UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1540 (2004)

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1 UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1540 (2004) Global Conference on Biological Threat Reduction Countering the Threat arising from the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction to non-states actors Paris 30 June 2 July 2015 Raphael Prenat Group of Experts Supporting the 1540 Committee

2 Results of Proliferation of WMD to non-state actors Model of what a nuclear suitcase bomb might look like Tokyo Subway Sarin Gas Attack in March Anthrax Attacks

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5 Al Qaida Chemical Weapons Production Cell in Iraq

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8 Spectrum of Biological Risks Naturally Occurring Epidemics Pandemics Reemerging Infectious Diseases Unintended Outcomes of Research Laboratory Accidents Lack of Awareness Policy Choices Crime and Counterfeit Drugs Sabotage BW Terrorism State Programs Natural Accidental Intentional From: EMBO Science and Security Series. Special Issue, 2006, Terence Taylor

9 UN SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1540 (2004) Basic obligations 1. Refrain from providing any form of support to non-state actors that attempt to develop, acquire, manufacture, posses, transport, transfer or use WMD & their means of delivery

10 UN SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1540 (2004) Basic obligations 2. Adopt and enforce appropriate and effective laws that prohibit any nonstate actor engaging in such activities, including acting as an accomplice, or to assist or to finance

11 UN SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1540 (2004) Basic obligations 3. Establish domestic controls to prevent the proliferation of these weapons, i.e. controls over related materials, measures in the areas of accounting / securing, physical protection, border and law enforcement, export and traderelated controls.

12 UN SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 1540 (2004) The Resolution specifies the obligations relating to what States have to do, but not how to do it

13 1540 COMMITTEE Not a sanctions committee. Does not investigate or prosecute alleged violations of non-proliferations obligations Cooperative and transparent approach to facilitate implementation of the resolution Working methodology: annual programme of work, annual review, comprehensive review every five years and working groups Assisted by group of up to nine experts Ambassador Román Oyarzun Marchesi 1540 Committee Chair Department of Political Affairs (DPA) serve as the Secretariat to the Committee. The Office for Disarmament Affairs (ODA) provides support to the Committee

14 NATIONAL REPORTING States are called upon to submit a report on the implementation of the resolution States that have submitted such reports are encouraged to provide additional information, including, voluntarily, on effective practices Continuous task All but 19 UN Member States have submitted at least a first national report

15 NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION ACTION PLANS States are encouraged to prepare, on a voluntary basis, national implementation action plans (NAP), mapping out their priorities and plans for implementing UNSCR 1540 NAP has to fit national circumstances: scope, content and form vary Valuable to enhance inter-agency coordination for, among others, gap analysis, prioritisation, identification of assistance needs

16 ASSISTANCE Assistance The Security Council recognizes that some States may require assistance in implementing resolution It invites those in a position to do so to offer assistance. The 1540 Committee has a clearinghouse role to facilitate the provision of assistance by others. Procedures for processing requests as well as a compilation of assistance requests and offers can be found on the 1540 website. 16

17 Assistance The Match-Making Role Assistance Support in identifying implementation challenges and assistance needs Providing a forum for the development of assistance partnerships Single Window for assistance requests Matchmaking by the Committee and the Group of Experts Forum for partnerships Dialogue Support for needs assessment 1540 Committee Matchmaking Single Window Dialogue with relevant International, Regional and Subregional Organisations

18 COOPERATION 1540 COMMITTEE TO ENGAGE WITH RELEVANT INTERNATIONAL, REGIONAL AND SUB REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS: SHARING OF EXPERIENCE, LESSONS LEARNED, EFFECTIVE PRACTICES ASSISTANCE PROGRAMMES PROMOTION OF IMPLEMENTATION COOPERATION WITH AL-QAIDA (1267) AND TALIBAN SANCTIONS COMMITTEE, THE COUNTER- TERRORISM COMMITTEE (CTC) (1373) INFORMATION SHARING COORDINATION ON VISITS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

19 Cooperation with Regional Organisations Regional Organisations (Illustrative list only) African Union (AU) ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) Central American Integration System (SICA) Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) European Union (EU) Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Organisation of American States (OAS) Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)

20 TRANSPARENCY AND OUTREACH TRANSPARENCY MEASURES AND ACTIVITIES TO FOCUS ON: WEBSITE MEETINGS OPEN TO ALL MEMBER STATES OUTREACH EVENTS (CONFERENCES, SEMINARS, WORKSHOPS) MEDIA INDUSTRIES AND INDUSTRY AU 1540 WORKSHOP, ADDIS ABABA, DECEMBER 2013 GROUPS, ACADEMIA AND CIVIL Credit: AU SOCIETY

21 Outreach to Civil Society Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) Biosafety Associations (IFBA, Regional (e.g. AfBSA) and National Associations (e.g., ABSA) Industry Academia Regional and Sub-Regional Infectious Disease Surveillance Networks (MECIDS, MBDS, SACIDS)

22 Comprehensive Review - Approach Both retrospective and forward-looking Recommending specific, practical and appropriate actions to improve Implementation Take full account of the rapidly changing scientific, technological and commercial environment in which implementation is taking place

23 Comprehensive Review - Themes Working Group 1 Implementation Working Group 2 Assistance Working Group 3 International Organisations Working Group 4 - Transparency and Outreach

24 Comprehensive Review - Schedule By 12 June 2015 the work plans for each of the themes will be submitted to the Committee for approval; By 30 June 2015 a detailed work plan is agreed including a plan for workshops and other outreach activities to Member States, international organisations and civil society; In June 2016 conduct a formal open review meeting of the Committee with Member States (in New York) as well as meetings with international organisations and civil society; By 1 September 2016 the first draft of the report on the Review is ready for consideration by the Committee; By 31 October 2016 the report on the Review is ready for submission to the Security Council.

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26 CONTACT DETAILS Chair of the 1540 Committee Attention: Chair, 1540 Committee: H.E. Román Oyarzun Marchesi, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Spain to the United Nations New York Committee Group of Experts 300 East, 42nd Street, Third Floor, New York, NY Fax:+1 (917) , Committee Website: