Action Plan for the future that seeks to balance population and socio-economic development in Mongolia. t was based on the understanding that economic growth and expansion of social services lagged behind population growth. Within the framework of the Action Plan, the government committed itself to implement several sub-programmes to improve public health and education, to support youth, to increase employment opportunities, to ensure food security and housing and to enhance population distribution and migration. vtet&i

32 f] Topt/OH TerteBnereeHMM xypssha 6yx HMMTMMH apyyn MSHA, Sonoacpon, aanyy yeijmr xanaiwtoiah flsmwmx, xeflenwep spxriam, XYHCHMM aioynrym 6aMAa.n, opoh cyyqhbi cafwpyynax, xyn SMWH 6aMpmnn, ainrdkmni xefle^reehmmr 3oxm yy/iax aspar nsrsn aflun x3p3dkyy ri3xl r sacrnvth' raaap 3opnm Bonron YricbiH Hx Xypnbm rmuiyya 1996 OHA canaahiinah flsbiuyyncsh XyH. amnh Sofl/iorofl XyH ambih ranaap xspsdxyynsx ax<nn YMJCMMH Teneenereer H3r3H xawaapyyucah 6aiiHa.YHfl3CHMM Bofliiorofl Kiynb; OMHS XYH ambih ecem, 3AwiiH sacar, HMfirMMMH YM/THM/irasHHM xerw/immh TOHUBspr xapbqaa 6nPi 6ojiroxbir HyxannHJias. TYYHHHSH HMPirMMMH 3M33r flaexpara, ryxamnsan ecsep aanyy YBUMNXSH, ehflep HaciaH, raxnp flyiyy uprsfl, Hflyyc, XflXB/flOX -bm xanflsap aecah xywyycr anxaap/iaa xahflyyncan 6a«Ha. HexeH YP*MXYiHr soxi^yynax, SPYY^ NOHAMMH YwnMunrssr HexeH YPWMXYMH 3pYyn MSHflnPiH CrpaTernfir 6onoBCpyy/ias. XBTejlBOP, OJ10J1T AVDKUJ1T Baczu&H &3MXA3Z Xyn ambih YHflscHuPi TenesnereeHnPi xypsshfl xapsravyjisx xoep 4yxar xeiendepuwr f sacrmmh raaap 6onoecpyynaH raprae. YYHfl: HexeH YPWMXYMH 3pYYfi MSHAMMH Yflscnuvi X0Ten6ep / 1997 /.Sceep yenmhxhum SPYY MSHAMMH YHA3CHMM Xeren6ep WM. XYH awbih BoAJiorur xspsrwyyisxsa nurnscsh awnn ymncumr A3MWMH ujyypxaw apra X3M>K33 aeaxafl aopny/wk xepenre xysaapunah cahxyy^yynsxsa sacrnpth rasap HSJSSA 3YTrsn raprah amwuny onoe. SesxeH spyy^ MOHAMMH xeten6epn ir SacrMMH raapaac OHA yncun TecBuPiH 10 OPHMM xyebiam T3HL(3X X3MJK33HMM XepeHfe M6Hr0 XYH ambih Bara xypnaac AOBUYYUCSH aopunibir xspankyynsxsa MurnscsH 3acrniiiH raspbih YMJ awnn/iaraar ASMJKMH cahxyy>kyyji3rm Hb HSFACSH YHflscTHnPi TOTQ/HOOHA 6ariAar Monron Aaxb HYB XAC - UH reneenen-ii'imh raaap OM. TyyHMnsH Hexen MSHA, XflXB/flOX - WH ranaap MVM. 6yti aww/i ywncafl HYB-biH 6aiiryyfinara, fl3mb, HYB-biH XentainiiH XeTen6epMMH / HYB XX / rasap MA3BXT3M oponqcoop Mpnss. XYH am, xenxjimmh ra/iaap xapshkyy^* 6yft apra x3m«33r 'BaHK, ASMMH XeDKnuwH BaHK 6onoH >KAklKA sspsr 6aiiryyn/inara, rycancaap upss. SanyynyyAbm acyya/iaap 6onoH B3X8/ flox- UH ranaapx caham>k 6n4Hr, 3eBLunni^niii/iH TyHxarr MonronuH sacmiih rasapraw HYB - WH TeneeHMM raspyya rapwn ycsr aypcah Hb MoHrojibin XYH ambih HexeH aanyynyyabih spyyn MSHA, B3X9/flOX - bin ranaap XMM>K 6yPi a>kmn ysyyisx nyxar xeiuyyp 31 " Son* 6aiiHa. MoHron yncafl OHA X3p3DKYY^3>o 3 P HYB XAC -aac xeren6epmmh sopunro Hb Xyn awbin flsnxumh Bara xypnbih UJUMABSP, Xyn amwh ranaap rye yncaa SapuMTnan xspsrtkyyn* 6yPi aopunnopi Bypsn HMMLS* Sawraa TeAHMryfi, TSflrsspi Tynryypnacan KDM. XYH awbin HSH TynraMAcaH YHACSH 3 acyyanur LUMMABspnsx ranaap MonronbiH aacrmmh raaap, TepniiH 6yc 6ai/iryynnaryyA xspsrwyv 1 * 6yPi a>knn yv\ncmr HYB XAC ASMWHH cahxyywyynw 6aMHa. Yynfl: 1/ XYH am, XerwnnviH CTpaiern, 21 HexeH YP>KMXYMH spyy^i MSHA, 3/ Xawraanaxyii sflrssp 6onHO.Tyxavin6an, HYB XAC A3MWC3H Gcsep YentiHXHMM 6onoH HexeH ypwuxymh apyyn MSHAMMH recen Hb rye yncbih xyn am, MpssAY^H repx Te/iesuPir TOAopxoMnox aanyynyyabih nexen SsnrnMH xapuni^aanbi XYMYY^MJA SY'PSH Hurnsw 6aPiHa.

33 1 National Population Policy n 1996, with active support from the Parliament, Mongolia reconciled the National Population Action Plan to the National Population Policy. The Population Policy aims to balance slow population growth to economic development and social services. The policy also pays particular attention to the vulnerable groups, including youth, elderly, disabled persons, the poor and those with HV/ADS. To strengthen and coordinate the programmes related to reproductive health, the government has also adopted the Reproductive Health Strategy. PROGRAMMES AND ACHEVEMENTS Government Programmes on Population The government has promptly funded and implemented activities based on the Population Policy. Between 1993 and 1997, about 10 percent of the total government budget has been annually allocated to health programmes. Based on the Population Policy, the government has developed the National Reproductive Health Programme (1997) and the National Programme on Adolescent Health (1998). Under the United Nations system, the UNFPA country office in Mongolia is tne main funding agency supporting government efforts to implement Population Conference recommendations. UNCEF, WHO, and UNDP have also been actively engaged in reproductive health, including HV/ADS issues. The World Bank, Asian Development Bank, JCA, and the GTZ are other key donors in the health and population area. The recently signed Memoranda of Understanding on both HV/ADS and Youth ssues between the Government of Mongolia and the UN agencies are milestones of UN agencies' assistance on youth health, HV/ADS and reproductive health in Mongolia UNFPA Support to the Government The goals and objectives set forth in the UNFPA country programme of for Mongolia are based on the Programme of Action of the Population Conference and on the national priorities in the area of population. The UNFPA office funds and supports the Government of Mongolia, NGOs, and others to implement development strategies related to population, reproductive health, advocacy and education. For example, the UNFPA-supported Adolescent and Reproductive Health project focuses on reproductive health and sexuality education for youth, the very ones who will determine Mongolia's future population and development patterns. 4

34 Saza 6y8d maeux Xyn awbih xwmresfl HexeH yp^nxymh Tanaap xspsnkyynsx awnn ymncsfl MonronbiH TepMMH 6yc nsnssfl xaflsh 6aMryynnara opohuftor Bmiss.Taflrssp 6aMryynnara XYHCMMH 6onoH HexeH YPMHxyiw acyyfljiaap onoh TYMSHA Maflnar onrox, HSH anahryaa sn C3A3B Hurnanaap xefleernmh 3M3rT3MMyy,q, sanyy^yyflbm M3fl/i3rnPir axuynaxafl xnh33hrymn3h xynnh ayrrs^ 6aPiHa.MoHronbiH xyn aiuibih acyyflnaap cypranr neyynax, 6apmviT MSflasnsji Mymy'ynax, cyfla/iraa ujmhjkunras xuwxupir MYHC-MMH Cypranr cyflanraahbi xypssnsh TesnepYYnsH rymljsrre* SafiHa HYB XAC-biH opo^^oo aoxnqyynajittamraap XYH anibih Bara Xypnaac aopn/ibir wepfljiere 6o/iroH xspsnkyyisx, Msflssnsn.ryrssx 3acrnP)H raapbin ronnox 6aMryynnara 6on OPYYH MSHfl, HMfirMMMH XaMraannbiH FlaM OM. Xyn awbm Bara xypnaac flsbluyyncsh a*mn YM/CMMH XerenSepuPir wiepflnere gonroh cahaannah X3p3r«YYJn>K 6yPi a>xnbih aeii, YP AY Hr ToflopxoMJiox a'opmiroop HYB XAC-aac spxnsn 1998 OHA SacrnMH raspbm 6onoH TBB-yyqbiH flynfl acyynra 6\Mti cyfla/iraa XMMB. XYH amhh Bara xypnaac ADBUJYYJCSH aopunibir MoHron y/icafl xspxsn w 6aPiraa asl( 6aMflnbir TOflpyynaH M3fl3X sopmnroop HYB-aac canaan/iah 6yw " Hsr epteh^" iiybpa/ibin xypsanfl HYB XAC 6ycafl Sawryyji/iaraTaM xawipah MonronbiH ecaep aanyy yennhxhhm reneenerhmfl opont(coh Bara xypnbir 1998 ohfl aoxmoh 6aPiryynnaa. YYHMM caijyy sacrnpih raspyyflbin xgivi>k33hfl 1999 onfl XMMX33P TOB^OCOH CPD H3M3X 5 X3M33H HspnsH 6yM 4yynraHbi / Kartp XOTHOO 4yy/icaH XYH arwbih Bara xypnbin sopuntbir yflmpflnara 6onrocori/ Ssjmsnp, aopnyncan OJOH cansapbih 6apnivrr 6nHrnMr TOMMJOX, GapuMTwyynax a»oibir XyH ambih Bara xypnaac ASBUJYY^CSH aopuntbir xspsrmyynax ranaap MoHro/i yjic yhfl3chmmx33 x3m>k33hfl nxsaxsh xyhmh HapMaPijiT rapra>k 6yfi xsflmm 4 eheernfih 6aMflnaap TYYHUM yp fly H anar L(oor 6aMHa.TyxaMn6an, HnpaMH 3Hflsrfl3n OHfl MflHraH repent Tyrawfl 63-aac 40 xyprsn 6yypn Bara xypnaac 3H3 ranaap sopunrwr xspsnkyyncsh 6onosH sflnfin aacrupjh ujnn>knritmfth aeuafl amflan, SXMMH SHflsrflnnMH Y3YY J13JTr ypbflbihxaac ynani flopflcoop 6aiiHa XYH ambih acyyflnbih 6yx ranwr xawapcan Boflnoro SonoscpyynaH Mepflnere 6onro>K 6afiraa XSAMM H rynramflcan acyyflnyyfl 6aficaap Safina. YYHA: 1/ OpYyn MSHflniiH ytfnhmnrashhm Hanap nahcaar caw>kpyynax; 21 XyH am, Xer»oiMMH ynnflaa LUYT33ni(33HMPi ranaapx omnronibir HHMrMWMH 6yx 3/ XerwiniiH TeneBnenr.iuMMABSp rapraxaa xyn awbin XYHHH aymnnpir flwarr Tycrax, 6onoM>K HeequtiH xysaapnnantbir can6ap 6ypi HSMsrflYY^sx asflan nyxan 6onoofl 6aiiHa. TepuPiH an6ah 6oflnoro SonoBcpyynax spx an6an TyiuaanTHyyflbiH sn acyyflnaapx xamraanan 63XMO/Y13X, ToriBopwyynax a«nn Y^nciiMr- 6onrox, TYYHMHSH MonronbiH xeflee MSHAMMH Y^nHMnraar cati)kpyynax ranaap xomiiifloo unyy MX anxaapan XYM MapwatinT rasux luaapanararaii Sawna.

35 NGOSupport Monitoring Conference Goals Achievements and Future Challenges Several NGOs are tackling population and reproductive health issues by increasing citizens' knowledge on reproductive health and gender issues, particularly among rural women and youth. At the Mongolian National University, the Population Training and Research Centre is a focal point for training, research, and analysis of population-related issues in Mongolia The government agency responsible for following up and monitoring the goals set forth at the Population Conference is the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, in coordination with UNFPA. n 1998, UNFPA surveyed government agencies and NGOs to identify the progress and the status of initiatives taken after the Conference. n 1999, the One World Conference on Population and Development was successfully organised by UNFPA and other agencies to review the responses of Mongolia's youth to the Cairo Population Conference. Mongolia's sincere and serious efforts to create a functioning multi-sectoral approach on population and development issues have yielded mixed results. For example, the infant mortality rate has gone down from 63 to 40 per 1000 live births between 1990 and However, other data shows that maternal mortality rates and women's status particularly rural women have deteriorated in Mongolia during the economic transition. Adoption of a comprehensive population-policy has set Mongolia on the right path, but further efforts are required to deliver quality population and health services to Mongolia's rural and urban citizens. To this end, further efforts are required to: Develop the capacity of government officials and policy makers to work together to create and deliver sound policy and programmes; Strengthen advocacy activities on issues related to population; ncrease awareness among the citizens about the relationship between population and development; ntegrate population factors into development planning and decision making; ncrease resource allocation to the population and health of the rural sector. tr, 1 t >J \ -<,

36 XYH AM, X0HK/MWH O10H yncbih BAM WPAJ Bara xypan : A/i6aH 6yc Hap: y/icflaa xmmjirscsh 3f : Opo/iucoH 3acrnMH raaap Eara XypjibiH EPOHXMM HapniSn BMHTHMH flapra: 3oxnoH 6aiiryyjicaH : X3J13J1L4C3H C3fl3B : OponucoH TEE : H3BUYYJ1C3H 6apMMT Mepnere 6onrox apra, xewyypsr : 3MH8X Bara xypan : XYH aw, XerxoiMfiH Onon yncbih Bara xypan / XAXflBX/ KaPip, 1994 OHbi Ecflyreap cap XYH ambih Bara xypan Brunei 179 flp Hatpnc CaflMK, HYB XAC -bin f\\/lu l^^r^x Saxupan HYB XAC, HYB - UH SflMMH aacar, HuCirMMMH M3fl33H3n, Cyflanraanbi BoflnorbiH raspbih XYH ambih xanisc TorrBopioM xerxun.sflmmh sacrnwh TOrsoproM ecentmmr xyh ambin jycbm jyfifl Bara xypanraii 33p3ri(3H 6oncon TBB - HH 113 ync OHbi TepuMH 6yc 150 rapyw 6aMryynnarbm 4200 oponqcoh xeren6ep : XAXflBX-aac flssujyyncsh A>Knn YHflSCTHMM X3M)K33Hfl: XAXflBX-fl XyH 3MblH YHfl3CHHM 6oflnorbiH acyyflnaap MoHronbiH Tasbcan unrrsn / 1996 OH HYB - XYH awi, Xer^xnuviH KOMMCC, ACC-bm 6yx xypt33m>kt3m HMkirMMMH cyypb Byxapecr / 1974 /, MexMKO / 1984 / 6yx an6a NTERNATONAL CONFERENCE ON POPULATON AND DEVELOPMENT Conference: nformal Name: Host Government: Number of Government Participants Conference Secretary General: Organisers: Principle themes: NGOs presence: Resulting Document: Follow-up mechanism: Previous Conferences: nternational Conference on Population and Development (CPD) Cairo, 5-12 September 1994 The Population Conference Egypt 179 Dr. Safis Nadik, Executive Director, UNFPA UNFPA, The Population Division of the UN Department for Economic and Social nformation and Policy Analysis Population sustained economic growth, and sustainable development 4200 representatives of over 150 NGOs from 113 countries attended the independent NGO Forum held parallel to the official conference Global: Programme of Action of the CPD National:' Mongolia: Country Report to the CPD National Population Policy (1996) UN Commission on Population and Development; ACC Task Force on Basic Social Services to All (BSSA) Bucharest (1974) and Mexico City (1984)

37 -f SOCAL 1 (JJ^l

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39 THE SOCAL SUMMT The 1995 World Summit on Social Development is considered as a centrepiece among many UN Conferences that promoted integrated and multi-sectoral approaches to social development. The Summit participants focused on three key social problems: how to eradicate poverty, how to expand productive employment and reduce unemployment and how to promote social integration. Conference attendees recognised that national development programmes of recent decades had given priority to economic growth without considering the real and sometimes dire social impacts of economic development. The Summit intended to remedy this bias by advising that national development to strike a balance between economic and social development. At the conclusion of the Summit, the 186 member states of the UN endorsed the Copenhagen Declaration and Programme of Action, reflecting their commitment for people-centred development. The Declaration offered 10 commitments: Eradicate absolute poverty; Support full employment; Promote social integration based on the enhancement and protection of all human rights, Achieve equality and equity between women and men; Accelerate the development of Africa and the least developed countries; Ensure that structural adjustment programmes include social development goals; ncrease resources allocated for social development; Create an economic, political, social, cultural and legal environment that will enable people to achieve social development; Attain universal and equitable access to education and primary health care; Strengthen co-operation for social development through the UN system. MONGOLA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTON POLCY AND ACTON PLANS Mongolia's rapid transition to a market economy has been coupled with social degradation coming from increased poverty and unemployment. n 1994, a government survey found 26 percent of the population living below minimum standards; and thai the official unemployment rate had grown to 8.3 percent of the economically active population. Under the transition economy, significant economic stabilisation had been achieved by adopting a comprehensive macro-economic policy. However, neither equity concerns nor social development goals were adequately addressed by these economic policies. "",-, i <i»:; <> *' or r >~r ^ ' -

40 MoHron ync ssx SSSJMMH SAMMH sacrniw xapnnl(aaha UJMTOKHX \i\n HBirraM aflyypan, rasap asax aapar HUMrMMMH flopopiton flaexi(ah 6afiflaji xyhflapcah row. SacrwMH raspaac 1994 OHfl!1B yy jlcah cyflanraahbi AY Hr33C YSBSJ HMMT xyh BMUH 26 xybb Hb ambwwpraahbi floofl TyeLUHHraac flooryyp Hexiienfl amb syyw, xeflenmepniih naflsap 6yxnM xyh,3 xysb Hb a>xwi spxnssrymras an6ah ecoop Gyprrvynaafl Sawiaa. UUnnwunTHMH HBimaa 6yii 3flMMH sacrnkir Syxanfl xaiwapcah MaKpo sflmmh sacrnfih Soflnorur TOflopxoiinoH 6arnaM>KMncHaac XOMLU aflumh sacrnmh ToriBopMnnrofl M3fl3rfl3xyiiL( axm\ rapjiaa. TSBH 3flniiH sacrnpih ispxyy Soflnorofl wyflpara ecoh, HMMTMUMH xerwrimmh acyyflnbir 3oxncr rycraarym 6aMHa. XenKrwfiH flssfl MyynraHbi sopunibir Mepflnere 6onroH xspadkyyjnsx acyyflnur ronnoh spxsnaar Satiryynnara 6on Spyyn MsHfl, HMMFMMMH xamraannbih HaM OM. Tyc nam 1990 X3fl3H ohbi SXSH yesc sanyynyyfl, SMSTSMHYYA, SMSSF SynrnMNxaHfl xahflcah 6oflnoro Syxnti Hsnssfl X3fl3H 6apnMT 6nMnr SonoecpyyncaH OM. 0HrepceH xyrai(aahfl xyn awuh SOHOH HMMTMUMH flaairafl, xefle/imepupih 6onoH 6nenMH ramnp cnopibm Tyxatf Soflnoro, HuPirMMtiH xanam>kmmh ryxafi xyynb xyhmh rerenflep Bonos. Sflyrss xeflerimep spxrisninpir A3M>Knx ryxati spx aypih 6apnwT 6nHrnMr 6onoBcpyynaH Ssnrrsx ranaap HsnssA XSASH flaw xamipah axcunjiaw 6aPiHa. 3H3 6yx3H Hb HMMrMvwH xamraannbih 6aianraaT TonojiLioor 6ypAyyn3x, HufirMUMH SB Hflrrpanur SacrnPiH rasap ASM>KHH 6yw a>knn yfinc MSH 6onoM. X9T8J1EeP, OJO^T AVDKHJ1T cynbaah 6yii Hb 1990 XSASH OHH sxssp MHT ivisapsrflsh SAMMH aacar, acyyajibir xamiarracah xeten6ep canaahnax maapflnara 3acrnPiH rasapi Tynrapcan 6aiiHa X3A3H OHbl 3X33P SflMllH 33CrMMH UMnWMnTMMH HBL aa HMMfMUMH acyyahblf LLlMMflB3pn3XMpiH ryna HuMrMMtiH xedknumh AS^XUMH A33fl MyynraHbi emhe 6ytoy 1994 ohfl Hflyypnbir 6yypyynax YHASCHMM XeTen6epnkir 6onoscpyyncaH KDM. XYHUM xer>knmmh epreh 6apnMTna;ibiH YYAHSSC nayypjibih LuajniraaHA rspxyy xeren6ep xahaaxa M3HA, 6onoBcpon, smarrsmhyyah^h acyyaanfl HSHSH aann anxaapnaa xahayyncah AXUA HUU8MUUH X02XA/UH etcyydaaapxu XaHflnanarMAbiH sx cypbanxoac HGOL 6onow>K Aaii^nax, epreh xypssrsm recen anaahbi xyhflnpir Aanraapaa yypsxssc anb 6onox sawncxumh xamtpan a>kmn/iax. MTSBXTSM oponi4ox apra X3ii63p33p recnyyahmr xspsdkyynsxsa aw>kmnt on>k upss. fl33fl MyynraHaac a>knnrymfl3n, HMMrMMMH acyyafiaap ASBUYY/CSH aopunroa HMMLYYJSH MoHron yncaa 6yypyynax YHASCHMM XerenBep 6onoH SMsrraMHyyfl, XYYX3A, Taxnp flyryy rsx aspsr Y H flschmm 6ycaA ojioh x6ten6ep 6onoBcpyynaafl 6aMHa. Tsarssp xeten6epmmh yssn 6apnMTnan, cipaiernmr cawrap HarrnaH 6onoBcpyyncaH 6onoBH. ononx xeten6ep BypuPir Tecen XSPSDKYY^SX cahxyy>kmntmmh sx YYCBspryfirssp 3oxnorA>K33. CaHxyy>KMnT Sara sc 6ereec reces cahxyy>kmnt33p orr A3M>K33rYM ynpaac xete/i6ep xnsraapnarflman xypsshfl xarac AyTyy X3p3r>KM>K 6aMHa. MonronbiH HnwrMMMH xer>knmmh acyya/iaap HsrAcsn YHASCTHMM repen>kceh 6aiiryynjnaryyA 20 WMJUMH rypuj a>knnna>k npnss. HniirMMviH XerxoiMMH flssa MyynraHbi LUMMABSPHMT SacrnMH rasapraii HSFACSH YHASCTHMM TeneeHMM raspyya xawitaaa 6onoH Aanraapaa xamipan awnnna>k upss.?layypnbir 6yypyynax, XYHMM xeoxnumh Murnsnssp HYB XX; XyH aw, HexeH YP^nxyiiH spyyn MSHA, XyiicnCiH xerensep xdpsdxyynax nurnsnsap HYB XAC; XYYXfl^H 3PYY n M3 HA, xedkhmmh acyyanaap HY XB; XYHCHMM atoynryti Saiiflan, BaPiryynnara BonoBcpon, xywcuiih acyyflnaap OHECKO; SpyYfi Murnsnssp fl3mb a>knnna>k Byypyy/iax XeTen6epeec 3X/133A rasapraw flsnxupih BaHK, HYB XX rojih/ioh xamipah a>knnnaaar row. HniirsM,

41 nstitutional Arrangement A National Committee for Social Development was proposed after the Social Summit, but no official follow-up mechanism was developed in Mongolia. Currently proposed is an umbrella organisation under the Prime Minister's Office to coordinate and monitor multi-sectoral initiatives on social development and to follow up on the commitments made at various international conferences, including the Social Summit. The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare has been the agency responsible for issues related to the Social Summit. Since early 1990s, the Ministry has developed several social policy packages, with particular focus on youth, women and other vulnerable groups. The population policy, social insurance policy, social assistance law, labour policy, and sports and physical policy have been adopted. Currently, several ministries are jointly preparing for a national act on employment promotion. These policies commit the government to develop a social safety net and to promote social integration. PROGRAMMES AND ACHEVEMENTS Poverty Employment & Social ntegration UN Support for Social Development Even before the 1994 Summit, the Mongolian government recognised that the social erosion of the early 1990s required new programmes for social and economic development. Consequently, the government created the National Poverty Alleviation Programme to address the social dimensions of the economic transition. This programme aims to bring the poverty rate down to less than 10 percent by the year The programme addresses poverty from a human-development perspective, by focusing on employment, health, education and women. The programme has successfully mobilised resources from various donors and implemented comprehensive projects in a decentralised and participatory manner. To address the Summit's employment and social integration goals, the National Unemployment Reduction Programme and other national programmes to aid women, children and the disabled have been developed. However, good strategies and concepts require resources, and too many of these programmes were developed without budgets. Lacking adequate financial support, most of these programmes are implemented on a limited scale. The UN agencies have been working on social development in Mongolia for the past 20 years. n cooperation with the government, the followup actions to the Social Summit have been implemented by different UN agencies collectively and individually. UNDP concentrated its assistance in the area of human development and poverty alleviation; UNFPA in population, reproductive health, and gender programmes; UNCEF in child health and development; FAO in food security and control; UNESCO in education and gender; and WHO in health improvement. n partnership with the Mongolian government, the World Bank and UNDP Mongolia have helped to develop the National Poverty Alleviation Programme. Joint efforts and discussions continue among UN agencies and NGOs to support the development of a comprehensive socio-economic policy for Mongolia.

42 upri\ 6oflnoro 6onoBcpyynaxafl Hb SacrafiH rasapr fl3m>iai3r yayy/m acyyfl/ibir HYB-biH repe/wceh 6aiiryynnaryyfl TBB-yyfliafi xaivnpan flpwmaw 6aMHa. 20/20 HUMTMHMH xenkmn, flsbiunnpir ASMWMX sopunro 6yxnM TBE-yyfl MOHTOJA onhoop BafiryynarflaH ytin a»nnnaraa qsyynflar,om. Han anahryna xyfic SOJOH SManaiiHYYflMMH acyyanaap yiin a>knnnaraa nayynflar TBB-yyfl HMiirMMMH xentcnuiir A3M>KMX3fl Hnrn3C3H nfl3bxt3m ymfi awnnjiaraa HByynw SaPiHa. Taflrssp Saiiryy/inarbiH onohx Hb flflyypjibir Syypyynax, epxnwn opjnro HSMBrflyy/isx, spyyji MSHflMMH acyyflnaap xefleernfih ancnarflcah Hyrarr Gscpsr Tecen ryxapi MSflssnnnkir yp HeneeT3M, eree>kt3m 6onroxbm xedknupih 6arL( ysyynsnt 6yxnii TOO eyprrsnnmh MSflssnnnfiH 6onoBcpyynaxaap 3pyyn M3Hfl, HMMFMHMH xarnraannbih flaw. YhflscHM raaap xamtpah awn/i/iaw 6awHa. ^Ayypnbm 6aMflan, jyyhumr roflopxopinox apra sypi, yh3n>k flyrnsx aprur SacrnMH raaap flsnxumh BaHKHbi ASMHOisirsMresp SonoscpyynaB. fl33fl Myyjnranbi neqafl "CaHaannnra 20/20" XSMSSH rowbeoncoh 6apnMT Myy/iraHfl opo/momnfl coepxoh 6arancaH Suras. YyHfl xenkm* 6yPi ophyyflbih Hnw xedkunfl HUMT TycnaM>KMPiH 20 xybumr, HkiPirMMMH Haafl saxbm x3p3rl(33hfl HHMT sapflnbih 20 xyshmr rye rye sopnynax ryxaw rsp cainaahmnrafl TOMbeojicoH Sunss. MonronbiH SacrnMH rasap HUMT sapflnbihxaa 21.2 xyswcir, OROH yncbih rycnam>khmh HMMT cahxyy>kmntmmh 29 xyenfir HutirMMMH cansapr 1998 ohfl xysaapunah aapliyyncah Teces cahxyy>kmitmmh ynsm>k xscratir TMMHXYY 3opnyn>K Bafiraa GonosH nflyypan, awnnrykiflsn ecex xahflnararaw BaPiraa Hb HMMFSM cynbflax ypin flbq ypr3n>knnc33p Gafiraar xapyy/i>k 6afiHa. XysaapMnaH 6yw TeceB cahxyy^nntniir yp aujurram 3apqyyjn>K 6atiraa scsx Hb 4 recsn sprsnsssism 6aPiHa. HMMSSC CanBap xooponflbih 3OXMOH SakiryynanT, HUMTMMMH xerxointih caw>kpyynax; SOpMHTbir SflUMH BoflnoroToCi yanflyynax; MOHPOnblH capi>kpyynaxbih Sannar, Heeu,Mtir

43 ^ An increasing number of NGOs are established in Mongolia to support social devel- NGO SUPPOrt P merlt - NGOs concerned with gender and women's issues are most actively "" promoting social development in the country. Many are engaged in poverty alleviation, income generation and health advocacy. They also promote small-scale projects in Mongolia's remote rural areas. Monitoring Social Development 20/20 nitiative For effective policy development and monitoring issues related to social development, the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare and the National Statistical Office are strengthening social statistics. UN agencies in Mongolia have also begun to develop integrated social indicators relevant to Mongolia. n terms of poverty monitoring, the government, with support from the World Bank, has developed definitions and methods for assessing poverty in Mongolia. The Summit participants also endorsed the "20/20 nitiative". This formula was developed to ensure that 20 percent of overall development aid and 20 percent of national expenditures of the developing countries are earmarked for basic social needs. n Mongolia, it is estimated that 21.2 percent of the total government expenditures and 29 percent of the total international aid budget were allocated to the social sector in Mongolia has allocated many resources and made intense efforts to improve social development, but many indicators show continuous social deterioration. These declines have led some to question if the social budget is being allocated efficiently and effectively. Among others, future actions are required to: Strengthen multi-sectoral institutional structures and capacities for social development; ntegrate social development goals into economic policies; ncrease national ownership and resources to enhance Mongolia's social development.

44 R33R Earaxypan: An6aH6ycH3p: Hyranaa XHfinrecsH 3R EaraxypnbiHEpeHXHM lapmmh 6wrnMHflapra: 3oxnon 6aPiryyncaH: XanarmcsH ran csfpa: OpojiMCOHTBB: KonenrareH, 1995 OH3flyraapcap, 6-12 HOSH riayjib Hupyn PacwyocsH, flaw yncbh Epewow &Mf\ Bqqnoro aoxnqyynanr.tonboprom Xera<nnw AcyyAan spxancan 1 /Hqyypjibirapnnrax 5aMryynnarbiH 4500 ophhmieneanen open LCOH flanxniih xsuwsa^ :HnMrMnPiH XeoxnutiH TyHxar, A)«nn yvincmmh Xeranfep MonronbiH xybbff HnmniiH XeoxnufiH MyynraHflTaBbcaH Hmran Mepflnerefcnrox VDTTOJ vryw HMWTMUMH XenwiniiH KDMCC, ECOSOC BonoH EpeHXMM/to2H5neMH WORLD SUMMT FOR SOCAL DEVELOPMENT Conference: nformal Name: Host Country: Number of Government participating: President of the Conference: Organisers: Principal themes: NGO presence: Resulting Document: Follow-up mechanism: World Summit for Social Development Copenhagen, 6-12 march 1995 The Social Summit Denmark 186 Mr. Paul Nyrup Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark Social Summit Secretariat in the Department for Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development Social development, with three core issues: 1) Eradication of poverty, 2) Expansion of productive employment and reduction of unemployment, and 3) Social integration About 4500 NGO representatives attended the parallel NGO Forum, while 811 NGOs participated in the Social Summit itself Global: Copenhagen Declaration on Social Development and Programme of Action Mongolia:Country Report to the Summit for Social Development No follow-up reports Commission for Social Development, the ECOSOC and the General Assembly, and the UN nter-agency Task Forces

45 7 <ii

46 633)K/HrMMH BAffl XYPAfl E33WHHXOTVOO 1996oHflMyyncaH flanxuhh SMSTOHHYYAMMH V Eara xypan Hb ASHXHMH 3M3T3MHYYAHMH 3px TSFUJ, xerwin, xahrax UJMHS xeflenreehnii 6nnr3A3Ji BOJCOH K>M. Tyc 6ara xypa/ia HyyjicaH 189 ophbi TyHxar, cyypb DapuMibir coepxcoh 6nn33. TspxyY cyypb 6nHnrr HMtirsM, 3flniiH aacar, ync Tepfl oponqox TciqopxoM TaneanereenycrajKw. 3M3T3M, 3p3rT3HMYYfl M MHT3nil, 3M3fT3MHYYflHMH 6YP3H 3pXT 5aMflail Hb 36BX9H 3M3rraiiHYYflMMH acyyflan TOAMH 6yc, xapmh XYHMM spxntih acyyflnbih canniryii xscsrwen XSMSSX oiinrontflssp Bara xypan lynryypnacah row. 6ara xypan, HYB-aac cahaahwncah3rwrram4yyflmmh 10 JKW ( QSSJ-flflaBUJYYncsHsapHMyyflbiHeaTanraa Sonoe. Tsflresp apra XSUBKSSHYYAXYMC, OXMA 3M3rr3MMYYflniiHTanaapx YHflscHnii 6oflnoro,fl3nxnMH XYYXAHMH HyynraH, acyyflnyyflbirrycracah KM. 3flMMH3acar, yncrep, HMMFMUMH awbflpanbihtanaap ujumflesp rapraxafl smsrnsmhyyfl^mr M, MA3BXT3M opojiuoxoaymmph 6yii caafltorropbir apujiraxafltyjiryyp 6apHMT6nHnrfl3M 5oncoH 5aiina. onoh yjicbih XSM X3M)K», Mopflex CTanqapTbirH3TAC3H YhjflacmMM BafiryynnartiHTOUJYYHopHyyAxynssH aeeujeepceh 6nri33. 3M3rr3MHYYAMMH spx MSAHMMF AssujnyY/ox Hb HMMrsMTOFTBOpTOM, ujyaapra ecbir A33AH3H xen»«ynsap Hexuan M9H f3>k Y3C3H 6aMH3. EAPAXYPJlblH SOPMlTbir MOHFOJlfl wiepfl/iere BOJFOK EY/ Hb BOA/ioro, xerenedp mo AGO tome A fop lilnn>knntmmh aflmmh aacrnmh yefl Hflyypan raaap asn, apyyn M3Hfl, HMMFMUMH 3pc Myyflcan Hb oxufl, smammhyyahtih 6yp3H spxi Gafiflajifl HeneenceH OM. 3MsrT3M4YYAniiH CTaiycbir TOflopxoiinox, a>kmn YMJCMMH 6oflnoro, crparern SonoacpyynaH SMHS TaebcaH sopujirbir SYPSH XSPSDKYY/DK 6yPi Hb sacrum raapbin Y«n a»wnnaraa nar yes onw HnwuYYncsH YMHC OM. AJKW Y^ncMMH BsawwHrMMH rynryyp 6apMMT flssp YHflscnsH 3M3rr3M>HYYflMMH Tenee a>kmji ywricmmh YnflscHMM XeTen6epMMr MoHronuH SacrniiH rasap 1996 OHfl coepxon 6arnaB. HYB-bin XeDtoiniiH XeTen6epT3fi xamipan MoHro/ibiH SacrnwH raaap 1997 OHA XY^C, XYMCHMM acyyflanram xonsooiom Y33/1 6apMMTna/ibir sacrntih raapuh Boflnorofl HUM^YY^SX awiin xsprnwn fl33a X3M»33HMii yynsant SOXHOH OaiiryyncaH 6afiHa. H Teneef a*nn YM^CMMH YHASCHHM xerensepi Tanaap sacrnpih raspaac 6apnwinax CTparern, 12 Y3YY- n3 - nt. sopunr esneree rycracah raw. 3p3rr3M, SMSTSM xyn rsriu spx sflnahs recsh YHACSH 4

47 National Programme of Action for Women THE BEJNG WOMEN'S CONFERENCE Held in Beijing in 1996, the Fourth World Conference on Women represented a new movement for ensuring equality, development and peace for all women in the world. At the Conference, representatives from 189 countries adopted the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. This Platform offered a comprehensive plan of ac 1 - tion to enhance social, economical and political empowerment of women. The Conference was based on the understanding that advancement of women and the achievement of equality between men and women are a matter of human rights and a condition of human justice, and not to be seen as isolated women's issues. The Platform of Action reaffirms the principles set forth at the three earlier women's conferences and through the United Nations Decade for Women ( ), which stimulated the global women's movement. These events led to the incorporation and emphasis of gender, women, and girls' issues in national policies and at all subsequent world conferences: the Children's Summit, Earth Summit, Human Rights Summit among others., Recognising that deeply entrenched attitudes and practices lead to inequality and discrimination against women, the Platform of Action set an agenda to empower women around the globe. t aims to remove all barriers to women's active participation in all aspects of public and private life by promoting women's right to a full and equal share in economic, social, cultural and political decision-making. With the Beijing Declaration and the Platform of Action, UN members articulated a set of international norms and standards of equality between men and women. Empowerment of women was taken as the prerequisite for a sustainable, just and developed society. MONGOLA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTON POLCY AND ACTON PLANS Under the transition economy, the deteriorating status of women and girls was recognised as being caused by increased poverty and poor access to health and social services. t was imperative and timely for the government to assess the status of women, define policies and strategies for action on the basis of national consensus, and fully implement these policies. Using the Beijing Platform of Action as a guide, the Mongolian government endorsed the National Programme of Action for the Advancement of Women in n 1997, the government and UNDP Mongolia organised a high-level workshop to introduce the concept of gender and mainstream gender concerns into government policies. The National Programme of Action for the Advancement of Women outlines the government's strategies and programmes on women during the period of , with 12 clear indicators and targets. Based on the constitution that states that men and women enjoy equal rights, the National Programme aims to mobilise social resources to create equal opportunities for women to live in peace, to protect their health, to gain education and to participate fully in the political, economic and social spheres. n conformity with the Beijing Platform of Action, the National Programme identified ten critical areas of concern to the women of Mongolia: economic development, poverty, status of rural women, education, reproductive health, family, power and decision making, violence against women and human rights, national machinery for the advancement of women and the mass media.

48 maeax xyynmmh saaniafl YHflacnsH 6onoBCpyyncaH iyc xeien6ep Hb SMSTSMMYYA awap awranan ax. Tepex, TSAHMM spyyn MSHAMMF xawraanax, Sonoscpojibir flaaujnyy^ax, ync iep, aflnpih sacar, HMMFMMMH ambflpajifl isflhmmr eproh oponl(yynaxafl HUMFMUMH»ee\\ 6onoriL oor AaPinnax sopmit 33. Awnn YPincviPiH BsswHnrnPiH rynryyp 6apMMT 6nHrnPiH Aaryy SAMMH 3acrnPtH HAyypan, xefleernmh 3M3rr3M4YYA M MH SaPiflan, 6onoscpon, HexeH M3Hfl, rap 6yn, spx MSflsn, LUMMABSP rapranr, SMSTSMHYYAHPH acpsr spx, SMsrraPiHYYAnwH xentuihpih YHASCHMM wexahmsm, XSBJSJ acyya"antaii xon6ootom 10 nyxar cancapr p,3biu\/ync3h aopuni YHASCHMM xerensepr yycranaa oncoh B33>KHHrMMH Eara xypnbih Aapaa YHASCHMM xeieneepufih XSPSDKMJTSA xahanr rasnx YYP 3r BYXMM 3M3T3MHYYAHMH YHASCHMM SeBnennPir 1996 OHA SaiiryynaB. TSBH iyc Sesnen 6yT3L, SOXMOH 6aPiryyjianTaacaa tuamraanah enrepceh xyrai^aaha rahljxah yaaa xypana>k33. TMMMSSC rye xeienbepucih xspsdkuntmmr soxnijyynax sopunroop 3p\yn MSHA, HMMFMMMH namhbi 3M3rr3MHYYA, rap 6yn, sanyymyyabm raspbirsaiiryyncah OM. xon6ootoft xerenbepyyahmr resnepceh 6yc apraap xspsdkyynsx YYP 3r 6yxnM aiimar 3M3rT3M'-iYYA, 3anyy4yyAWH acyyaan spxsncsh aoxnqyynarmmiir SacrnMH raapaac TOMMHCOH SaiiHa. xeteneep, OJOJT AVDK/JT Tenee a>kkin YMJCMMH YHASCHMM XeTenSepufir xspsdkyynsxsa 1997 OHA 30 can Terperaapiiyynaxaap SacrnPiH rasap LUMMABSP/SCSH GOHOBL xepenre cahxyyrnfih 6ononi4oo xasraa'pnaraman 6aPiraa 3*33. TYYHMJSH?lAyypnbir 6yypyynax YHASCHMM XeienSepHMH xyp33ha. opnoro 6ara, amb)knpraa HAyy SMsrrsPiHYYAHMr ASM>KMX sopmnroop SMsrrsMHYYflu^'' n3x cah xerx<yy SafiryyncaH BaPiha. flayy ambwhpraaraw SMSTTSMMYYA^MH opnorbir H3M3rAYY n3x. apyy' 1 MSHAMMT HexeH csprssx \v\n a>nvinjnaraaha TepuPiH 6yc YHASCHnPi 6aiiryynnaryyA 1998 OHA Tyc cahraac cahxyy>kmh sapnyyncan 6aPiHa. HYB XX, KDHUCE*, HYB XAC, fl3mb, iohecko.ispsr HSFACSH YHASCTHMM Tepen)KceH 6aPiryynnaryyA SMSPTSMMYYA. XYMCHMM acyya^aap xerensep xspsr^yynsxsa MoHronun 3acrntiH rasap, MprsHMfi HMMTSMA 6yx TanbiH Tycnarmaa A3M>KJi3r y3yy n >K 6aPiHa. KDHMCEtt), HYB XAC, fl3m5 Hb sx ypchpin spyyn MSHA, KDHECKO Hb ancbin aapinbi cypranr, ansan 6yc X3n6sp33p 6onoBcpon onrox 6onoecponbiH cucrema ron anxaapnaa xahayynw upss. HYB-biH XeTen6epniiH rasap XYMCHMM acyyaa/i 6onon HYB XX-eec cahxyy > <YY J1>)< fyw ranaapx crpaierm SonoBcpyynax recnyyasfl TOJHJOH ahxaap4 6aPiHa. 6yc 35 6aiiryynnara 6yxM HMpirsM Hb 3M3rT3MHYYA. xymcmmh acyya/iaap MASBXTSM \un awminaraaraa flbyynw 6aPiraa KM. BoAJioro, awmn Y^^CASS XYMCMMH acyyajiwr YncbiH MX Xypan rycraw 6yiir a>knrnax SMsrrsMHYYAHMH jepumh 6yc SaMryynjiarbm cyn>k33 6wPi 6onrocoH 6aMna. ACtMar, can6ap 6YXMPi repupih 6yc sapmm 6aPiryynnaryyA xeaeernpih nayv SMsnsMMYYfl a>km/ina>k 6aMHa. SacrnPiH rasap, Aonop Satiryyn/iaryyATaM xawipan lepufih 6yc 6afiryyjuiaryyA 3M3rT3M4YYA3A xahacan, opnoroo HSMSTAYY^SX. nexen YP>KMXYMH ranaap Gscpar TecnyYA xspsdkyynw 6atiraa a>k OHbi 3 flyraap capa SMSFTSMMYYAMMH Tenee awnn y^ncmmh YHASCHWV 3Opnni, xspsdkmntupir HYB-biH Xer>iaiMMH XoienSepuPiH raapaac cahxyy^yy^csh a>knn yynsaniaap x3n3jnl(3b. BsswuHrnPiH 6ara xypntm WHMABSPHMH ranaap YHASCHMM untranss Sacriwn rasap 6onoacpyyncaH 6aPiHa. TspxyY unrrsna XeTen6epnPiH yaaaoinpaxaa Heneen>K 6yti Aapaax LuanrraaHbir AypbAcan 6aPiHa. XepeHre cahxyy, 6yT3i4, SOXHOH GaPiryynantbiH SspxiussnuPir Aasan ryynax; TepHMH TYLU33AnfiH MSAnsr 43ABapbir ASSwriYYnsx; XyPicTsPi xon6ooiopi MSAssnsn, CTaincTHKuPir rycran xflhanr, wexannsmbir 6onoacpoHryti 6onrox. Hyynranaac xopim smsnsiihyyamh craiycbir 6sx>KYYn3x, T3AHnPir, a>knn ypincupih Tenesneree, xeiensepupir Monron ync 6onoBcpyynaaA 6aPiHa. 6oAnorbir x3p3m<yyn3x3a Teces canxyy, SOXMOH GatiryynanTbiH ASMxaisr TycnanL\aa SYM ecoop 6aPiraa OM. TyYrssp 4 Y- 11 6apaw smsnspimyyanpih acyyanwr Aarnan XOHACBH 6oAnoro MonronA HSHSSA onon xsp3r>km>k 6aiiHa. 3M3rT3MMYYfl 3 fl Tasb>K 6yPi anxaapan TMPJHXYY TGBnepcen Hb spsrrspihyyflhmh syrssc TSAHnPir ASM>KWX flbaaria ceper Heneen>K 6yPi xahanara 6nPi SonooA 6aPiHa. TuPiMssc SniarrsPiHYYA. XenKiin (3X) xananaraac XyPic 6a Xer>Knn (XX) K)M.

49 nstitutional Arrangement A National Council for Women was also established in 1996 to follow up on the Beijing Conference and to monitor implementation of the National Programme of Action. However, the Council has met only once and has been prevented from operating by institutional constraints. The Department of Women, Family, and Youth Affairs was established under the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare to coordinate implementation of the National Programme of Action. The government has also appointed a Women and Youth Coodinator in every aimag and soum to implement women-related programmes in a decentralised manner. PROGRAMMES AND ACHEVEMENTS Government Effort UN Support to Women NGO Support to Women Monitoring Conference Goals n 1997, the government committed Tg 30 million to implement the National Programme of Action for the Advancement of Women, but budget shortfalls have limited disbursement of this money. n addition, the Women and Development Fund was established under the National Poverty Alleviation Programme to support poor women. The fund, some Tg 690,000 by 1998, has been effectively used by national NGOs to implement activities related to income generation and reproductive health to improve status of poor women. The UN agencies, UNDP, UNCEF. UNFPA, WHO and UNESCO, advocate and support the government and civil society to enhance women and gender program-mes in Mongolia. UNCEF, UNFPA, and WHO focus on improved maternal and child health issues, and UNESCO concentrates on improving the education system through a non-formal distance education project. UNDP Mongolia is making efforts to mainstream gender concerns into all UNDP-funded programmes and projects by conducting gender auditing and developing gender- mainstreaming strategies. With about 35 women-related national NGOs, the civil society in Mongolia is particularly active in addressing women and gender concerns'. A network of women NGOs has also been established to ensure that Parjiament considers gender-in all actions and policies. By having branches in every aimag and soum, some of the NGOs are effectively reaching poor rural women. n partnership with the government and donors, these NGOs are developing their capacities by implementing such small-scale projects as women leadership training, income generation and reproductive health. n March 1998, a National Beijing Follow-up Report was prepared by the government for the UNDP-funded workshop to review the goals and implementation status of the National Programme of Action for the Advancement of Women. The report cited problems that slow progress, which included the followings: H Need to remove financial and institutional impediments; B Need for capacity development of government officers; Need to strengthen monitoring and evaluation mechanisms with the development of sex disaggrigated data and statistics. * Achievement and Future Challenges Since the Beijing Summit, Mongolia has developed strong policies, action plans, and programmes to improve status of women. Challenges remain to actually implement these policies with budgetary and institutional support. Moreover, most of the policies and programmes in Mongolia have been focused only on the issues of women. This concentration fails to account for issues relating to men, and perhaps gives men no stake in supporting women's empowerment. We can address the dual equity concerns of both men and women, by shifting approaches from a WD (women in development) to a GAD (gender and development).

50 Sara xypan: 6yc Hap: aear4 ync: OponLicoH ync: Bara xypnbm epenxnm HapniiH 6iiHrnM flapra: SOXMOH 6aMryynarn: Ton C3fl3e: TBB-yyflbiH oponuoo: apra 3M3rr3MHYYfl M^H V Bara xypan: Tsriu spx, XeDKnn, SHX TaPisaHbi Tenee B33>KMH, M3rr3MMYYflHMH B33>KHHrMMH Bara xypan BHXAY 189 ync ophbi rep, aacrniih raapbih reneenem XararraM FepjpyA Monrenna, SMSFTSMHYYAHMH SPXHMH raapbih HapMMH 6nMrnCiH flaprbin rycnax CiH crarycbih KOMUCC, Bara xypnuh HapnviH CMHFMMH Aapra HapbiH raapbih YYP 3r SyxHki HYB-bm 3M3iT3PiHYYfl v1 ' ; ' H spxmmh raaap Bara xypana TepntiH 6yc aMryynnarbiH 5000 rapyfi Teneenem, xssnsn M3A33nnn^H 5000 a>knntah, aspsri^an MyyncaH repm/in 6yc SaiiryynnaryyAbiH nyynrahfl xyn oponi4coh Gonno flsnxniih X3M>K33HA: A»<mi Y^ncni/iH B33>KMHrnPtH Tynxar, rynryyp 6apMMT MoHronbiH ryxawa: 1. 3M3T3MHYYAHMH 6ara xypnbih rapinah unrrsn 2. 3M3rr3MHYYfl H^H Tenee a»nn ytincmh YHASCHMM xeieneep 3M3fT3>-YYflHMH CTaiyCblH KOMMCC, raayypxanaac ahrn>kpyynax xopoo, K)HH<PEM, cyaanraa, cypra/itbih onon 6ara xypan: MBKCMK (1975), KoneHrareH (1980), Haiipo6i<i (1985) FOURTH WORLD CONFERENCE OU WOMEN Conference: nformal Name: Host Government: Numbers of Government participating: Conference Secretary General: Organisers: Principal themes: NGO presence: Resulting Documents: Follow up mechanisms: Previous Conferences: The Fourth World Conference on Women: Action for Equality, Development, and Peace Beijing, 4-15 September 1995 The Beijing Women's Conference China 189 Ms. Gertrude Mongolia, Assistant Secretary General, Division for the Advancement of Women The Commission on the Status of Women, with the UN Division for the Advancement Women serving as the Conference secretariat Advancement and empowerment of women More than 5000 representatives from 2100 NGOs and 5000 media representatives' attended the Conference, while individuals attended the independent NGO Forum Global: The Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action Mongolia: 1) Country Report on the Conference on Women 2) National Programme of Action for the Advancement of Women Commission on the status of women, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimina tion Against Women, UNFEM, the nternational Research and Training nstitute for the Advancement of Women, and Division for he Advancement of Women Mexico-city (1975), Copenhagen (1980), Nairobi (1985)

51

52 XYHCHUfl TASMAPX/733/l 6oji>x, y/imaap sjicreneh, XYHCHMW xowcajibih acyyfla/i xypii TSBmfSfw. SyPir ync opon, sacrum raspbih TSpryyH, POM XOTHOO SOJCOH XyHCHMii Tanaapx HyyjiraHaap xsnsnijcsh K>M. "XyH 6 yp HMarrawyjiryM, nahapraw xyhc xjpamax, spyyn capyyn a>ktepex 5ns wrax6owwh 6onoH aflvirooaciviiih 6ononnooToii 6amw" rac3h 3Dpnnrb!rMyynraHaap LUHHSMTOH SarancaH SHKO. TYYHHHSH ByypaPi itenwinrsw ophyyatw XYHCHWM xomcflonfl eprew 6yii XYMYYCHMH Toor OHfl xoep flaxmh Saracrax 3opnnrbir cahan Harrsii XYHCHUH Atoynryvi SaiiflnbiH ryxaii PoMbiHTyHxareon xyhchmii awynryii SaiiAnbirxaHrax ynqcah vyprniiraacrviiih raspyyflafl Horflyyican BaiiHa. AJKW yvincmmhtenebjieree Hb XYHCHMM awynrym Gafyjafi, Jvqyypnbir 6yypyynax acyyflnyyfl xooponnoo ui yranipatsm 6awxafl anxaapnaa xanqyyncah 7 SYtinHHH apmaiunvivinycracah K>M. YYHA: XYHCHMM awynryii 6aMAnbirxaHraxHniir3M, 3flnwH3acmiiH HexunMMrSarajiraawyynax; XYHCHHM ra/iaap OHM Safiflan TOrrooxofl 63H3H Baiix, ypbflminah cspmiinax, xapiiy apra x3mw33abax; XYH XYHHMM Heen, TonBoproM Ywifleapnan, xqfleervimh xeraoinflxammiih BAfA XYPJblH 30P/J1Tbir MOHfOJlfl BOJiro)K BV/ Hb, X8T6J1B8P XYHCHMM ranaapx flanxupih flssfl Hyynranbi a*mn yvmcmh renebneree BOJOH POMUH TynxarnMH MoHron ync rye MyynraHfl TaBbcaH raiinah MjiTrsnaapas.xynsaH sebiueepchee KM. Sax SSSJMMH sflmmh sacarr UJMJDKMX Hb aflyypan, XYHCHMM xomcflnwr nxacrsx sapsr HMMFMUMH ceper y33rflnnpih yp flaraeap 6on)K 6yiir iyc uniranfl AypbflcaH 6afiHa. "UproH 6yp HaHapraii, aroy/iryii XYHC xaparnax spxtaw" raw YHACSH xyynbfl saacan xa^nm H A OHbi 3X3H YSfl MoHron ync XYHCHMM ByTssrflsxyYHMM xowcflonfl Hspaarflcsn KDM. AS^XMMH 6aHKHaac 1996 OHfl fleyyncah cyflanraahbi flyn M3fl33H33c ysesn MoHronwH XYH ambih 6 ophmm xyeb Hb XYHCHMM naafl aaxbih x3p3ri^33hmiix33 50 xysmmp XYPT3>K, H3H sflyyrnmh anrnnanfl 6arrax 6on>K33. LUnn>KMn MH yea MoHron yncafl'xy HCHM '' Y^nflBSpnsn spc 6yypM, XYHCHMM Honioii xomgaonfl HspasrASB. TyxaiinSan, YHASCHMM CiaTHCTHKHMH raspun AY H MSAssrasp 1997 OHfl yp Tapua, XYHCHMM Horoonbi YMnABSpns/t 1990 OHNXTOM xapbi(yyn6an rye 6yp 70, 50 xysnap Gyypcan 6aMHa. TMMMSSC MOHrojiHyyAHH rypmn, XYHCHMH Horoonbi xspsrnas earacn wax, cyyn 6yT33rfl3xyYHMM xspsrnss H3M3PAC3H a*33. XYHCHMM xomcflnbin ynmaac Ljyc 6araAani, MOAWH xomcanooc YYfl C3H swrsr, paxmt sspsr eanneep ebhnerflerceammh TOO 6aPtHa. Hexqen 6aMAan TMMHXYY xyhaspcsn iyn XYHCHMM awynrym 6aMflan, xspsrnsshfl SBCPMMH raapaac anxaapan rasbw BaMHa OHA coepxcon XYHCHMM ryxapi xyynba XYHCHMM BaMflan, xspsrnssr caii>kpyynax acyyflnbir XYH am, gmsrrsmhyya, Manbin TOO TOHPOM, a>k axymh 6YT33PA3xyYHMMr HSMSPAYY^SX Myxar BoAnoroA HMML^YY/SH Tycracan KJM. XYHCHMM Tanaapx flanxvimh Myynranbi UJHMABSPMMP TywnBapTaw X3p3r>KYYJi3x aopmiiroop XYHC, TswssnMMH Tanaap a>knn ypincmiih YHASCHMM Teneanereer MonronbiH SacrMMH rasap SonoBcpyynchbir SAYPSS namayya xsnsnusw BaCiraa awss. i j '

53 THE FOOD SUMMT At the Food Summit in Rome, heads of state and government gathered to address the problems of hunger and malnutrition, which slow growth in food production and population expansion have exacerbated. The Summit reaffirmed a commitment for food security that ensures "all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life." The Summit agreed on a goal to reduce the number of undernourished people in the developing countries by half by the year i Ensure conditions for economic and social progress conducive to food security; Eradicate poverty to im prove access to adequate food; Pursue sustainable in creases in food production Enhance world trade sys temfor food security Prepare, prevent, and respond to food emergencies Promote optimal invest ment in human resources, sustainable production capacity, and rural development; mplement and monitor the Plan of Action. MONGOLA'S FOLLOW-UP ACTON POLCES AND ACTON PLAN The Government of Mongolia made a clear commitment to the objectives of the World Food Summit Plan of Action and to the principles of the Rome Declaration through their Country Report to the World Food Summit. n its report, the Government of Mongolia accepts that the transition to a market economy was coupled with social degradation, particularly increased poverty and malnutrition. Although the constitution declares the citizen's right to qualitative, secure and clean food, Mongolia became a food-deficit country in the early 1990s. A recent study by the World Bank (1996) shows that about six percent of the population lives in extreme poverty, consuming only 50 percent of required nutriants. During the economic transition, Mongolia experienced dramatic decreases in food production and accessibility. For example, data provided by the National Statistical Office suggests that wheat production and vegetable consumption have declined about 70 percent and 50 percent in 1997, respectively, compared to 1990 figures. The decline led Mongolians to further concentrate their diet on meat and milk products, while reducing consumption of flour and vegetables. Consequently, the incidence of malnutrition, anaemia, goitre (iodine deficiency), and rickets is rising in Mongolia. Because of these deteriorating conditions, the government has given more attention to improving food security and nutrition. The Food Law was enacted in 1995 and"food security and nutrition issues were integrated into important policies on population, advancement of women, and improvement of livestock and agricultural production. Directly responding to the World Food Summit, the government drafted the National Plan of Action on Food and Nutrition that is currently under review by the ministries n terms of institutional arrangements on policy and programmes related to food security and nutrition, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare are respon- The Rome Declaration on World Food Security and the World Food Summit Plan of Action were adopted as commitments for realising the goals and actions set forth at the Food Summit. The Declaration and the Plan of Action calls for effective policy and strategy development to eliminate hunger and malnutrition; and they gave governments the prime responsibility to fight for food security. The Plan of Action articulated seven commitments to achieve food security, with particular emphasis on the linkage between poverty eradication and food security:

54 XYHCHMM atoynryti SaMflajnaPi xonbooiom 6oflJioro, X6Ten6epnMH Gyiau, SOXMOH BaPiryynanTbiH acyyflnfair XeAee a>k axyw, ym/iabspnsnmtfh nam, SpYyn MSHA, HMM>MMMH xaiwraannbih nam xapmy^qar Baiiraa 6onoeH isflrsap nawflbih xoopohflbih soxmnyynanr, xamtbih a>kmjinaraa floronflo)k Batfraa Hb Bspxmssn ynpyy/icaap BaMHa., OJOJT AM>KMJT XYHCHMM aroynrym BaPiAnur xanrax, XYHCHMM XYPTSSMWMMT H3MarflYY J13X X3p3ri(33 uiaapflnaraac YYfl 3H SacrMMH raapaac YHflscnuii X3A xsflsh xerenbep Bonoscpyy/icaH BaPiHa xsflsn OHW sxssp XYHCHMM HOLTOM xomcflonfl ync opoh Hspssrflssfl Bafix yefl XYHCHMM aroynryii GaiiAnbiH tanaap ahxhbi canaammnra rapn XYH ambin XYHCHMM xanramwmmr cam>kpyynax YHflscHMM xerensepmmr 1993 OHfl 3acrMMH raapaac SonoBcpyyncan Qnnss. TSBH ryxaiih SacrnfiH raaap eepmnernceh ywp rap xerenqep 6yp3H x3p3r>km>r HaflaaryPi KJM. XYHCHMM SOJOH HapMMH HorooHbi yprai(bir HSMsrflyY/iax sopmnroop SacrnPiH raapaac 1997 OHfl "HorooH xybbcran" YHflscHnii xerensep coepxon fl3m>kc3h KM. YYHMM YP fly H fl 1997 OHfl XyHCHMM HOTOO TapHaHCaH raapblh X3M)K33 35 xysnap H3M3fflC3H BaPiHa. MonronbiH Mprefl awynrym XYHC xspsrnsx cohmpxonrom Baftraar rye xerejnbepmmr xspsnkyynw 6yPi aiwkmnr xapyynjk 6aMHa. HYB XC, MOAfl, fohmceo, HYB XAC, HYB XX, flsxmmh 6aHK, fl3mb sspsr YHA3CTHMM iepen>kceh 6a iryynnaryya MonronbiH 3acrnMH raaap, 6yc BaPiryynnaryyAaA rexhmkmmh BonooA cahxyyrmmh ~rycnanu,aa A3M>Kn3r 6aMHa. TYYHMHSH ASMMH XentaiMMH 6aHK, XBHR/-biH sacrmmh rasap Hb MoHronbiH xeaee a>k axyfih ca/i6apbih xysbfl TOMOOXOH xahflnenarhma K)M. HsrflcsH YHASCTHMM XYHCHMM 6atiryy/inara Hb XYHCHMM janaapx fls/ixmmh fl33a Myy/iraHbi LUMMABSP MonronA xspxsn xsp3r>km>k 6yMr xfinax spx 6yxMM Batiryynnara Men 6ereeA XYHCHMM 6yT33M)KMMr HSMsrflYY-nsx Tanaap MonronA XSA X3A3H recen >KMUJ33Ji63n, 6yypafi xenkmnisii, XYHC XOMCACOH ophyyaaa aopmyn* XYHCHMM aroynrym BaMAHbiH ranaap rycram XerenSep HSPACSH YHASCTHMM XYYXAMMH Can (HYB XC) SoiiOBcpyynaH xspsnkyynas. XYHCHMM araynr/fi SaMflnbiH 33AP33T3M L\orL\ acyyflana HHT xahaax waapflnarbih YYfl H33C XYHCHMM aioynrym BaMAan, TsaosnMMH ranaap SeBUJMimex Tynxarr MOHFOJWH SacrMMH raaap, HSTACSH YHASCTHMM repenmcen BaMryynnaryyA 1998 OHH 11 AY r 33p capa rapbih Ycsr sypcah BM/SS. Tyc TyHxarr XYHCHMM aroynrym 6aMAnbir cam>xpyy.nax YHASCHMM BOJOH onon yncbm acpmnro, Boflnoro, xeienbepmmh xspsokmnimmr xamtpan Yprsn>iaiYYJi3X33 MoHronwH SacrMMH rasap, HsrflC3H YHASCTHMM Tepenwcen BaMryy/inaryyA MnspxMMncsn KDM. TES-yyduts araynrym BawAan, rasap TapMananrMMH acyyflan spxsnasr TepufiH 6yc BaPiryynjiara MOHTO/A xypyy AapaM i4eeh BUM. TSCSH XSAMM H T3fir9dp BaMryynnaryyA rasbcah aopunroaoo XYPSX yssn canaa, HMT xahanaraa TOAopxoPijiox 63/1 6on«BafiHa. TyxafinBan, MOHTOJA "Horoon xyebcran" xerenbepmmr a»nn ymncmfir l_ 3M3pri3rHAMMH HMiirsMnsr XYHCHMM atoynrym BaMAan, Byypyynax aopmnroiom xocnyynan yampflax ron YYP 3r ry M 4 3Tr3>K BaMHa. maettx XYHCHMM ranaapx fla/ixmmh A 33 A MyynraHW aopmnr xspxsh XSPSDKMW ByPir Y H3 n>k Ayrnsx sopunroop XeAse a* axyw, YMnflBopnanuMH aawnaac 1998 OHU TOBH Tawnan rapracah BaPiHa. flsnxmmh Myynranaac ASBUjyyncsH aopmnrur omenyynaxmmh iyn/; YHA3CHMM XSMWSSHA xnharit TaBMX, YHsnrso erex wexahmsmbir yjiam BonoBcponryM BonroH capi)kpyyjiax LuaapAJiararaM Bawraa a>k33. CaaxaH coepxcon XYHCHMM atoynrym BaPiAan, iswssnmmh ranaap SesujM/mex Tynxarr yhascnsn SacrMMH raaap, HY5-bm a>kkinmflaac BYPACSH a»oibih rasan xscar BaMryyncaH BaPiHa. flaapx XYHMH HapMaPinTyyA H3r XYHA noraox XYHCHMM BYisarAaxYYHMM 1989 OHbi x3m>k33r cspr33>k 43AcaH.6aPiHa. F3XA33 Max, CYYH 6yT33rA3XYYH aspsr XYHCHMM H3p reprimmh ypinabspnsn MonronA Byypcaap BaPina. XYHCHMM aioynryw n, T3>K3annMH T3HL\3HA eepmiem opyynax ujaapanaratavi row. MoHronbiH xeaee a* axytfn canbapi XYH xy^hmci HeeuMtir HSMsrAYYJisx, Boflnoro, a*mn YWCMMH renesnereer BonoacpoHryvt BonroxbiH iyna 3ac vtn raaap, tephmh 6yc BOHOH OHOH yncbih BaMryynnaryyA xoopohabm HHTT xamtbm a>knnnaraar xer>kyy/i3x LuaapAnaraiaPi Baiina.

55 National Programmes UN Support to Food and Nutrition "" ""? NGO Support *Q pood and Conference Goals Achievement andfuture Challenges sible for these issues, but lack of co-ordination and co-operation between the two ministries has hindered effective and efficient action. PROGRAMMES AND ACHEVEMENTS The government has responded to the need for improved food security and nutrition by establishing several national programmes. Severe shortages of food in the early 1990s spurred the first major initiative on food security. n 1993, the government developed the National Programme for the mprovement of Food Supply for the Population. However; because of changes in government, the programme was implemented only on a limited scale. n 1997, government endorsed the National Programme on the Green Revolution to increase vegetable production in the country. Consequently, total vegetable farm area increased by more than 35 percent in The success of the programme demonstrates that Mongolia's citizens are increasing interest on food security and nutrition issues. UN agencies, including FAO, FAD, UNCEF, UNFPA, UNDP, the World Bank, and WHO have been providing technical and financial assistance to the government and NGOs in Mongolia. The Asian Development Bank and the Government of Germany are also major donors to the agriculture sector. The FAO has a mandate to implement and monitor the commitments made at the World Food Summit, and has initiated several projects to increase productivity and food production in Mongolia. For example, the FAO launched the Special Programme on Food Security for the low-income food deficit countries. Responding to the need for a holistic approach to the complex issues of food security and nutrition, the Government of Mongolia and the UN agencies signed the Memorandum of Understanding on Food Security and Nutrition in November n the Memorandum, the government and UN agencies pledged to continue to build upon international and national commitments, policies and programmes to improve food security and nutrition in Mongolia. Only a few national NGOs are active in food security and agricultural issues in Mongolia. Nonetheless, these NGOs have the capacity and vision to address their concerns. For exam P' e ' ' ne Society for Horticulture became a driving force in advocating and adopting the Green Revolution Programme in Mongolia by identifying linkages between food security and poverty alleviation. To assess the follow up to the World Food Summit, the Ministry of Agriculture prepared a brief status report in A monitoring and evaluation mechanism at the national level needs to be further devefoped and strengthened to follow up on the goals set forth at the Food Summit. Based on the recently signed Memorandum of Understanding on Food Security and Nutrition, five working groups made up of government and UN staff have been established to track issues related to the Food Summit. These efforts have helped to restore consumption of food products per capita to their 1989 levels. However, the amount of food produced in Mongolia has remained constant or has decreased for most'of the essential food products, excluding meat and dairy products. Challenges remain to assure food security and balanced nutrition in Mongolia. Close co-operation among government, NGOs, and international agencies is required to develop strong policy and action plans and strengthen human capacity of the agriculture sector in Mongolia.

56 XYHCHMM TAJAAPX B3/lX/lflH Bars xypan: XYHCHMM ranaapx flanxmmh Myynran An6aH 6yc Hap: XYJSSH asarn ync: OponnocH yncbih TOO: Bara xypnbm EpeHXMM,J?.OM, XYHCHMM ranaapx A 33 fl Hyynran MranM 186 HapMMH 6nMrMMH flapra: XaiarraM Kaft KMnnMHrcBopr, flanxmmh XYHCHMM BaMryynnarbiH xapunnaahbi raapbin aaxupan acan Ton C3fl3s: Byx HMMTMMH XYHCHMM aroynrym eawflnur xanrax TBB-yyflbiH oponu,oo: 127 ync opnbi 500 Teneeners oponl cohbi 33psri433 napnamehtbin rwuiyyfl, cpepwep rsp CYJMMH xon6oo, xysniih ceicropbih 6apMMT apra: OMHOX 6ara xypan: 33p3ri(3 : XYHCHMM aioynrym 6a(iRnt,\H ryxaii POMUH Tynxar, XYHCHMM Tanaapx flsnxnwh MyynraHbi a>knn yi/ir\cmn Teneejieree MoHronfl: XYHCHMM Hyyuranbi MonronbiH TawnaH Mnrran 3KOCOK, EpeHXMM AccaM6neti, Harflcsn YHflsciHuii XYHCHMM EaMryyrmara POM (1974), POM (1992) WORLD FOOD SUMMT Conference: nformal Name: Host Government: Number of Government participating: Conference Secretary General: Principal themes: NGO presence: Resulting Documents: Following up mechanism: Previous conferences: World Food Summit Rome, November 1996 The Food Summit taly 186 Ms. Kay Killihgsworth, former Director, Office of External Relations, FAO To ensure food security for all good representation 500 youth from 127 countries attended the parallel international^ forum, while other parallel meetings were held by parliamentarians, Family Farmers' Association, and the private sector Global: Rome Declaration on World Food Security and World Food Summit Plan of World Action Mongolia: Country Report to the Food Summit ECOSOC, the General Assembly and FAO Rome (1974), Rome. (1992),

57 GENERAL DOCUMENTS ON THE FOLLOW-UP TO THE UN GLOBAL CONFERENCES SELECTED BBLOGRAPHY (The documents with the * are available at the UN nformation Shop in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia) *The World Conferences, UN Briefing Papers. Developing Priorities for the 21 s1 Century, United Nations/Department of Public nformation (UN/DP). 1997, New York One World: The UN Conferences Series, Youth and Mongolia into the 21st Century, United Nations, Ulaanbaatar, 1998 'Guidelines for mplementing the Agenda for Action on Social Development in the ESCAP Region, UN/ESCAP, 1996 'National Report: World Summit For Social Development, Copenhagen, 1995, Government of Mongolia, 1994 'Poverty Alleviation Programme, Government of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 1994 CHLDREN'S SUMMT "The World Summit for Children: the World Declaration and Plan of Action, UNCEF, 1990, New York 'Mongolia's National Programme of Action for the Development of Children in the 1990s. Government of Mongolia EARTH summ 'Agenda 21: The UN Programme of Action from Rio, UN/DP, 1002, New York 'Mongolian Action Programme for the 21 st Century, Government of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 'Biodiversity Conservation Action Plan for Mongolia, Government of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar, 1997 HUMAN RGHTS CONFERENCE 'World Conference on Human Rights: The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. UN/DP, New York, 1993 'Memorandum of Understanding on Human Rights between the Government of Mongolia and the United Nations Country Team, Ulaanbaatar, 1998 Human Rights. The Commemoration of the 50" 1 Anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. United Nations, Ulaanbaatar, 1997 POPULATON CONFERENCE Population and Development Programme of Action adopted by the nternational Conference on Population and Development, Cairo, 5-13 September 1994, UN.UNFPA, 1995 'Mongolian Country Report on Population and Development 1993, National Preparatory Committee for CPD, Cairo, 1994, Government of Mongolia, 1993 'Population Policy of Mongolia, Unofficial Translation, Government of Mongolia, 1996 SOCAL SUMMT 'World Summit for Social Development: Copenhagen Declaration and the Programme of Action, UN/DP, New York, 1995 'The National Unemployment Reduction Programme, Government of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 1996 BEJNG WOMEN CONFERENCE 'Platform for Action and the Beijing Declaration: Fourth Women Conference on Women, Beijing, China, 4-15 September 1995, UN/DP, New York, 1995 'The National Programme of Action for the Advancement of Women, Government of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, 1996 FOOD SUMMT 'Report on the Word Food Summit (includes the Rome Declaration on World Food Security and the World Food Summit Plan of Action), November 1996, FAO, Rome, 1997 'Memorandum of Understanding: Food Security and Nutrition, The Government of Mongolia and the United Nations System, Ulaanbaatar, 1998 NDCATORS 'Social Statistics: Follow up to the World Social Summit on Social Development, Report of the Expert Group on the Statistical mplications of Recent Major United Nations Conferences, Jan 1996 Provisional Guidelines for the Formulation of : United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF), Aug 1997 COUNTRY REPORTS 'United Nations Development Assistance Framework for the Socialist Republic of Vietnam Reaching Out to Serve Better. Hanoi, Vietnam. May, 1998 'Pakistan and the UN's Global Agenda. An nteragency Working Paper on an ntegrated Follow-up to the Global Conferences. slamabad, Pakistan. February, 1997 'Follow up to United Nations Global Conferences: Bangladesh, October 1998 MAN SOURCES OF STATSTCS Mongolian Statistical Yearbook 1997 National Statistical Office Statistical Yearbook, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare * Statistical Yearbook, Ministry of Enlightenment WStMw

58 WBWJ1COHH3PC GTZ FepMaHbi TexHMKHMHTycnaM» JCA flnohbi Orion y/icbmxamtbih awnnnaraahbi AreHTnar MAP-21 NGO /TBB/ UN /HYB/ UNDP UNESCO UNHCHR UNCEF USAD WHO MoHronuH axckui vfinc-; syyh Xeren6ep TepufiH Bye BaMryyonara HarflcaH YHflacTHMii Bafiryyn/iara /HYB XX/ HYB -WH XenwiMMH HYB- bm Bonoecpoji, Coen, LLJuHHoiax yxaahbi 6aPiryynnara HYB-biH XYHHM spxniih Rs3f\ Xopoo HYB-biH XYYXflWMH can AHY-biH OnoH yncbih XemaiMHH AreHTnar Baiiryyji/iara LST OF ABBREVATONS 1 GTZ JCA MAP-21 NGO UN UNDP UNESCO UNHCHR UNCEF USAD WHO German Technical Assistance Japan nternational Cooperation Agency Mongolian Action Plan for the 21 st Century Non-governmental Organisation United Nations United Nations Development Programme United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights United Nations Children's Fund United States Agency for nternational Development World Health Organisation 1

59 NTERNET ADDRESSES United Nations Home Page United Nations Sales Publications on the nternet Address: UN.org/Pubs/Sales.htm Fourth World Conference on Women nttp:// nternational Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction int/dha ol/ nternational Conference on Population and Development The Ninth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders UNCTAD X htto:// United Nations Conference on Human Settlements htto:// United Nations Global Conference on the Sustainable Development of Small sland Developing States htto./,' World Conference on Human Rights World Food Summit World Summit for Children Gopher.uniceg.org World Summit for Social Development All publications are available at the UN nfo Shop P.O. Box 49/207 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Phone: Fax: saruul@undp.org UN Homepage: Production/Design Supervision: David South, UNDP Communications Coordinator Proof Reading: N.Oyuntungalag, UNDP Communications Officer/David South Research and Writing: Yoko Watanabe and G.Saruul Translation and Editing: Michael Richmond and Agar Layout: D.Bat-Erdene Printed in Mongolia by ADMON Co., Ltd.

60 United Nations in Mongolia '"''UNDP UNDP Resident Representative P.O. Box 49/207 " Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia " ' ' Phono: ;.,2H.f..: '"."..^ : J! ',fo'.mng@undp.qrg t8: ifo.mng@und[l.org.iawukyveljslte: hltp:;; a;mn/unfpa ' ' ' ' fiioi 3^i'ij ^ ^^K'E^ii-//^^'i!jiW 0^<!!!S'n'ntMn!.'*'.-