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1 II REPUBLIC
2 Answer these questions about the videos an1q MzU zzjc
3 VIDEO#1 1. What are the main problems of the Spanish education in the early 1930's? 2. What are the aims of Azaña in the reform of the Army? How does he manage to implement those reforms? 3. What is the outcome of the anticlericalist riots in 1931? What is the position of the Republican government on these incidents? 4. What's the worst handicap of the Constitution of the Republic? Point out some of the innovations of the Constitution. 5. Why did the anarchist on Casas Viejas rose up against the republic? What was the most important aftermath of the events of Casas Viejas. VIDEO#2 1. What's the strategy of the socialist after the electoral defeat of 1933? Who is the socialist leader responsible for this political shift of the PSOE? 2. Where did the 1934 Revolution take place? Who rose up against the republic this time? Why do they say it was the prelude of the Civil War? 3. Who was in charge of restoring the order? How did he manage to do it? 4. What are political forces involved in the Popular Front? Point out the results of the Right, Left and center in the Election of 1936 and the turnout (participation). 5. Why do we say that the political life militarize and radicalize in the Spring of 1936? How does Falange Española manage to increase its members so much? How did the PSOE and PCE merge? 6. What's name of the main Generals involved in the coup? Who was supposed to be their leader? Why wasn't him? 7. Why do they say that Spain is broken into two political extremisms? If the Government had lost the authority and the control in the republican side, who was holding the power? VIDEO#3 1. Why did the nationalists call the Civil war a Crusade? 2. What's a "Paseo"? Who suffered the paseos in the Republican Zone? Who did in the Nationalist zone? 3. Why did the Western democracies remain neutral? Who supported the Republic? How? Why? Who supported Franco? How? 4. Why do they say the wounds of the war will remain unhealed for several generations? Explain why the Civil war is our "Never Again"? What should we Spaniards do not to repeat that nightmare again?
4 1. What are the main problems of the Spanish education in the early 1930's? Lack of schools and teachers. Illiteracy (44%). 2. What are the aims of Azaña in the reform of the Army? Modernize and renovation officers who can be against the Republica How does he manage to implement those reforms? Early retirement Review Morocco promotions Close Military academies 3. What is the outcome of the anticlericalist riots in 1931? Convents and churches set on fire (100). What is the position of the Republican government on these incidents? Overwhelmed 4. What's the worst handicap of the Constitution of the Republic? No agreement. Point out some of the innovations of the Constitution. Parliamentary Democracy. Autonomy statute. Separation church state. Women can vote. Social rights. 5. Why did the anarchist on Casas Viejas rose up against the republic? Agrarian reform too slow liberal comunism What was the most important aftermath of the events of Casas Viejas. Azaña resigns elections. 1933
5 1.What's the strategy of the socialist after the electoral defeat of 1933? More radical. General revolutionary strike. Who is the socialist leader responsible for this political shift of the PSOE? Largo Caballero 2. Where did the 1934 Revolution take place? Asturias Who rose up against the republic this time? Companys in Barcelona Estado Catalán dentro de la Republica Federal España. Why do they say it was the prelude of the Civil War? Great number of casualties / 300 deads 3. Who was in charge of restoring the order? Franco How did he manage to do it? Huge repression. 4. What are political forces involved in the Popular Front? Izquierda Republicana Comunistas Socialistas. Point out the results of the Right, Left and center in the Election of 1936 and the turnout (participation). (73 % anarchism). Right 45 % - Center 5% - Frente Popular 47% 5. Why do we say that the political life militarize and radicalize in the Spring of 1936? Youth paramilitary forces How does Falange Española manage to increase its members so much? CEDA youth goes there How did the PSOE and PCE merge? Youth communist and socialist associations. 6. What's name of the main Generals involved in the coup? Sanjurjo Mola - Franco Who was supposed to be their leader? Sanjurjo Why wasn't him? Died plane crash 7. Why do they say that Spain is broken into two political extremisms? Coup d Etat doesn t succed Civil War Fascism - Revolution If the Government had lost the authority and the control in the republican side, who was holding the power? Workers unions comités populares
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7 FROM MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC Read in your book chapter 3 and do activities from 5 to 8. HW: Write a biography about the leader your teacher gives you
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10 Why did it need to changed? Reform ARMY RELIGION Outdated Too many ranking officers No support Republica Too much power church specially education Early retirement (good conditions) Reduction number officers Privileges abolished Separation Church - State REGIONAL AUTONOMY More efficient public administration Nationalists claims Estatuto de Autonomia SOCIAL Very bad working conditions. Few social rights AGRICULTURE Unproductive latifundia + huge masses of unemployed starving peasants. Social legislation Labour arbitration committees Main problem Expropiation of lands failure. Great oposition big owners.
11 GROUP THEY THOUGHT THEY DEMANDED ANARCHISTS CATALANISTS CONSERVATIVE GENERAL REPUBLICAN SOCIALISTS WORKERS Republic was acting the same or worse than Monarchy The Generalitat shouldn h have restrictions to rule They must have strong reaction against anticlericalism Defend big economy interest The Government has gone too far and too fast Agrarian reform has failed. Changes are too slow. Social rights should be reinforced More radical reforms Federalization of spanish State No expropiation of lands Change in the Government. Slower reforms More revolutionary reforms Revolutionary transformation of society from the workers committees
12 Conservative Biennium Casas Viejas Azaña resigns Elections Nov. 33 CEDA + Partido Radical ( Lerroux) Dismants previous reforms (Education Agriculture Political Amnisty) 1934 revolts: Revolución Asturias 1934 (great repression Franco) Catalan state 1934 (suspension Statute Autonomy) Companys Azaña Largo Caballero prision
13 Frente popular (1936) Internal disagreement + corruption scandals- Elections Feb Frente Popular (left together) vs CEDA / Falange Frente Popular won Azaña Pt Republica Casares Quiroga Pt Government Reforms will be restored and accelerated (Statute Agrarian ref. Amnisty Away suspicious generals ) Great opositions and violence on the streets Teniente castillo - Calvo Sotelo death (Renovación Española) COUP D ETAT
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