GUIDE FOR THE TRANSVERSALIZATION OF GENDER ISSUES IN PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS FINANCING BY THE GREEN FUND FOR THE CLIMATE IN HONDURAS

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1 GUIDE FOR THE TRANSVERSALIZATION OF GENDER ISSUES IN PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS FINANCING BY THE GREEN FUND FOR THE CLIMATE IN HONDURAS

2 This guide has been prepared by Marcello Abate, international consultant of the Secretariat of Natural Resources, Environment, Energy and Mines. December 2017 Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 2

3 ACRONYMS DNA COP EA EI GEI ODS ONU National Designated Authority Conference of the Parties Accredited Entity Entity Greenhouse gases Sustainable Development Goals United Nations Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 3

4 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction: gender and climate change...5 Presentation of the guide: what it is and how it is used...6 The Rights Aproach...7 Decisions on gender equity taken at the CMUNCC Policy and Gender Action Plan of the GFC Steps to operationalize the gender mainstreaming Annex 1 Identification of vulnerabilities and capacities for change Annex 2 - questions for gender analysis Annex 3 - Findings and associated gender sensitive indicators Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 4

5 Introduction: gender and climate change Climate change is the main challenge of our times, both for the environment and for development. Global warming will also have critical impacts on the human rights of peoples and individuals and especially on inequalities, including gender inequalities. On several occasions, the international community has recognized the existence of differentiated effects and of different proportions between men and women in terms of the impacts of climate change and associated severe climate events. Mortality related to disasters is greater in women than in men, while floods and droughts have a greater impact on women's poverty conditions, as well as on unpaid domestic and care work performed by women. Discriminatory social and cultural norms towards women and girls are behind the different impacts of climate change on them, but they are not the only causes. In fact, the lack of ownership in their name, as well as unequal access to land, water and the means of production, combined with reduced mobility and decision-making power, also affect this reality. On the other hand, the international community has been increasingly recognizing the active role of women in the fight against global warming. With their significant contributions to adaptation and mitigation efforts, women are now recognized as agents of change that contribute to the resilience of the environments in which they live and work, investing in renewable energy solutions, friendly agriculture, preparing for face disasters and finding innovative solutions to face the impacts of climate change. Reflecting this reality, the Paris Agreement recognizes the importance of gender equity and the role of women as agents of change in the search for sustainable solutions. After more than two decades of climate negotiations in which gender and gender equity have not been adequately addressed, for the first time in the history of the Conferences of the Parties, gender equity is raised in the preamble and in the Articles of the Paris Agreement1. Recognizing that climate change is a problem for all humanity and that, when taking measures to address it, Parties should respect, promote and take into account their respective obligations related to human rights, the right to health, the rights of indigenous peoples, local communities, migrants, children, persons with disabilities and people in vulnerable situations and the right to development, as well as gender equality, the 1 Women key agents for tackling climate change, artículo de noticia del Fondo Verde para el Clima, disponible el 13 de diciembre 2017 en: Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 5

6 empowerment of women and intergenerational equity. "(Agreement of Paris, preamble). Presentation of the guide: what it is and how it is used As can be seen in the graph above, the Guide on gender mainstreaming is applied to climate change adaptation and / or mitigation programs and projects that the FVC can potentially finance. In this sense, the Guide is inserted in the dynamics of preparation of the proposals of said programs and projects by the EAs and the evaluation of the same by the DNA, prior to an approval of this and following presentation to the Fund. to have a financing of this mechanism. Based on the foregoing, this Guide represents a gender mainstreaming tool, in compliance with the national and international obligations assumed by the State of to guarantee, promote and protect the human rights of women and girls. The tools included in this document will therefore serve to pursue the following objectives: 1. Promote the inclusion of gender issues in the preparation and design of proposals for climate change adaptation and / or mitigation programs and projects to be submitted to the GCF for funding; 2. Provide gender mainstreaming tools to relevant public and / or private stakeholders involved in the design and preparation of proposals for programs and / or climate change adaptation and mitigation projects that can be financed Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 6

7 by the FVC; 3. Guarantee the full and effective participation of women and girls entitled to rights in the areas interested in the project and / or program proposal, by defining tools that promote the realization of these rights and obligations. The Rights Aproach Days before the opening of the 23 Conference of the Parties (COP23) held in Bonn in November 2017, experts from the United Nations (UN) have recalled the importance of human rights in addressing the problem of glo bal warming. Through a statement, the independent experts have declared that2: "Human rights must be central to the way in which the Paris climate change agreement is implemented. [...] The world must also fulfill its obligations to cooperate across borders and mobilize all available resources to progressively realize economic, social and cultural rights, and advance civil and political rights and the right to development. [...] The international community must respond in a way that safeguards the human rights of individuals and communities. [...] The implementation guidelines discussed in Bonn must respect key human rights principles such as transparency, accountability, inclusion, informed and effective public participation, access to justice and equality and non-discrimination. [...] Particular attention should be paid to the gender dimensions of climate change and intergenerational equity ". The Paris Agreement reinforces the idea, in addition, of shared commitment and based on national legislation, in the following terms: "Bearing in mind the importance of the commitment of all levels of government and of the different actors, in accordance with the national legislation of each Party, when dealing with climate change". For its part, the Framework Convention reminds that the participation of actors - and obviously also of women and girls - will be promoted and facilitated by the States Parties "[...] in accordance with national laws and regulations and according to their respective capacity " In this sense, the rights approach that should be adopted in the implementation of this guide is framed in a series of commitments and obligations that the State of has contracted over time, especially with regard to the human rights of women and girls. 2 Human rights must be centre-stage as Paris climate change deal takes effect, UN experts say, disponible el 5 de diciembre 2017 en: ts/pages/displaynews.aspx?newsid=22350&langid=e Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 7

8 Although the Constitution explicitly disciplines specific situations that are not necessarily related to the subject matter, the rights of women and girls are protected by the Magna Carta insofar as it makes fundamental the principles of international law and the inherent rights of women. human dignity It is important to remember that the State of recognizes the human rights treaties celebrated as part of its own internal law. Constitution of (1982) Art. 15 " endorses the principles and practices of international law that tend to human solidarity, regarding the self-determination of peoples, nonintervention and the consolidation of universal peace and democracy. proclaims as unavoidable the validity and mandatory execution of arbitral and judicial sentences of an international nature ". Art. 16 "All international treaties must be approved by the National Congress before its ratification by the Executive Power. International treaties concluded by with other states, once they enter into force, are part of domestic law. " Art. 63 "The declarations, rights and guarantees that this Constitution enumerates, will not be understood as a denial of other declarations, rights and guarantees not specified, that are born of sovereignty, of the republican, democratic and representative form of government and of the dignity of man". In this regard, within the framework of international and regional commitments and obligations on the protection of the rights of women and girls, the State of has acceded and ratified a series of treaties, conventions and agreements. In the following table, we recall the main relevant instruments subscribed, ratified or to which the country has adhered: UNIVERSAL SYSTEM International Covenant Ratified by Decree No of the National on Civil and Political Congress, on June 18, Published in the Official Rights Gazette "La Gaceta" No. 28, 293 on June 24, Deposit: August 25, Children's rights Ratified by Decree No of the National Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 8

9 convention Congress, on July 24, Published in the Official Gazette "La Gaceta" No. 26,259 on August 10, International Covenant Ratified by Decree No. 961 of the Military Junta of on Economic, Social and Government in the Council of Ministers of June 18, Cultural Rights Published in the Official Gazette "La Gaceta" No. 23,167 of July 30, Convention on the Ratified by Decree No. 979 of the Military Elimination of All Forms Government Junta of July 14, Published in the of Discrimination Official Gazette "La Gaceta" No. 23,203 of September against Women 10, Deposit: March 3, United Nations Signed on June 13, 1992 and ratified on October 19, Framework Convention on Climate Change Convention on Biological Signed on June 13, 1992 and ratified by Legislative Diversity Decree No of February 21, International Ratified by means of Legislative Decree of Convention to Combat April 28, 1997, published in La Gaceta on June 24, Desertification and Drought ILO Convention on Ratified by Decree No. 209 of the National Congress Discrimination in of March 19, Published in the Official Gazette Employment and "La Gaceta" No.17, 084 of May 21, Occupation (111) INTERAMERICAN SYSTEM Additional Protocol to the American Accession on October 11, Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Inter-American Signed by on October 6, 1994 and ratified Convention on the on December 7, Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence against Women "Convention of Belém do Pará" Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 9

10 American Convention on Human Rights Ratified by Decree No. 523 of the Head of State in the Council of Ministers, on August 26, Published in the Official Gazette "La Gaceta" No. 22, , on September 1, Decisions on gender equity taken at the CMUNCC Gender equality is increasingly seen as a crucial issue of a transversal nature in the main multilateral agreements on the environment. In 1992, Agenda 21 recognizes in Chapter 24 that "women have considerable knowledge and experience in the management and conservation of natural resources." Then, in 2001, the Parties to the UNFCCC agreed on the first text on gender equality and women's participation, adopting two decisions at the seventh Conference in Marrakech. Nine years later, in 2010, the Parties declare that gender equality and women's participation are necessary for effective action in all aspects of climate change. Since then, issues of gender equality have been included in decisions adopted in almost all the thematic areas dealt with by the UNFCCC. A language is beginning to be adopted that recognizes that the integration of women's rights and gender equality in the mitigation of biodiversity loss, desertification and climate change is not only essential, but also maximizes the effectiveness of interventions, programs and resources. In this way, by 2013 the main legal instruments and normative agreements are made with texts that promote gender equality and women's rights. The three key United Nations agreements on the environment: the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) and the Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) have incorporated gender equality, although at different rates and in different ways. The following are the most important decisions regarding gender equality and equity: Decision 28/CP.73: taken in 2001, this decision refers to the guidelines for the preparation of the National Adaptation Action Programs (known as NAPA for its acronym in English), which must integrate gender equity as one of the elements that make them up.; Decision 36/CP.74: also taken in 2001, on "Improving the participation of women in the representation of the Parties in the bodies established under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change or the Kyoto Protocol"; 3 dc/documents/13a04p7.pdf 4https://unfccc.int/files/bodies/election_and_membership/application/pdf/decision_36_cp7.pdf Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 10

11 Decision 6/CP.165: taken in 2010, regarding the extension of the mandate of the Group of Experts on Least Developed Countries, this decision includes new elements in charge of this group, so that it can provide technical assistance and advice also in terms of strengthening gender issues and those related to vulnerable communities in the preparation and implementation of NAPAs; Decision 7/CP.166: taken in 2010, on "Ways to improve the amended New Delhi work program for the implementation of article 6 of the Convention and progress made in that regard", in this decision the Parties are invited to take into account, among other things, the gender perspective in the elaboration of plans and strategies related to article 6 and that promote the participation of women in decision-making related to climate change at the national level and their attendance to meetings established under the Convention; Decision 1 / CP.16: taken in 2011, on the results of the Ad Hoc Working Group on long-term cooperative action, this decision integrates several elements of interest to consider. Among them: - the shared vision of involving a broad spectrum of actors at all levels and with gender equity and effective participation of women; - that adaptation is gender-sensitive, participatory and takes into consideration vulnerable groups; - that when national strategies or action plans for mitigation are developed and implemented, gender considerations are taken, ensuring full and effective participation of relevant actors; - that response measures are taken especially considering the economic and social consequences on vulnerable groups such as women, girls and boys; - that endogenous capacities be built and strengthened taking into account gender aspects. Decision 2/CP.177: taken in 2011, about the result of the work of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the action of long-term cooperation, this decision integrates several elements of interest to consider. Among them: that the Parties take fully into account the positive and negative effects of the implementation of response measures to mitigate climate change in society and in all vulnerable groups, in particular women and children; - that Parties appoint experts for the Adaptation Committee with a diversity of experience and knowledge relevant to climate change adaptation, also taking into account the need to achieve gender balance; - the importance of taking gender aspects into account and of recognizing the role and needs of young people and persons with disabilities in capacitybuilding activities; - that the Standing Committee will be composed of members appointed by the Parties for approval by the Conference of the Parties, who will have the necessary experience and knowledge, especially in the areas of climate Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 11

12 change, development and finance, taking into account the need to achieve gender balance; - that the mission of the Center and the Climate Technology Network is to stimulate technological cooperation and improve the development and transfer of technologies, and to assist Parties that are developing countries that request in the preparation and implementation of projects and strategies that take into into account gender considerations to support mitigation and adaptation measures and improve low emissions and climate-resilient development; - that the management effectiveness of the host organization to ensure gender sensitivity is a criterion that will be used to evaluate and select the host of the Climate and Information Technology Center and Network; Decision 3/CP.178: taken in 2011, on the launch of the Green Climate Fund, this decision states that: - the gender approach will be adopted as one of the guiding principles; - the selection of the members of the Board will take due account of the gender balance; - the selection of the staff of the Secretariat will take into account the gender balance; - the Fund will encourage the participation of relevant stakeholders, including vulnerable groups and addressing gender issues; - The Board will develop mechanisms to promote the contribution and participation of stakeholders, including women. Decision 5/CP.179: taken in 2011 on national adaptation plans, this decision states that improved adaptation action should take into account gender issues, be based on and be guided by gender-sensitive approaches. Likewise, when developing the plans, the identification of specific needs, options and priorities based, among others, on the effective and continuous promotion of participation and gender will be considered. Decision 6/CP.1710: taken in 2011, on the Nairobi work program in terms of effects, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change, in this decision the Conference requests the Secretariat to include indigenous and traditional knowledge and practices for adaptation in the following workshops and gender - sensitive instruments and approaches as cross-cutting issues. Decision 12/CP.1711: taken in 2011, in terms of guidance on systems to provide information on how safeguards are addressed and respected, this decision establishes that information systems should respect gender considerations. Decision 13/CP : taken in 2011, on "Capacity building under the Convention", this decision reaffirms the importance of taking into account 8 ídem. 9 ídem ídem. Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 12

13 gender aspects and of recognizing the role and needs of young people and people with disabilities in the activities of capacity building. Decision 3/CP.1813: taken in 2012, on "Approaches to Address Losses and Damages Associated with Climate Change Impacts in Particularly Vulnerable Developing Countries to Improve Adaptability", in this decision the Conference recognizes that there is additional work to be done to improve understanding of how the loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change affect segments of the population that are already vulnerable due to their geographical location, sex, age, indigenous or minority status or disability and how to implement approaches to address the Loss and damage can benefit those segments of the population. It also recognizes that there is work to be done to strengthen and support the collection and management of relevant data, including data disaggregated by gender. Decision 15/CP.1814: taken in 2012, on the "Doha Work Program on Article 6 of the Convention", in this decision: - recognizes that the goal of education is to promote changes in lifestyles, attitudes and behavior needed to promote sustainable development and prepare children, youth, women, disabled and grassroots communities to adapt to the impacts of change climate; - reaffirms the importance of taking into account gender issues and the need to promote the effective participation of children, youth, elderly, women, persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples, local communities and NGOs in related activities with Article 6 Convention; - notes that gender is a cross-cutting issue in the six elements of Article 6 of the Convention; - notes that the application of Article 6 of the Convention has a wide range of stakeholders, including governments, the private sector, intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations and other international organizations responsible for decision-making, scientists, media, teachers, the general public, youth, women, people with disabilities and indigenous peoples, among others; - establishes that the Doha work program will be guided, inter alia, by gender and by an intergenerational approach; - states cooperate in, promote, facilitate, develop and implement formal and non-formal education programs and training focused on climate change at all levels, targeting women and young people in particular, and including exchange or secondment of personnel to train experts; - It establishes public input and participation, including the participation of youth, women, civil society organizations and other groups, in the formulation and implementation of efforts to address climate change, and also in relation to the preparation of national communications, and encourage the participation and participation of representatives of all stakeholders and major groups in the climate change negotiation process; 12 ídem Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 13

14 - invites NGOs to improve the active participation of young people, women, civil society organizations and the media in activities related to climate change. Decision 23/CP.1815: taken in 2012, on "Promoting gender balance and improving participation of women in negotiations and on behalf of Parties in bodies established under the Convention or the Kyoto Protocol", on this occasion the Conference: - notes that, despite all the efforts made, women continue to be underrepresented in the established bodies; - recognizes the need for women to be represented in all aspects of the UNFCCC process, including through the membership of their national delegations and the chairmanship and facilitation of formal and informal negotiating groups, in order to inform a climate policy sensitive to gender; - also recognizes the importance of a balanced representation of women from developing and developed countries in the UNFCCC process so that gender-sensitive climate policy responds to the different needs of men and women in national and local contexts; - considers the importance of ensuring coherence between the participation of women in the UNFCCC process and the principles and objectives of international instruments and relevant multilateral processes, such as the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, which recognize the importance of women's empowerment and full participation on equal terms with men in all spheres of society, including participation in decision-making processes and access to the power; - recognizes the results of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, in particular the recognition of women's leadership and their vital role in the achievement of sustainable development and the emphasis on the impact of the establishment of specific goals and the implementation of temporary measures, as appropriate, to substantially increase the number of women in leadership positions, with the aim of achieving gender parity; - decides to adopt a goal of gender balance in the bodies established under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol, to improve the participation of women and inform more effective policies on climate change that respond to the needs of women and men same; - invites current and future chairpersons of these bodies to be guided by the goal of gender balance by establishing informal negotiating groups and consultation mechanisms, such as contact groups, secondary groups and panels, and nominating their facilitators and chairpersons ; - also invites other institutions established in accordance with the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol to be guided by the goal of gender 15 ection_and_membership/application/pdf/cop18_gender_balan ce.pdf Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 14

15 balance, with the aim of a gradual but significant increase in the participation of women to achieve this goal; - invites Parties to commit themselves to achieving the goal of gender balance, inter alia, by proposing women for the bodies established in the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol with the aim of gradually increasing the participation of women to achieve this goal; - invites Parties to encourage more women to be candidates for positions within bodies established under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol and to take due account of the appointment of female representatives in these bodies; - also invites Parties to fight for gender balance in their delegations to meetings under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol; - requests the Secretariat to maintain information on the gender composition of the bodies constituted under the Convention and the Kyoto Protocol, including information on the representation of women from regional groups, to gather information on the composition of delegations in the periods the Kyoto Protocol and report this information to the Conference of the Parties for its annual consideration, in order to allow monitoring of the progress made towards the goal of gender balance in the promotion of a gender-sensitive climate policy; - decides to add the issue of gender and climate change as a permanent item on the agenda of the sessions of the Conference of the Parties to allow the Conference of the Parties to consider the information related to the progress made on this decision. Policy and Gender Action Plan of the GFC In adopting a specific gender policy, the Fund considers three (3) main reasons that motivate and sustain its mandate: 1. Women, like men, contribute significantly to fighting climate change. Changing the paradigm towards low emission and climate resilient development pathways - which is the mandate of the Fund - requires a large number of individual and collective decisions of women and men. A gender-sensitive approach is, therefore, part of a paradigm shift; 2. Climate change affects men and women differently, to the detriment o f the situation of the latter, and existing gender inequalities are likely to be aggravated by climate change; 3. Like other areas of development, gender inequality, aggravated by climate change, is also linked to vulnerability and risks. The greater vulnerability of women to climate change derives from gender norms and discrimination that result in an unbalanced division of labor, as well as lower income and fewer opportunities, less access and control over Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 15

16 land and other productive assets, less legal rights, less mobility and less political and professional representation. Based on the above, the FVC Gender Policy establishes four (4) main objectives to be pursued: 1. Ensure that by adopting a gender-sensitive approach, the Fund achieves greater, more effective, sustainable, and equitable results, effects, and impacts in the area of climate change, in an efficient and complete manner in its internal and external procedures and activities; 2. Build resilience capacities of women and men equally, in order to face climate change and ensure that both will contribute equally to and benefit equally from the activities supported by the Fund; 3. Address and mitigate the potential risks evaluated of programs and projects for women and men, associated with the adaptation and mitigation activities financed by the Fund; 4. Contribute to reducing the gender gap in social, economic and environmental vulnerabilities aggravated by climate change. Associated with these objectives, the Policy also establishes six (6) fundamental principles: a) Commitment to gender equality and equity: By adopting a gender-sensitive approach in its mandate on climate change, the Fund is committed to contributing to gender equality, as enshrined in international agreements and national constitutions, and in other human rights agreements.9 9 Therefore, the Fund also commits to: Understand the sociocultural factors underlying climate change: exacerbated gender inequality and the possible contribution of women and men to social changes to build capacity for resilience and capacity to cope with climate change; Adopt methods and tools to promote gender equality and reduce gender inequalities in climate finance; Measure the results and impacts of their activities on the resilience of women and men in the face of climate change. b) Inclusion in terms of applicability to all Fund activities: The Fund applies its gender policy to all its mitigation and adaptation activities to climate change, whether implemented by international, regional, national or subnational, public or private entities accredited to the Fund. c) Responsibility for the results and impacts of gender and climate change: Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 16

17 Through the accreditation process and taking into account the appropriate accreditation approach, entities will be required to comply with the Fund's gender policy. They will also be required to have policies, procedures and competencies to implement the Fund's gender policy. After accreditation, and at the program and / or project level, the accredited entity will be responsible for implementing the gender policy in relation to the program and / or project approved by the Fund through the identification and implementation in the country, as well as for the presentation of results reports. The implementation of the Fund's guidelines on initial socio-economic and gender assessments and environmental and social safeguards of the Fund (ESS) as regards the program and / or project is mandatory. Complaints and grievances related to gender that may occur in projects and programs are processed through the Fund's repair mechanism. The administration and staff of the Fund are responsible for gender outcomes. This is reflected in the Fund's administrative policies and procedures, including the management of human resources and the contracting of services. d) National ownership in terms of alignment with national policies and priorities and the inclusive participation of stakeholders: The proposed programs and / or projects presented to the Fund should be aligned with national gender policies and priorities and with the gender policy of the Fund. Equal opportunities to be included in consultations with stakeholders and in decision-making during the preparation, execution and evaluation of the project and program should be provided to women and men. e) Competencies throughout the institutional framework of the Fund: The Fund strives to achieve gender balance in the main advisory and decisionmaking bodies, including the appointments of its Board members and the administration and staff of the Secretariat. The Secretariat will also appoint a senior staff member with gender and social development competencies to direct the implementation of the policy; senior staff members will report to the chief of accreditation within the Secretariat. In addition, the Secretariat endeavors to include relevant gender and climate change competencies in the Accreditation Panel, the Investment Committee, the Risk Management Committee and the Private Sector Advisory Group, as well as technical advisers. In the accreditation process, entities will be required to have policies, procedures and established competencies to implement the Fund's gender policy. The DNAs / Focal Points (FPs) and accredited entities can request the preparation and preparatory support of the Fund to improve their capacity to implement the gender policy. The Fund is committed to the generation of knowledge as experience in gender and climate change is acquired. It also undertakes to capitalize on the knowledge and experience gained from other organizations. Such knowledge will be used to strengthen the competencies of all stakeholders. f) Equitable allocation of resources for women and men to benefit equitably from the Fund's activities in adaptation and mitigation: Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 17

18 The allocation of the Fund's resources for adaptation and mitigation projects and programs contributes to gender equality and the empowerment of women. The Fund seeks to ensure that its projects and programs support initiatives that address the inequity of the impacts of climate change and provide gender sensitive solutions for climate change mitigation and adaptation, as well as for the preparation phase. When it is necessary to correct the gender inequality exacerbated by climate change that affects women, the Fund will allocate funds to support women's mitigation and adaptation to climate change initiatives. The Action Plan defined based on this policy has a duration of three (3) years. In this way, it is intended to reformulate a new plan once this period is over and evaluate its impact. The following plan is expected to align with the business cycle of the Fund. This first Plan includes six (6) priority areas: a) Governance and institutional structure: The general implementation of the gender policy will be the responsibility of all the components of the operational structure of the Fund and of the Designated National Authorities (NDA). The main operational responsibility for the implementation of the gender policy will be with the Accredited Entities, including the Entities of Implementation16 (EIs) e intermediaries The role of an EI is related to the management and supervision of the implementation of the project, which includes the creation and preparation of a financing proposal, the subsequent management of the necessary stages of the implementation process until its conclusion (project management) in name of the provider of funds (the Fund) and information obligations. 11. The IEs usually perform this function by transferring funds from the funding source (the Fund) to the executing entities (EE). The EEs are the owners or project entities directly responsible for the operational implementation and execution of the project with full responsibility to the IE or the relevant intermediary. 12. From the operational point of view, an EI can be understood as a legal entity, public or private, duly accredited to the Fund, whose accredited institutional capacities allow it to present financing proposals in relation to specific projects to be financed. by the Fund, with the explicit function of managing the approved project cycle from preparation to completion. 13. It is expected that the IE will channel exclusively the subsidies of the Fund and will be entitled to charge a fee for the services rendered in accordance with the terms and conditions that the Fund will apply. 14. With respect to the role of the execution of projects and programs, the responsibilities of an EI will include the management, financial, administrative, monitoring and evaluation, and reporting tasks that are necessary for the satisfactory full implementation of the proposal. approved funding and in accordance with the relevant operational guidelines of the Fund. Green Climate Fund, "Guiding Framework and Procedures for Accrediting National, Regional and International Implementing Entities and Intermediaries, Including the Fund's Fiduciary Principles and Standards and Environmental and Social Safeguards," pg. 2-3, available on December 15, 2017 at: - _Guiding_Framework_for_Accreditation.pdf/a855fdf1 -e89b-47fb-8a41-dfa2050d38b9 17 Intermediaries can be understood as references to public and private (financial or non-financial) subnational, national, regional or international entities with accredited capacities for intermediation. 16. Intermediaries are considered subnational, national, regional or international accredited entit ies that have been able to demonstrate additional specialized capabilities that allow them to intermediate or administer donations and / or loans, combining the resources of the Fund, even with their own resources. and, in general, provide instruments adapted to EEs, conclude agreements with EEs corresponding to the type of extended instruments, disburse funds to, and, in the case of loans, receive Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 18

19 The Board approves the gender policy and oversees the implementation of the Action Plan, at least once a year, by reviewing the periodic monitoring reports of the Secretariat, the impact evaluation reports of the Evaluation Unit and the reports of the repair mechanism. The Secretariat carries out its due diligence for the implementation of the gender policy through the accreditation of EIs and intermediaries, and the approval and monitoring process of the project. In addition, it informs the Board of the progress made in the implementation of the Policy and Action Plan. A senior specialist in gender issues and social development will be appointed in the National Programming Division, which will have the operational responsibility to manage the implementation of the Policy and Plan of Action on gender issues. The ANDs verify through the no-objection procedure that the project proposals are aligned with the countries' gender policies, as well as with their climate change policies and priorities. The Fund expects the DNAs to use, as appropriate, the gender competencies of the countries to review their climate change plans, programs and projects. b) Operational guidelines: An initial socioeconomic and gender assessment is mandatory and complementary to the process of environmental and social safeguards (ESS), which the EAs must carry out to collect reference data, and to: Determine how the program and / or project responds to the needs of women and men in view of the specific problem of climate change that is addressed; Identify the drivers of change and gender dynamics to achieve the goals of adaptation or mitigation of the program and / or project; Identify and design the specific gender elements that will be included in the activities of the program and / or project; Calculate implementation budgets; Identify indicators of product, result and impact; Design the implementation of the program and / or project and monitor the institutional arrangements; Consult stakeholders with gender equity and based on the gender parameters provided in the policy; EE debt service, and ensure that the EE adhere to the Interim ESS of the Fund, initial fiduciary standards and other requirements. These additional capabilities for intermediation can be accredite d from the beginning or gradually as the institution evolves. For this reason, these institutions may act as IEs and intermediaries. 17. According to this understanding, the scope of the functions and responsibilities of intermediaries is broader than that of the IAs, derived from their capacities for the intermediation or administration of grants and / or loans, which may include one or more of them. the following tasks in a program or project: a) Mechanisms for granting subsidies; (b) the loans and the capacity to carry out the due diligence thereof; (c) Financial mix. Green Climate Fund, "Guiding Framework and Procedures for Accrediting National, Regional and International Implementing Entities and Intermediaries, Including the Fund's Fiduciary Principles and Standards and Environmental and Social Safeguards," pg. 4, available on December 15, 2017 at: GCF_ B.07_ 02_ - _Guiding_Framework_for_Accreditation.pdf/a855fdf1-e89b-47fb-8a41-dfa2050d38b9 Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 19

20 Include the gender perspective in the mandatory application of social and environmental safeguards of the program and / or project, in accordance with the decision B.07/0218; 4 Examine the gender sensitivity of the project in the various stages of the project preparation, evaluation, approval and monitoring process, by the relevant agencies (DNAs, AEs, and the Secretariat). b) Capacity Building: DNAs and AEs can request preparatory support from the Fund in relation to gender training and capacity building. They can also obtain training in gender issues and capacity building through their partnerships with other organizations (such as bilateral, multilateral and international organizations, as well as NGOs). c) Products, results, impacts and paradigm change objectives used for monitoring, reporting and evaluation: Gender sensitivity has been applied to the Fund's initial results management framework19 and the additional development document for adaptation and mitigation. Both in adaptation and in mitigation, measuring the resilience to climate change of women and men is common, as well as measuring the behaviors of both to maintain the development of low emissions. To monitor the implementation of the gender policy, two specific portfolio indicators are proposed: For income quality: the percentage of adaptation and mitigation projects that include gender-specific elements and gender-sensitive implementation arrangements; On the basis of the best practices of other organizations, a portfolio classification system will be adopted, consisting of a qualification of the project in the entry for gender sensitivity. Such a system allows a global analysis of the portfolio from a gender perspective, an evaluation of the effectiveness and, eventually, the corrective measures that will be taken. d) Allocation of resources and budget: As the foundation of the Fund's gender policy is to generate greater and more equitable climate change outcomes, the project approval process may 18 Green Climate Fund, Guiding Framework and Procedures for Accrediting National, Regional and International Implementing Entities and Intermediaries, Including the Fund s Fiduciary Principles and Standards and Environmental and Social Safeguards, disponible el 15 de diciembre 2017 en: - _Guiding_Framework_for_Accreditation.pdf/a855fdf1 -e89b-47fb-8a41-dfa2050d38b9 19 Green Climate Fund, Initial Results Management Framework of the Fund, disponible el día 15 de diciembre 2017 en: - _Initial_Results_Management_Framework.pdf/d8d7ecdc-d85e-46bc-b19a-bf34bb8fb1d1 Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 20

21 consider giving additional weight to projects with well-designed gender elements. e) Generation of knowledge and communications: As a learning institution, the Fund will document the experience and knowledge it will gain from the implementation of its gender policy and action plan. In particular, it will seek to identify good practices and accredited entities. At the same time, it must take advantage of the considerable knowledge already available on the programs and projects of gender and climate mitigation and adaptation implemented by other partners. The Fund will support knowledge exchange activities on gender and the financing of climate change. Communicating the Fund's commitment to gender equality, its gender sensitivity policy and its implementation guide will be a strategic communication activity and an integral part of the Fund's communications plan. It will be important to communicate to the public not only how the Fund is implementing its gender policy, but also to request periodic feedback from stakeholders and partners about the implementation of the policy and about possible improvements in the action plan. Steps to operationalize the gender mainstreaming To ensure the mainstreaming of gender issues in the program and / or project to be financed, three (3) specific elements should be included and be present in all proposals: a) A gender analysis: this analysis should make it possible to understand the social, economic and political factors related to gender inequality and exacerbated by climate change, as well as the possible contributions of women and men to develop resilience and face climate change; b) Gender actions: methodologies and tools that promote gender equity and reduce inequalities through climate action; c) A gender-sensitive monitoring and evaluation framework: tools for measuring results and impacts of program and / or project activities on the resilience of men and women to climate change. Apart from these elements, the adaptation and / or mitigation proposals must be elaborated following a series of steps that are not necessarily sequential, but that must be fulfilled: 1. Alignment with national policies and priorities 2. Gender analysis 3. Equitable consultations with interested parties to involve 4. Gender evaluation 5. Preparation of a Gender Action Plan 6. Development of a gender-sensitive results framework 7. Gender-sensitive implementation, monitoring and evaluation Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 21

22 In detail these steps imply: Step 1. Alignment with national policies and priorities. Proposals should refer to existing national plans and strategies. Under the Convention, the following national instruments have been established to evaluate and account for the emissions of Effect Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and the impacts of climate change, as well as to identify climate change priorities, strategies and actions: National communications: include information regarding GHG inventory, mitigation measures and steps to facilitate adequate adaptation; Appropriate mitigation actions at the national level: developing countries take these actions in a context of sustainable development. The actions are defined in two contexts: o At the national level as formal submission of the Parties declaring the intention to mitigate GHG emissions in a manner commensurate with their capacity and in line with their national development goals; o At the level of individual action as a detailed action or action group defined so that the country meets its national mitigation goals in a context of national development objectives. National Adaptation Action Programs: identify priority activities that respond to urgent and immediate needs with respect to adaptation, particularly those for which a greater delay could increase vulnerability and costs in later stages. Contributions decided at the national level: the Paris Agreement requires all Parties to prepare and communicate these contributions as a means of regular reporting on emissions and mitigation efforts. Step 2. Gender analysis. In this step of construction of the proposals, more information and information about the program or project should be provided, especially in terms of a gender analysis that makes visible the different impacts of climate change on men and women and the capacities of both to face them. Regardless of the sectors on which the proposal focuses, it should be considered: Include gender issues in the terms of reference of feasibility studies and social and environmental impact assessment; Involve a gender expert in the team; Collect data disaggregated by sex before the implementation of the program or project; Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 22

23 Prepare a gender analysis that includes an overview of the situation of general inequality in the country and specific to the sector (s) in which the proposal is focused. In addition, gender issues relevant to the program or project and gender-sensitive development impact opportunities should be described; Identify differentiated vulnerabilities in the face of climate change risks and capacities for change (see Annex I - Identification of vulnerabilities and capacities for change). Step 3. Equitable consultations with interested parties to involve. The consultations should involve women's groups and, as far as possible, women's organizations. In addition, queries should be based on the gender parameters defined in the Fund Policy. Although the consultations should be constant, thus ensuring a continuous involvement in the design phase of the proposed program or project, these will be particularly important for the elaboration of the gender analysis. In fact, this analysis should focus on the collection of data and information that should be analyzed with the groups involved. Therefore, the gender analysis should reflect the results of the consultations focused on the objectives and other components of the program or project, aimed at the adult and young population of women and men located in the area concerned, as well as human rights defenders. women's organizatio ns and civil society organizations that work on gender issues, national authorities and local authorities. Some reference questions for the consultations that should be reflected in the gender analysis can be found in Annex II - Questions for gender analysis. Step 4. Gender evaluation. As a result of the gender analysis, a reference narrative should be included in the proposal. This narrative constitutes the basic component of the gender evaluation that should express issues such as differentiated needs, opportunities and priorities, as well as the gaps and problems that will be addressed by the proposed intervention. It is possible that a deeper analysis is required to identify the main problem and the causes and consequences over which the proposed intervention will have some impact. Therefore, a problem tree should be presented in the gender evaluation, to be constructed in the following way: Identification of the central problem: the central problem should not necessarily be focused on gender issues, although it may be a problem that women face in the sector considered. In any case, the central problem will be the situation of climate change or the issue that climate change has worsened and that therefore requires the attention proposed by the program or project; Identification of the causes related to the main problem, through the formulation of the question "why?", Until it can not proceed further, reaching the root causes; Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 23

24 Identification of the effects related to the main problem, through the formulation of the question "what are the consequences?", Until we can not move forward; Connect the problem with the causes and effects through arrows that clearly show the connections between these elements. It is important to consider that the elements provided by the gender evaluation can be inserted in the following sections of the financing proposal form: Section F.3 "Environmental and social assessment, including gender considerations": here you can insert the key results of the gender analysis; Section E.2 "Paradigm shift potential": here you can insert a subsection on the role of potential change agents that women may have in the program or project; Section E.4 "Needs of the recipients": here you can insert information related to the identified vulnerabilities. 1. Identification of the drivers of change and the gender dynamics required to achieve the objectives of adaptation and / or mitigation of the project; 2. Identification and design of specific gender elements to include in the activities of the program / project. Step 5. Elaboration of a Gender Action Plan. The gender assessment should be translated into a series of actio ns aimed at providing adequate responses to the risks and opportunities identified. These actions will be inserted in a Gender Action Plan that should be prepared and presented with the proposed program or project. The Plan must include: Gender-sensitive actions that address and strengthen the voice and role of vulnerable men and women in climate action; Gender performance indicators and objectives disaggregated by sex that can be included in the results framework; Presentation of gender-sensitive development impacts. It is important to consider that in this case also the elements provided by the elaboration of the Plan can be inserted in the following sections of the financing proposal form: Section C3 "Description of Program / Project": here you can insert specific actions to address the identified vulnerabilities and strengthen the role of women; Section E.3.1 "Environmental, social and economic co-benefits, including the impact of gender-sensitive development": a description and quantification of these impacts can be inserted here. Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 24

25 Step 6. Development of a gender-sensitive results framework. A results framework or logical framework guides the implementation, monitoring, monitoring and evaluation of the proposed program or project. A result framework or gender-sensitive logical framework also allows measuring the changes related to gender equity and the empowerment of women by adopting appropriate indicators. These indicators can be quantitative or qualitative and based on data disaggregated by sex, thus allowing a separate measurement for men and women. In general, there are three (3) levels of indicators that should be considered in the proposals and that will allow measuring other levels of results: Impacts at the Fund level: the Green Climate Fund has identified eight (8) impact areas that contribute to achieving the paradigm shift objective. The proposal must identify to which of them the program or project contributes; Results of the program or project: a standard set of results and associated indicators to be defined in the design phase of the proposal is used. Some examples can be found in Annex 3 - Results and associated indicators sensitive to gender). Products of the program or project: there are no standard associated products and indicators to measure the expected achievements. The proposal may include those considered most appropriate, as long as they are gender sensitive. Step 7. Gender-sensitive implementation, monitoring and evaluation. The main objective for climate action with a gender approach is that men and women can benefit equally from the activities promoted, from the services provided and from the opportunities offered by the program or project. Participation must be fair in both decision-making and administration; therefore, aspects related to implementation, monitoring and evaluation also matter. As for the implementation, it must be guaranteed: The use of gender analysis and evaluation to establish a baseline for measuring progress and achievements; Sufficient resources in human and economic terms to ensure the realization of the activities identified in promotion of gender equity and women's empowerment; Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 25

26 An adequate evaluation of the possible impacts on men and women, based on the gender assessment and the action plan; The development of gender sensitive approaches so that men and women are not negatively affected by the activities of the program or project, can have equal access to resources, services, technologies, learning and other benefits. For example: o The search for women's groups and broader networks of women in outreach efforts; o Equitable representation of men and women in the program or project committees and in their administration, as well as in planning activities and meetings o That workloads do not increase unduly and that the participation of women and girls does not imply an increase in unpaid care and domestic work; o The inclusion of opportunities for men and women of learning and professional growth oriented to the development of skills that allow access to new technologies involved in the program and / or project; o The programming of activities according to the times of care for women, that is, when they have the care of their dependents, or otherwise offer services for that purpose; o Due consideration of social or legal restrictions that may limit or prohibit access for men and women to productive and financial resources, goods and credits; o Provision of provisions to promote women's mobility and safety; The formation of the different parties involved in gender issues and in a gender sensitive approach; The inclusion of people with experience in gender in the program or project and in the implementation team; The involvement of women's organizations and women's human rights defenders as counterparts and for advisory services. In terms of monitoring and evaluation, it must be guaranteed: Gender sensitive indicators, not only those focused on gender, but in all the results areas; Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 26

27 The use of existing indicators at the national level, when possible, as well as reference to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their indicators; The use of qualitative and quantitative methods for data collection in order to contribute to the triangulation of data and capture changes that are difficult to measure; The registration of qualitative lessons learned and best practices through narrative reporting; The use of gender-sensitive techniques for data collection, such as the use of separate focus groups; Carrying out interviews with participants, men and women separately and together, depending on the context; That the evaluation team be sensitive to gender and balanced in terms of the sex of the members, with adequate experience in gender and ensuring that both men and women will perform evaluation work; That gender be a cross-cutting theme in each of the evaluation topics, with questions related to gender integrated into the plans and other monitoring and evaluation documentation; That the key gender evaluation reports be made available, as well as other documentation that is useful for the monitoring and evaluation team; Capacity-building and technical assistance to partners on gendersensitive monitoring and evaluation, including building capacities of national statistical entities to generate disaggregated data and gender-specific data; The use of participatory methods to involve men and women and thus influence ownership and sustainability. To the extent possible, take advantage of the experience of civil society to promote this process; Inclusion in the design of the program or project of mechanisms for monitoring and reporting on gender issues; Documentation and dissemination of best practices and lessons learned for the entire program or project cycle; Progress reports, implementation status reports, attendance listings, management information system and final reports present results of gender equality and lessons learned respectfully. Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 27

28 Annex 1 Identification of vulnerabilities and capacities for change Capacity for change: roles of Vulnerability: Result of the FVC women in a sector, existing demographic structure area political and institutional and impacts frameworks Reduction of emissions from Role of women in the use and supply of energy for Proportion of women the home. and households Proportion of men and headed by women women in the labour Access and power without access to market of the sector energy generation energy. and types of occupation. Impacts that women Policy and institutional suffer due to lack of frameworks for the access to energy. promotion of gender equality in access and power generation. Role of women in the community/family with Proportion of women reference to transportation patterns among users of public Proportion of men and transport, proportion women in the labour of women without Low-emission access to this service. market of the sector transport transport and types of Impacts that men and occupation. women suffer due to Policy and institutional lack of or low quality of frameworks for the the transport. promotion of the gender equity in the transport sector. Proportion of women Role of women in buildings, among occupants of cities, industries with the building, users of reference to the patterns of Buildings, cities, public and community use of resources/energy industries and infrastructure, users of Proportion of women and appliances appliances men in the relevant labour Proportion of women market and type of in poverty related to occupation Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 28

29 energy/fuel Policy and institutional Impacts that frameworks for the women/men suffer promotion of the gender due to inefficient equity in buildings, cities, patterns of resource industries use in buildings, cities, industries and/or appliances (health, poverty) Role of women in the community/home with reference to the use of the Proportion of women forest land among users of the Proportion of women and forest and the Earth men in the labour market Forestry and land Impacts that men and related to forest/land and use women suffer due to types of occupation inefficient patterns of forest/land use Policy and institutional frameworks for the promotion of the gender equity in buildings, cities, industries Capacity for change: roles of Vulnerability: Result of the FVC women in a sector, existing demographic structure area political and institutional and impacts frameworks Adaptation to climate change Roles of women in the communities of intervention Proportion and Proportion of men and Population and number of women women in the relevant vulnerable among the vulnerable labour market and types of communities communities and occupation groups Policies and institutional frameworks to address vulnerabilities Roles of women in the Proportion and communities of intervention number of women Low-emission with a greater women in the relevant transport exposure to water or labour market and types of food insecurity and occupation health dangers Policies and institutional Proportion of men and frameworks to address Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 29

30 Buildings, cities, industries and appliances Forestry and land use vulnerabilities Roles of women in the Proportion and design and maintenance of number of women infrastructure and the built with lack of access to environment adequate Proportion of men and infrastructure (of women in the relevant water supply, labour market and types of sanitation, flood occupation protection, provision Policies and institutional of housing, access to frameworks the promotion energy...) of equal access to adequate infrastructure Roles of women in the community/home with reference to the use of natural resources Proportion of men and Proportion and women in the labour number of women who market related to depend on the agriculture/natural ecosystem and its resources and types of services for livelihood occupation. Policy and institutional frameworks for the promotion of gender equity in access to services eco systemic Annex 2 - questions for gender analysis What is the context? Which demographic data disaggregated by sex are available, including the related income and the percentage of households headed by women? What are the main resources and incomes for men and women? What are the needs and specific priorities to be considered for the sector which focuses on the proposal? Are they different for men and women? What the specific risks of climate change-related impacts are facing men and women? What is the legal status of women? What are the beliefs, values and gender stereotypes? Who has what? What is the level of income and wages of men and women? Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 30

31 What are the levels of education of boys and girls? What is the situation of land tenure and use of resources? Who has contr ol over the access to land or possess it? Women have rights to work the land and other productive resources and other goods? Which ones? What are the major family expenses? Do men and women have bank accounts? Have they received loans? Do men and women have mobile phones, access to radio, newspapers and television? Do men and women have access to extension services, training programmes, etc.? Who makes what? What is the division of labor between men and women, young and older adults, including the specific sector of intervention? How men and women participate in the formal and informal economy? Who manages the household and is responsible for the care of children and the elderly? How long is it used in household chores and care? What crops are worked by men and women? Who decides? Who controls/manage/take decisions on the use of resources for home, on the goods and finances? Do women share decision making at home? How men and women engage in community decision-making? And in the wider political sphere? Men or women are members of cooperatives or other types of economic, political or social organization? Who benefits? The services and products that will be provided by the proposed intervention will be accessible and benefit men and women? Will the proposed interventions increase incomes of men and women? Will the proposed interventions cause an increase or reduction of the workload of men and women? There are facilities to support the productive and reproductive work carried out by women, including unpaid domestic and care work? Guide to mainstream gender issues in programs and projects that can be financed by the Green Climate Fund in 31

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