THE SCIENCE OF PUBLIC POLICY

Transcription

1 A THE SCIENCE OF PUBLIC POLICY Essential readings in policy sciences I Edited by Tadao Miyakawa Volume I Evolution of policy sciences Parti London and New York

2 Acknowledgements Chronological table of reprinted articles and chapters xii xvii General introduction 1 VOLUME I EVOLUTION OF POLICY SCIENCES I PARTI Evolution of policy orientation and policy sciences 7 Introduction 9 1 The policy orientation 13 HAROLD D. LASSWELL 2 Policy analysis and applied social science 29 WILLIAM N. DUNN 3 The rise of social research in Europe 60 NATHAN GLAZER 4 Technocratic theory in America: from the Progressives to the postindustrialists 78 FRANK FISCHER 5 The evolution of the policy sciences 113 HAROLD D. LASSWELL

3 PART 2 Emerging conceptions of the policy sciences 125 Introduction Policy sciences 131 HAROLD D. LASSWELL 7 The "policy sciences": aspiration and outlook 145 PAUL KECSKEMETI 8 The emerging conception of the policy sciences 157 HAROLD D. LASSWELL 9 Prolegomena to policy sciences 171 YEHEZKEL DROR 10 Policy science: a conceptual and methodological analysis 189 JAMES F. REYNOLDS 11 The policy science movement (an outsider's view) 210 PAUL F. LAZARSFELD 12 The place of policy analysis in political science: five perspectives 225 DAVIS B. BOBROW ET AL. PART 3 Knowledge and politics/the development of the policy sciences 243 Introduction Inquiry and policy: the relation of knowledge to action 250 MAX F. MILLIK.AN 14 Policy science: analysis or ideology? 264 LAURENCE H. TRIBE 15 Sociological models and social policy 300 MORRIS JANOWITZ 16 Research for policy's sake: the enlightenment function of social research 314 CAROL H. WEISS VI

4 17 The study of social science as an instrument of social problem solving 326 CHARLES E. LINDBLOM AND DAVID K. COHEN 18 Applied social research: a reformulation of "applied" and "enlightenment" models 333 MARTIN BULMER 19 From policy science to policy analysis: a quarter century of progress? 353 G. DAVID GARSON 20 Contextual orientation in policy analysis: the contribution of Harold D. Lasswell 363 DOUGLAS TORGERSON 21 Policy analysis: science, advocacy, or counsel? 388 BRUCE JENNINGS 22 Between knowledge and politics: three faces of policy analysis 402 DOUGLASTORGERSON 23 The policy movement as a policy problem 431 RONALD D. BRUNNER 24 Reinventing the policy sciences: three steps back to the future 467 PETER DELEON VOLUME II EVOLUTION OF POLICY SCIENCES II PART 4 The development of related disciplines and approaches ' 1 Introduction 3 1 The road to PPB: the stages of budget reform 9 ALLEN SCHICK 2 The political economy of efficiency: cost-benefit analysis, systems analysis, and program budgeting 33 AARON W1LDAVSKY 3 The role of analysis in political decisions 62 CHARLES L. SCHULTZE VU

5 4 A death in the bureaucracy: the demise of federal PPB 76 ALLEN SCHICK 5 The inadequacy of contemporary sciences 95 YEHEZKEL DROR 6 Management sciences and policy sciences 120 MICHAEL RADNOR 7 Systems approach in theoretical perspective 132 IDA R. HOOS 8 From forecasting and planning to policy sciences 157 ERICH JANTSCH 9 The progress of political science 176 JOHN S. DRYZEK 10 Towards a science of politics: positivism, behaviouralism and economic models 195 ANTHONY H. BIRCH 11 Against a science of politics: values, historicism and hermeneutics 215 ANTHONY H. BIRCH PARTS The growth of think tanks and policy-research organizations 231 Introduction Required breakthroughs in think tanks 236 YEHEZKEL DROR 13 The changing world of think tanks 267 R. KENT WEAVER 14 Helping government think: functions and consequences of policy analysis organizations 288 CAROL H. WEISS 15 The politics of ideas 304 JAMES ALLEN SMITH Vlll

6 PART 6 The policy sciences, technocracy and democracy 329 Introduction Democracy and the policy sciences: a progress report 334 JOHN S. DRYZEK AND DOUGLAS TORGERSON 17 Reconciling science and democracy 346 DUNCAN MACRAE, JR. 18 Science, scientism, and democracy: a return to the theoretical issues 366 M. E. HAWKESWORTH 19 Policy analysis and public deliberation 376 GIANDOMENICO MAJONE 20 Citizen participation and technocracy 396 JACK DESARIO AND STUART LANGTON 21 Policy sciences of democracy 408 JOHN S. DRYZEK 22 Democratic values and the policy sciences 429 PETER DELEON VOLUME HI POLICY ANALYSIS PART 7 Public policy and policy analysis: basic concepts and methods, 1 Introduction 3 1 Search for the public 9 JOHN DEWEY 2 The public interest 26 MARTIN MEYERSON AND EDWARD C. BANFIELD 3 The public interest 32 THEODORE M. BENDITT 4 The role of government, part 1 48 JOHN M. LEVY IX

7 5 The role of government, part 2 61 JOHN M. LEVY 6 Demarcation of the public sector 73 JAN-ERIK LANE 7 Defining benefits of public programs: some guidance for policy analysis 111 ROBERT H. HAVEMAN AND BURTON A. WEISBROD 8 Perspectives on policy analysis 135 IAN GORDON, JANET LEWIS AND KEN YOUNG 9 The policy analysis paradigm 140 HANK C. JENKINS-SMITH 10 Planning and policy analysis for public administrators 170 GREGORY A. DANEKE AND ALAN WALTER STEISS 11 A basic framework for policy analysis 222 EDWARD S. QUADE 12 Diverse perspectives for public policy analysis 247 STUART S. NAGEL AND C. E. TEASLEY III PART 8 Rationality in decision- and policy-making 281 Introduction The science of "muddling through" 290 CHARLES E. LINDBLOM 14 Administrative rationality 306 JOHN M. PFIFFNER 15 Mixed-scanning: a "third" approach to decision-making 318 AMITAI ETZIONI 16 Rational-choice models of political behavior vs. functionalist and conformist theories 330 JOHN C. HARSANYI

8 17 Political rationality reconsidered: notes on an integrated evaluative scheme for policy choices 354 ROLF-RICHARD GRAUHAN AND WENDELIN STRUBELT 18 Policymaking rationality: a reformulation 379 J. I. GERSHUNY 19 Bounded rationality, ambiguity, and the engineering of choice 405 JAMES G. MARCH 20 Still muddling, not yet through 432 CHARLES E. LINDBLOM 21 Anticipating outcomes: overcoming the errors of incrementalism 451 ROBERT E. GOOD1N 22 Anticipating evaluations: saving people from their former selves 469 ROBERT E. GOOD1N 23 Bounded rationality and the politics of muddling through 490 JOHN FORESTER 24 Political rationality or "incrementalism"? Charles E. Lindblom's enduring contribution to public policy making theory 507 ROBERT GREGORY 25 Refraining incrementalism: a constructive response to the critics 533 ANDREW WEISS AND EDWARD WOODHOUSE XI