GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE. Maja Vasilijevic. International conference Transboundary Cooperation in the Dinaric Arc. Capljina, BIH
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1 TRANSBOUNDARY CONSERVATION GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE Maja Vasilijevic IUCN WCPA International conference Transboundary Cooperation in the Dinaric Arc 29 June 1 July 2010 Capljina, BIH
2 Global trend World Database on Protected Areas
3 Transboundary conservation objectives a. Biodiversity conservation b. Cultural heritage and exchange c. International cooperation d. Maintenance of peace and security e. Promotion of sustainable development f. Regional economic integration g. Restitution of land tenure h. Local economic development i. Poverty alleviation, etc.
4 Developing guidance on transboundary conservation Pioneered by Jim Thorsell and Larry Hamilton EUROPARC Federation Best Practice Guideline ofthe IUCNWCPA Transboundary PA Task Force Security in Planning and Management of TBCAs (IUCN InWent)
5 A typology of transboundary conservation practice 1. TRANSBOUNDARY PROTECTED AREAS 2. PARKS FOR PEACE 3. TRANSBOUNDARYCONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT AREAS 4. TRANSBOUNDARY MIGRATORY CORRIDORS
6 1. Transboundary protected areas A transboundary protected area is an area of land and/or sea that straddles one or more borders between states, sub national units such as provinces and regions, autonomous areas and/or areas beyond the limit of national sovereignty or jurisdiction, whose constituent parts are especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and managed co operatively through h legal lor other effective means.
7 2. Parks for Peace Parks for Peace are transboundary protected areas that are formally dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and to the promotion of peace and cooperation.
8 3. Transboundary conservation and development area Transboundaryconservation and development areas are areas of land and/or sea that straddle one or more borders between states, sub national unitssuchasprovincesandregions such and regions, autonomous areas and/or areas beyond the limit of national sovereignty or jurisdiction, whose constituent parts form a matrix that contributes to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, as well as the promotion of social and economic development, and which are managed co operatively through legal or other effective means. Democratic Republic of Congo Virunga National Park Volcanoes National Park Bwindi Impenetrable National a Park Mgahinga Gorilla National Park Rwanda Uganda
9 4. Transboundary migratory corridors Transboundary migratory corridors are areas of land and/or sea in two or more countries, which are not necessarily contiguous,, but are required to sustain a biological migratory pathway, and where co operative management has been secured throughlegal orothereffective other effective means.
10 How to start up a transboundary conservation initiative? 1. Scope out issues properly (identify potential disputes) 2. Take inventory of resources 3. Begin with small steps 4. Develop a shared vision 5. Focus on unifying issues! 6. Collaborate in tourism promotion 7. Involve and benefit local people 8. Harmonise conservation laws and policies 9. Obtain support of decision makers 10. Achieve coordinated planning
11 Can we agree? DIPLOMATIC relationships among the involved countries FORMAL agreements (bilateral/multilateral treaty, MoU, international conventions, regional mechanisms) INFORMAL agreements (certain management aspects, advisory boards, manager to manager, handshake) The role of the SECURITY community
12 Regional initiatives Dinaric Arc Initiative Big Win for Dinaric Arc (CBD COP9, 2008) Coral Triangle Initiative Regional Plan of Action (2009) Micronesian Challenge (2006) Crown of the Continent (USA Canada)
13 Benefits of transboundary conservation (1) A. BIODIVERSITY Larger contiguous area allows for greater migration Promotes ecosystem management Pest species or alien invasives that adversely affect native biodiversity are more easily controlled Poaching and illegal l trade across boundaries are better controlled by transboundary co operation Reintroduction or natural recolonisation
14 Benefits of transboundary conservation (2) B. SOCIAL BENEFITS Support social relations (eg. cultural events build trust) Support local institutions involved in TBCA to empower local communities Effective approach in the settling of conflicts (eg. over natural resources) Can improve staff morale Makes staff exchanges easier Customs officials are more easily encouraged to cooperate if parks are cooperating
15 Benefits of transboundary conservation (3) C. ECONOMIC BENEFITS Nature based tourism is enhanced, because of a greater attraction for visitors Joint approaches to marketing kti and tour operator training i Attractive to donours Economic development of disadvantaged borderlands
16 Benefits of transboundary conservation (4) D. POLITICAL BENEFITS Can help reduce tensions between countries Can be used to rebuild peaceful cooperation Can celebrate historically i good relations and commitment for shared management of resources The ministry level may feel greater obligation to honour commitments when another country is involved
17 Benefits of transboundary conservation (5) E. MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH Better surveillance and management of wildfires Expenses of heavy equipment can be shared Possibilities i for joint patrols in border areas increase Search and rescue is often more efficient and economical Joint research programmes Compatible mapping, planning and conservation strategies
18 But there are difficulties... More complicated Increased need for coordination, facilitation May be slower to implement than ordinary conservation Cultural differences can get in the way Political indifference Can be more expensive to coordinate (due to cost of translation, travel, etc) Language issues Different legal settings may reduce TBCA effectiveness Different level of professional standards can impact real equal partner twinnig
19 (TBC SG) IUCNHQ in Switzerland 6 Commissions 10,000 members World Commission on Protected Areas the world s leading network of protected area specialists *
20 TBC SG Executive Committee Position Name Contact Chair Maja VASILIJEVIC Vice Chairs Tatjana ROSEN Michael SCHOON h Senior Advisors Trevor SANDWITH Charles BESANCON Regional Leaders Peter SHADIE Asia Rahimatsah AMAT Europe Boris ERG North Africa & West Asia Saleh DADJOUY West & Central Africa Anna SPENCELEY East & South Africa Leo BRAACK North America & the Caribbean Dorothy ZBICZ Central America Olivier CHASSOT South America German ANDRADE Oceania Ana TIRAA Fundraising Officer Jamie MCCALLUM jmccalum@transfrontier.org
21 Objectives of TBC SG 1. To support the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, the CBD Secretariat, and partners in delivering the goals and targets of the CBD Programme of Work on Protected Areas (PoWPA) related to transboundary conservation, and where consistent with the mission of IUCN and the IUCN World ldcommission i on Protected t dareas 2. To support implementation of transboundary conservation initiatives through improved knowledge management, networking and capacity building
22 Key activities of TBC SG Promote awareness of the value of TBC Encourage and advise di in the establishment tblih tof new TB areas Develop guidelines and standards Promote effective governance structures to support management of TB areas Coordinate a Global Transboundary Conservation Learning Network Strengthen information exchange and dissemination through: website TB enews electronic newsletter TB listserv
23 Membership Around 200 members Experts from international organisations, NGOs, research institutions, governments, TB site managers WCPA and non WCPA members can both be part of the TBC SG network! Network of volunteers advisory role
24 Thank you Maja Vasilijevic IUCN WCPA i
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