AP UNITED STATES HISTORY DBQ QUESTION

Transcription

1 AP UNITED STATES HISTORY DBQ QUESTION Analyze the effectiveness of two of the following progressive reforms during the progressive era ( ): Political Reform Social Reform Economic Reform Use the documents and your knowledge of the period to answer the question. The 8-9 Essay Contains a well-developed thesis that examines the successes of progressive reforms. Presents an effective analysis of the successes of progressive reforms. Effectively uses a substantial number of documents. Supports thesis with substantial and relevant outside information. May contain minor errors. Is clearly organized and well written. The 5-7 Essay Contains a thesis that addresses the ways in which the progressive reforms succeeded and failed. Has some limited analysis of the successes of progressive reforms. Effectively uses some documents. Supports thesis with some relevant outside information. May have errors that do not seriously detract from the quality of the essay. The 2-4 Essay Contains a limited or undeveloped thesis. Deals with the question in a general manner; simplistic treatment of the successes of progressive reforms. May address only one category. Merely refers to quotes or briefly cites documents. Contains little outside information, or information that is inaccurate or irrelevant. May have major errors. May be poorly organized and/or written. The 0-1 Essay Contains no thesis or a thesis that does not address the question. Exhibits inadequate or incorrect understanding of the question. Has little or no understanding of the documents, or ignores them completely. Has numerous errors. Written so poorly that it inhibits understanding. --Blank or completely off task.

2 UNITED STATES HISTORY SECTION II PART A (Suggested writing time 45 minutes) Percent of Section II score 45 Directions: The following question requires you to construct a coherent essay that integrates your interpretaion of Documents A-H and your knowledge of the period referred to in the question. High scores will be earned only by essays that both cite key pieces of evidence from the documents and draw on outside knowledge of the period. 1. Analyze the effectiveness of two of the following progressive reforms during the progressive era ( ): Political Reform Social Reform Economic Reform Use the documents and your knowledge of the period to answer the question. Document A

3 Document B Source: Ida Tarbell, Ballot Necessary For Women, 1906 Insanitary housing, poisonous sewage, contaminated water, infant mortality, the spread of contagion, adulterated food, impure milk, smoke-laden air, ill-ventilated factories, dangerous occupations, juvenile crime, unwholesome crowding, prostitution and drunkenness are the enemies which the modern cities must face and overcome would they survive. Logically, its electorate should be made up of those who can bear a valiant part in this arduous contest, those who in the past have at least attempted to care for children, to clean houses, to prepare foods, to isolate the family from oral dangers, those who have traditionally taken care of that side of life which inevitably becomes the subject of municipal consideration and control as soon as the population is congested. Source: 18 th Amendment Document C Section 1. After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited. Section 2. The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States, as provided in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the States by the Congress. Document D Source: Jane Addams, Twenty Years at Hull House, 1910 It is always easy to make all philosophy point one particular moral and all history adorn one particular tale, but I may be forgiven the reminder that the best speculative philosophy sets forth the solidarity of the human race; that the highest moralists have taught that without the advance and improvement of the whole, no man can hope for any lasting improvement in his own moral or material individual condition; and that the subjective necessity for Social Settlements is therefore identical with that necessity, which urges us on toward social and individual salvation.

4 Document E Source: Sherman Antitrust Act, 1890 Sec. 1. Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is hereby declared to be illegal. Document F

5 Document G Source: Theodore Roosevelt, The New Nationalism, 1910 Now, this means that our government, national and state, must be freed from the sinister influence or control of special interests. Exactly as the special interests of cotton and slavery threatened our political integrity before the Civil War, so now the great special business interests too often control and corrupt the men and methods of government for their own profit. We must drive the special interests out of politics. That is one of our tasks today Document H Source: Eugene V. Debs, The Outlook for Socialism in the United Stats, 1900 What but meaningless phrases are "imperialism," "expansion," "free silver," "gold standard," etc., to the wage worker? The large capitalists represented by Mr. McKinley and the small capitalists represented by Mr. Bryan are interested in these "issues," but they do not concern the working class. END OF DOCUMENTS

6 and Inferences DBQ 2004 Document A: Graph of business consolidations -Massive spike in Consolidations around Consolidations dropped down to lowest levels by Anti trust activism was successful in dropping the number of trusts made -Anti-trust legislation was successfully enforced Document B: Ida Tarbell s Ballot Necessary For Women -Document puts forward the case for women s suffrage. -Women s suffrage was becoming a movement tied to social reform -Progressives would therefore support it if they supported other social reforms. Document C: 18 th Amendment : -Prohibition became the law. -The prohibition movement succeeded. : -The progressives were influential in politics. Document D: Jane Addams, 20 Years at Hull House -Excerpt from Jane Addams Memoirs, a prominent social reformer -States the philosophy of betterment of the whole for the betterment of one -Explains the reason for the progressives want to improve the lives of everyone

7 Document E: Sherman Anti-Trust Act Doc Info -Outlawed trusts in the US Document inferences -Problems with monopolies were addressed -The bill was ultimately weak Document F: Thomas Nast Cartoon -Shows Statue of Liberty covered in various trusts -People s welfare sinks nearby -Trusts were a major problem, despite the Anti-Trust act -People s suffering was causing an increase in activism Document G: Theodore Roosevelt, New Nationalism -This document expresses the progressive belief in ending special interest groups, as they will destabilize the government -Warns of an impending catastrophe if the system continues -Implies that there is more at stake for economic reforms than just the well being of the poor, including the stability of the country, giving the progressives more drive Document H: Eugene V. Debs, Outlook for Socialism in the United States -This document expresses yet another view for social and economic reform, reforming the overall system. -It is an example of more extreme change in the progressive era -Not everyone in the era was willing to use the status quo to help people. Some wanted to overthrow the entire system. -Shows extremism within the progressive movement. -Even with many successes, the extremists goals would never come close to being realized

8 Commonly Seen Relevant Outside Information Prohibition Anti-Saloon League Volstead Act Speakeasies 21 st Amendment Jane Addams Hull Houses Social Gospel Settlement Houses Sherman Anti-Trust Act Social-Justice Movement Thomas Nast Standard Oil Company Ida Tarbell 19 th Amendment Socialism Bull Moose Party Teddy Roosevelt Woodrow Wilson Eugene V. Debbs NAACP Woman s Trade Union League Industrial Workers of the World Women s Christian Temperance Movement Square Deal

9 Bibliography U.S. Congress. "Sherman Antitrust Act." United States Statutes at Large, 51st Cong., Sess I, Chp. 647, p American History Online. Facts On File, Inc. Nast, Thomas. "The Rising of the Usurpers." Cartoon. NYPL Digital Gallery. N.p., Web. 29 Apr Tarbell, Ida. "Ballot Necessary for Women." America Past and Present Website Web. 29 Apr < objects/1482/ /primarysources1_23_1.html>. Addams, Jane. "Twenty Years in Hull House." America Past and Present Website Web. 29 Apr < objects/1482/ /primarysources6_22_2.html>. Debs, Eugene V. "The Outlook for Socialism n the United States." America Past and Present Website Web. 29 Apr < objects/1482/ /primarysources2_23_3.html>. Roosevelt, Theodore "The New Nationalism." America Past and Present Website Web. 29 Apr < objects/1482/ /primarysources2_23_1.html>. 18 th Amendment