Politics, Economics, and Society in the Two Germanies,

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1 Politics, Economics, and Society in the Two Germanies, A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ENGLISH-LANGUAGE WORKS Compiled by Anna J. Merritt and Richard L. Merritt with the assistance of Kathleen Kelly Rummel UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS PRESS Urbana Chicago London

2 CONTENTS A. General 1 A.1. Bibliographies: General, FRG, GDR 1 A.2. Descriptions and Travel Guides 1 A.3. Handbooks 2 A.3,1. General 2 A.3.2. FRG 2 A.3.3. GDR 2 A.4. History (see also D.3.5; N.7.4) 2 B. Geography 3 B.1. General: FRG and GDR 4 B.2. FRG 4 B.2.1. Locational Studies 4 B.2.2. Regional and Urban Planning 5 B.3. GDR 5 C. Demography 5 C.1. Characteristics and Statistics 5 C.I.I. General 5 C.1.2. FRG 6 C.1.3. GDR 6 C.2. National Character Assessments (see also F.1.1) 6 C.3. Population Movements Displaced Persons 8 C.3.2. Movements across Boundaries 9 D. Allied Occupation 12 D.1. Wartime Planning and Development 12 D.1.1. Wartime Proposals 12 D.1.2. Wartime Planning 13 D.1.3. Relevant Military Developments 15 D.2. Military Occupation 16 D.2.1. General (see also 1.2.1) 16 D.2.2. Four-Power Control 18 D.2.3. American Zone 19 D.2.4. British Zone 22 D.2.5. French Zone 22 D.2.6. Soviet Zone 22 D.3. Punishment, Restitution, and Rehabilitation (see also I.2) 23 D.3.1. War Crimes Trials 23 D.3.2. Denazification (see also F.2.4) 27 D.3.3. Compensation to Nazi Victims (see also 0.3.2) 28 D.3.4. Re-Education (see also N.1.3) 29 D.3.5. Postwar Views on Nazi Era (see also A.4; N.7.4) 30 D.4. Breakdown of Four-Power Cooperation (see also Q.1) 31 D.4.1. Disunity on Germany's Future, (see also D.2.2) 31 D.4.2. Bizonal Administration, D.4.3. Division of Germany (see also D.2.6) 32 D.4.4. Re-Establishment of Self-Govern ment (see also E.1; E.3.6) 34

3 xiv E. FRG: Governmental Framework 35 E.1. Creation of FRG 35 E.1.1. Western Allies and Parliamentary Council 35 E.1.2. Basic Law 35 E.1.3. Analyses of Basic Law (see also E.3.2) 36 E.1.4. Federalism and Political Theory (see also E.3.4) 36 E.1.5. General Treatises 37 E.2. Political Institutions and Processes (see also H.2) 38 E.2.1. Election Laws and Behavior (see also F.1.3; F.4; F.5) 38 E.2.2. Coalitions and Cabinets (see also F.2) 39 E.2.3. Bundestag and Legislative Behavior (see also F.5) 39 E.2.4. Bundesrat 40 E.2.5. Public Administration and Civil Service (see also E.3.3.1) 40 E.2.6. State and Local Government (see also B.2.1; D.4.4) 41 E.3. Legal System (see also H.3) 42 E.3.1. General 42 E Legal System 42 E Jurisprudence 43 E Legal Profession 43 E.3.2. Constitutional Law 43 E Constitutional Court 43 E Constitutional Law 44 E Civil and Political Liberties 44 E Restrictions on Political Activity 44 E Emergency Provisions 45 E.3.3. Institutional Functions 45 E Administrative Process 45 E Civil Procedures and Courts 45 E Judicial Review 46 E Conflict of Laws 46 E.3.4. Other 46 E Business Law: General 46 E Commercial Law; Contracts 47 E Corporation Law 47 E Regulation of Business (see also I.6.5) 47 E Criminal Law (see also L.5.8) 48 E Family Law (see also L1.3) 49 E International Law 49 E Labor Law (see also I.7) 49 E Other Legal Issues 49 E.4. Military (see also 0.4) 49 E.4.1. Domestic Aspects of Rearmament Debate 49 E.4.2. Military Organization 50 E.4.3. Civilian Control Procedures 51 E.4.4. Nuclear Weapons Issue 51 E.4.5. Other Military Issues (see also E.3.2.5) 52 E.4.6. Intelligence Activities 52 F. FRG: Politics and Political Behavior 53 F.1. Political Attitudes 53 F.1.1. Personality Characteristics and Social Attitudes (see also C.2) 53 F Public Opinion and Political Attitudes 53 F.1.3. Party Identification (see also E.2.1.; F.4; F.5) 55

4 XV F.1.4. Opinion on International Affairs 55 F.2. Political Leadership 56 F.2.1. General 56 F.2.2. Political Biographies 57 F.2.3. Konrad Adenauer 58 F.2.4. Former Nazis in Political Positions? (see also D.3.2; F.4.7) 59 F.3. Interest Groups 60 F.4. Political Parties (see also E.2.1; F.1.3) 60 F.4.1. General 60 F.4.2. Christian Democratic Union (CDU) 62 F.4.3. Social Democratic Party (SPD) 62 F.4.4. Minor Parties 64 F.4.5. Free Democratic Party (FDP) 64 F.4.6. Communist Parties (KPD and DKP) 64 F.4.7. Extreme Nationalism and Neo-Nazi Parties 65 F.4.8. National Democratic Party (NPD) 66 F.5. General Political Surveys 66 F : 1st Legislative Period 66 F : 2nd Legislative Period 68 F : 3rd Legislative Period 69 F : 4th Legislative Period 70 F : 5th Legislative Period 72 F : Grand Coalition 72 F : 6th Legislative Period 73 F : 7th Legislative Period 74 G. GDR: Government and Politics 74 G.1. Political Framework 74 G.1.1. Constitutional Developments 74 G.1.2. Political Leadership 75 G.1.3. Ideological Developmentsand Disputes 75 G.2. Political Structures and Processes (see also H.2) 76 G.2.1. Institutions and Processes 76 G.2.2. SED and Other Political Parties 76 G.2.3. National People's Army 77 G.2.4. Youth and Youth Movements 77 G.3. Legal System (see also H.3) 78 G.3.1. Codes and Procedures 78 G.3.2. Structures 79 G.3.3. Western Criticism 80 G.4. General Political Developments 80 G.4.1. Initial Phases, G.4.2. Uprising in June G.4.3. Consolidation, G.4.4. Since H. FRG-GDR: Political Comparisons 85 H.1. General 85 H.2. Political Structures and Processes 85 H.3. Legal Systems 86 I. FRG: Economic System Data and Models Economic Statistics 86

5 XVI Econometric Models Forecasting Occupation Controls, (see also D.3) Allied Economic Policy Economic Disarmament Reparations Overseas Assets and External Debts General Developments and Problems (see also K.1) Occupation Period, Currency Reform and Aftermath Marshall Plan Assistance Economic Recovery, Prosperity, Domestic Economy and Government Money and Banking Fiscal Policy and Public Finance Planning and Economic Policy Agriculture and Natural Resources Agricultural Sector Land Tenure and Reform Fishing, Forestry, Natural Resources Industry and Business Industrial Organization and Production Ruhr as an Industrial Area Energy Production Business Business Regulation (see also E.3.4.4) Management; Business Executives Cooperatives Labor Movements and Issues (see also E.3.4.8) Workers and Labor Market Trade Unions Law and Policymaking Labor-Management Relations; Codetermination Foreign Workers Other Labor Questions Transportation and Shipping International Economics International Trade Trade with USSR and Soviet Bloc (see also K.2) Exchange Rates 113 I.9.4. Balance of Payments 114 (.9.5. International Capital Movements Development Assistance (see also 0.3) Eastern Charges of Neo-lmperialism 117 J. GDR: Economic System 117 J.1. General, (see also K.1) 117 J.2. New Economic System 118 J.3. Agriculture 119 J.4. Industrial Organization and Production 120 J.5. Labor 121 J.6. Foreign Trade (see also K.2) 121 JJ. Comecon; Soviet Bloc Trade 121

6 xvii Κ. FRG-GDR Economic Comparisons and Transactions 122 K.1. General 122 K.2. Intra-German Trade 123 L. Social Structure and Policy 123 L.1. FRG: Social Structure 123 L1.1. General 123 L1.2. Community Studies 123 L.1.3. Family (see also E.3.4.6) 124 L.1.4. Women: Roles and Status 124 L1.5. Youth and Youth Movements (see also F.1.1) 125 L.2. GDR: Social Structure 126 L3. FRG-GDR: Social Structure 126 L.4. Religion 126 L.4.1. FRG: General (see also N.2.7) 126 L.4.2. FRG: Judaism; Attitudes to Jews (see also D.3.3; 0.3.2) 127 L.4.3. GDR: General 129 L4.4. FRG-GDR Comparisons 129 L5. FRG: Social Policy 130 L.5.1. General 130 L.5.2. Social Security, Pensions 130 L.5.3. Social Benefits for Workers 130 L.5.4. Social Services and Welfare 131 L.5.5. Public Health; Health Insurance 131 L5.6. Children and Child-Care 131 L.5.7. Housing 132 L.5.8. Criminology and Rehabilitation (see also E.3.4.5) 132 L.5.9. Environmental Control 132 L6. GDR: Social Policy 133 L.6.1. General 133 L.6.2. Public Health 133 L.6.3. Criminology and Rehabilitation 133 L7. FRG-GDR Comparisons 133 M. Communications 134 M.1. FRG 134 M..1. General 134 M..2. Newspapers and Periodicals 134 M..3. Conservative Press 135 M.1.4. Press Freedom; Spiegel Affair 135 M.1.5. Radio and Television 136 M.2. GDR 136 M.3. FRG-GDR Comparisons 137 N. Education and Culture 137 N.1. FRG: Education 137 N.1.1. General 137 N.1.2. Comparative Perspective 138 N.1.3. Reconstruction under Allied Occupation (see also D.3.4) 138 N.1.4. Planning and Policymaking 140 N.1.5. Educational Reform 140 N.1.6. Teachers and Teacher Training 141 N.1.7. Other Developments 142

7 XVI11 N.2. FRG: Schools and Curricula 142 N.2.1. Preschools and Elementary Schools 142 N.2.2. Lower and Upper Secondary Schools 142 N.2.3. Vocational Training; Industrial Education 143 N.2.4. Adult and Permanent Education 144 N.2.5. Curriculum and Textbooks 144 N.2.6. Educational Technology 145 N.2.7, Religion and Education 145 N.3. FRG: Universities 145 N.3.1. Universities: General 145 N.3.2. University Reform 147 N.3.3- Teaching and Administrative Personnel 147 N.3.4. University Students 147 N.3.5. Student Protest 148 N.3.6. Educational and Cultural Exchange 149 N.4. FRG: University Programs and Research 150 N.4.1. Humanities, Area Studies, Education 150 N.4.2. Law 150 N.4.3. Social Sciences 151 N.4.4. Sciences and Technical Education 152 N.4.5. Research Organization, Archives, Libraries 153 N.5. GDR: Education 153 N.5.1. General 153 N.5.2. Higher Education and Research 154 N.6. FRG-GDR: Comparative Education 155 NJ. FRG: Cultural Developments 155 N.7.1. General Culture and the Arts 155 N.7.2. Literature 156 N.7.3. Drama and Theater 157 N.7.4. Recent History in Literature and Drama (see also A.4; D.3.5) 157 N.8. GDR: Cultural Developments 157 N.8.1. General Culture and the Arts 157 N.8.2. Literature 158 N.8.3. Drama and Theater; Brecht 158 N.9. FRG-GDR: Cultural Comparisons 159 O. FRG: Foreign Policy General (see also E.3.4.7; F.1.4; I.9) Allied High Commission Policymaking Processes Cultural Policy Foreign Policy, ; Sovereignty and Rearmament Foreign Policy, Eastern and Socialist Views: Militarism United States and West Europe (see also 0.5) North Atlantic Area United States West Europe United Kingdom France France: Saar Question Other European Countries Other Regions and Organizations (see also i.9.6; I.9.7) 175

8 Middle East Israel (see also D.3.3; L.4.2) Africa Asia; Oceania Latin America International Organizations (see also E.3.4.7) Defense and Détente National Security Policy (see also 0.1.6) Rearmament within EDC, (see also E.4) NATO (see also 0.2.1) Arms Limitation European Security Western European Integration General Trends Schuman Plan (ECSC) European Community (EEC) FRG and Soviet Bloc (see also I.9.2; Q.1) Eastern Policy to Eastern Policy, Soviet Union Poland Oder-Neisse Territories Czechoslovakia 193 P. GDR: Foreign Policy 193 P.1. Institutions and Policies 193 P.2. USSR, Warsaw Pact, Other Socialist States (see also J.7) 195 P.3. Defense, Security, Arms Control 196 P.4. Third World 197 P.5. International Organizations 197 Q. FRG-GDR: The German Problem 198 Q.1. German Problem: Unity (see also D.4) 198 Q.1.1. Between East and West, Q.1.2. Declining Hopes for Unity, Q.1.3. New Status Quo, Q.1.4. Divided Germany, Q.2. Conflicting FRG-GDR Claims 205 Q.2.1. FRG: Sole Representation 205 Q.2.2. GDR: Recognition 206 Q.3. FRG-GDR Relations 206 Q.4. FRG-GDR Foreign Policy: Comparisons 207 R. Berlin 208 R.1. General, East and West 208 R.2. Legal Context 209 R.3. Access to East and West Berlin 210 R.4. Social and Political Issues 210 R.5. Economic Issues 211 R.6. Blockade and Division, R.7. Soviet Ultimatum and the Wall, R.8. Normalization, Author Listing 219

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