IR 499 Business and Politics on the Korean Peninsula. School of International Relations Spring VKC 150 TTh 11-12:20

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1 IR 499 Business and Politics on the Korean Peninsula School of International Relations Spring 2011 VKC 150 TTh 11-12:20 Professor David Kang office: 330 VKC Phone: office hours: TTh 12:30-1:30 The Korean peninsula has had geographic importance for politics in Northeast Asia for the past several centuries. Located between Japan and China, Korean domestic politics and international politics have been thoroughly intertwined. Although the study of Korea occurs in isolation from this larger context, this class will put Korean issues in their regional context, as a way of providing better understanding of the issues themselves, and also linking Korean issues to changes in the larger region itself. This course will present an analytic overview of Korean politics, and will treat four main themes: the historical development of Korean politics in its peninsular context, domestic politics and political-economy in Korea, South Korea s contemporary foreign policy situation, and the question of North Korea. I do not presume any prior knowledge of Korea or Korean language, although comfort with theories of international relations and comparative politics would be helpful. Graduate students will have extra assignments, and we will determine the content after the beginning of class. Grading and requirements: 1. In-class midterm(s) (20%) 2. Research paper due April 28, 5 p.m. (40%) 3. Weekly response papers (15%) 4. In-class participation (25%) I expect regular attendance and participation. Use of cellphones in class is strictly prohibited. There are no extensions for late papers or missed exams without a doctor s note. Book required for purchase: Michael Robinson, Korea's Twentieth-Century Odyssey: A Short History (Manoa: The University of Hawaii Press, 2007). 1

2 Victor Cha and David Kang, Nuclear North Korea: A Debate On Engagement Strategies (Columbia University Press, 2003). Recommended background: If you are unfamiliar with the basic theoretical concepts of international relations or comparative politics, or have limited exposure to Asian security, glancing at these books will provide a good overview. Bruce Cumings, Korea's Place in the Sun: A Modern History (NY: W.W. Norton, 2005). Mark Clifford, Troubled Tiger Don Kirk, Korean Dynasty Statement for Students with Disabilities Any student requesting academic accommodations based on a disability is required to register with Disability Services and Programs (DSP) each semester. A letter of verification for approved accommodations can be obtained from DSP. Please be sure the letter is delivered to me (or to TA) as early in the semester as possible. DSP is located in STU 301 and is open 8:30 a.m. 5:00 p.m., Monday through Friday. The phone number for DSP is (213) Statement on Academic Integrity USC seeks to maintain an optimal learning environment. General principles of academic honesty include the concept of respect for the intellectual property of others, the expectation that individual work will be submitted unless otherwise allowed by an instructor, and the obligations both to protect one s own academic work from misuse by others as well as to avoid using another s work as one s own. All students are expected to understand and abide by these principles. Scampus, the Student Guidebook, contains the Student Conduct Code in Section 11.00, while the recommended sanctions are located in Appendix A: Students will be referred to the Office of Student Judicial Affairs and Community Standards for further review, should there be any suspicion of academic dishonesty. The Review process can be found at: 2

3 COURSE SCHEDULE AND READINGS Week 1 -- Introduction and overview January 11: Introduction and theories January 13: How to think about East Asia and Korea Bruce Cumings, We look at it and see ourselves, London Review of Books 27, no. 24 (December 15, 2005). Paradigm Paranoia, Far Eastern Economic Review (June 27, 1991), p. 15. Mark Clifford, Troubled Tiger (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1998), chapter 1 Uneasy Alliance, pp Section I: History Weeks 2 and 3 -- Pre-modern Korea January 18: No class January 20: The Confucian World Order David C. Kang, East Asia Before the West: Five Centuries of Trade and Tribute (Columbia University Press, 2010), chapter 4. Thomson et al., Sentimental Imperialists: the American Experience in East Asia (NY: Harper and Row, 1981), chs. 1, 2 and 5. Robinson, chapter 2, A New Century and the End of an Era Bruce Cumings, Korea s Place in the Sun, chapter 1. Kirk Larsen, Tradition, Treaties, and Trade: Qing Imperialism and Choson Korea, (Harvard East Asian Monographs, 2007), chapter 1 January 25: What is Confucianism? Clifford, Troubled Tiger, Chapter 2: Bone Ranks, Buddhas, and Slaves. Hildi Kang, The Politics of Ancestors: Korean Family Lineage Records, Korean Culture (Fall 1996): Young-mee Yu Cho, Diglossia in Korean Language and Literature: A Historical Perspective, East Asia: An International Quarterly 20:1 (Spring 2002): John Duncan, Uses of Confucianism in Modern Korea, In Benjamin A. Elman, John B. Duncan, and Herman Ooms, eds. Rethinking Confucianism: Past and Present in China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. Los Angeles: Asia Institute, University of California, Los Angeles,

4 Martin Deuchler, The Confucian Transformation of Korea: A Study of Society and Ideology (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1992) Haboush, JaHyun Kim. "The Confucianization of Korean Society." In Gilbert Rozman, ed. The East Asian Region: Confucian Heritage and Its Modern Adaptation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1991, "Founding the Chosôn Dynasty," Sources of Korean Tradition I, "The Recruitment Examinations," Sources of Korean Tradition I, "Neo-Confucianism," Sources of Korean Tradition I, Haboush, JaHyun Kim. "The Confucianization of Korean Society." In Gilbert Rozman, ed. The East Asian Region: Confucian Heritage and Its Modern Adaptation. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1991, "The Great Learning," in Wm. Theodore de Bary, ed., Sources of Chinese Tradition I (New York: Columbia University Press, 1960), JaHyun Kim Haboush, A Heritage of Kings: One Man s Monarchy in the Confucian World (New York: Columbia University Press, 1988), Wing-tsit Chan, "Moral and Social Programs: The Great Learning," in Chan, A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1963), Martina Deuchler, "The Tradition: Women During the Yi Dynasty," Sandra Mattielli ed., Virtues in Conflict: Tradition and the Korean Woman Today (Seoul: Samhwa Publishing, 1977), Mark Peterson, "Women without Sons: A Measure of Social Change in Yi Dynasty Korea," in Laurel Kendall and Mark Peterson, eds., Korean Women: View from the Inner Room (New Haven, CT: East Rock Press, 1983), Seth, "Chosôn Society," Concise History of Korea, January 27: Colonial Korea/Colonial Modernity Hildi Kang, Under the Black Umbrella: Voices from Colonial Korea, (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001), 1-5, Robinson, chapter 3, Colonial State and Society Katharine Moon, South Korean Movements Against Militarized Sexual Labor, Asian Survey 39, 2. (Mar-Apr 1999), pp "Korea Becomes Cho-sen," New York Times (Aug. 29, 1910) "Hirohito Finishes Rites of Accession," New York Times (Nov. 26, 1928) "Japan is Speeding Korean Education," New York Times (Aug. 6, 1939) Cumings, Korea s Place in the Sun, "The Nationalist Movement," Sourcebook of Korean Civilization, vol. 2, , Gi-Wook Shin and Michael Robinson, eds., Colonial Modernity in Korea (Cambridge: Harvard East Asia Center, 1999),

5 Kajiyama Toshiyuki, "The Clan Records," in The Clan Records: Five Stories of Korea (Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 1995), Hyung Gu Lynn, "Moving Pictures: Postcards of Colonial Korea," IIAS Newsletter 44 (Summer 2007): 8-9. Tessa Morris-Suzuki, "Japan's 'Comfort Women': It's time for the truth (in the ordinary, everyday sense of the word," Japan Focus (March 8, 2007), Hyun Sook Kim, "History and Memory: the 'Comfort Women' Controversy, positions: east asia cultures critique 5.1 (Spring 1997): Chôn Kwangyong, Kapitan Lee, in Flowers of Fire: Twentieth Century Korean Stories, ed. Peter H. Lee (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1986), Won Soon Park, "Japanese Reparations Policies and the 'Comfort Women' Question," positions: east asia cultures critique 5.1 (Spring 1997): Chon Kwangyong, Kapitan Lee, in Flowers of Fire: Twentieth Century Korean Stories, ed. Peter H. Lee (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1986), Section II: Politics in the Modern Era Week 4 Authoritarian politics February 1: The Korean War Robinson, chapter 5, Liberation, Civil War, and Division Bruce Cumings, Korea s Place in the Sun, (W.W. Norton, 1997), Chapter 5: Collision. Kyung Hyun Kim, "'Each Man Kills the Thing He Loves'": Transgressive Agents, National Security, and Blockbuster Aesthetics in Shiri and Joint Security Area," in Kim, The Remasculinization of Korean Cinema (Durham: Duke University Press, 2004), Khong, Seduction by Analogy, in Ikenberry ed., American Foreign Policy, ( ). Michael Robinson, "Contemporary Cultural Production in South Korea: Vanishing Meta-Narratives of Nation," in New Korean Cinema, edd. Chi-Yun Shin and Julian Stringer (New York: New York University Press, 2005), Sergei Goncharov, S. N., John Lewis, and Xue Litai, Uncertain Partners : Stalin, Mao, and the Korean War (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1993). February 3: Authoritarianism Robinson, chapter 6, Political and Economic Development in Korea Mark Clifford, Troubled Tiger (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1998), chapter 6, Yushin, pp In-sup Han, Kwangju and Beyond: Coping with Past State Atrocities in South Korea, Human Rights Quarterly 27, no. 3 (August 2005), pp Week 5 -- Democracy 5

6 February 8: Democracy and regionalism Mark Clifford, Troubled Tiger, Chapters. 19 and 20: Surrender, and Workers. Robinson, chapter 8, Democratization in South Korea, Stephan Haggard and Robert Kaufman, The Political economy of democratic transitions, Comparative Politics (April 1997) David Brady and Jongryn Mo, Electoral Systems and Institutional Choice: A Case Study of the 1988 Korean Elections, Comparative Political Studies vol. 24 no. 4 (January 1992), pp David Kang, Electoral Institutions and Regionalism in South Korea, in Samuel Kim, ed., Korea s Democratization (Cambridge University Press, 2003). Jung-en Woo, Race to the Swift (Columbia), pp Sunhyuk Kim, The Politics of Democratization in Korea (Pittsburgh, 1999) Bruce Cumings, Korea s Place in the Sun, Chapter 7, The Virtues, II: The Democratic Movement, , February 10: In-class Midterm!!! Section III: Business and economics in Korea Weeks 6 and 7 Economic development February 15: Did Japanese colonization cause growth? Atul Kohli, Where do High-growth Political Economies come from? The Japanese Lineage in South Korean Development, World Development 22, no. 9 (September 1994), pp Haggard, Kang, and Moon, Japanese Colonialism and Korean Development, a critique, World Development 25, no. 6 (June 1997), pp Atul Kohli, Japanese colonialism and Korean development: A reply, World Development 27, no. 6 (June 1994), pp February 17: economic explanations for growth Robert Wade, States, Markets, and Industrial Policy, Governing the Market (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990): Paul Krugman, "The Myth of Asia's Miracle," Foreign Affairs (November/December 1994): Ha-joon Chang, The Political Economy of Industrial Policy (St. Martin s Press, 1994): Responses to Krugman, Foreign Affairs (March/April 1995) Alwyn Young, The tyranny of numbers: confronting the statistical realities of the East Asian growth experience, The Quarterly Journal of Economics 110 (Aug 1995):

7 February 22: a political explanation for growth Mark Clifford, Troubled Tiger, chapter 3, Economic Warrior Stephan Haggard, Korea: From Import Substitution to Export-led Growth, Pathways from the Periphery (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990): David Kang, Crony Capitalism: Corruption and Development in South Korea and the Philippines (Cambridge University Press, 2002), Chapter 4. Ziya Onis, The Logic of the Developmental State, Comparative Politics (October 1991): Alice Amsden, Asia s Next Giant: South Korea and Late Industrialization (Oxford, 1990) Tun-jen Cheng, Stephan Haggard, and David Kang, Institutions and Growth in Korea and Taiwan: the bureaucracy, Journal of Development Studies 34, no. 6 (August 1998): February 24: Organization and corporate governance of the chaebol Don Kirk, Korean Dynasty: Chung Ju Young and Hyundai, chapters 1 and 3, Mixed Miracle and Chaebol and Confucianism. Clifford, Troubled Tiger, Ch. 5, High Priest of Steel, pp and Ch. 8, Chaebol, pp Eunmee Kim, Big Business, Strong State: Collusion and Conflict in South Korean Development, (SUNY: 1998), Chapter 3, The Chaebol, pp HBS Case: Samsung and Daewoo: Two Tales of One City, Kin Wan-Soon and Michael Jae Choo, Principal Barriers to FDI in Korea, Korea Economic Institute), pp Weeks 8 and 9 business and culture in Korea March 1: case study on personal relationships Jon P. Alston, Wa, Guanxi, and Inhwa: Managerial Principles in Japan, China, and Korea, Business Horizons (March-April 1989), BH 015, pp HBS Case: Ellen Moore (A): Living and Working in Korea, 97G029. HKU Case: Daewoo and the Korean Chaebol, HKU 143. Howard Tu, Seung Yong Kim and Sherry E. Sullivan, "Global Strategy Lessons From Japanese and Korean Business Groups," Business Horizons, BH072 (2002), pp

8 March 3: corruption and development David C. Kang, Bad Loans to Good Friends: money politics and the developmental state in Korea, International Organization 56, no. 1 (Winter 2002): Pranab Bardhan, Corruption and Development: A Review of Issues, Journal of Economic Literature 35 (1997): David Kang, Transaction Costs and Crony Capitalism in East Asia, Comparative Politics 35 no. 4 (July 2003): Linda Lim and Aaron Stern, State Power and Private Profit: A review essay on the political economy of corruption in Southeast Asia, Asia-Pacific Economic Literature (November 2002) Paolo Mauro, Corruption and growth, The Quarterly Journal of Economics 110 (August 1995): March 8: Korean consumers and popular culture James Watson, ed., Golden Arches East: McDonald s in Seoul, (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1997), Ch. 4, Sangmee Bak, Food Choices, Identity & Nationalism, pp Seung-Kuk Kim Changing Lifestyle and Consumption Patterns of the South Korean Middle Class and New Generations, in Beng-Hua Chua, ed., Consumption in Asia: Lifestyle and Identities (Routlege, 2000), Ch. 3, pp Keehyeung Lee, "Mapping Out the Cultural Politics of 'the Korean Wave' in Contemporary South Korea," in East Asian Pop Culture: Analysing the Korean Wave, eds. Chua Beng Huat and Koichi Iwabuchi (Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2008), Ivey Case: American Fast Food in Korea, 903M16. Gi-Wook Shin, "Between Nationalism and Globalization," in Ethnic Nationalism in Korea, Jung-Sun Park, "The Korean Wave: Transnational Cultural Flows in East Asia," in Korea at the Center: Dynamics of Regionalism in Northeast Asia, eds. Charles Armstrong, Gilbert Rozman, Samuel Kim and Stephen Kotkin (Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2006), Jung-Sun Park, What is Hallyu, the Korean Wave in News and Reviews (Asian Educational Media Service, Center for East Asian and Pacific Studies at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) Spring/Summer 2007, 3. Jung-Sun Park, Korean American Youth and Transnational Flows of Popular Culture Across the Pacific, Amerasia Journal 30:1,

9 Cho Hae-Joang, Korean Wave as a sign of Global Shift, Korea Journal 45:4 (Winter 2005): Jung-Sun Park, Korean American Youth and Transnational Flows of Popular Culture Across the Pacific, Amerasia Journal 30:1, March 10: The financial crises of 1997 Robert Wade, The Asian debt-and-development crisis of 1997-? Causes and consequences, World Development 26, no. 8 (Aug. 98) p Jongryn Mo, Political culture and legislative gridlock: politics of economic reform in precrisis Korea, Comparative Political Studies 34, no. 5 (June 2001): Jeffrey Winters, The Determinants of Financial Crisis in Asia, in T.J. Pempel, ed., The Politics of the Asian Economic Crisis (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999). Stephan Haggard, The Political Economy of the Asian Financial Crisis (Institute for International Economics, 2000) TJ Pempel, ed., The Politics of the Asian Economic Crisis (Cornell University Press, 1999) March 14: Spring break Week South Korea s foreign policy March 22: Territorial disputes Sung-Jae Choi, The Politics of the Dokdo Issue, Journal of East Asian Affairs 5, no. 3 (Fall 2005): Peter Gries, The Koguryo Controversy: National Identity, and Sino-Korean Relations Today, East Asia 22 (2005): Sean Fern, Tokdo or Takeshima? The International Law of Territorial Acquisition in the Japan-Korea Island Dispute, Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs 5, no. 1 (Winter 2005): Beth Simmons, Rules over real estate: Trade, Territorial Conflict, and International Borders as Institutions, Journal of Conflict Resolution 49, no. 6 (December 2005), pp Andrew Horvat, Overcoming the Negative Legacy of the Past: Why Europe is a Positive Example for East Asia, Brown Journal of World Affairs 11, no. 1 (Summer/Fall 2004): The Dispute over Tokdo Island, on the web at: March 24: South Korea s foreign policy dilemmas 9

10 Kang, China Rising: Peace, Power, and Order in East Asia (Columbia University Press, 2007), Chapter 5 Scott Snyder, China s Rise and the Two Koreas (Lynne Rienner, 2009), chapter 8, The Korean Peninsula and Sino-Japanese Rivalry, pp TBD David Kang, South Korea s Not-so-sharp right turn, Current History (September 2008): Week 11 March 29: Korean anti-americanism Katharine Moon, Resurrecting Prostitutes and Overturning Treaties: Gender politics in the Anti-American Movement in South Korea, Journal of Asian Studies, 66, no. 1 (February 2007): HunOh Chang and Celeste Arrington, Democratization and Changing Anti- American Sentiments in South Korea, Asian Survey 47, no. 2 (March/April 2007): Sunhyuk Kim and Wonhyuk Lim, How to deal with South Korea, The Washington Quarterly 30, no. 2 (Spring 2007): Edward Taehan Chang, "What Does It Mean to Be Korean Today?: One Hundred Years of Koreans in America and More," Amerasia Journal 29:3 ( ), xix-xxvi Section IV: North Korea March 31: Overview of North Korea Victor Cha and David Kang, Nuclear North Korea: A Debate on Engagement Strategies (Columbia, 2003), Chapter 1 Robinson, Chapter 7, Going it alone: the DPRK 1953-present Bradley Martin, Under the Loving Care of the Fatherly Leader (New York: St. Martin s, 2004) Don Oberdorfer, The Two Koreas (Basic Books, 2002) Week 12 April 5: Formation of North Korea, Charles K. Armstrong, The Nature, Origins, and Development of the North Korean State, in Samuel S. Kim, ed. The North Korean System in the Post-Kim Il Sung Era (Palgrave, 2001), pp David Kang, International Relations Theory and the Second Korean War, International Studies Quarterly 47, no. 3 (Fall 2003). 10

11 B.R. Myers, North Korea s Race Problem, Foreign Policy March/April Bruce Cumings, The Origins of the Korean War, vols 1 and 2 (Princeton University Press) Charles Armstrong, The North Korean Revolution, (Cornell University Press, 2004) April 7: The 1994 nuclear crisis Victor Cha and David Kang, Think Again: the Korea crisis, Foreign Policy (May/June 2003), pp Cha and Kang, Nuclear North Korea, Chapters 2-3 Leon Sigal, The North Korean Nuclear Crisis: Understanding the Failure of the'crime-and-punishment'strategy, Arms Control Today (May 1997) Leon Sigal, Disarming Strangers: Nuclear Diplomacy with North Korea (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1998) The 1994 Agreed Framework between the United States of America and the Democratic People s Republic of Korea, Geneva (October 21, 1994) Official North Korea souvenir shop! ( Official North Korean tourist information! ( Week 13 April 12: The 2002 nuclear crisis David Kang, The Avoidable Crisis in North Korea, Orbis (Summer 2003). Cha and Kang, Nuclear North Korea: A Debate on Engagement Strategies (Columbia University Press, 2003), Chapters 4, 5 and 6 Mike Chinoy, Meltdown: The Inside Story of how North Korea went nuclear (New York: St. Martin s Press, 2008), chapters 1-4. Jack Pritchard, Failed Diplomacy: The Tragic Story of How North Korea Got the Bomb (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 2007) Nicholas Eberstadt, The End of North Korea (Washington, D.C.: AEI Press, 1999) Scott Snyder, Negotiating on the Edge: North Korean Negotiating Behavior (Washington DC: US Institute of Peace Press, 1999) April 14: War on the peninsula: simulation in class North Korea: the war game, The Atlantic (July/August 2005): Mike Chinoy, chapter 9, War Games, Meltdown, pp IISS, the Military Balance on the Korean Peninsula

12 Daniel Kate and Peter Green, Defending Korea Line Seen Contrary to Law by Kissinger Remains U.S. Policy, Bloomberg, December 17, 2010 Week 14 Domestic politics April 19: Is Kim Jong-il really crazy? Byung-joon Ahn, The Man Who Would Be Kim, Foreign Affairs 73, no. 6 (Nov- Dec 1994): Patrick McEachern, Inside the Red Bos: North Korea s Post-totalitarian Politics (Columbia University Press, 2010), chapters 1 and 2, pp Katharine H.S. Moon, Beyond Demonization, Current History (September 2008). Adrian Hong, A Faustian Failure, New York Times December 26, 2008, ( Denny Roy, " North Korea as an Alienated State," Survival 38, no. 4 (Winter ): Hazel Smith, Bad, Mad, Sad, or Rational Actor? Why the Securitization Paradigm Makes for Poor Policy Analysis of North Korea. International Affairs 76, no. 3 (2000), pp John Feffer, Engaging North Korea on Human Rights, Foreign Policy in Focus, November 20, Jay Lefkowitz, North Korean Human Rights and US National Security, American Enterprise Institute, January 17, Bradley Martin, Under the Loving Care of the Fatherly Leader (New York: St. Martin s, 2004) Bertil Lintner, Great Leader, Dear Leader: Demystifying North Korea Under The Kim Clan (Silkworm books, 2005). April 21: North Korea's economy Stephan Haggard and Marcus Noland, selections from Famine in North Korea: Markets, Aid, and Reform (New York: Columbia University Press, 2006). Ruediger Frank, Economic Reforms in North Korea ( ), Journal of Asia Pacific Economy 10, no. 3 (August 2005), pp Katharine H.S. Moon, Hippocrates, not hypocrisy, on North Korean human rights, Washington Post July 10, Andrew Coe, North Korea s New Cash Crop, Washington Quarterly (Summer 2005) Benjamin K. Sovacool, North Korea and Illegal Narcotics: Smoke but No Fire? Asia Policy 7 (January 2009). 12

13 John McGlynn, Financial Sanctions and North Korea: In Search of the Evidence of Currency Counterfeiting and Money Laundering Part II, Japan Focus (2007). David Asher, The North Korean Criminal State, its Ties to Organized Crime, and the Possibility of WMD Proliferation, Nautilus Institute, Policy Forum Online, (November 15, 2005). Week Foreign influences on North Korea April 26: North Korea's economy Anne Wu, What China Whispers to North Korea, Washington Quarterly 28, no. 2 (Spring 2005): Richard Samuels, Kidnapping Politics in East Asia Journal of East Asian Studies 10, No.3 (November 2010), pp. April 28: What have we learned? April 28, 5 p.m.: Research Papers due (late papers lose one letter grade per day, so get them in on time) 13