How far was the Grain Procurement Crisis of responsible for the introduction of collectivisation?

Transcription

1 How far was the Grain Procurement Crisis of responsible for the introduction of collectivisation? X Factor mentioned in the question. The Grain Procurement Crisis of was responsible for the introduction of collectivisation. Economic/ideological/political all wrapped up in one! ** It ended NEP and was a CATALYST which introduced Collectivisation Under NEP the gov bought grain from the peasants on the free market Poor harvests forced the prices of grain up. The Kulaks start to withhold the grain to force the prices up further Stalin called this the Kulak Grain Strike and used it as an excuse to REVIVE the policy of grain requisitioning. Showed to Stalin that the peasants could hold the gov to ransom and that peasant ideology was essentially capitalist and therefore in conflict with that of the government. Used this as evidence of NEP failure and enabled him to undermine Bukharin in the power struggle.

2 How far was the Grain Procurement Crisis of responsible for the introduction of collectivisation? Economic Factors: Were responsible for the introduction of collectivisation: Thus large farms would increase efficiency Collectivisation would bring mechanisation and more efficiency More mechanisation = less people to work on farms=more people to work in developing industry Collectivisation would increase production = more overseas sales =more resources for industrialisation=higher standard of living for workers

3 How far was the Grain Procurement Crisis of responsible for the introduction of collectivisation? Ideological Factors were responsible for the introduction of collectivisation. Peasants farming methods were still traditional Communism had not changed Russian agriculture *Peasants had a lack of revolutionary spirit *Produced for themselves, for their own profit rather than the community ( Kulaks) Therefore collectivisation essential if capitalist farmers were to embrace socialism ( Communism)

4 How far was the Grain Procurement Crisis of responsible for the introduction of collectivisation? Economic Factors: Were responsible for the introduction of collectivisation: Poor Harvests: 1927,1928,1929 Decrease in production = price of agricultural products go up Standard of living of urban workers decline Decrease in production meant Russian gov could not send surplus ( Extra) goods abroad in order to gain foreign currency. No grain surplus means no money to build industry.

5 How far was the Grain Procurement Crisis of responsible for the introduction of collectivisation? Political Factors were responsible for the introduction of collectivisation. Stalin s desire to initiate collectivisation was also motivated by his struggle against Bukharin and the Party s rightwing, Radical nature of NEP appealed to the party left wing and far more appealing than the right wing policy of importing grain. Grain imports would reduce the speed of industrialisation as money used to buy grain could be used for Russia s industry.

6 Bell Work: List four ways in which Stalin became leader of Russia by 1928.

7 LI: Why did Stalin introduce collectivisation? (Six Factors Now To Collectivise Kolkhoz) Overview: 1. Soviet agriculture was backward Old-fashioned/ inefficient/ no machinery/ too small/ subsistence (only grew enough for themselves). 2. Food was needed for workers in the towns. Essential if the Five-Year Plans were to succeed. 3. NEP was not working By 1928, the USSR was 20 million tons of grain short to feed the towns.

8 4. Town-workers were needed If the USSR was to become modern/ industrial, peasants needed to migrate to work in the towns. 5. Cash Crops were needed If the USSR was to industrialise, peasants needed to grow cash crops (eg grain) which could be exported to raise money to buy foreign machinery and expertise. 6. Kulaks opposed Communism The Kulaks opposed Communism they liked their private wealth. They hid food from the government collectors. Also they were influential, and led peasant opinion. Stalin wanted to destroy them.

9 Industry Extension: What was Stalin s motivation for collectivisation? Extending Socialism A method of Social Control

10 Key Word: What is collectivisation?

11 TASK: Create a Mnemonic about the liquidation of the Kulaks. TASK: Draw the shape of a Kulak. Add to the shape 1. What is a Kulak? 2. What are the three stages of liquidation 3. Effects of liquidation on the Kulaks

12 : Mnemonics are rhymes or phrases that help you to remember the letters in a word. Do you know any mnemonics for these tricky words? rhythm: rhythm helps your two hips move because: big elephants can always upset small elephants

13 TASK. Using only images, colour and symbols explain the Peasant response to collectivisation.

14 What were the results of collectivisation? Political Social Economic Ideological

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