Report on achieving the objectives of the Quito Consensus 11 th Regional Conference on Women in Latin America and the Caribbean
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1 Report on achieving the objectives of the Quito Consensus 11 th Regional Conference on Women in Latin America and the Caribbean The Quito Consensus has become an important roadmap, in terms of women s rights, for Latin American and Caribbean States, women s organizations and the United Nations. The United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM), part of UN Women, has worked over the last three years in collaboration with Governments, Parliaments, justice systems, civil society, and in particular with women s organizations and the United Nations, to uphold and realize the commitments made under the Quito Consensus. Along these lines, UNIFEM has contributed to: 1. Political incidence of national machineries for the advancement of women UNIFEM works to support the strengthening of the institutional capacities of the region s national machineries for women at the local, national and sub-regional level. It also works to strengthen civil society organizations and their networks, with a special emphasis on the training of leaders of women s movements on strategic issues, as well as on social control and monitoring of public policies. For example, UNIFEM s project Strengthening Gender Equality in the Andean Region has developed a plan for the institutional strengthening of national machineries for women, in addition to periodic sessions of exchange and support for the creation of the Network of Andean Machineries for Women (Red de Mecanismos Andinos de la Mujer, REMMA) and the Council of Ministers of High Authorities for Women of the Andean Region (Consejo de Ministras y Altas Autoridades de la Mujer de la Región Andina). UNIFEM has also provided technical support to the Council of Ministers of Central America (Consejo de Ministras de Centro América, COMMCA), the Network of Ministers (Red de Ministras, REM) in the Southern Cone, as well as to parliament leaders committed to women s rights in numerous countries in the region and to special women s rights commissions. UNIFEM also works to support the coordination of women parliamentarians. In the Caribbean, UNIFEM continues to work for the capacity development of defenders of gender equality; for example, by supporting a Diploma Programme on Gender and Development at the University of the West Indies, supporting the DAWN Caribbean Training Institute, and promoting national non-governmental training programmes for rural, indigenous and disabled women. 2. Egalitarian, pluralistic and multicultural inclusion of women in Latin America and the Caribbean UNIFEM has worked to strengthen women s organizing in order to promote their participation in democratic processes in the region, their role in the creation of proposals for public policies and their involvement in the implementation of these policies. Special emphasis has been placed on supporting indigenous, Afro-descendant, rural women and domestic workers through the Programme for the Eradication of Ethnic and Gender Discrimination: Towards the Effective Exercise of Latin American Indigenous Women s Individual and Collective Rights, which is implemented in Bolivia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras and Peru. UNIFEM also implements the programme Incorporating the Dimensions of Gender, Race and Ethnicity in Programmes against Poverty in Bolivia, Brazil, Guatemala and Paraguay.
2 UNIFEM works with organizations of indigenous, Afro-descendent and mestiza women throughout the region, including in the Caribbean, as well as collaborates through agreements with international networks such as the Continental Summit of Indigenous Women, (Cumbre Continental de Mujeres Indígenas), the Continental Links of Indigenous Women (Enlace Continental de Mujeres Indígenas), the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (Foro Permanente de Asuntos Indígenas), and the Network of Afro-Latin American Women, Afro-Caribbean Women and Women from the Diaspora (Red de mujeres afrolatinoamericanas y afrocaribeñas y de la Diáspora). UNIFEM supports the strengthening of these networks and the processes of political incidence that are generated by these networks within the international, regional and sub-regional field in international events such as the People s World Conference on Climate Change and the Rights of Mother Earth. In addition, UNIFEM accompanies organizations in the processes of creating proposals for food security and the defense of natural resources, as well as on other issues related to land, cultural identity and gender. UNIFEM, in collaboration with the Ministry of Amerindian Affairs in Guyana, convened the first meeting on Caribbean Indigenous Women: Voice, Participation and Influence for Sustainable Development. The meeting culminated in the Georgetown Consensus by which the participants agreed to advance and adopt measures to foster and promote community, national and regional networks of indigenous women to promote advocacy, capacity-building and political participation to fully guarantee the individual and collective rights of Caribbean indigenous women. In Brazil, UNIFEM has supported training courses in Management of Public Policies on Gender and Race in collaboration with 18 Brazilian universities and the Brazilian Ministry of Education. UNIFEM also supports trainings for municipal education professionals on gender budgeting. In addition, UNIFEM has worked to develop conceptual and analytic tools to increase the visibility of the racial component of gender inequality and the gender component of racial inequality, investing in the development of socioeconomic indicators disaggregated by sex and race/ethnicity. The main product of this work is the series Portrait of Inequalities in Brazil and Paraguay. In regards to women s representation in decision-making positions in the Andean region, UNIFEM has supported the development of proposals and the incidence of women s organizations in the constitutional processes of Ecuador and Bolivia, in order to achieve a constitutional framework of gender equality that includes parity as a basic principle of democracy, and citizen oversight groups to engage in measures of positive action in electoral processes. Training and capacity-building initiatives have also been undertaken in specific areas to promote the active citizenship of women from distinct social and ethnic backgrounds. As for women s political participation, UNIFEM has contributed to the development of the capacities of elected women and candidates at the regional level, so that they will have the instruments to access and maintain positions of political representation both in public instances as well as in political parties in Bolivia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico and Panama. Since 2008, UNIFEM has worked with the Spanish Agency for International Development (Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional, AECID) and UNDP on the initiative Towards an Integrated and Inclusive Development in Latin America and the Caribbean, which strives to advance the development of gender agendas in the region, both through the promotion of women s political participation, as well as through parliamentarian strategies that contribute to this goal. The Meeting of Parliamentarians took place within this framework, which brought together more than 100 members of parliaments from Latin America and Spain. UNIFEM is also supporting the analysis of the role that the media play in women s political participation. They have developed a common methodology for monitoring the media to be implemented in at least six countries in the region. In 2010, UNIFEM helped to organize the seminar Political Parties and Parity, which brought together 60 representatives from 32 political parties/movements with greater influence in
3 national congresses in Latin America, as well as academic experts and relevant actors in the political arena of the region. In 2009, UNIFEM and the Commonwealth Secretariat supported the launch of the Caribbean Institute for Women in Leadership (CIWiL) with a UNDEF grant. UNIFEM has worked in close collaboration with CIWiL and the Institute for Gender and Development Studies (IGDS) to implement a project aimed at developing women s leadership capacities. The project promotes women s equal participation in politics and decision-making in the Caribbean region, with special emphasis on Belize, Jamaica, St. Kitts and Nevis and St. Lucia. UNIFEM has also worked with the mass and alternative media for the elimination of sexist stereotypes in communication. They have developed communication initiatives such as photography competitions, festivals, and radio programs to eliminate sexist stereotypes and promote women s human rights, focusing on Indigenous community radio stations, as well as strengthening networks of local communicators. UNIFEM developed a Legal and Policy Analysis of Sex Work in select countries in the Caribbean, with partners including UNAIDS, Caribbean Vulnerable Communities and the Pan Caribbean Partnership against HIV/AIDS (PANCAP). The project involved the development and evaluation of policy guidelines on the social protection of sex workers human rights, highlighting the multiple vulnerabilities of sex workers in the Caribbean, and providing technical support for the development of integrated policies. These guidelines were presented to parliamentarians from a number of countries in UNIFEM has also been collaborating with groups of male gender justice advocates in the Caribbean, who are part of the Working Group on Masculinities, Gender Equality and Social Policy. This working group has developed approaches to training to support cultural change and to strengthen men s advocacy as partners for gender equality. The trainings have been conducted in Dominica and Trinidad under the guidance of the UNCT. 3. Security, peace and development In Colombia and Guatemala, UNIFEM s programme Women, Peace and Security has worked to promote truth, justice and reparation for women victims of conflict, as well as the active participation of women in the construction of peace and development. In Haiti, UNIFEM has worked to promote gender equality and women s empowerment as key elements in the processes of democratization and in building a sustainable and inclusive development. With this goal in mind, UNIFEM works with the State and the Ministry of Gender and Women s Rights, civil society organizations and international counterparts to support the meeting of international commitments to gender equality and women s empowerment, as evidenced by the recent CEDAW report. They also work to improve State capacity for gender-mainstreaming, including the development and implementation of specific tools to address the gender differentials of post-disaster humanitarian response and early recovery programmes. In the post-earthquake period, UNIFEM is supporting its partners to ensure gender-responsive humanitarian and reconstruction efforts in which the needs of women and their families inform the development of programmes and the allocation of resources. 4. The care economy and shared family and labour responsibilities UNIFEM has contributed to the advancement of knowledge around non-remunerated domestic work and the need to regulate such labour within the framework of women s rights. It also works to increase the visibility of the nature of this work and to strengthen the networks of domestic women workers. In Guatemala, UNIFEM is supporting research on informal labor and the insertion of remunerated domestic work. UNIFEM is also supporting a national seminar for organizations of domestic workers and
4 Guatemala s national machineries for women s rights, in order to increase the accessibility of the necessary tools to defend women s labour rights, aiming to eliminate discriminatory laws and the institutional mechanisms that sustain precarious working conditions for employees of this type of labour. In Costa Rica, UNIFEM has supported the development of Law No and the 8 th Chapter of the Second Title of the Work Code, which regulates the conditions for domestic workers. In Brazil, UNIFEM supports the political organization and capacity-building of domestic workers to promote their incidence in all of the processes of the 2010 International Labour Organization s (ILO) International Conference of Work. It is also conducting an analysis of domestic work in Brazil based on official State surveys and the life trajectories of the workers. In regards to women s remunerated work, UNIFEM has been working in collaboration with other UN agencies, specifically the Division for Gender Affairs of ECLAC, and with national machineries for the advancement of women, to incorporate this issue into public policies. It has also contributed to the development of methodological tools for the design of satellite accounts for non-remunerated work. In addition, UNIFEM has organized eight international meetings on these issues within the framework of the collaboration of the ECLAC Division for Gender Affairs, Mexico s National Institute of Women (Instituto Nacional de las Mujeres, INMUJERES), and the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía, INEGI) through the Gender Working Group for the Statistics Conference of the Americas. These international forums have allowed the region s national offices of statistics and the national women s machineries to gain access to the proper instruments to advance the implementation of comprehensive systems of social security with universal coverage in order to improve the lives of women. UNIFEM has also supported Time Use Studies in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Paraguay and Peru. UNIFEM and its partners, the Faculty of Law and the Grenada Legal Aid and Counseling Clinic, undertook research in Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago on the administration of justice and social assistance programmes to ascertain the responsiveness of these state responses to the needs of single, female-headed, poor households. In addition, they have adopted measures to strengthen social safety nets. Furthermore, UNIFEM continues to provide technical support for the preparation of draft model legislation in Antigua and Barbuda on child support based on principles of gender equality and the best interest of the child. UNIFEM has also promoted cultural change in the Caribbean to try to guarantee the participation of fathers in the care of children on a more equitable basis. Radio and television public service announcements have been prepared and disseminated as a component of the Share the Care campaign across the Caribbean. 5. Actions to overcome poverty and social vulnerability and advance the economic empowerment of women UNIFEM s programme Women s Economic Agenda in Central America, which is implemented in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama, promotes women s economic autonomy in the Central American Isthmus, generating knowledge, capacities and efficient public policies that contribute to a decrease in gender inequality in the economy and to a transformation in the current economic order. This project supports mainstreaming a gender focus in the policies of public institutions, the design of consensual economic agendas and the promotion of labour certifications for private companies that meet gender equality criteria. In addition, UNIFEM s programme supports the development of instruments to measure remunerated work, the design of programmes to promote quality employment, the elimination of salary gaps and other forms of labour discrimination, the promotion of knowledge of the care economy and ways to share social reproduction responsibilities. At the local level, the UNIFEM programme Women and Local Economic Development for the Economic Empowerment of Women and the Strengthening of their Leadership in Governing Local- Regional Development aims to contribute to women s economic empowerment, the protection of their
5 rights, promote the territorial and cultural development of the Central American region, and contribute to the acknowledgement of the strategic role of women in the development of local economies. In Brazil, UNIFEM has provided technical support for activities that aim to create a culture of gender equity within public and private companies, supporting innovative training programmes for women working in professions typically dominated by men, especially in low-income communities in the Northeast region of Brazil. UNIFEM has also supported the design and implementation of the State Plan for Public Policies for Rural Women of Pernambuco, where several communities of formerly enslaved people reside. In Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru, UNIFEM has supported the development of legislative proposals for universal social security, that include women outside the category of dependents, to improve the labour status and the capacity for organized leadership of remunerated domestic workers. Also in Ecuador, UNIFEM has supported the Network of Women Transforming the Regional Economy (Red de Mujeres Transformando la Economía Regional) and the Jubileo 2000 Red Guayaquil with the goal of increasing the visibility of women as economic actors, demanding equitable gender policies, and supporting the construction of an economic model that acknowledges the contributions of women and their economies. In the Caribbean, UNIFEM conducted a study on the gender implications of the Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) with CARIFORM. This study forms the basis for further work on strengthening women s productive capacities to take advantage of market access pursuant to the EPA. 6. Gender sensitive budgets UNIFEM promotes the use of statistics with a gender-integrated focus for the design and implementation of public policies so that the policies are based on relevant and reliable information. To meet this goal, UNIFEM contributes to the capacity-building of National Offices of Statistics to produce gender-based statistics, in addition to the capacity-building of national women s machineries so that they can analyze such information in Central America. UNIFEM has continued to organize the International Meetings of Gender Statistics in Aguascalientes, Mexico, with ECLAC s Division of Gender Affairs, INMUJERES and INEGI. In response to the high demand for training expressed during the last International Meetings in Aguascalientes, UNIFEM initiated the Distance Training Course in Statistics with a Gender Focus in Guatemala. This course will soon be available virtually and in other countries in the region. UNIFEM has also supported various ministries and governments in the Andean region to adopt public policies with a gender focus in such diverse areas as health, education, the environment, defense, justice, planning and land rights, among others. UNIFEM s programme Gender Sensitive Budgets is being implemented in nine countries, and seeks to create technical expertise among national and local governments, strengthen the political will and monitor the allocation of effective resources for gender equality. In Ecuador, UNIFEM worked with the Budget of the Technical Commission to generate the new financial architecture for the bank, Banco del Sur, with the participation of international experts who focused the discussions from a perspective of the needs of women. 7. Violence against women and access to justice Within the framework of the agreements related to the elimination of all forms of violence against women (VAW), UNIFEM is coordinating the campaign of the Secretary General UNiTE to End Violence against Women, along with the UNFPA and ECLAC. The campaign has been developing actions for the UN country teams, governments and civil society to help put an end to the impunity, prevent violence against women and involve more non-traditional social actors in these actions, especially men. An Inter- Agency Group has been created to build synergies among the UN system agencies, support the
6 governments and civil society, and to involve actors to develop actions and to strengthen legislation and services to prevent and eliminate VAW. The UNiTE campaign has raised the awareness of governments and parliamentarians in the region, and is helping to coordinate actions with civil society and organizations of women and men who are committed to the prevention, penalization and eradication of violence. The regional launch of the campaign took place in Guatemala and was led by the President of the Republic, members of parliament, Nobel Prize winners, Regional Directors of the UN and representatives of women s and feminist organizations. There was a wide variety of academic, social and cultural activities. In partnership with the Association of Caribbean Police Commissioners, UNIFEM is implementing a programme which focuses on reducing gender-based violence through the strategies of increasing State actor competencies, strengthening accountability and the promotion of social and cultural change through civil society and State partnerships. A system of complaints and response protocols has been developed among the Ombudsman offices, police units and human rights and women's organizations. The project is being implemented in eight countries. Project components at the national level include trainings for police and prosecutors; exchange visits for prosecutors to other jurisdictions; capacity building for civil society oversight and support at the community level to victims; as well as networking and capacity-building for men and youth in the area of advocacy. In St. Lucia, Dominica and Barbados, UNIFEM has supported the development of data collection protocols for domestic violence to analyze the impact of policies and programmes employed in the fight against domestic violence, as well as to establish incidence and prevalence estimates. The use of the protocol will allow for a more integrated response to the needs of the victims and the punishment of the perpetrators as well as for a better understanding of the profiles of victims and perpetrators of genderbased violence, the causative factors and at-risk groups. In Belize, the British Virgin Islands, Grenada, St. Lucia and Trinidad and Tobago, UNIFEM has supported the implementation of a court-based, psycho-educational batterer intervention programme that aims to strengthen women s access to justice, as well as to create the conditions for cultural change to end all forms of violence against women. UNIFEM has also promoted in-country consultations on national priorities in the fight against genderbased violence (GBV) within the framework of the Secretary General s UNiTE campaign. It has supported the awareness-raising and training of National Machineries for Women, Ombudsmen, prosecutors, Ministries of Justice, and members of the Judiciary, on women's right to a life free of violence and the implementation of institutional mechanisms to improve women's access to justice. UNIFEM has also promoted processes of institutional coordination to create Ecuador s National Plan on Gender-based Violence; has supported processes of prevention, attention and elimination of gender-based violence in Colombia; and assisted in the efforts to prevent partner violence in Venezuela. Finally, the regional UNIFEM programme Safe Cities for Women, Safe Cities for All has helped to contribute to the design of public policies that guarantee the safety of women in urban spaces in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Guatemala, El Salvador and Peru.
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