KEY CHALLENGES CONTRIBUTING TO THE SURVIVAL OF SINGLE MOTHER COOPERATIVES IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

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1 KEY CHALLENGES CONTRIBUTING TO THE SURVIVAL OF SINGLE MOTHER COOPERATIVES IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA Presenter: Azliana Binti Mohd Jelani Ph.D Islamic Civilization Lecturers: Dr. Muhammad Hakimi Bin Mohd Shafiai Prof. Madya Dr. Salmy Edawati Yaacob

AZLIANA MOHD JELANI 27 th JAN 1976 Azliana.phd.ukm@gmail.com Diploma Business Admin (Majoring Insurance) ITM Master Business Admin. (Majoring HRM) OUM Ph.

2 AZLIANA MOHD JELANI 27 th JAN 1976 Diploma Business Admin (Majoring Insurance) ITM Master Business Admin. (Majoring HRM) OUM Ph.D Islamic Civilization (Cooperative) UKM List of Previous Employers: EON CMG Life Assurance Proton Edar Sdn Bhd Kolej Yayasan Pendidikan Cheras Kolej Universiti Bestari, Trg SUK

3 INTRODUCTION Single parenting as a phenomenon in society results from various factors. Analysing these factors will place single parenting in perspective and effect a more sympathetic approach towards lending a helping hand. Single parenting also has challenges of its own. Again, when this challenges have been scientifically explored, researcher will be able to intervene positively in assisting to alleviate the problems. March ,600 single mothers in Malaysia (Malaysia Kini, Statistic Ministry of Woman Development Family and Community 8 th March 2017) Oct , 252 divorce cases involve muslims married couple for less than 3 years. (Utusan Online, 11 th Oct 17)

4 INTRODUCTION (cont.) Single Mother s Challenges LOW STANDARD OF LIVING LOW SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS LOW BARGAINING POWER LIMITED SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED JOB OPPORTUNITIES PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH CHILD CARE HIGH INCIDENCE OF POVERTY

5 INTRODUCTION (cont.) Maktab Koperasi Malaysia (MKM) has together with the SKM, ANGKASA and government in empowering woman through cooperatives. Cooperative allows women who might have been isolated and working individually to band together and create economies of scale as well as increase their own bargaining power in market.

6 RESEARCH BACKGROUND Malaysia comprising of 13 states and three federal territories. With a population of over 30 million. In 2015, There are total of 10,087 registered cooperatives in Malaysia, with a total membership of more than 7 million people. General Statistic based on group target (as at 30 th June 2018), total registered Woman Cooperative 229 with total members 18, Total cooperative as at 30 th June 2018 are 14,094 with total members 14,780,445,495. (Source: Arkib Statistik Interim, SKM retrieved on 7 th Dec 2018)

7 PROBLEM STATEMENTS The problems with cooperative entrepreneurship, trainings, human resource, management, internal control and other related issues have been investigated by number of researchers abroad, but very little or no investigation has been done on single mother cooperatives in Malaysia. Mustapa Kamal Maulut (2015) conducted research in entrepreneurship, enhance the capability of the Cooperative BOD and good characteristic of BOD. Anuar Mat Esa (2015) studied on the benefits of establishing cooperatives to their members. Isabelita Manalo and Karen Quilloy(2015) stated about social integration and poverty reduction, the cooperatives as a model preferred by people, the importance of training & education, skillful & knowledgeable co-operative community, and Enhancing human resource skill through education & professionalism.

8 PROBLEM STATEMENTS M.Karthikeyan (2016) explaining on democracy in cooperative -enable poor people to take control & ownership of the process to fight poverty and factors that contribute to dormant. Farahaini (2016) discussing on the importance of internal control to prevent error and fraud in cooperative. Juliana (2016) put emphasis on the collaboration and strategic alliance between the cooperatives, the private sectors, government agency, government link companies (GLC) and non-government institutions in business development model.

9 PROBLEM STATEMENTS (Cont.) LIMITED RESOURCES LOW COMPETENCY DEPENDENCE ON SUBSIDIES AND SPONSORS LACK KNOWLEDGE ON CO-OPERATIVES LACK OF LEADERSHIP LACK OF MANAGEMENT SKILL SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES TOWARDS MEMBER

RESEARCH Objectives & Questions OBJECTIVES To examine challenges

To identify problems faced by a single mother when starting and

To identify the best cooperative model of single mother cooperative.

10 RESEARCH Objectives & Questions OBJECTIVES To examine challenges contributing to the survival of single mother cooperatives. To identify problems faced by a single mother when starting and operate the cooperative business. To identify the best cooperative model of single mother cooperative. What are the challenges contributing to the survival of single mother cooperatives?. What are the problems faced by a single mother when starting and operate the cooperative business? What are the best cooperative model of single mother cooperative?

11 SIGNIFICANT / RESEARCH SCOPE The scope of this study involves 23 Single Mother Cooperative registered with SKM in Peninsular Malaysia (data as at 30 September 2017). Generally, challenges is a measurable concept, quantitatively determined by the ratio of output to input and also defined as a measure of a unit s ability to produce output for a given set of input. However, difficulties of accessing and seeking permission to visit single mother cooperatives has limiting scope of studies. This study is considered as the first attempt to evaluate the key challenges contributes to success or failures of single mother cooperatives.

12 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Scope of Study Single mother cooperatives in Peninsular Malaysia were surveyed for this research. Data Data was obtained from in-depth interview with to gather data about cooperatives profile and issues such their business status, challenges and survival strategies. Research Pilot Testing Pilot testing means finding out if your survey, key informant interview guide or observation form will work in the real world by trying it out first on a few people. In this research pilot test involved 12 SKM officers and 2 single mother cooperative BOD. Respondent 350 single mothers from 7 Single Mothers Cooperatives with active status.

13 RESEARCH FINDINGS Researcher has conduct pre-interview through recorded phone calls and found, of the 23 single mother co-operatives in peninsular Malaysia, only 7 single mothers co-operative were still active, others are dormant and almost nonoperational.

14 RECORDED CONVERSATION

15 RECORDED CONVERSATION

16 STUDY LIMITATIONS Limitations of this study are as follows: 1. The study only focused on Single Mother Cooperative in peninsular Malaysia. Thus, the information collected is limited to a single mother only and cannot be generalize to all kind of cooperatives. 2. The data collected from all respondents among SKM Officers in Peninsular Malaysia. Some respondents does not have enough information about single mother co-operative under their district area. 3. The single mother co-operative key person majority could not be interviewed due to policy set by Malaysia Co-operative Societies Commission (MCSC) and the cooperative regulations.

17 Single Mother Co-operatives With Active Status As at 30 September 2018 CO-OPERATIVES DETAILS REGISTER DATE 1. Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Lenggong Berhad (Perak) 14/7/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Cempaka Biru Daerah Gombak Dan Petaling Berhad (Selangor) 29/6/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Felda Bukit Kepayang Bera Berhad (Pahang) 4. Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Paya Besar Berhad (Pahang) formerly known as KOSMA (Koperasi Serbausaha Makmur Berhad) 18/1/2013 3/4/ Koperasi Ibu Hati Waja Langkawi Berhad (Kedah) 1/4/ Koperasi Ibu Bistari Melaka Berhad (Melaka) 23/3/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur Berhad (Wilayah Persekutuan) 19/7/2012

18 Single Mother Co-operative With Dormant And Non-Operational Status As at 30 September 2018 ITEM CO-OPERATIVES DETAILS REGISTER DATE 1. Koperasi Usahawan Insaniah Ibu Tunggal Perak Berhad (Perak) 26/5/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Cina Perak Berhad (Perak) 26/11/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Tanjong Karang Berhad (Selangor) 9/4/ Koperasi Rangkaian Hati Hulu Langat Berhad (Selangor) 5/10/ Koperasi Mutiara Maran Berhad (Pahang) 21/11/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Jerantut Berhad (Pahang) 31/7/ Koperasi Daya Usaha Ibu Tunggal Kota Bharu Berhad (Kelantan) 15/12/ Koperasi Peka Kelantan Berhad (Kelantan) 2/10/ Koperasi Pertubuhan Ibu Tunggal C.A.R.E Negeri Johor Darul Ta zim (Johor) 1/4/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Dan Wanita Pokok Sena Berhad (Kedah) 4/7/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Islam Negeri Melaka Berhad (Melaka) 1/4/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Jempol Berhad (Negeri Sembilan) 17/2/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Bayan Baru Pulau Pinang Berhad (Pulau Pinang) 26/8/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Pulau Pinang Berhad (Pulau Pinang) 6/4/ Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Mak Mandin Butterworth Berhad 29/1/2010 (Pulau Pinang) 16. Koperasi Ibu Tunggal Anggun Bestari Perlis Berhad (Perlis) 29/4/2010

19 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

20 SHORT TERM DEVELOPMENT PLANS 1. Co-operatives Awareness Program 2. Enhancing Human Resource Skills Through Education and Professionalism 3. Training Needs Analysis 4. Strengthening networks and linkages of the co-operative sector 5. Entrepreneurship program

21 LONG TERM DEVELOPMENT PLANS 1. Increasing the Active Involvement of Government and Private Sectors 2. Boosting the Growth of Entrepreneurship through Small Scale Industry 3. Developing Satisfaction of Members 4. Improving Access to Support Services with Focus on Financial Services 5. Developing Single mother Co-operative Model

22 THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDY 1. To provide the MINISTRY OF WOMAN DEVELOPMENT, FAMILY AND COMMUNITY; and relevant government agencies to identify ways to increase living standards single mothers in Peninsular Malaysia ; provide more new business opportunities for single mother at the state and federal level, as well as international trade; AND provide sufficient entrepreneurial development budget to support single mother 2. To help SINGLE MOTHERS in improving their motivation to achieve high economic status through entrepreneurial activities.

23 THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDY (Cont.) 3. To encourage MKM to continuously provide training to single mother community and increase number of skilled entrepreneurs. 4. To create awareness among GOVERNMENT AGENCIES to in terms of business capital. 5. To encourage ANGKASA to seriously monitoring the performance of Woman s Cooperative Consortium. There are 18 singles mother coop in consortium. 6. To recommend SKM to conduct TNA and performance monitoring.

24 CONCLUSIONS Formation of co-operatives among the single mother communities were encouraged to help them market their produce, widen their business activities, increase their income, and enhance their entrepreneurial skills. The entrepreneurship skills that were developed through co-operative experience which will equip single mother with necessary entrepreneurship skills and therefore they will be able to stand on their feet and become competitive entrepreneurs in future.

25 KOOP IBU TUNGGAL CEMPAKA BIRU (Seliaan SKM Wilayah & Gombak) Koop Chempaka Biru Pengerusi Koop Chempaka Biru Beli oven Buat kuih

26 THANK YOU TO SKM IPOH

27 THANK YOU

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