REPUBLIC OF KENYA JOINT PROGRAMME OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA AND UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME. Programme Title:

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1 REPUBLIC OF KENYA KENYA JOINT PROGRAMME OF THE GOVERNMENT OF KENYA AND UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Programme Title: DEEPENING FOUNDATIONS FOR PEACEBUILDING AND COMMUNITY SECURITY IN KENYA Project Award Number Project Number Quarterly Progress Report for January March 2015 Page 1 of 21

2 I: PROGRAMME PURPOSE The Programme on Deepening Foundations for Peacebuilding and Community Security in Kenya is a national programme whose overall objective is to develop institutional capacity for policy formulation and implementation; reducing community security threats as well as improving response to conflicts, risks and disasters; and mainstreaming peacebuilding, reconciliation in national and county development agendas. The programme contributes to nurturing peace and enhancing development opportunities in Kenya, with emphasis on enhancing prospects for cross-border cooperation and dialogue. More specifically, it aims to consolidate the successes of previous and on-going interventions such as the Uwiano Platform for Peace through supporting the strengthening of national capacity for conflict prevention. The program purpose is to strengthen institutional capacity to implement and monitor gender- and human rights-sensitive Dispute Resolution Mechanisms, peace-building, conflict prevention and community security policies, strategies and plans. The program also aims to ensure coordination mechanisms in place for preparedness, early warning and timely response and recovery systems operational at national, county and community levels. The program also provides safeguards for Gender mainstreaming and adopts human rights sensitive Dispute Resolution Mechanisms in peace building, conflict resolution and community security in counties development plans and budgets, sector strategies and programmes. The Programme is complemented by the Armed Violence Reduction Project and based on previous work done by CPP and CTP. Programme Partners: The Programme is co-funded by UNDP and the Government of Kenya and executed through both National and Direct modalities. The Peacebuilding and Conflict Management (PBCM) Directorate is the main Implementing agency, with other partners serving as implementing partners. These partners are the Kenya National Focal Point on Small Arms and Light Weapons (KNFP)- an inter-agency committee charged with the coordination of action on the problem of small arms and light weapons; the National Cohesion and Integration Commission (NCIC) - established under the National Cohesion and Integration Act No. 12 of 2008; the National Drought Management Authority ( NDMA) - a state corporation mandated to promote community-based drought management initiatives; Security Research and Information Centre (SRIC)- an independent non-profit making think tank, committed to providing data and information on human security and security sector dynamics in Kenya and the sub-region of the Great Lakes and the Horn of Africa; and Partnership for Peace and Security (PfPS)- a Platform of the civil society which brings on board capacities for society mobilization, mediation and grassroots participation of CSOs. II. RESOURCES During the quarter under review, the Programme implemented its Work Plan whose expenditure amounted to KShs.. from TRAC, SIDA, BCPR and UNDP. To complement these budgets, the Government partners together with other Implementing Partners contributed physical office space together with payment of salaries for the Programme Staff. Other contributions from the Implementing Partners were in terms of office stationery, equipment, assets and motor vehicles. The Page 2 of 21

3 partners were also able to develop strategic partnerships with other organizations to complement implementation of their planned activities. III. EXPECTED OUTPUTS The 6 outputs for the PBCS Programme aim at ensuring: a) Enhanced institutional capacity to formulate, implement and monitor peace-building, conflict prevention, cohesion, community security and arms control policies, strategies and plans at national and county levels. b) Strengthened coordination mechanisms, preparedness, early warning, timely response, community security and recovery systems operational at national, county and community levels. c) Enhanced partnership and capacity development of non-state actors in conflict research, peacebuilding, cohesion and community security. d) Strengthened National and county level leadership capacities for collaboration and dialogue. e) Promotion of National unity, reconciliation, cohesion, resilience and integration at national, county and community levels. f) Strengthened capacities for Programme management, strategic partnerships, coordination and monitoring and evaluation frameworks for delivery of key development results. CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF THE REPORTING PERIOD The period under review was characterized by low activity in view of the fact that the partners were emerging from a Christmas festive season. It was also characterized by the auditing process which commenced in February and ended in March. Despite these, the country was marked by a series of scenarios that necessitated the intervention of the programme activities. Overall, the security situation continued to pose challenges across the country with incidents associated with elements of Al Shaabab being reported in Coast and North Eastern; conflict over resources in parts of Northern Kenya; governance related issues across the country among others. There was drought accompanied by dry spell that resulted in movement of some pastoral communities into what are perceived to be safer zones in search of water and pasture. This led to strained relationships among certain communities in Laikipia, Isiolo, Tana River, Samburu etc.; the teacher s stand-off and strike especially those who declined reporting back to Mandera and Wajir following the terrorist incidence in December 2014 in which about 28 people were killed in Mandera-Nairobi bound bus; the stand-off over the teachers salaries which led to late opening of schools for their first term; demonstrations by farmers in north rift with regard to poor maize prices and farm inputs among others. It was also marked by accusations and counter-accusations among Parliamentary Committees thereby bringing into question the performance of these Committees among other structures. In addition, there were political campaigns and by-elections in Homa Bay and Kajiado Central for the position of Senator and Member of Parliament respectively. The period was marked by the release of the state of the nation report on progress made in implementation of national values and principles of governance. The major focus of the report was on integrity performance and corruption practices which elicited a lot of discourse. Finally, peace activities were undertaken across the country by various actors thereby complementing the PBCS programme. Page 3 of 21

4 A snapshot analysis of the Counties reveals a number of dynamics. In Narok County, there were political conflicts that saw the attempt to oust Governor Tunai. There was a hostile confrontation in Narok town where two people died during a demonstration held by area residents led by their politicians in Narok town. The area residents barricaded the Bomet-Narok highway and Maasai Mara road following the arrest of the Narok Senator and four area MPs as businesses came to a standstill in Narok town. In Muhoroni County, the month of January witnessed incidences of cattle theft and burning of several acres of sugarcane plantation in East Songhor Sub-location, Tamu location Muhoroni Sub- County. Mild tension was reported as youths from the Luo community alleged to plan a retaliatory attack on the Nandi side with leaflets being circulated along the border (Songhor/Nandi). In Homabay County, the campaign period was marked by inter-clan differences that were allegedly fanned by some local politicians. It was also reported that during the campaigns, the candidates contending the position experienced incidents of violence which on several occasions called for beefing up of security in the run-up to the by-elections. However after the elections were concluded, the County has since experienced calm as people engage in their normal day-to-day business. In Nairobi County, there were demonstrations in several parts of the County. Most of the demonstrations were held against alleged land grabbing, e.g. traders of Burma Market in Nairobi blocked the busy road used flaming tires in a demonstration against alleged land grabbing. Another incident of demonstration was that of land grabbing incident at Lang ata Primary School which saw school children tear gassed. The incident attracted the attention of the whole nation and concerns were expressed to have the suspected land grabber mentioned as the land in question was returned to the school. In Samburu County, key conflict issues revolved around highway banditry, cattle rustling, natural resources conflict (pasture, land and water), proliferation of illicit small arms and light weapons and negative ethnicity and tension in Samburu North. It was also reported that during that time, looming drought brought about by the long dry spell in various parts of Samburu forced herders to move out in search of pasture and water for their animals in neighboring counties especially Baringo and Laikipia counties. For instance, on 18 th February 2015 herders from the Samburu East sub-county invaded Lekurruki and Il Ngwessi conservancies in Laikipia West. This paralyzed activities in the conservancies and also created tension among area residents. Despite efforts to have the invading herders vacate the conservancies, the herders kept grazing their animals in the conservancies thereby causing tension and fear of attack by the neighbouring communities. However, later on 23 rd February, 2015 Laikipia County Commissioner in conjunction with elders from communities brokered a successful dialogue in regard to the invasion of Lekurruki and Il Ngwessi conservancies by herders from Isiolo and Samburu counties. This led to the herders moving out of the conservancies. The period of reporting also saw a teachers crisis in Mandera, Garissa and Wajir Counties. This was after the terrorist attacks in Mandera that resulted into killings of passengers travelling from Mandera to Nairobi. During the attack, the majority of those killed were said to be teachers who were going for their December break. Since the schools were to open in January, the Kenya National Union of Teachers (KNUT), an umbrella body for teachers in Kenya announced that none of its members (Teachers) would go back to Northern and North Eastern Kenya on professional practice. The Medical Practitioners Union also announced to its members to evacuate from North Eastern counties for security reasons. As security operations were ongoing in the county, teachers practicing Page 4 of 21

5 the profession in Garissa, Wajir and Mandera Counties refused to return to these terming insecurity. It was also reported that over 400 teachers pitched camp at Teachers Service Commission (TSC) headquarters in Nairobi demanding for transfer from Garissa, Mandera and Wajir counties. Schools in the three counties remained closed for a long time during the beginning of 1 st term early January, 2015.Despite numerous efforts by the National Government and leaders to have the teachers resume their profession in these counties, the teachers continued to insist on transfers and improved security in Garissa, Mandera and Wajir counties. Among other issues raised by the teachers included segregation based on religion. Some residential areas were alleged to restrict the rights of tenants by applying a subdued version of Islamic law that bars anything Christian and limits the freedom of movement and association such that non-muslim teachers alleged they don't stand a chance of rising to head any of the local schools and that promotions are hard to come by. Apart from the above mentioned incident, Mandera County continued to experience terror attacks targeting perceived non locals in the Mandera County. For instance, on 15 th March 2015, one person was killed and three others injured at Bulla Mpya area. The area remained tense with fears of possible further attacks by the terror group. On 13 th March 2015, at Sheikh Barrow village, Fino location, Lafey sub-county, Al-Shabaab members ambushed Mandera County Governor. Three persons lost their lives during the morning attacks. Five others sustained injuries and were airlifted to Nairobi for further treatment. The incident caused tension in the county and the neighboring counties too. Mandera County continues to draw attention both nationally and internationally due to several terrorist attacks which are likely to affect the economy and social make-up of the region, as most of its workers - skilled and unskilled are non-muslims from other parts of Kenya. Many of them - including nurses, teachers and other professionals fled Mandera after the various attacks, and this trend is likely to continue since the non locals feel unsafe and flee from the region. It is apparent that al-shabaab is attempting to fan a religious war between the Muslims and non- Muslims. It is also apparent that the northern part of the country provides vulnerable environment for the terrorist activities since occasionally, the terror group has always retreated back to Somali once they conduct attacks on Kenyan soil given the porous nature Kenya s border with Somalia. On the other hand, during the period under reporting, Laikipia County was relatively calm though there were incidences of cattle rustling, animal theft, armed robbery attacks and an upsurge of natural resources conflicts (pasture, land and water) attributed by movement of herders with their animals from Isiolo and Samburu counties being reported in Laikipia West. In Elgeyo Marakwet County, key conflict issues revolved around land and land disputes, politics, cattle rustling, proliferation of illicit small arms and light weapons and cross-border conflicts with neighboring counties. Turkana County experienced various challenges ranging from cross-border conflicts both with neighboring countries and counties. Droughts, harsh terrain, high way banditry, cattle rustling, proliferation of illicit SALW, insecurity and underdevelopment have also affected Turkana County. More specifically, banditry, cattle rustling, raids, and highway banditry attacks have been re- Page 5 of 21

6 occurring in Turkana County along the Lodwar-Kitale road and in Kainuk, Lomelo, Kakongu and Kalemong orok areas. These incidents contributed to the general insecurity in the county. It was also reported that the border between West Pokot and Turkana counties along the Turkwel River remained a flash point for banditry, cattle rustling and highway banditry attacks. This scenario created lots of tension between the Pokot and Turkana communities in the affected area leading to speculations of retaliatory attacks. For instance, 19 th February, 2015 journalists and local residents heading for a peace meeting were attacked by armed bandits while crossing Turkwel River at Lami Nyeusi at the West Pokot/Turkana counties border. During the incident a motorcyclist was shot dead by the bandits. On the same day, suspected Turkana bandits ambushed and killed a Pokot herd s boy who was grazing livestock at a watering point near Turkwel River at the West Pokot/Turkana counties border. Area KPRs rushed to the scene on hearing the gunshots and managed to repulse the bandits. No animals were reported stolen during the incident. It was also reported that security personnel were deployed to the affected area at the West Pokot/Turkana counties border. IV. KEY RESULTS This report documents key results achieved under the PBCS Programme. However, attempts will be made to bridge the same with activities conducted by other partners or actors in view to establish the linkage and synergy that the programme has been able to sustain building on the previous projects such as the CPP Programme, CTP Project among others. Result Area 1: Institutional capacity development for policy formulation, implementation and monitoring strengthened Policy and Strategy formulation: The ministry of interior held a consultative forum with the parliamentary committee on administration and national security. The purpose of the forum was to deepen understanding of roles and responsibilities of departments. This was also meant to enhance relationships between the departments and the Committee as critical partners in the delivery of significant public good, namely public safety and security for people of Kenya, and create an enabling environment for pursuing and attaining development aspirations as a country. Results: The ministry leveraged on the platform to advocate for the adoption of the Peace Policy when it is tabled before the National Assembly for discussion. A liaison unit was established to enhance interaction between the committee and officials of the ministry. The Committee to review performance of the Ministry on a quarterly basis to enhance accountability. The meeting recommended enhanced funding for Peace Structures The committee expressed interest in engaging more with the relevant directorates on matters to do with Pending Bills, Policies and Protocols. Policy and Strategy Implementation: Page 6 of 21

7 Elgeyo Marakwet County: It is reported that the county peace committee partnered with the NCIC to undertake consultative meeting on issues regarding cohesion in the county. Resulting from this partnership, stakeholders were able to identify challenges hindering cohesion. Key among these challenges were unequal resource distribution, limited and unequal access to land that is exasperated at the clan level. The local peace committee in collaboration with local leaders were able to resolve the conflict between Tulow Oil and the community and ensure that the mining activities take off uninterrupted. The county continues to constitute peace committees to ensure effectiveness in conflict management. In the reconstitution, gender, youth and persons with persons with disabilities were considered. Kwale County: There was enhanced partnership and awareness raising with stakeholders on matters to do with peace and security. As a result, there is improved interaction among different communities and information sharing among actors. Migori County: There was enhanced partnership and engagement of various stakeholders. The peace and security actors scaled up their efforts and recovered stolen livestock from Tanzania. There was enhanced funding from the County Government amounting to Kshs. 1.5 Million for peacebuilding initiatives for 2014/2015 financial year. Nairobi County: Technical planning committee was held to discuss the establishment of County Peace Structures. Resulting form this was the identifications of members to constitute the County Peace Forum drawn from CBOs, FBOs and corporate organizations. Secondly, the committee recommended reconstitution of 3 sub-county peace committees, namely, Makadara, Starehe and Dagoretti. The county in partnership with Global Communities facilitated a stakeholders forum to discuss strategies on networking and sharing of information on early warning and early response. As a result, the county has in place a strong network for information sharing to support conflict early warning and early response mechanisms in line with the current peace and conflict dynamics. Nyeri County: The County held community peace forums aimed at strengthening partnership and collaboration of stakeholders within the county. As a result, the county has reported enhanced sharing of information on early warning and early response among stakeholders. Tana River County: The County conducted meetings at the sub-county level for the purpose of enhancing information sharing and coordination of peace initiatives. The county also conducted six community peace and reconciliation meetings which have resulted into coordination of peace activities including planning on harmonized resource sharing and access, thus of minimizing conflict incidents during the dry spell. Trans Nzoia: The County conducted an inter-community peace dialogue meeting targeting community elders from West Pokot and residents elders from Chepchoina in Trans Nzoia County to address land dispute. Page 7 of 21

8 Chairman of Pokot elders introduces the Pokot elders leadership to the residence of Chepchoina. Through this joint meeting, a resolution was passed that would aid in forestalling future violent conflicts that may arise regarding the land on dispute until a pending court case is heard and determined. Uasin Gishu: The County conducted several peace and security meetings aimed at addressing among others gender based violence and peace dialogue meetings. Through the meetings, the county came up with strategies to curb insecurity which include enhancing the link between the community and law enforcement agencies for purpose of information sharing Peace and security meeting, local peace member contributing to the session To address the gender based violence in the county, a community sensitization forum was conducted. Resulting from this forum, a platform was established to enhance information sharing; a communication line was provided; and a focal person was appointed to deal with gender based violence issues. Page 8 of 21

9 Further, a county peace forum was held in which the terms of reference for constitution the county peace structures was adopted. This is important because it helps in instituting peace activities at the county level. Policy and Strategy Monitoring The NSC/PBCM tasked a team to conduct a monitoring mission to Nakuru, Bungoma Kisumu, Garissa, and Tana River Counties upon the disbursement of AIEs to respective Counties to facilitate grassroots peace building initiatives. These were the funds that were made available for the implementation of the joint program Deepening Foundations for Peace Building and Community Security in Kenya, by the Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National Government and UNDP. Results: Identification of the need for sensitization of county administrators and accounting officers on the guidelines for expenditure and reporting on PBCM initiatives being funded by the GoK/UNDP program. Necessity to provide a customized template for work plans, narrative reporting and financial reporting for the counties being supported by the GoK/UNDP program. Identification of the need to make mission teams more robust by including other key stakeholders. Need for more regular visits to follow up on operationalization of county peace forums and county peace secretariats including the reconstitution of peace committees. Result Area 2: Reduction of community security threats and response to conflicts, risks and disasters improved Under this output, the reduction of Community security threats and improved response to conflicts, risks and disasters is significant. During the reporting period, the following activities were implemented: Facilitate continuous crime research, documentation and dissemination During the reporting period SRIC continued capturing data on crime from print and digital media and also the NPS. The crime data is kept in a database for periodic analysis and information sharing. Results: Data capturing and Analysis: A total of 507 crime incidents were captured and analysed during the reporting period. Analysis indicates a 1% drop in crime when compared to same period in Other key findings on trends were that; murder incidences increased by 14%, theft by 88%, Defilement by 58% and rape by 7%. However, robbery reduced by 47%. 82 firearms were used to commit crime. Out of these, 31 were reported recovered. 843 ammunitions were also recovered. Information dissemination: During the reporting period, SRIC continued disseminating crime data and information through the organization s website: random sharing with walk- Page 9 of 21

10 in visitors, physical delivery of publications institutions and organizations and digital media outletssocial media platform: and Facebook fan page (Security Research and Information Centre). Media coverage: During the reporting period, various media houses continued to publish articles and other commentaries informed by SRIC reports. Below are some of the highlights: 3. Impact/ Public debates SRIC reports on crime observatory continue to elicit public interest and debates. The following statements are evidence of impact: Gachie slum in Nairobi is safer now than before courtesy of increased patrols by police. Recent times had seen Gachie and neighbouring areas, previously known for harbouring hard-core criminals, welcome new modern developments as investors started feeling more comfortable there. Read more at: In Kibra, crime in the area had drastically gone down because National Youth Service (NYS) officers had been deployed in the area. Mpasho news, March 19, In Nairobi CBD, Nairobi Area OCPD Paul Wanjama argues that they have deployed enough officers in those areas, so they are no longer any dangerous places in the CBD. Mpasho News, March 19, 2015 Page 10 of 21

11 Survey on Availability and Misuse of Firearms in Kenya: A case of Urban Town and Centres SRIC conducted a survey on Availability and Misuse of Firearms in Kenya: A case of Urban Town and Centres. The survey was informed by a trend which was noted from the crime database that showed an increased use of firearms in commission of crime and also the clamour for firearms by the clergy, politicians and businessmen among others. The main objective of the survey was to measure the availability and misuse of SALW in the commission of crime in Kenya s urban centres. Specifically the survey sought to: i. To identify crime trends and typologies in the selected urban centres ii. To ascertain the use and impact of arms in the commission of crime in the selected urban centres iii. To measure public perception on privately owned firearms and the motivating factors leading to demand for the acquisition of SALW. iv. To examine measures put in place by law enforcement officers to minimize misuse of SALW in urban centres The survey was conducted in Nairobi, Mombasa, Nakuru and Kisumu towns and centres. Data has been analysed and draft report ready for sharing. Preparation and Dissemination of Quarterly and Annual Crime Observatory Reports SRIC compiled, shared and published crime reports in her website. SRIC has also analysed national crime data captured from secondary sources; print media and other on-line sources and prepared a quarterly report. Output 2.3: Partnership and capacity development of non-state actors in conflict research, peacebuilding, and cohesion and community security. The PBCM Directorate in partnership with UN Women and UNDP under the Government of Kenya and UN joint Programme on Gender Equality and Women s Empowerment embarked on a process of engendering the National Conflict Early Warning and Early Warning infrastructure in November The initial phase of the process was concluded and the report validated on 26 th March 2014 at the Safari Park Hotel in Nairobi. Page 11 of 21

12 Members during the validation of the Report of Engendering NCEWERS at Safari park Hotel, Nairobi The Validation forum was attended by representatives from UNDP Kenya, UN Women, Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National Government, National Police Service (Regular and Administration Police), National Disaster Operations Centre (NDOC), National Intelligence Service (NIS), Gender Directorate, Peace Committee members and Civil Society Organisations among others. Key among the findings of the report/process include; 1. There is a general need for increased participation of grassroots women, youths and men in the Kenyan conflict early warning and early response system; 2. There is need for more awareness and information regarding UNSCR 1325, this will enhance its effective anchoring, especially as one moves to NCEWERS lower levels, such as the devolved and cascaded levels; 3. The current design of the Kenyan conflict early warning and early response system derives immense strength from District Peace Committees. Based on the alignments brought about by the new Constitution, transformation of district peace committees to Sub-County Peace Committees and cascading the same to lower levels, including with peace platforms will enhance the system s ability to effectively anticipate and prevent conflicts; 4. The Kenyan conflict early warning and early response system recognizes the role of women in peace-building and conflict management. However, there is need to increase gender balance in employments, deployments and formation of peace structures, especially with regard to the constitutional two-thirds principle; Page 12 of 21

13 5. Kenya has made strides in using technology in conflict early warning and early response. A good example is the SMS 108 platform through which early warning information can be shared. This platform, while commendable, needs further improvements to better address constraints that prevent its use by some members of the society. Such constraints include literacy levels and poor electricity and internet access, literacy levels and infrastructure (electricity, internet access, etc.) could form part of its implementation; 6. The formal design and structure of CEWERS could inhibit free information flow that is necessary for early warning and response; Involvement of youths (both girls and boys) is inadequate; 7. Sexual and Gender Based Violence (SGBV) cases during conflicts are still recognized as being high. Mechanisms to deal with SGBV need to be enhanced; furthermore, this reality should be taken into consideration when developing gender-sensitive indicators. 8. There is limited capacity (including resource flow) for conflict early warning and early response by women, youths and men at the devolved levels of government and at village levels, where the battlefield for early warning is. 9. Although devolution is a very noble model that Kenya adopted through the government supported constitutional review, and enactment of the new Constitution, it may be cushioning gender biases in some realms, of particular notice is leadership position for example, out of all the 47 counties, there is no woman elected governor. In Addition, during the reporting period, the early warning infrastructure managed to pick out salient conflict issues in various parts of the country such as Turkana, West Pokot, Samburu, Laikipia, Nairobi and Kwale among other counties as evidenced by the attached briefs. The issues were shared with the Conflict Analysis Group (CAG) and the Directorate Administration for onward transmission and action. Output 2.4: National and county level leadership capacities for collaboration and dialogue strengthened. The Ministry of Interior and Coordination of National Government coordinated peace and security forums for leaders from pastoral areas with a view to develop strategies. The forums, chaired by the Cabinet Secretary in the Ministry of Interior were held at the Boma Hotel on 7 January 2015; in Kitale in February 2015 and in Kainuk in March With the support of Bishop Korir, a renowned peace mediator in the country, the forums drew strategies for peace and security; and also visited communities in the pastoral areas to disseminate the same. The resolutions of the consultative forum of North Rift and Upper Eastern leaders acknowledged that peace and security is a prerequisite for socio-economic development as it was also in the Page 13 of 21

14 recognition of the forum that it is within the individual and collective responsibility to promote peace at the county level. Results: 1. Acknowledgement that existing resolutions can address the conflict and restore the of rule of law 2. Identification of existing gap for strategies to eradicate small arms and light weapons 3. Consensus on the need to formulate coordination mechanisms among leaders, security agencies and County governments. Engagement with the political leadership The NSC/PBCM Directorate in collaboration with the Pastoralist Parliamentary Group (PPG) Secretariat and other stakeholders, i.e. KRDP through NDMA, DfID through IIED, CORDAID, CEMIRIDE and County Government of Narok convened a Pastoralists Leadership Forum Workshop on 27th 1st March 2015 at Keekorok lodge with an aim of ending inter-communal conflict with the focus on accelerating development in pastoral areas. The forum targeted stakeholder participants from 17 pastoral counties in Kenya as well as a team of technical experts who were drawn from relevant government and non-government institutions. The specific objectives of the forum were: Results: 1. To secure commitment of the Pastoralist Leadership Forum (PLF) to end Inter-communal conflict in pastoral areas. 2. To critically reflect on the past peace interventions and current dynamics with a view of instituting innovative approach for ending inter-communal conflicts. 3. To adopt a common platform of action at national and community levels. 4. To mobilize resources and establish structures to support PLF plan of action. The forum acknowledged the existence of resolutions signed between the County Governments and the National Government (Nanyuki Resolution) to work to minimize conflict between the National and County governments occasioned by devolution of certain functions. The resolution stipulates how the two can cooperate for peace and security. Page 14 of 21

15 The forum recognized the existence of Sessional Paper No. 5 of 2014 on National policy for Peacebuilding and Conflict Management that is instrumental in addressing the legal and policy issues concerning peace building and conflict management in Kenya. The forum recommended the need for the PPG and other actors to fast-track that the relevant policies that will bring to an end the cycle of inter-ethnic conflicts in the pastoral areas by putting in place county-specific interventions where the leaders take a center stage in propelling and overseeing the implementation of such policies. On the roadmap to ending intercommunal conflicts in the pastoralist areas, the forum proposed to rethink security and justice system in pastoral areas which are in dire need for reforms in terms of improving the police-to-civilian ratio as well as putting efforts to facilitate the National Police Reservists in the Pastoral areas. There is need to strengthen the Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanism in settling intercommunal disputes based on the existence of strong customary laws composed of elders systems which have been successfully instrumental in the past to settle disputes. It was observed that political means have always influenced the conflict by mobilization and incitement through hate speech. It was re-affirmed that the respect attached to the leaders by their community s bestows them significant influence on the tribes/clans to easily manipulate. It was therefore agreed that there is need for political accountability among the leaders of the region. It was suggested that the PLF should establish a monitoring team that will check political actions that are likely to cause inter-communal tensions. This is critical in addressing political transition challenges and to avoid periodic relapse of violence. There was need to put in place the Pastoralist Leadership Summit in order to chart way forward for further engagement by the leaders and stakeholders from the pastoralist areas. Outcome 5.1: Increased knowledge and transformational practice on national reconciliation, cohesion and integration Bungoma County: Bungoma County held a peace and cohesion meeting targeting leaders from Mt. Elgon Sub-county. The meeting was held on the backdrop of the fact that there has been negative and excruciating impacts of decade-long intractable and incessant violent conflicts on the people of Bungoma and Mt. Elgon in particular. It was the desire of the target communities to promote peace, cohesion, reconciliation and security in the region while also applauding the efforts that have been made so far to ensure that peace and security prevails in Mt. Elgon and the larger Bungoma County. The meeting adopted the following resolutions: Page 15 of 21

16 1. To unconditionally commit to embrace non-violent means to manage political differences and resolve communal conflicts. 2. That any leader found engaging in hate speech and funding violent activities should be arrested and prosecuted. 3. That current and former political leaders notably Deputy Governor, Members of Parliament, Members of County Assembly and community leaders set aside their differences and engage in constructive dialogue for sustainable peace and development. 4. That elected leaders at National and County Government will respect their distinct roles and responsibilities and henceforth work in collaboration and consultation in the spirit of mutual respect. 5. That leaders and aspirants who will have been found culpable of violating Leadership and Integrity Act 2012 be barred from elective seats and the public offices. 6. That the Sabaot Supreme Council of Elders be respected and facilitated to manage and resolve intra and inter-ethnic conflict in accordance with Article 189 (4) of the Constitution of Kenya That relevant state institutions and agencies investigate allegations of past and on-going human rights violations prevalent in Mt. Elgon and take appropriate action. 8. That the relevant state agencies utilize the existing government records and ensure their re-settlement in Chepyuk settlement scheme. 9. That law enforcement agencies promptly act on actionable intelligence provided by the public and treat that information with utmost confidentiality. 10. That the leaders support community driven disarmament by the police and military operation to mop up illegal firearms within the region. 11. That the resources (financial and human) at both levels of government are shared in a fair, transparent, equitable and non-discriminatory manner in accordance with the law. 12. That Parliament should fast-track the process of adoption and approval of the Truth Justice and Reconciliation Commission report to address historical injustices and drivers of violence in Mt Elgon. The resolutions were signed for adoption by political leaders (both current and former members of parliament), representatives of the County Government of Bungoma, County and Sub-county intelligence committee representatives, Bungoma County Peace Committee Members and Supreme Council of Elders, representatives from Faith Based Organizations and Youth Representatives. Annual Workshop for Drama Teachers The Commission has over the years been a thematic sponsor of the National Drama Festivals under the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MoEST). In this partnership with the Ministry of Education, the Commission participated in the Annual Drama Trainers Workshop from 27 th to 30 th January 2015 in Baringo County. Page 16 of 21

17 The workshop targeted drama script writers from across the country. The script writers were trained on how to develop scripts that reflect the theme of the drama festival and also mainstreaming of specific themes of the various festival sponsors. After the training the trainers cascaded the trainings to other drama teachers at the local level. During this training the Commission presented a paper on Promoting Cohesion and National Unity and also sensitized and lobbied for mainstreaming of cohesion and integration theme in the drama festivals. Kibabii and Laikipia University Cultural Week Celebrating each other s culture promotes tolerance for diversity and sustains peaceful coexistence among people of different ethnic and religious backgrounds. The Commission encourages the meeting of diversity and the celebration of strengths of the diverse peoples of Kenya as has always been done in institutions of higher learning and other socialization structures such as the Loiyangalani festivals. In the period under review, the Commission sponsored and participated in the annual Kibabii University College Cultural Week, held in March The theme of the cultural week was Embracing Cultural Diversity for National Integration, Innovation and Holistic Development. The cultural week in Laikipia University was also held in March 2015 and the theme was Embracing National Cohesion through Cultural Diversity. The Commission engaged with the University Peace Unit Programme and the Cultural Week group members where sensitisation on the establishment and operations of Amani Clubs in institutions of higher learning was done. During the cultural week IEC materials on promoting cohesion and integration were disseminated and the students engaged on appreciation and respect for diversity. The Commission not only uses this forum as a platform for sharing national values, but also challenges the youths to embrace social responsibility. Kakamega and Nandi Cross Border Meeting The Commission toured the Kamungey Location on the Nandi escarpment bordering Kakamega County. This visit was informed by the clashes that rocked the border in the month of November, 2014 and resulted in destruction of property. The clashes occurred as a result of dispute over land compounded with boundary dispute. In addition, the Commission held stakeholder meetings comprising the Governor, area Member of Parliament, County and sub-county security and Intelligence Committees, Members of County Assembly, Council of elders, religious leaders, youth, women, persons with disabilities, chiefs, peace committees on the 22nd January 2015 to foster friendly as well as peaceful relations between the Nandi and Luhyia communities. After extensive consultations and discussions, the leadership and Nandi community as a whole resolved to coexist with their neighbors (the Luhya). The area member of parliament pledged Kshs. 500, 000 to support the construction of the police post at the Nandi side of the escarpment while Page 17 of 21

18 the leadership from Kakamega county pledged to construct a common market at the border. As a way of sustaining peace and building trust among the two communities, it was recommended that a joint leaders and a joint community forum drawing representatives from both Counties be held. Lamu Conversation on Peaceful Co-existence The Commission held a forum on peaceful co-existence in Lamu County on 17 th January, The forum coincided with Maulidi celebration held annually by the Islamic faithful with the celebrations ending at the coastal Island town of Lamu. Maulidi is the popular name given to Milad-un-Nabi an Islamic festival held during the third month of the Muslim calendar to celebrate the birth of Prophet Mohammed. The forum was conducted in partnership with the Supreme Council of Kenya Muslims (SUPKEM). Participants of the workshop were drawn from religious leaders, community leaders, youth, the County Government and the Office of the County Commissioner. The objective of the forum was to seek ways to consolidate efforts and strategies towards the promotion of peaceful co-existence among the people of Lamu. Peaceful co-existence irrespective of the ancestral, cultural, ethnic and religious background is paramount for meaningful and sustainable development to be realised. The forum deliberated at length on security and cohesion challenges in the county and came up with concrete recommendations on how the challenges can be addressed. Participants of the Lamu Peace Meeting Mandera Peace Workshop On 12th September 2014, the President appointed Hon. Francis Ole Kaparo, Chairman, NCIC and Hon. Senator Mohamed Yusuf Haji, Senator, Garissa County as mediators to the Mandera and Wajir conflict with a view to finding a lasting, just and equitable solution to the conflict. The Commission is a member of the Mediation Committee Secretariat tasked in offering technical expertise on cohesion related issues and further support in implementing recommendations from the Committee. The Committee with the support of the Commission held a two day meeting in March, 2015 in Nairobi, which brought together over 80 political, religious, women and youth leaders from the Page 18 of 21

19 Garre and Degodia clans among others. The aim of the meeting was to establish the status of peace in Mandera and Wajir Counties. From the meeting, the leaders recommended the importance of sustaining the earlier signed ceasefire agreement between the Garre, Degodia and other clans from the two Counties. Leaders were advised to encourage their communities to work together through engaging in social, political and economic activities. The National Government was strongly advised to fast track the process of releasing funds to the Mediation Committee so as to assist them in implementing conflict interventions. County Public Service Board Chairpersons Caucus The Chairpersons of the County Public Service Boards (CPSBs) of the Forty Seven counties held a Caucus in March, 2015 in Nanyuki. The objective of the caucus was to sensitize the members on the modalities of exercising and reporting on the mandates and responsibilities of CPSBs in ensuring equality and inclusivity in employment at the County level. The Commission made a presentation reinforcing the need to ensure diversity in the county public service as provided for in Article 232 of the Constitution of Kenya, Section 7 (1) of the NCI Act and Section 65 of the County Governments Act. Through the forum the duty bearers were sensitized on their constitutional and legal obligations in regard to inclusivity and diversity in recruitment. As a result, the County Public Service Boards, committees to ensure compliance with the legal provisions in regard to ensuring diversity in employment. They await the County Ethnic and Diversity Audit Report which shall be released by the Commission in the next quarter. NCIC Chairperson Hon. Francis Ole Kaparo addressing participants during the County Public Service Boards Caucus in Nanyuki Page 19 of 21

20 County Forums on the Minimum Standards and Principles for Recruitment The Commission has continued to disseminate the Guidelines on the minimum standards and principles to ensure inclusivity and diversity in recruitment in the counties. This dissemination is being conducted during county sensitization forums. The Commission targeted the County Public Service Boards and County Assembly Service Boards in charge of recruitment at the county level. During these forums the ethnic audit of the respective County Public Service was shared with the Boards and discussions on the challenges and recommendations to ensure inclusiveness and compliance with the law were shared. In the period under review forums were conducted in Tana River, Kilifi, Homabay, Migori, Nyamira and Bomet Counties. Through these forums, awareness has been created among the duty bearers at the county level on the constitutional and legal provisions on inclusivity and diversity in recruitment. In addition the county governments have committed and given an undertaking to implement the guidelines and progressive work towards complying with the NCI Act Section 7 and the County Governments Act Section 65. NCIC Team during a meeting with Migori County Public Service Board IV. CHALLENGES AND CONSTRAINTS Implementation of the Programme during the period under review was coupled with some challenges and constraints: Inability to fully execute implementation plans due to financial constraints; Declining support to Peace Committees with possible focus on county level approach Bureaucratic processes in disbursement of funds to the Counties Staffing limitations and delayed recruitment of the Peace Coordinators and the PMCU. Page 20 of 21

21 Conflict dynamics at the county level, it has been observed that challenges that affect the Counties are the likelihood of political temperature rising, thus posing a threat to the peace stability gained so far. It has also been observed that negative ethnicity/clanism seem to be emerging, thus the need for sensitization on peaceful coexistence. V. LESSONS LEARNED Among the key lessons learned during the July-September 2014 reporting period include the following: Synergy between the National and County level actors and partners is critical for conflict prevention, management, resolution (CPMR) and peacebuilding processes; Sharing of conflict early warning information horizontally (with local actors) is key in mobilizing local resources and efforts for early response and is less costly. Coordination and information sharing among actors is critical for CPMR. VI. FINANCIAL IMPLEMENTATION All project financial and accounting reports were documented and submitted to UNDP for integration into the Combined Delivery Reports (CDRs). VII. LOOKING AHEAD For the remaining part of the financial year, the programme will prioritise activities critical to delivering desired outputs that lead to attainment of the programme outcomes. This however will depend heavily on available financial and human resources. Page 21 of 21