Grade X. Social Science (HOTS) #GrowWithGreen

Transcription

1 Grade X Social Science (HOTS) #GrowWithGreen

2 Questions 1. Culture had played an important role in the development of nationalism in Europe during eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Explain. 2. Do you think it is right to blame the politicians and government officials for the rising corruption in a democracy? 3. In what ways will the production of cars by Ford Motors in India lead to the interlinking of production? 4. Agriculture and industry are complementary to each other. Explain with examples. 5. Napoleon had destroyed democracy in France but in the administrative field he had incorporated revolutionary principles in order to make the whole system more rational efficient. Analyse the statement with arguments.

3 Answers Ans 1. Culture played an important role in creating the idea of the nation in Europe in the following ways : Romanticism, a cultural movement, sought to develop a particular form of nationalist sentiment. It generally criticised the glorification of reason and Science and focused instead on emotions, intuition and mystical feelings. Its effort was to create a sense of a shared collective heritage, a common cultural past, as the basis of a nation. Collection and recording forms of folk culture was essential to the project of nation building. Karol Kurpinski, for example, celebrated the national struggle through his operas and music, turning folk dances like the polonaise and mazurka into nationalist symbols. Language too played an important role in developing nationalist sentiments. After Russian occupation, the Polish language was forced out of schools and the Russian language was imposed everywhere. The use of Polish came to be seen as a symbol of the struggle against Russian dominance. Ans 2. It is not correct to blame the politicians and govt officials alone. The common man is equally responsible for the rising corruption in India. If the politicians and govt officials adopt corrupt means to fulfil their selfish motives, it is the duty of the citizen to stop them from doing so. People encourage bribery by giving bribe instead of taking any strict action against the person doing such illegal act. One can see the nexus between the politicians, bureaucrats, and the industrialists which has resulted into corruption and corrupt practices. It is with the cooperation of the common man that corruption has affected all organs of government, including the judiciary. Ans 3. Ford Motors has taken the following steps which will lead to the interlinking of production across countries :

4 It has set up a production plant for cars in Chennai in collaboration with Mahindra and Mahindra. It produces cars not only for the Indian market but also exports cars to other developing countries. The local companies supply car parts to Ford Motors which are also exported to the various factories around the world. Ans 4. The following are the five significant ways in which agricultural and industrial sector complements each other : Raw materials - Agriculture provides basic raw material to the industrial sector, e.g., cotton to a cloth industry and sugarcane to a sugar industry. Industrial sector, in turn, provides the basic inputs to the agricultural sector. Industrial goods such as tractor, harvesting machines, fertilisers are a few basic inputs that are used by the agricultural sector. Market- Agricultural sector provides market to the industrial sector. This implies that the people engaged in agriculture consume the products produced by the industries. These products, to name a few, include soaps, fridges, televisions and so on. Labour- Agricultural sector provides labour to the industrial sector. In other words, the industrial sector provides employment to the excess labour (disguised unemployeds engaged) in the agricultural sector. Wage goods - The most important support that agriculture provides to the industries is the wage goods (or simply food grains). In simple words, agricultural sector feeds the industrial labourers, which keeps them healthy, and thereby makes them more productive. Mutual dependence - Both the agricultural and industrial sector are mutually dependent on each other. In case of good harvest, the farmers have high incomes, which they use to demand more industrial goods. For example, during good harvests, many farmers buy new televisions, mobiles, clothes, etc. Similarly, when the people engaged in the industrial sector experience good income, they demand higher quantities of food grains, eat more fish, meat and drink milk. Ans 5. Napoleon had brought an end to the democracy that had been achieved in France after the long-drawn French revolution. His constant attacks on other countries too had earned him the image of an oppressor and an aggressive conqueror. However, his

5 administrative reforms introduced were very effective and well -crafted. Few of these policies are as follows : Established equality before law Abolished all privileges based on birth Granted the right to property to French citizens Simplified administrative divisions Abolished feudal system and freed peasants from serfdom Removed restrictions on guilds in towns Improved transport and communication *******************