FSD1015. Finnish Voter Barometer Codebook

Transcription

1 FSD1015 Finnish Voter Barometer 1988 Codebook FINNISH SOCIAL SCIENCE DATA ARCHIVE

2 c Finnish Social Science Data Archive, 2000 The bibliographic citation for this codebook: Finnish Voter Barometer 1988 [codebook]. Tampere : Finnish Social Science Data Archive [producer and distributor], This codebook has been generated from the version 3.0 ( ) of the data. Detailed and specific data description in Finnish and English. Variable frequencies, filter variables, variable and value labels, and missing values are checked. If necessary, the data are anonymised. Finnish Social Science Data Archive FIN University of Tampere FSD User Services: asiakaspalvelu.fsd@uta.fi Aila Data Service Portal: Finnish Social Science Data Archive Typeset by L A TEX $ Koodikirjoitin.py :57: $

3 To the reader This codebook is part of the data FSD1015 archived at the FSD (Finnish Social Science Data Archive). The source must be acknowledged in any publication based wholly or in part on the data. The bibliographic citation may be in the form required by the publication, or in the form suggested by the archive. The bibliographic citation suggested by the archive: Finnish Voter Barometer 1988 [computer file]. FSD1015, version 3.0 ( ). Gallup Finland [data collection], University of Helsinki. Department of Political Science & Gallup Finland [producers]. Tampere: Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor], The depositor and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the secondary use of the data. The archive must be informed of all publications where the data have been used. The beginning of the codebook contains information on data content, structure and collection, and includes a list of publications where the data have been used. The second part of the codebook contains information on variables: question texts, response options, and frequencies. The third part contains indexes. Variable distributions presented in this codebook have been generated from the SPSS files. Distribution tables present variable values, frequencies (n), frequency percents (%), and valid percents (v. %) which take into account missing data. All distributions are unweighted. If the data contain weight variables, these will be found at the end of the variables list. In some cases frequency distributions have been substituted by descriptive statistics. Distributions may contain missing data. The note "System missing (SYSMIS)" refers to missing observations (e.g. a respondent has not answered all questions) whereas "Missing (User missing)" refers to data the user has defined as missing. For example, the user may decide to code answer alternatives don t want to say or can t say ) as missing data. This codebook has been produced automatically with Python, L A TEXand dvipdfm software. Source files include data description files in DDI format, and SPSS files.

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5 Contents 1 Study description Titles Subject description Structure and collection of the data Use of data Variables 7 3 Indexes Variables in the order of occurrence Variables in alphabetical order A Abbreviations of Finnish Political Parties 187 B naire in Finnish 189 i

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7 Chapter 1 Study description 1.1 Titles Title of the study: Finnish Voter Barometer 1988 Title of the study in Finnish: Puolueiden ajankohtaistutkimus 1988 This codebook has been generated from the version 3.0 ( ) of the data. Detailed and specific data description in Finnish and English. Variable frequencies, filter variables, variable and value labels, and missing values are checked. If necessary, the data are anonymised. 1.2 Subject description Other material naire: pdf file in Finnish Authoring entity Gallup Finland Department of Political Science (University of Helsinki) Institutions mentioned in the general description of the survey series Copyright statement for the data According to an agreement between FSD and the depositor Depositor Gallup Finland 1

8 1. Study description Date of deposit Keywords elections; Finland; municipal elections; parliamentary elections; political attitudes; political behaviour; presidential elections; voting Topic Classification Classification by FSD vocabulary: political studies Classification by CESSDA vocabulary: mass political behaviour, attitudes/opinion Series description The data belong to the series: Finnish Voter Barometers The Finnish Voter Barometer surveys are commissioned by the major parties in the Parliament. In election years, other sponsors have also been involved. Up till 1988, the surveys were planned by Gallup Finland (TNS Gallup Ltd) and the Department of Political and Economic Studies at the University of Helsinki, in collaboration with the political parties. After 1988, the planning has been in the hands of Gallup Finland and the parties. From 1973 to 1990, the annual voter barometers were collected mainly with face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires, interviews/barometer. Since 1991, the data have been collected with GallupChannel (PC s installed in respondents homes). No surveys were conducted in 1985 and Survey themes include voting behaviour, opinions on the government and the parties, and attitudes towards national political issues. In addition, respondents economic expectations and political participation have often been studied, as well as their opinions on local politics, and the significance of the party leader to a party. Background variables have often included the social class of the respondent and the household head, economic activity of the household head, respondent s education, age, mother tongue, gender, party membership, political views, trade union membership, and family s annual income. There are also regional variables. Even though the variables are not always fully comparable from one survey to another, all kinds of comparisons over time are possible. The FSD collections cover data from Abstract The variables describe the following: interest in politics, left/right dimension, voting in the parliamentary elections, voting in the 1988 municipal elections, important issues in society, party 2

9 1.3. Structure and collection of the data leader s significance to party support, attitude towards the actions of the parties, satisfaction in the government, political activity, participation in environmental action, and opinions on the tax reform. Some variables are connected with the interview and the social structure of the sample. 1.3 Structure and collection of the data Country: Finland Geographic coverage: Finland Unit of analysis: Individual Universe: Finnish population aged 18 or over, excluding the Åland Islands Collection date: Data collector: Gallup Finland Data producer: Gallup Finland; University of Helsinki. Department of Political Science Mode of data collection: Face-to-face interview Type of research instrument: Structured questionnaire Time period covered: 1988 Time method of the data collection: Longitudinal: Trend/Repeated cross-section Number of variables and cases: The data contain 399 variables and 1047 cases. Sampling procedure: Stratified multistage sampling At first, the target population was stratified according to the number of inhabitants aged 18 or over in each province and in the second stage, by municipality group within each province. Municipalities were classified into five groups on the basis of their level of industrialisation. The stratifying frame achieved in this manner was used to count how many interviews should be done in the municipalities of each municipality group in order to have a geographically and demographically representative sample. The municipalities in the sample have been selected with the Deming zone selection method. This method is based on the use of random numbers and gives each municipality an equal chance to be selected, although municipalities with large population have a better chance to be selected. A municipality may be sampled more than once - in which case more than one starting point is drawn for that municipality. The interviews were conducted in clusters of four subjects using the starting point method. The starting points were drawn from the population register, selecting individuals born on the 5th of any month, and then selecting starting addresses among them from the sample municipalities at fixed intervals. The first interview was conducted at the starting point, after which the interviewer proceeded to the next three households. The individual chosen for the interview had to correspond to the age and sex criteria defined in the selection card. If necessary, there was one follow-up per subject. Interviews were conducted in 37 cities and 52 rural municipalities. The number of respondents was 1,030. 3

10 1. Study description 1.4 Use of data Related publications Borg, Olavi & Raivio, Risto & Sänkiaho, Risto (1989). Kahden lipun vaalit. Tutkimus äänestämisestä 1988 presidentinvaaleissa. Tampere: Tampereen yliopisto. Tampereen yliopisto. Politiikan tutkimuksen laitos. Tutkimuksia; 103. Borg, Sami (2006). Käsitykset kansalaisuudesta ja omista vaikuttamismahdollisuuksista. Teoksessa: Suomen demokratiaindikaattorit (toim. Sami Borg), Helsinki: Oikeusministeriö. Oikeusministeriön julkaisu 2006:1. Borg, Sami & Ruostetsaari, Ilkka (2002). Suuret ikäluokat ja valta. Hyvinvointikatsaus 1/2002, Grönlund, Kimmo & Paloheimo, Heikki & Wass, Hanna (2005). Äänestysosallistuminen. Teoksessa: Vaalit ja demokratia Suomessa (toim. Heikki Paloheimo), Helsinki: WSOY. Karvonen, Lauri (2014). Parties, Governments and Voters in Finland. Politics under Fundamental Societal Transformation. Colchester. ECPR Press Paloheimo, Heikki (2002). Hallituksen toimintaan ja puoluejohdon taitavuuteen kohdistuva arviointi puoluekannatuksen selittäjänä. Politiikka 44(2), Paloheimo, Heikki (2003). Miten äänestäjät valitsevat puolueen? Politiikka 45(3), Paloheimo, Heikki (2005). Puoluevalinnan tilannetekijät. Teoksessa: Vaalit ja demokratia Suomessa (toim. Heikki Paloheimo), Helsinki: WSOY. Paloheimo, Heikki (2005). Vaalit ja demokratia Suomessa. Helsinki: WSOY. Paloheimo, Heikki (2006). Asenteet poliittisia instituutioita ja toimijoita kohtaan. Teoksessa: Suomen demokratiaindikaattorit (toim. Sami Borg), Helsinki: Oikeusministeriö. Oikeusministeriön julkaisu 2006:1. Quinlan, Stephen (2012). The Conundrum of Youth Turnout. A Cross-national Examination of Generational Processes. Dublin, IE: University College Dublin, IE. Doctoral Dissertation. Suomen demokratiaindikaattorit (2006). Toim. Sami Borg. Helsinki: Oikeusministeriö. Oikeusministeriön julkaisu 2006:1. Wass, Hanna (2007). The effects of age, generation and period on turnout in Finland Electoral Studies 26(3), Wass, Hanna (2008). Generations and turnout: Generational effect in electoral participation in Finland. Helsinki: University of Helsinki. Department of Political Science. Acta Politica 35. Updated list of publications in the study description at Location of the data collection Finnish Social Science Data Archive 4

11 1.4. Use of data Weighting There are no weight variables in the data. Restrictions The dataset is available for research, teaching and study. 5

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13 Chapter 2 Variables [FSD_NO] FSD study number FSD study number Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1047 minimum maximum mean standard deviation 0.00 [FSD_VR] FSD edition number FSD edition number Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1047 minimum 3.00 maximum 3.00 mean 3.00 standard deviation

14 2. Variables [FSD_PRO] FSD processing level FSD processing level A (see codebook) 1 B (see codebook) C (data hasn t been checked at FSD) [FSD_ID] FSD case id FSD case id Descriptive statistics statistic value number of valid cases 1047 minimum 1.00 maximum mean standard deviation [Q1_1] What are you most worried about at present: AIDS/HIV What are you most worried about at present: AIDS/HIV not mentioned mentioned

15 Q1_4 [Q1_2] What are you most worried about at present: Employment What are you most worried about at present: Employment not mentioned mentioned [Q1_3] What are you most worried about at present: War What are you most worried about at present: War not mentioned mentioned [Q1_4] What are you most worried about at present: Pollution What are you most worried about at present: Pollution not mentioned mentioned

16 2. Variables [Q1_5] What are you most worried about at present: Housing situation What are you most worried about at present: Housing situation not mentioned mentioned [Q1_6] What are you most worried about at present: Livelihood What are you most worried about at present: Livelihood not mentioned mentioned [Q1_7] What are you most worried about at present: Strikes What are you most worried about at present: Strikes not mentioned mentioned

17 Q1_10 [Q1_8] What are you most worried about at present: Health What are you most worried about at present: Health not mentioned mentioned [Q1_9] What are you most worried about at present: Famine What are you most worried about at present: Famine not mentioned mentioned [Q1_10] What are you most worried about at present: Energy, nuclear power What are you most worried about at present: Energy, nuclear power not mentioned mentioned

18 2. Variables [Q1_11] What are you most worried about at present: Future of the young What are you most worried about at present: Future of the young not mentioned mentioned [Q1_12] What are you most worried about at present: Depopulation of rural areas What are you most worried about at present: Depopulation of rural areas not mentioned mentioned [Q1_13] What are you most worried about at present: Conditions for the elderly What are you most worried about at present: Conditions for the elderly not mentioned mentioned

19 Q1_16 [Q1_14] What are you most worried about at present: Finnish politics What are you most worried about at present: Finnish politics not mentioned mentioned [Q1_15] What are you most worried about at present: Day care of children What are you most worried about at present: Day care of children not mentioned mentioned [Q1_16] What are you most worried about at present: Prise increases What are you most worried about at present: Prise increases not mentioned mentioned

20 2. Variables [Q1_17] What are you most worried about at present: Violence What are you most worried about at present: Violence not mentioned mentioned [Q1_18] What are you most worried about at present: Rat-racing (competitive struggle to have a higher living standard than others) What are you most worried about at present: Rat-racing (competitive struggle to have a higher living standard than others) not mentioned mentioned [Q1_19] What are you most worried about at present: Taxation What are you most worried about at present: Taxation not mentioned mentioned

21 Q1_22 [Q1_20] What are you most worried about at present: Structural change in Finland What are you most worried about at present: Structural change in Finland not mentioned mentioned [Q1_21] What are you most worried about at present: Private matters What are you most worried about at present: Private matters not mentioned mentioned [Q1_22] What are you most worried about at present: General state of affairs in the world What are you most worried about at present: General state of affairs in the world not mentioned mentioned

22 2. Variables [Q1_23] What are you most worried about at present: Something else What are you most worried about at present: Something else not mentioned mentioned [Q1_24] What are you most worried about at present: Nothing in particular What are you most worried about at present: Nothing in particular not mentioned mentioned [Q1_25] What are you most worried about at present: Can t say What are you most worried about at present: Can t say not mentioned mentioned

23 Q3_2 [Q2] Respondent s own interest in politics Respondent s own interest in politics very interested interested to some extent not very interested not at all interested can t say [Q3_1] Where would you place on a left-right axis: Yourself Where would you place on a left-right axis: Yourself left right can t say [Q3_2] Where would you place on a left-right axis: Presidential candidate Harri Holkeri Where would you place on a left-right axis: Presidential candidate Harri Holkeri 17

24 2. Variables left right can t say [Q3_3] Where would you place on a left-right axis: Presidential candidate Jouko Kajanoja Where would you place on a left-right axis: Presidential candidate Jouko Kajanoja left right can t say [Q3_4] Where would you place on a left-right axis: Presidential candidate Kalevi Kivistö Where would you place on a left-right axis: Presidential candidate Kalevi Kivistö 18

25 Q3_6 left right can t say [Q3_5] Where would you place on a left-right axis: Presidential candidate Mauno Koivisto Where would you place on a left-right axis: Presidential candidate Mauno Koivisto left right can t say [Q3_6] Where would you place on a left-right axis: Presidential candidate Paavo Väyrynen Where would you place on a left-right axis: Presidential candidate Paavo Väyrynen 19

26 2. Variables left right can t say [Q4] How many presidential candidates did you seriously consider when deciding who to vote for? How many presidential candidates did you seriously consider when deciding who to vote for? only one two more than two no-one can t say [Q5] When did you make your final decision whether to vote or not? When did you make your final decision whether to vote or not? in good time before the election (continued on next page) 20

27 Q7 (cont. from previous page) two weeks before the election during the week preceding the election on the election day can t say [Q6] Did you vote in the presidential election? Did you vote in the presidential election? yes no System missing (SYSMIS) [Q7] When did you decide which presidential candidate to vote for? When did you decide which presidential candidate to vote for? on one of the two election days some days before the election about a week before the election about two weeks before the election a month or two before the election more than two months before the election can t say

28 2. Variables [Q8] When did you decide the elector candidate of which party or group to vote for? When did you decide the elector candidate of which party or group to vote for? on one of the two election days some days before the election about a week before the election about two weeks before the election a month or two before the election more than two months before the election can t say [Q9] When did you vote? When did you vote? voted in advance (early voting) on the first election/polling day on the second election/polling day System missing (SYSMIS) [Q10] In the 1988 election, voters could vote both for a presidential candidate and an elector. How difficult did you find the use of two ballots in the election? In the 1988 election, voters could vote both for a presidential candidate and an elector. How difficult did you find the use of two ballots in the election? 22

29 Q12_1 very difficult rather difficult not very difficult not at all difficult can t say [Q11] How did you vote, i.e., did you use both ballots? How did you vote, i.e., did you use both ballots? voted both for a presidential and elector candidate voted only for a presidential candidate voted only for an elector cast an invalid vote for both can t say [Q12_1] Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: It is the person that matters in this election Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: It is the person that matters in this election not mentioned mentioned

30 2. Variables [Q12_2] Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: As a protest against electoral college Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: As a protest against electoral college not mentioned mentioned [Q12_3] Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: To ensure the choice of the presidential candidate Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: To ensure the choice of the presidential candidate not mentioned mentioned [Q12_4] Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: It is democratic Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: It is democratic 24

31 Q12_7 not mentioned 0 mentioned [Q12_5] Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: I hardly ever vote anyway Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: I hardly ever vote anyway not mentioned 0 mentioned [Q12_6] Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: Statistics Finland... Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: Statistics Finland... not mentioned 0 mentioned [Q12_7] Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: No suitable... Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: No suitable... 25

32 2. Variables not mentioned mentioned [Q12_8] Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: No suitable... Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: No suitable... not mentioned mentioned [Q12_9] Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: Other reason Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: Other reason not mentioned mentioned

33 Q14_1 [Q12_10] Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: Can t say Why did you vote only for presidential candidate or cast an invalid vote in both ballots: Can t say not mentioned mentioned [Q13] When you vote, do you consider the presidential candidate or the party more important? When you vote, do you consider the presidential candidate or the party more important? presidential candidate more important political party/group more important both are equally important to me can t say [Q14_1] In the direct vote, was it difficult for you to choose the presidential candidate to vote for? In the direct vote, was it difficult for you to choose the presidential candidate to vote for? 27

34 2. Variables very difficult rather difficult not very difficult not at all difficult can t say [Q14_2] In the indirect vote, was it difficult for you to choose the party/group to vote for? In the indirect vote, was it difficult for you to choose the party/group to vote for? very difficult rather difficult not very difficult not at all difficult can t say [Q15] If the presidential elections were held now, with the same presidential candidates, would you vote for the same candidate that you voted in the actual election? If the presidential elections were held now, with the same presidential candidates, would you vote for the same candidate that you voted in the actual election? definitely I would probably I would probably I would not definitely I would not can t say (continued on next page) 28

35 Q16_3 (cont. from previous page) [Q16_1] Why would you not vote for the same candidate again: No longer any need to protest Why would you not vote for the same candidate again: No longer any need to protest not mentioned mentioned [Q16_2] Why would you not vote for the same candidate again: Changed opinion Why would you not vote for the same candidate again: Changed opinion not mentioned mentioned [Q16_3] Why would you not vote for the same candidate again: Passing whim Why would you not vote for the same candidate again: Passing whim 29

36 2. Variables not mentioned 0 mentioned [Q16_4] Why would you not vote for the same candidate again: Other reason Why would you not vote for the same candidate again: Other reason not mentioned mentioned [Q16_5] Why would you not vote for the same candidate again: Can t say Why would you not vote for the same candidate again: Can t say not mentioned mentioned [Q17A] Regarding the direct vote, what was the main reason for your choice of the presidential candidate? Regarding the direct vote, what was the main reason for your choice of the presidential candidate? 30

37 Q17B_2 foreign policy government composition ideological reasons television appearance personal characteristics taxation circumstances for families with children defends the weak unemployment promotes the interests of entrepreneurs promotes reforms in labour market regional policy changed opinion no other option promotes the interests of employees long experience good record best alternative president for the entire nation domestic policy other reason can t say [Q17B_1] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: foreign policy Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: foreign policy not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_2] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: government composition Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: government composition 31

38 2. Variables not mentioned 0 mentioned [Q17B_3] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: ideological reasons Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: ideological reasons not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_4] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: television appearance Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: television appearance not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_5] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: personal characteristics Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: personal characteristics 32

39 Q17B_8 not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_6] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: taxation Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: taxation not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_7] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: circumstances for families with children Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: circumstances for families with children not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_8] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: defends the weak Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: defends the weak 33

40 2. Variables not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_9] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: unemployment Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: unemployment not mentioned 0 mentioned [Q17B_10] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: promotes the interests of entrepreneurs Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: promotes the interests of entrepreneurs not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_11] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: reforms in labour market Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: reforms in labour market 34

41 Q17B_14 not mentioned 0 mentioned [Q17B_12] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: regional policy Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: regional policy not mentioned 0 mentioned [Q17B_13] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: changed opinion Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: changed opinion not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_14] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: no other option Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: no other option 35

42 2. Variables not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_15] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: promotes the interests of employees Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: promotes the interests of employees not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_16] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: long experience Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: long experience not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_17] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: good record Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: good record 36

43 Q17B_20 not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_18] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: best alternative Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: best alternative not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_19] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: president for the entire nation Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: president for the entire nation not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_20] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: domestic policy Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: domestic policy 37

44 2. Variables not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_21] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: other reason Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: other reason not mentioned mentioned [Q17B_22] Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: can t say Other reason for your choice of presidential candidate: can t say not mentioned mentioned [Q18_1] To what extent was your choice influenced by the candidate s views on foreign policy To what extent was your choice influenced by the candidate s views on foreign policy 38

45 Q18_3 influenced a lot influenced to some extent had hardly any influence can t say [Q18_2] ] To what extent was your choice influenced by the candidate s views on government composition ] To what extent was your choice influenced by the candidate s views on government composition influenced a lot influenced to some extent had hardly any influence can t say [Q18_3] ] To what extent was your choice influenced by the candidate s ideological background ] To what extent was your choice influenced by the candidate s ideological background influenced a lot influenced to some extent had hardly any influence can t say

46 2. Variables [Q18_4] ] To what extent was your choice influenced by the candidate s performance on television ] To what extent was your choice influenced by the candidate s performance on television influenced a lot influenced to some extent had hardly any influence can t say [Q18_5] ] To what extent was your choice influenced by the image of the candidate as a person ] To what extent was your choice influenced by the image of the candidate as a person influenced a lot influenced to some extent had hardly any influence can t say [Q19] Of the six presidential election systems mentioned below, which one do you consider the best? Of the six presidential election systems mentioned below, which one do you consider the best? 40

47 Q21A_1 previous system: electoral college with 301 electors present system: voting both for candidate and elector two-round direct vote, second round if no majority presidential and parliamentary elections in parallel two-round direct vote, top two candidates in second r Parliament chooses the president can t say System missing (SYSMIS) [Q20] Did you vote in the 1987 parliamentary elections? Did you vote in the 1987 parliamentary elections? yes no can t remeber [Q21A_1] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: not mentioned mentioned

48 2. Variables [Q21A_2] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Kalevi Kivistö Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Kalevi Kivistö not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_3] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Eeva Kuuskoski-Vikatmaa Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Eeva Kuuskoski- Vikatmaa not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_4] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Mauno Koivisto Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Mauno Koivisto not mentioned (continued on next page) 42

49 Q21A_7 (cont. from previous page) mentioned [Q21A_5] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Pertti Paasio Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Pertti Paasio not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_6] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Kalevi Sorsa Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Kalevi Sorsa not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_7] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Ilkka Suominen Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Ilkka Suominen 43

50 2. Variables not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_8] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Cristoffer Taxell Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Cristoffer Taxell not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_9] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Pirkko Työläjärvi Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Pirkko Työläjärvi not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_10] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Pekka Vennamo Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Pekka Vennamo 44

51 Q21A_12 not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_11] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Paavo Väyrynen Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Paavo Väyrynen not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_12] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Jouko Kajanoja Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Jouko Kajanoja not mentioned mentioned

52 2. Variables [Q21A_13] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Keijo Korhonen Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Keijo Korhonen not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_14] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Erkki Liikanen Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Erkki Liikanen not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_15] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Matti Ahde Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Matti Ahde not mentioned mentioned (continued on next page) 46

53 Q21A_18 (cont. from previous page) [Q21A_16] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Pertti Salolainen Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Pertti Salolainen not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_17] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Raimo Ilaskivi Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Raimo Ilaskivi not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_18] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Ulf Sundqvist Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Ulf Sundqvist 47

54 2. Variables not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_19] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Max Jacobsson Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Max Jacobsson not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_20] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Other candidate Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Other candidate not mentioned mentioned [Q21A_21] Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Can t say Who do you presume will be a candidate in the future 1994 presidential election: Can t say 48

55 Q22_1 not mentioned mentioned [Q21B] Who do you wish to get elected as the president in 1994? Who do you wish to get elected as the president in 1994? Harri Holkeri Kalevi Kivistö Eeva Kuuskoski-Vikatmaa Mauno Koivisto Pertti Paasio Kalevi Sorsa Ilkka Suominen Cristoffer Taxell Pirkko Työläjärvi Pekka Vennamo Paavo Väyrynen Someone else [Q22_1] Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) I m more willing to vote for the party than before no change (continued on next page) 49

56 2. Variables (cont. from previous page) I m less willing to vote for the party than before can t say [Q22_2] Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: National Coalition Party (KOK) Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: National Coalition Party (KOK) I m more willing to vote for the party than before no change I m less willing to vote for the party than before can t say [Q22_3] Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Centre Party of Finland (KESK) Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Centre Party of Finland (KESK) I m more willing to vote for the party than before no change I m less willing to vote for the party than before can t say

57 Q22_6 [Q22_4] Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Democratic League of the People of Finland (SKDL) Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Democratic League of the People of Finland (SKDL) I m more willing to vote for the party than before no change I m less willing to vote for the party than before can t say [Q22_5] Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Swedish People s Party in Finland (RKP) Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Swedish People s Party in Finland (RKP) I m more willing to vote for the party than before no change I m less willing to vote for the party than before can t say [Q22_6] Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Finnish Rural Party (SMP) Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Finnish Rural Party (SMP) 51

58 2. Variables I m more willing to vote for the party than before no change I m less willing to vote for the party than before can t say [Q22_7] Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Christian League of Finland (SKL) Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Christian League of Finland (SKL) I m more willing to vote for the party than before no change I m less willing to vote for the party than before can t say [Q22_8] Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Democratic Alternative (DEVA) Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: Democratic Alternative (DEVA) I m more willing to vote for the party than before no change I m less willing to vote for the party than before (continued on next page) 52

59 Q23A_2 (cont. from previous page) can t say [Q22_9] Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: The Greens (VIHR) Did the recent presidential election influence your willingness to vote for the party in next municipal elections: The Greens (VIHR) I m more willing to vote for the party than before no change I m less willing to vote for the party than before can t say [Q23A_1] SDP: Effective employment policy SDP: Effective employment policy not mentioned mentioned [Q23A_2] SKDL: Effective employment policy SKDL: Effective employment policy 53

60 2. Variables not mentioned mentioned [Q23A_3] DEVA: Effective employment policy DEVA: Effective employment policy not mentioned mentioned [Q23A_4] KOK: Effective employment policy KOK: Effective employment policy not mentioned mentioned [Q23A_5] KESK: Effective employment policy KESK: Effective employment policy not mentioned (continued on next page) 54

61 Q23A_8 (cont. from previous page) mentioned [Q23A_6] SMP: Effective employment policy SMP: Effective employment policy not mentioned mentioned [Q23A_7] RKP: Effective employment policy RKP: Effective employment policy not mentioned mentioned [Q23A_8] SKL: Effective employment policy SKL: Effective employment policy 55

62 2. Variables not mentioned mentioned [Q23A_9] LKP: Effective employment policy LKP: Effective employment policy not mentioned mentioned [Q23A_10] POP: Effective employment policy POP: Effective employment policy not mentioned mentioned [Q23A_11] VIHR: Effective employment policy VIHR: Effective employment policy not mentioned (continued on next page) 56

63 Q23B_2 (cont. from previous page) mentioned [Q23A_12] SEP: Effective employment policy SEP: Effective employment policy not mentioned mentioned [Q23B_1] SDP: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions SDP: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions not mentioned mentioned [Q23B_2] SKDL: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions SKDL: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions 57

64 2. Variables not mentioned mentioned [Q23B_3] DEVA: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions DEVA: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions not mentioned mentioned [Q23B_4] KOK: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions KOK: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions not mentioned mentioned [Q23B_5] KESK: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions KESK: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions not mentioned (continued on next page) 58

65 Q23B_8 (cont. from previous page) mentioned [Q23B_6] SMP: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions SMP: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions not mentioned mentioned [Q23B_7] RKP: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions RKP: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions not mentioned mentioned [Q23B_8] SKL: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions SKL: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions 59

66 2. Variables not mentioned mentioned [Q23B_9] LKP: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions LKP: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions not mentioned mentioned [Q23B_10] POP: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions POP: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions not mentioned mentioned [Q23B_11] VIHR: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions VIHR: Supports impartially the interests of all Finnish regions not mentioned (continued on next page) 60