FASCISM IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE. HIST-UA 9290 Fascism in Comparative Perspective

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1 Class code Instructor Details HIST-UA 9290 Fascism in Comparative Perspective Professor: Francisco Seijo Office Hours: Monday through Thursday 11:45-12:00 Class Details Monday through Thursday 12:00-13:30 Prerequisites Class Description N/A This course will examine the intellectual origins, theoretical characterizations and historical and political evolution of fascist political movements in Europe. The course is comparative in method and scope concentrating on the common characteristics of all fascist regimes and neo-fascist political movements. Historically, the course will focus on the paradigmatic cases of the interwar period--mussolini s Italy and Hitler s Germany and, especially, on the more unorthodox case of Francoist Spain, the only Fascist regime that survived WWII and the Cold War era. Finally, we will survey the emergence of neo-fascist movements in contemporary Europe and elsewhere seeking to identify how they resemble, and differ from, their past precursors. The course is divided into three parts. Part I studies the philosophical roots of fascist ideologies in the European reactionary tradition while contextualizing its emergence as a political ideology, socio-political movement and regime type under the specific historical conditions existing in interwar Europe. Part II studies the most salient policies and historical evolution of the fascist political regimes that came into being during the XXth century in Italy, Germany and, Spain. In part III, we will reflect on the rebirth of neo-fascism in Europe, the continuing aesthetic attraction exerted by fascism in European politics and society and the lasting influence of fascism on certain democratic state policies such as interest representation (corporatism). Desired Outcomes Understanding of the philosophical roots of fascist ideology in European reactionary political philosophy. Learn about the specific historical circumstances under which Fascist regimes emerged in Europe during the interwar period. Study the most important, or paradigmatic, examples of historical fascism: Page 1 of 10

2 Italy and Germany. Understand the historical and political evolution of the Franco regime and how it resembles and differs from the two interwar paradigmatic examples of Italy and Germany. Assessment Components Grading Policy Attendance Policy Analyze contemporary neo-fascist movements in Europe and compare them to the paradigmatic interwar period examples. Assessment will be based on the following components: Analytical paper 1 25% (Philosophical origins of fascism as an ideology) Analytical paper 2 25% (Compare single policy area of the 3 paradigmatic fascist regimes) FINAL EXAM 25% (Analysis of a contemporary neo-fascist party or movement) Oral presentation 15% (Defense of theses in papers 1, 2, 3) Participation 10% Every professor at NYU Madrid outlines the participation requirements governing her/his course. Class participation includes attendance and compliance with classroom etiquette (i.e. showing up on time, being attentive, no eating during class, no ing during class, no cell phone use, and no disruptive behavior). A high score for class participation is awarded to those students who contribute to class discussion in a significant way. PLEASE NOTE: If you are unable to attend class, you are required to your professors directly. Academic work can only be made up if you have an official medical excuse (i.e. a doctor s note). Page 2 of 10

3 Late Submission of Work Plagiarism Policy At NYU, a commitment to excellence, fairness, honesty, and respect within and outside the classroom is essential to maintaining the integrity of our community. Plagiarism: presenting others' work without adequate acknowledgement of its source, as though it were one s own. Plagiarism is a form of fraud. We all stand on the shoulders of others, and we must give credit to the creators of the works that we incorporate into products that we call our own. Some examples of plagiarism: a sequence of words incorporated without quotation marks an unacknowledged passage paraphrased from another's work the use of ideas, sound recordings, computer data or images created by others as though it were one s own submitting evaluations of group members work for an assigned group project which misrepresent the work that was performed by another group member altering or forging academic documents, including but not limited to admissions materials, academic records, grade reports, add/drop forms, course registration forms, etc. using translation software. For further information, students are encouraged to check Required Text(s) in Print Format Required Texts available via NYU Classes Course reader available as pdf files in NYU classes Berlin, Isaiah, Joseph de Maistre and the Origins of Fascism. In : The Crooked Timber of Humanity (New Jersey : Princeton University Press, 1990). Blinkhorn, Martin. Fascism and the Right in Europe (London, Longman, 2000). Bruggemeier, Franz ; Cioc, Mark ; Zeller, Thomas. How Green were the Nazis? Nature, environment and Nation in the Third Reich. (Ohio : Ohio University Press 2005). Page 3 of 10

4 D Annunzio, Gabrielle ; D Ambris, Alceste. The Charter of Carnaro or Fiume Constitution. (Milano : Comite Nazionale di Azione Sindicale Dannunziana, 1920 De Maistre, Joseph, The Works of Joseph de Maistre. Selected, translated and introduced by Jack Lively (New York : MacMillan, 1965). Franco, Francisco (Writer) & Saenz de Heredia, Jose Luis. Raza. (Spain : Cancilleria del Consejo de la Hispanidad, 1942). Gregor, James. The Search for Neofascism. (New York : Cambridge University Press, 2006). Lannon, Frances. The Spanish Civil War. (UK : Osprey, 2002). Larssen, Steig ; Hagtvet, Bernt ; Myklebust, Jan. Who were the Fascists? Social Roots of European Fascism. (Oslo : Universitatsforlaget, 1980). Michels, Robert. Political Parties. (Ontario : Batoche Books, 2001). ( Moore, Barrington. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. (New York : Beacon Press, 1967). Mosca, Gaetano. The Ruling Class. (New York : McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1939). Mussolini, Benito (with Gentile, Giovanni). The Doctrine of Fascism. (Virginia: World Future Fund, 1932). ( Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Will to Power. (New York: Random House, 1967) Pareto, Vilfredo. The Mind and Society. (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Compan 1935). Payne, Stanley. A History of Fascism (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1995). Preston, Paul. The Politics of Revenge: Fascism and the Military in Spain. (UK: Routledge, 1995). Riefenstahl, Leni (Producer and Director). The Triumph of the Will. (Germany: Reichparteitag Film, 1935). Sorel, Georg. Reflections on Violence. (New York: Huebsch, 1908). Page 4 of 10

5 Stromberg, Roland. Europe in the 20 th Century. (UK: Prentice Hall, 1991). Visconti, Luchino (Producer and Director). The Damned. (Rome: Warner Brothers, 1969). Session 1 May 24 Session 2 May 25 Voltaire, Candide, A Dual-Language Book, translated and with an Introduction by Shane Weller (New York: Dover Publications, 1993) ( Weber, Max. From Max Weber : Essays on Sociology. (UK : Oxford University Press, 1958). Part I: Intellectual history of Fascism as a political ideology European reactionary political philosophy Voltaire, Candide, A Dual-Language Book, translated and with an Introduction by Shane Weller (New York: Dover Publications, 1993) ( pp (all chapters) De Maistre, Joseph, The Works of Joseph de Maistre. Selected, translated and introduced by Jack Lively (New York : MacMillan, 1965). pp , 65-71, European reactionary political philosophy Berlin, Isaiah, Joseph de Maistre and the Origins of Fascism. In : The Crooked Timber of Humanity (New Jersey : Princeton University Press, 1990). pp Sorel, Georg. Reflections on Violence. (New York: Huebsch, 1908). pp Nietzsche, Friedrich. The Will to Power. (New York: Random House, 1967). pp Session 3 VIEWING OF FILM RAZA WRITTEN BY FRANCISCO FRANCO Page 5 of 10

6 May 26 Session 4 May 27 (FRIDAY) Session 5 May 30 Session 6 May 31 FIELD TRIP VISIT EL PARDO Italian elite thinkers as theoretical precursors of fascism Mosca, Gaetano. The Ruling Class. (New York : McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1939). pp , , , 482, Michels, Robert. Political Parties. (Ontario : Batoche Books, 2001). pp Pareto, Vilfredo. The Mind and Society. (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1935). pp Italian proto-fascism and the birth of fascist ideology in Italy D Annunzio, Gabrielle ; D Ambris, Alceste. The Charter of Carnaro or Fiume Constitution. (Milano : Comite Nazionale di Azione Sindicale Dannunziana, 1920 Full text in : Hughes-Hallet, L. The Pike. The Pike. (London: Fourth Estate, 2013). Mussolini, Benito (with Gentile, Giovanni). The Doctrine of Fascism. (Virginia: World Future Fund, 1932). Full text in: Session 7 June 1 Part II: Theoretical characterizations of fascism and the three paradigmatic cases (Italy, Germany and Spain) Defining fascism theoretically: Social roots Stromberg, Roland. Europe in the 20 th Century. (UK: Prentice Hall, 1991). pp. Page 6 of 10

7 1-36 FASCISM IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE Session 8 June 2 Session 9 June 6 Session 10 June 7 Session 11 June 8 Weber, Max. From Max Weber : Essays on Sociology. (UK : Oxford University Press, 1958). pp Defining fascism theoretically and empirically: Alternative political and social explanations Payne, Stanley. A History of Fascism (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1995). pp Moore, Barrington. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy. (New York : Beacon Press, 1967). pp ANALYTICAL PAPER 1 DUE The historical experience of fascism: Italy Larssen, Steig ; Hagtvet, Bernt ; Myklebust, Jan. Who were the Fascists? Social Roots of European Fascism. (Oslo : Universitatsforlaget, 1980). pp The historical experience of fascism: Italy Payne, Stanley. A History of Fascism (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1995). pp The historical experience of fascism: Italy Larssen, Steig ; Hagtvet, Bernt ; Myklebust, Jan. Who were the Fascists? Social Roots of European Fascism. (Oslo : Universitatsforlaget, 1980). pp Session 12 June 9 The historical experience of fascism: Germany Page 7 of 10

8 DVD scenes from: Riefenstahl, Leni (Producer and Director). The Triumph of the Will. (Germany: Reichparteitag Film, 1935). Visconti, Luchino (Producer and Director). The Damned. (Rome: Warner Brothers, 1969). Session 13 June 13 Session 14 June 14 Session 15 June 15 Session 16 June 16 Session 17 June 20 Session 18 June 21 The historical experience of fascism: Germany Payne, Stanley. A History of Fascism (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1995). pp Larssen, Steig ; Hagtvet, Bernt ; Myklebust, Jan. Who were the Fascists? Social Roots of European Fascism. (Oslo : Universitatsforlaget, 1980). pp The historical experience of fascism: Germany Bruggemeier, Franz ; Cioc, Mark ; Zeller, Thomas. How Green were the Nazis? Nature, environment and Nation in the Third Reich. (Ohio : Ohio University Press, 2005). pp ; The historical experience of fascism: Spain Blinkhorn, Martin. Fascism and the Right in Europe (London, Longman, 2000). pp The historical experience of fascism: Spain Lannon, Frances. The Spanish Civil War. (UK : Osprey, 2002). pp ; The historical experience of fascism: Spain Preston, Paul. The Politics of Revenge: Fascism and the Military in Spain. (UK: Routledge, 1995). pp Neofascism Part III: Neofascism Page 8 of 10

9 Gregor, James. The Search for Neofascism. (New York : Cambridge University Press, 2006). pp Session 19 June 22 Neofascism ANALYTICAL PAPER 2 DUE Session 20 June 23 Session 21 June 27 Session 22 Gregor, James. The Search for Neofascism. (New York : Cambridge University Press, 2006). pp Neofascism Gregor, James. The Search for Neofascism. (New York : Cambridge University Press, 2006). pp The Aftermath of Fascism DVD scenes from Chavarri, Jaime (Director). El Desencanto (Elias Querejeta Prod 1976) DVD scenes from BBC. Arena: The Life and Times of Luchino Visconti (BBC, 2003). Oral Presentations June 28 Session 23 Oral Presentations June 29 Session 24 FINAL EXAM June 30 Page 9 of 10

10 Required Cocurricular Activities VISIT TO THE PALACIO DE EL PARDO Suggested Cocurricular Activities Page 10 of 10