Summary of Results. Afrobarometer Round 6 Survey in São Tomé e Principe, 2015 Compiled by: AFROSONDAGEM

Transcription

1 Summary of Results Afrobarometer Round 6 Survey in São Tomé e Principe, 2015 Compiled by: AFROSONDAGEM A F R O S O N D A G E M Estudos de Mercado, Inquéritos de Opinião e Consultoria Económica

2 Afrobarometer Round 6 Summary of Results for São Tomé e Principe, 2015 Afrobarometer is an African-led, non-partisan research network that conducts public attitude surveys on democracy, governance, economic conditions, and related issues in more than 30 countries in Africa. Five rounds of surveys were conducted between 1999 and 2013, and Round 6 surveys are being carried out in Afrobarometer conducts face-to-face interviews in the language of the respondent s choice with nationally representative samples of between 1,200 and 2,400 respondents. Afrobarometer is produced collaboratively by social scientists from across Africa. Coordination is provided by the Center for Democratic Development (CDD) in Ghana, the Institute for Justice and Reconciliation (IJR) in South Africa, the Institute for Development Studies (IDS) at the University of Nairobi in Kenya, and the Institute for Empirical Research in Political Economy (IREEP) in Benin. Michigan State University (MSU) and the University of Cape Town (UCT) provide technical support to the network. The Afrobarometer National Partner in São Tomé and Principe, Afrosondagem, interviewed a nationally representative, random, stratified probability sample of 1,200 adult Capverdeans between July 17 to August 10, A sample of this size yields results with a margin of error of [+/-3%] at a 95% confidence level. Afrosondagem provided technical backstopping for the survey. Technical details of the survey, including descriptions of stratification and household selection, translation languages, and related information, can be found in the survey Technical Information Form that follows. Below is an outline of the survey findings from all the questions posed to respondents. We also present the findings by some critical demographics such as gender and place of residence (urban-rural). Core support for Afrobarometer Rounds 5 and 6 has been provided by the UK s Department for International Development (DFID), the Mo Ibrahim Foundation, the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and the World Bank. Contact Information: For more information, please visit or contact: José Antonio Vaz Semedo Director Afrosondagem jasemedo@afrosondagem.cv tel: tel: Deolinda dos Reis Statistical senior Afrosondagem Dreis@afrosondagem.cv tel: tel:

3 Survey Overview The Quality of Democracy and Governance in SÃO TOMÉ E PRINCIPE Afrobarometer Round 6, Appendix 12: Sample Survey Technical Information Form Survey Overview The Quality of Democracy and Governance in CABO VERDE Afrobarometer Round 6, 2014 Dates of Fieldwork: July 17 to August 10, 2015 Sample size: 1200 Sampling frame: Census National Institute of Statistics São Tomé e Principe (INE) Sample universe: Citizens age 18 years or older, excluding institutions Sample design: Nationally representative, random, clustered, stratified, multistage area probability sample Stratification: Region and urban-rural location Stages: PSUs (from strata), start points, households, respondents PSU selection: Probability proportionate to population size (PPPS) Cluster size: 8 households per PSU Household selection: PSUs (from strata), start points, households, respondents 3

4 Respondent selection: Gender quota filled by alternating interviews between men and women; respondents of appropriate gender listed, after which household member draws a numbered card to select individual. Weighting: Weighted to account for individual selection probabilities Margin of error: +/- 3% with 95% confidence level Fieldwork by: AFROSONDAGEM Survey Languages: Creole, Foro, Angular and Portuguese (official translations) Main researchers: Deolinda Reis, José Semedo and Francisco Rodrigues Outcome rates: Contact rate: 0.99 Cooperation rate: 0.94 Refusal rate: 0.06 Response rate: 0.94 EA Substitution Rate: 0.0% Notes: None 4

5 Note: All figures in the following tables are percentages, rounded to whole numbers. Due to rounding, columns may not add up to exactly 100%. Cells that are blank or contain "0" or "-" indicate less than 0.5% of all responses. For questions 1 through 100, weighted frequency distributions are reported. Demographic Distribution of the Sample Gender Location Region Education Religion Unweighted Weighted Male Female Urban Rural SAO TOME PRINCIPE 4 4 No formal education 3 3 Primary Secondary Post-secondary Roman Catholic Evangelical 9 9 None 8 8 Seventh Day Adventist 5 5 Other 4 4 Jehovah's Witness 2 2 Christian only 2 2 Pentecostal 2 2 Refused 1 1 Muslim only 1 1 Total 5

6 Age ,6 30,8 30,2 29,8 30, ,7 27,6 26,9 28,3 27, ,4 17,7 18,3 18,0 18, ,3 16,9 11,8 14,5 13, ,4 3,4 6,4 5,7 6,1 Over 65 4,7 3,2 5,3 3,2 4,2 Don't know,9,5 1,1,5,8 Q2. Language of respondent Portuguese 92,8 85,2 89,4 91,3 90,3 Creolo 1,9 12,1 5,5 5,0 5,3 Forro 2,8 2,1 2,6 2,6 2,6 Angolar 2,5,5 2,5 1,1 1,8 Don't know,0,1,0 Q3. Overall direction of the country Missing,6,5,5,5,5 Going in the wrong direction 32,3 29,1 30,5 32,0 31,2 Going in the right direction 56,4 61,6 58,3 57,9 58,1 Don't know 10,8 8,8 10,7 9,6 10,1 Q4a. Country's present economic condition Missing,3,8,5,4,4 Very bad 7,0 5,4 7,0 5,9 6,5 Fairly bad 30,9 22,5 30,6 25,7 28,2 Neither good nor bad 42,9 51,1 41,2 50,0 45,6 Fairly Good 15,4 16,4 17,0 14,4 15,7 Very good,5 1,7 1,5,3,9 Don't know 3,0 2,1 2,2 3,2 2,7 Total 6

7 Q4b. Your present living conditions Very bad 5,9 4,6 5,4 5,6 5,5 Fairly bad 21,6 22,4 23,2 20,5 21,9 Neither good nor bad 54,5 51,7 52,0 55,1 53,5 Fairly Good 16,9 19,0 17,2 18,0 17,6 Very good,0 1,4,8,1,5 Don't know 1,0 1,0 1,3,7 1,0 Q5. Your living conditions vs. others Missing,1,2,1,2,2 Much worse 1,3 2,9 1,8 1,8 1,8 Worse 18,1 17,3 17,1 18,6 17,8 Same 42,4 44,4 43,5 42,6 43,0 Better 19,3 24,6 22,0 20,2 21,1 Much better,7,5,5,8,7 Don't know 18,1 10,0 15,0 15,8 15,4 Q6. Country's economic condition compared to 12 months ago Missing,3,9,8,2,5 Much worse 2,0 2,5 2,3 2,1 2,2 Worse 16,2 15,5 16,4 15,6 16,0 Same 46,7 33,5 41,4 43,3 42,3 Better 30,3 41,7 33,5 34,7 34,1 Much Better 2,0 4,1 3,7 1,7 2,7 Don't know 2,3 1,8 2,0 2,4 2,2 Q7. Country's economic condition in 12 months time Missing,3,3,1,2 Much worse,3 1,0,6,5,5 Worse 4,2 7,0 4,6 5,6 5,1 Same 11,0 6,7 9,2 9,9 9,6 Better 52,9 54,0 52,9 53,6 53,3 Much Better 17,8 21,8 20,1 18,2 19,1 Don't know 13,5 9,5 12,3 12,0 12,2 Total 7

8 Q8a. How often gone without food Missing,2,1,1,3,2 Never 58,2 62,4 57,9 61,3 59,6 Just once or twice 20,9 18,2 20,8 19,2 20,0 Several times 14,9 10,8 14,1 13,0 13,5 Many times 3,4 3,5 3,2 3,6 3,4 Always 2,0 4,5 3,2 2,4 2,8 Don't Know,5,4,7,2,4 Q8b. How often gone without water Missing,2,1,1,3,2 Never 74,7 60,9 71,1 69,1 70,1 Just once or twice 7,7 10,8 8,7 8,7 8,7 Several times 6,5 8,9 7,0 7,5 7,3 Many times 3,3 6,5 3,7 4,9 4,3 Always 7,5 12,8 9,1 9,3 9,2 Don't Know,2,2,1,1 Q8c. How often gone without medical care Missing,3,4,1,6,3 Never 62,5 66,4 64,8 62,7 63,8 Just once or twice 18,8 17,7 17,6 19,3 18,4 Several times 10,9 9,1 9,9 10,8 10,3 Many times 4,5 2,9 3,8 4,1 4,0 Always 2,0 2,2 2,2 1,9 2,1 Don't Know 1,0 1,3 1,5,7 1,1 Q8d. How often gone without cooking fuel Missing,6,6,5,7,6 Never 68,5 75,5 70,5 71,1 70,8 Just once or twice 15,4 8,7 12,7 13,6 13,2 Several times 9,2 7,4 9,7 7,5 8,6 Many times 2,9 4,9 3,6 3,5 3,6 Always 2,8 2,5 2,6 2,9 2,7 Don't Know,6,4,4,7,5 8

9 Q8e. How often gone without cash income Missing,4,1,1,6,3 Never 21,6 19,3 20,1 21,6 20,8 Just once or twice 18,4 25,2 20,0 21,3 20,7 Several times 32,4 28,4 31,4 30,8 31,1 Many times 15,7 11,9 14,8 14,1 14,5 Always 11,2 14,0 13,2 11,1 12,1 Don't Know,2 1,0,5,5,5 Q8f. Frequency going without basic necessities Missing 1,1,5,4 1,4,9 About once every two or three months 1,7 2,7 1,5 2,5 2,0 About once a month 7,8 4,1 6,4 6,9 6,6 Two or three times a month 11,6 15,6 12,4 13,5 13,0 About once a week 14,9 14,7 17,0 12,6 14,8 Several times a week 14,9 16,0 15,7 14,9 15,3 Every day 4,9 5,0 5,9 3,9 4,9 Not Applicable 32,3 33,0 32,1 32,9 32,5 Don't know 10,7 8,4 8,6 11,4 10,0 Q9. How often received remittances Missing,6,6,6,6,6 Never 75,0 68,8 73,3 72,6 72,9 Less than once a year 2,3 1,6 1,7 2,4 2,1 At least once a year 3,8 8,8 6,4 4,6 5,5 At least every 6 months 2,6 5,5 4,5 2,6 3,5 At least every 3 months 6,2 8,7 5,0 9,1 7,0 At least once a month 9,5 6,1 8,5 8,2 8,3 Total 9

10 Q10a. How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood Missing,2,1,1,3,2 Never 81,2 84,7 81,3 83,4 82,4 Just once or twice 7,3 8,9 7,6 7,9 7,8 Several times 7,6 3,8 7,1 5,6 6,3 Many times 2,5 1,3 2,9 1,3 2,1 Always 1,3,8 1,0 1,3 1,1 Don't Know,2,2,1 Q10b. How often feared crime in home Missing,2,1,1,3,2 Never 90,4 88,1 90,0 89,2 89,6 Just once or twice 4,6 7,6 5,1 6,0 5,6 Several times 3,3 2,4 2,8 3,2 3,0 Many times 1,1,8 1,4,6 1,0 Always,4 1,0,5,7,6 Q11a. Had something stolen from house Missing,2,1,1,3,2 No 78,0 80,7 77,9 79,9 78,9 Yes, once 9,6 8,6 9,7 8,9 9,3 Yes, twice 7,7 6,3 7,9 6,5 7,2 Yes, three or more times 4,5 4,3 4,4 4,4 4,4 Q11b. Have been physically attacked Missing,2,1,1,3,2 No 95,3 94,3 95,1 94,8 95,0 Yes, once 2,6 3,2 2,8 2,8 2,8 Yes, twice,9 1,6 1,2 1,0 1,1 Yes, three or more times 1,0,5,7,9,8 Don't Know,3,2,1 Total 10

11 Q12a. Radio news Missing,2,3,2 Never 11,6 14,0 13,8 11,0 12,4 Less than once a month 2,5,9 2,0 2,0 2,0 A few times a month 3,6 4,5 2,6 5,1 3,9 A few times a week 25,8 26,7 27,4 24,9 26,1 Every day 56,2 54,0 54,2 56,8 55,5 Q12b. Television news Missing,3,4,2 Never 9,4 12,4 11,1 9,7 10,4 Less than once a month 1,3 1,1 1,0 1,4 1,2 A few times a month 2,9 3,1 2,5 3,5 3,0 A few times a week 16,1 17,3 16,3 16,8 16,5 Every day 69,9 65,9 69,0 68,1 68,6 Don't know,0,2,1,1,1 Q12c. Newspaper news Never 63,9 71,1 66,9 65,6 66,2 Less than once a month 3,7 2,8 3,5 3,3 3,4 A few times a month 8,6 4,5 7,5 7,0 7,2 A few times a week 14,2 9,9 12,2 13,4 12,8 Every day 8,5 10,6 9,1 9,3 9,2 Don't know 1,1 1,2,8 1,4 1,1 Q12d. Internet Missing,4,2,7,4 Never 56,0 61,7 57,8 57,9 57,9 Less than once a month 1,7 3,7 2,9 1,8 2,3 A few times a month 5,1 4,0 4,8 4,7 4,8 A few times a week 16,5 16,9 16,6 16,6 16,6 Every day 19,7 13,3 17,5 17,7 17,6 Don't know,6,2,4,5,5 Total 11

12 Q12e. Social media Missing,5,5,5,5,5 Never 56,6 62,7 57,4 59,9 58,6 Less than once a month 2,1 3,6 3,2 2,0 2,6 A few times a month 4,8 3,9 4,4 4,6 4,5 A few times a week 15,4 15,5 15,8 15,0 15,4 Every day 20,0 13,5 18,2 17,5 17,9 Don't know,6,2,4,5,5 Q13. Interest in public affairs Missing,4,6,1,8,5 Not at all interested 32,6 29,9 32,8 30,7 31,7 Not very interested 15,8 11,3 13,3 15,3 14,3 Somewhat interested 23,6 26,1 23,4 25,4 24,4 Very interested 26,2 29,5 28,2 26,4 27,3 Don't know 1,3 2,6 2,1 1,3 1,7 Q14. Discuss politics Missing,2,5,3,4,3 Never 32,3 28,4 32,0 30,1 31,1 Occasionally 47,4 46,3 45,7 48,3 47,0 Frequently 18,9 24,1 21,2 20,0 20,6 Don't know 1,2,7,7 1,2 1,0 Q15a. Freedom to say what you think Missing,3,2,1,4,3 Not at all free 2,8 4,4 3,1 3,5 3,3 Not very free 15,7 17,1 14,8 17,4 16,1 Somewhat free 16,1 16,2 15,8 16,5 16,2 Completely free 61,8 56,9 61,4 59,0 60,2 Don't know 3,3 5,2 4,8 3,2 4,0 Total 12

13 Q15b. Freedom to join any political organizations Missing,6,3,3,7,5 Not at all free 4,7 4,8 4,6 4,8 4,7 Not very free 12,6 14,1 11,8 14,5 13,1 Somewhat free 12,3 16,4 13,4 14,0 13,7 Completely free 62,6 57,1 63,6 58,0 60,8 Don't know 7,2 7,3 6,4 8,1 7,2 Q15c. Freedom to choose who to vote for Missing,6,2,6,3,4 Not at all free 1,5 1,8 1,7 1,5 1,6 Not very free 5,2 6,2 5,6 5,4 5,5 Somewhat free 8,8 9,1 9,6 8,1 8,9 Completely free 80,9 77,0 78,9 80,3 79,6 Don't know 3,1 5,7 3,5 4,4 3,9 Q16. Government bans organizations vs. join any Missing,4,7,7,3,5 Agree very strongly with 1 5,1 4,1 4,6 5,0 4,8 Agree with 1 12,9 20,2 15,2 15,5 15,3 Agree with 2 36,1 38,8 37,0 37,0 37,0 Agree very strongly with 2 18,2 14,5 16,7 17,3 17,0 Agree with neither 13,1 12,4 13,2 12,4 12,8 Don't know 14,2 9,2 12,6 12,5 12,5 Q17. Newspapers free to publish vs. government control Missing,1,2,2,1,2 Agree very strongly with 1 30,3 23,3 27,8 28,2 28,0 Agree with 1 33,7 38,6 35,9 34,6 35,3 Agree with 2 14,7 15,9 15,6 14,6 15,1 Agree very strongly with 2 6,4 8,5 6,5 7,6 7,1 Agree with neither 3,3 3,8 3,3 3,6 3,4 Don't know 11,6 9,6 10,7 11,2 10,9 Total 13

14 Q18. Men only as leaders vs. women leaders ok Missing,3,1,3,2 Agree very strongly with 1 11,0 10,6 11,6 10,1 10,8 Agree with 1 14,1 17,2 15,5 14,8 15,1 Agree with 2 34,0 23,3 29,9 31,0 30,5 Agree very strongly with 2 32,9 40,6 35,7 35,3 35,5 Agree with neither 5,0 3,5 4,0 5,0 4,5 Don't know 2,8 4,8 3,3 3,6 3,5 Q19a. Member of religious group Missing,5,4,3,3 Not a Member 40,3 32,9 38,6 37,1 37,8 Inactive Member 25,3 25,2 25,9 24,6 25,3 Active Member 31,6 37,8 31,6 35,7 33,7 Official Leader 2,1 3,4 2,8 2,2 2,5 Don't Know,2,7,6,1,4 Q19b. Member of voluntary association or community group Missing,4,7,4,6,5 Not a Member 79,1 61,2 74,4 72,0 73,2 Inactive Member 4,7 7,3 5,3 5,8 5,5 Active Member 13,7 23,7 16,8 17,1 17,0 Official Leader 1,5 5,5 1,6 4,0 2,8 Don't Know,6 1,6 1,5,4,9 Q20a. Attend a community meeting Missing,9,9,5 1,2,9 No, would never do this 12,3 11,0 12,3 11,4 11,8 No, but would do if had the chance 50,6 34,7 44,7 46,0 45,4 Yes, once or twice 14,9 17,8 15,8 15,9 15,9 Yes, several times 15,1 20,2 17,2 16,3 16,7 Yes, often 5,1 14,2 7,9 8,4 8,1 Don't know 1,1 1,3 1,7,7 1,2 Total 14

15 Q20b. Join others to raise an issue Missing,8 1,2,5 1,4 1,0 No, would never do this 12,4 11,7 13,0 11,4 12,2 No, but would do if had the chance 53,0 39,9 48,9 48,4 48,7 Yes, once or twice 13,6 17,2 15,0 14,5 14,8 Yes, several times 14,1 19,0 14,3 17,1 15,7 Yes, often 4,5 9,6 6,4 6,0 6,2 Don't know 1,6 1,5 1,9 1,2 1,5 Q21. Voting in the most recent national election Missing,6,5,3,4 You were not registered to vote 2,6 4,3 3,2 3,1 3,2 You voted in the elections 78,8 76,1 76,2 79,7 77,9 You decided not to vote 4,9 5,7 5,9 4,5 5,2 You could not find the polling station,5,5,5,6,5 You were prevented from voting,7,5,7,6,6 You did not have time to vote,9,8 1,0,7,9 You did not vote because your name not in the register,6,4,3,8,5 Did not vote for some other reason 5,0 6,1 6,5 4,2 5,3 You were too young to vote 3,5 3,6 3,4 3,6 3,5 Don't Know / Can't remember 1,8 2,1 1,8 1,9 1,9 Total 15

16 Q22. Freeness and fairness of the last national election Missing,4,3,2,3 Not free and fair 3,1 4,3 5,0 2,0 3,5 Free and fair, with major problems 7,8 6,1 6,1 8,4 7,2 Free and fair, but with minor problems 18,1 19,5 18,2 19,0 18,6 Completely free and fair 63,5 65,4 64,1 64,2 64,2 Do not understand the question,2,1,2,1 Don't know 6,8 4,7 6,2 6,1 6,1 Q23a. Last national election: attend a campaign rally Missing,2,2,1,2,2 No 42,6 37,5 41,8 40,0 40,9 Yes 56,5 62,4 57,6 59,2 58,4 Don't know,8,4,6,5 Q23b. Last national election: attend a campaign meeting Missing,3,2,2,2,2 No 41,3 33,5 38,8 38,7 38,7 Yes 57,8 65,9 60,4 60,6 60,5 Don't know,6,4,6,5,5 Q23c. Last national election: persuade others to vote for a certain candidate or party Missing,3,3,3,3,3 No 52,6 43,6 48,8 50,5 49,6 Yes 46,2 55,4 50,1 48,3 49,2 Don't know,9,7,7,9,8 Total 16

17 Q23d. Last national election: work for a candidate or party Missing,4,7,7,3,5 No 71,9 63,1 67,0 70,9 69,0 Yes 27,1 34,6 31,1 28,0 29,6 Don't know,6 1,6 1,2,7 1,0 Q24a. Contact local government councillor Missing,5,5,2,4 Never 77,5 70,9 75,4 75,2 75,3 Only once 7,7 8,0 8,1 7,5 7,8 A few times 7,3 11,0 8,1 8,9 8,5 Often 6,0 9,6 6,7 7,7 7,2 Don't know 1,0,4 1,1,5,8 Q24b. Contact MP Missing,2,1,2,1 Never 85,4 78,2 82,1 84,0 83,0 Only once 3,2 6,3 4,5 4,0 4,3 A few times 5,6 7,6 6,0 6,5 6,3 Often 4,4 7,4 6,0 4,8 5,4 Don't know 1,1,5 1,4,5,9 Q24c. Contact official of a government agency Missing,1,1,1,1 Never 90,0 83,7 85,8 89,9 87,9 Only once 2,6 3,5 3,2 2,6 2,9 A few times 3,0 8,0 5,4 3,9 4,6 Often 3,2 4,3 4,3 2,8 3,6 Don't know 1,1,5 1,2,6,9 Total 17

18 Q24d. Contact political party official Missing,1,1,0 Never 73,8 65,0 68,9 72,9 70,9 Only once 6,4 10,5 8,3 7,3 7,8 A few times 11,6 13,9 13,5 11,2 12,4 Often 7,1 10,5 8,1 8,2 8,2 Don't know 1,0,2 1,1,3,7 Q24f. Contact religious leader Missing,1,1,0 Never 64,4 56,4 60,5 62,9 61,7 Only once 4,4 6,4 5,7 4,4 5,1 A few times 12,6 14,7 12,8 13,7 13,3 Often 17,7 22,0 19,7 18,5 19,1 Don't know,9,5 1,1,4,8 Q25a. Contact alone or in group Missing 1,5 3,0 2,1 2,0 2,0 Alone 25,1 25,3 24,6 25,6 25,1 With a group 23,6 32,6 27,3 25,9 26,6 Not Applicable 49,7 39,1 46,1 46,4 46,2 Don't know,1,1,1 Q25b. Contact for community or personal problem Missing 1,7 3,4 2,3 2,2 2,3 Community problem 24,3 35,0 29,7 26,0 27,8 Personal problem 23,6 21,9 21,3 24,9 23,1 Not Applicable 49,7 39,1 46,1 46,4 46,2 Don't know,6,6,7,5,6 Total 18

19 Q26a. Citizens vote Missing,2,3,5,3 Never do 1,0 1,5 1,3 1,0 1,2 Do only if they choose 2,4 4,5 2,6 3,6 3,1 Always do 94,9 92,2 93,9 94,1 94,0 Don't know 1,5 1,4 1,6 1,3 1,5 Q26b. Citizens avoid criticizing government Missing,2 1,4,7,4,6 Never do 28,9 23,3 26,7 27,4 27,1 Do only if they choose 12,1 14,6 13,4 12,5 12,9 Always do 54,6 54,0 53,7 55,1 54,4 Don't know 4,2 6,8 5,5 4,6 5,0 Q26c. Citizens complain for poor services Missing,6,4,4,4 Never do 7,4 11,0 7,1 10,1 8,6 Do only if they choose 13,0 12,7 11,8 14,0 12,9 Always do 70,7 67,9 72,0 67,6 69,8 Don't know 8,3 8,4 8,7 7,9 8,3 Q26d. Citizens request personal assistance from elected leaders Missing,3,4,3,4,3 Never do 15,7 18,7 14,7 18,6 16,6 Do only if they choose 31,1 29,4 30,0 31,1 30,5 Always do 45,5 42,9 45,9 43,4 44,7 Don't know 7,4 8,7 9,1 6,6 7,8 Total 19

20 Q26e. Citizens pay taxes Missing,5,5,6,5,5 Never do 4,3 7,6 5,5 5,3 5,4 Do only if they choose 3,9 5,1 4,4 4,2 4,3 Always do 86,7 80,4 83,1 86,1 84,6 Don't know 4,7 6,4 6,5 4,0 5,2 Q26f. Citizens agree with community on political issues Missing,3,2,2,2 Never do 39,9 37,4 41,1 37,0 39,0 Do only if they choose 26,7 28,7 27,3 27,4 27,3 Always do 20,3 24,6 19,8 23,6 21,7 Don't know 12,8 9,3 11,6 11,8 11,7 Q27a. Join others to request government action Missing,3,5,2,5,4 No, would never do this 13,3 12,9 12,6 13,8 13,2 No, but would do if had the chance 59,2 42,8 52,7 54,9 53,8 Yes, once or twice 12,4 17,2 14,7 13,3 14,0 Yes, several times 7,7 14,3 11,1 8,7 9,9 Yes, often 2,9 5,3 3,1 4,3 3,7 Don't know 4,2 7,0 5,6 4,6 5,1 Q27b. Contact media Missing,6,5,2,9,5 No, would never do this 17,2 18,5 16,5 18,8 17,6 No, but would do if had the chance 61,9 48,7 61,0 54,1 57,5 Yes, once or twice 7,0 12,6 7,6 10,0 8,8 Yes, several times 4,7 8,3 6,0 5,7 5,9 Yes, often 3,3 5,3 3,2 4,7 3,9 Don't know 5,4 6,2 5,5 5,8 5,6 Total 20

21 Q27c. Contact official for help Missing,8,7,8,7,8 No, would never do this 17,1 16,3 17,1 16,7 16,9 No, but would do if had the chance 60,0 43,6 53,8 55,3 54,6 Yes, once or twice 8,5 14,0 9,7 10,9 10,3 Yes, several times 5,9 11,8 8,6 7,1 7,8 Yes, often 2,8 6,4 4,0 3,9 4,0 Don't know 4,9 7,1 5,9 5,4 5,7 Q27d. Refuse to pay tax or fee to government Missing,6,9,5,9,7 No, would never do this 51,5 50,4 51,2 51,0 51,1 No, but would do if had the chance 31,1 26,0 29,6 29,3 29,4 Yes, once or twice 2,1 4,5 1,9 3,9 2,9 Yes, several times 2,4 4,5 3,1 3,0 3,1 Yes, often 4,3 4,1 4,6 3,8 4,2 Don't know 8,1 9,6 9,0 8,1 8,6 Q27e. Attend a demonstration or protest march Missing,3,3,1,5,3 No, would never do this 30,4 27,2 28,3 30,3 29,3 No, but would do if had the chance 48,8 43,5 48,1 46,0 47,1 Yes, once or twice 7,0 11,9 9,6 7,6 8,6 Yes, several times 5,1 7,3 5,2 6,5 5,8 Yes, often,8 3,0 1,5 1,5 1,5 Don't know 7,6 6,9 7,2 7,6 7,4 Total 21

22 Q28a. Reject one-party rule Missing,5,6,3 Strongly Disapprove 30,3 33,7 32,6 30,3 31,5 Disapprove 46,7 40,7 45,9 43,6 44,7 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 3,2 3,6 3,1 3,7 3,4 Approve 12,4 16,0 13,1 14,0 13,6 Strongly Approve 1,8,9 1,2 1,7 1,5 Don't know 5,1 5,0 4,2 5,9 5,0 Q28b. Reject military rule Missing,8 1,2,6 1,2,9 Strongly Disapprove 29,2 34,3 31,0 30,7 30,8 Disapprove 50,3 44,6 48,7 48,1 48,4 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 3,4 3,5 2,8 4,0 3,4 Approve 10,5 8,3 9,7 9,8 9,8 Strongly Approve,8 1,6 1,7,5 1,1 Don't know 5,0 6,6 5,4 5,7 5,5 Q28c. Reject one-man rule Missing,5,6,3 Strongly Disapprove 23,5 27,1 25,3 24,1 24,7 Disapprove 44,8 39,3 42,5 43,4 43,0 Neither Approve Nor Disapprove 6,5 6,4 6,7 6,3 6,5 Approve 11,6 15,7 13,0 12,9 13,0 Strongly Approve 1,2 1,1 1,7,6 1,2 Don't know 11,9 10,4 10,8 12,0 11,4 Q29a. Understand democracy Missing 3,0 2,6 3,2 2,4 2,8 Understood democracy 70,6 70,1 69,7 71,2 70,4 Required local language translation 2,9 4,1 3,1 3,6 3,3 Did not understand the word or question 23,5 23,1 23,9 22,8 23,4 22

23 Q29e. Democracy - 1st response (code) Missing,3 1,2,4,8,6 Nothing/Democracy has no meaning,2,3,1 Civil liberties / personal freedoms 54,1 42,9 50,8 50,0 50,4 Government by, for, of the people / popular rule 1,1 2,4,5 2,5 1,5 Voting / elections / multiparty competition 4,3 3,5 3,1 5,0 4,0 Peace / unity / power sharing 4,8 7,7 6,8 4,7 5,7 Social / economic development,0 2,8,6 1,3 1,0 Equality / justice 2,6 4,7 3,5 3,1 3,3 Majority rule 2,2 3,1 2,1 2,9 2,5 Governance / effectiveness / accountability / rule of law 1,6,9 1,2 1,6 1,4 National independence / people's self determination 1,1,9 1,3,8 1,0 Mutual respect 1,5 2,4 1,7 1,9 1,8 Working together 1,2,9 1,3 1,0 1,1 Other positive meanings 1,2,3,5,4 Conflict / confusion,3,3,1,2 Corruption / abuse of power,1,5,5,3 Other negative meanings,3,2,5,3 Civilian politics / government,3,9,4,6,5 Other null/neutral meanings,5,4,5,5,5 Don't know / Did not understand the question 23,5 23,1 23,9 22,8 23,4 Total 23

24 Q29f. Democracy - 2nd response (code) Missing,3 1,2,4,8,6 Civil liberties / personal freedoms 6,6 7,1 6,9 6,6 6,8 Government by, for, of the people / popular rule 1,9 1,7 1,9 1,7 1,8 Voting / elections / multiparty competition 5,3 4,4 4,5 5,4 5,0 Peace / unity / power sharing 7,6 8,3 7,4 8,2 7,8 Social / economic development 4,6 2,3 2,7 4,9 3,8 Equality / justice 10,1 12,6 11,4 10,4 10,9 Majority rule 2,8 4,1 3,3 3,2 3,3 Governance / effectiveness / accountability / rule of law 3,9 4,1 4,8 3,1 4,0 National independence / people's self determination 2,3 2,4 1,6 3,1 2,4 Mutual respect 5,5 5,9 5,4 5,9 5,7 Working together 1,1 1,4 1,3 1,0 1,2 Conflict / confusion,4,9,4,7,6 Corruption / abuse of power,5,2,6,3,4 Civilian politics / government,4,3,1 Change of government / leadership / laws,3,5,2,6,4 No further reply 46,8 42,4 46,8 43,9 45,4 Total 24

25 Q29g. Democracy - 3rd response (code) Missing,3 1,2,4,8,6 Civil liberties / personal freedoms 2,8 3,8 2,0 4,2 3,1 Government by, for, of the people / popular rule,6,7,4,9,6 Voting / elections / multiparty competition 1,5,6 1,0 1,4 1,2 Peace / unity / power sharing 1,8 1,8 1,1 2,6 1,8 Social / economic development 1,5 3,4 2,3 2,0 2,1 Equality / justice 6,7 7,0 6,6 6,9 6,8 Majority rule 1,4 3,7 1,9 2,4 2,1 Governance / effectiveness / accountability / rule of law 3,7 6,0 4,4 4,6 4,5 National independence / people's self determination 2,5,6 1,1 2,6 1,9 Mutual respect 5,3 5,3 5,3 5,3 5,3 Working together 4,0 3,0 4,1 3,2 3,7 Other positive meanings,2,1,2,2 Conflict / confusion,5,6,3 Corruption / abuse of power,7 1,5 1,1,9 1,0 Social / economic hardship,3,9,5,5,5 Other negative meanings,1,2,1 Civilian politics / government,2,1,1 Change of government / leadership / laws,3,9,4,6,5 No further reply 65,7 59,5 67,1 60,2 63,7 Total 25

26 Q30. Support for democracy Missing,7,4,5,5 STATEMENT 3: Doesn't matter 14,7 18,7 16,9 15,1 16,0 STATEMENT 2: Sometimes nondemocratic preferable 15,0 15,6 13,1 17,3 15,2 STATEMENT 1: Democracy preferable 52,1 47,2 50,8 50,2 50,5 Don't know 17,4 18,5 18,7 16,9 17,8 Q31. Government gets things done but no citizen influence vs. Govt. accountable to citizens Missing,5,2,2,6,4 Agree very strongly with 1 7,7 4,3 7,9 5,2 6,5 Agree with 1 15,8 29,6 21,2 19,5 20,3 Agree with 2 38,3 29,5 34,4 36,4 35,4 Agree very strongly with 2 19,3 18,8 18,4 19,8 19,1 Agree with neither 5,4 6,8 5,1 6,7 5,9 Don't know 13,0 10,9 12,8 11,9 12,3 Q32. Choose leaders through elections vs. other methods Missing,4,3,4,3,4 Agree very strongly with 1 40,1 38,1 39,6 39,3 39,4 Agree with 1 34,8 33,0 33,1 35,4 34,2 Agree with 2 13,5 14,0 13,3 14,1 13,7 Agree very strongly with 2 3,0 5,1 4,5 2,8 3,7 Agree with neither 2,0 2,0 1,4 2,5 2,0 Don't know 6,2 7,5 7,7 5,6 6,7 Total 26

27 Q33. Political parties divisive vs. many parties needed Missing,4,3,3,3 Agree very strongly with 1 15,3 13,2 12,8 16,3 14,6 Agree with 1 14,9 17,4 16,6 14,8 15,7 Agree with 2 35,6 34,2 36,0 34,2 35,1 Agree very strongly with 2 19,6 23,8 21,0 21,0 21,0 Agree with neither 3,8 2,0 3,0 3,5 3,2 Don't know 10,4 9,4 10,2 9,9 10,1 Q34. President monitored by parliament vs. free to act on own Missing,2,5,2,4,3 Agree very strongly with 1 26,8 20,8 24,6 25,1 24,8 Agree with 1 25,8 28,0 27,2 25,9 26,5 Agree with 2 20,0 19,5 20,9 18,8 19,8 Agree very strongly with 2 10,5 11,7 9,2 12,6 10,9 Agree with neither 4,6 6,6 4,4 6,1 5,3 Don't know 12,0 12,9 13,6 11,0 12,3 Q35. Opposition parties examine government vs. cooperate Missing,4,5,6,2,4 Agree very strongly with 1 6,8 8,1 7,6 6,8 7,2 Agree with 1 10,7 14,2 14,7 9,0 11,8 Agree with 2 33,4 27,1 29,3 33,3 31,3 Agree very strongly with 2 41,5 41,1 40,7 42,0 41,4 Agree with neither 1,3 1,4 1,2 1,5 1,4 Don't know 6,0 7,5 5,8 7,2 6,5 Q36. Media checks government vs. avoid negative reporting Missing,4,4,4,4,4 Agree very strongly with 1 30,8 29,2 30,2 30,4 30,3 Agree with 1 38,5 43,1 37,1 42,9 40,0 Agree with 2 11,6 12,4 14,4 9,3 11,9 Agree very strongly with 2 4,0 3,7 4,1 3,7 3,9 Agree with neither 3,1 2,3 2,7 3,0 2,9 Don't know 11,5 8,9 11,1 10,3 10,7 27

28 Q37. Parliament makes laws vs. president does Missing,1,1,1 Agree very strongly with 1 16,6 15,7 16,1 16,6 16,4 Agree with 1 27,2 31,6 30,6 26,7 28,7 Agree with 2 18,1 17,0 17,2 18,3 17,8 Agree very strongly with 2 6,5 7,4 7,3 6,3 6,8 Agree with neither 11,6 11,3 10,9 12,1 11,5 Don't know 19,8 16,9 17,9 19,8 18,8 Q38. President free to act vs. obey the laws and courts Missing,1,2,3,1 Agree very strongly with 1 7,7 5,5 7,4 6,6 7,0 Agree with 1 20,9 26,7 23,4 22,2 22,8 Agree with 2 24,9 26,1 24,6 26,0 25,3 Agree very strongly with 2 15,0 19,2 17,1 15,6 16,4 Agree with neither 10,8 7,4 8,7 10,6 9,7 Don't know 20,6 14,9 18,7 18,7 18,7 Q39. Presidential two term limit vs. no term limits Missing,2,1,1,1 Agree very strongly with 1 29,5 28,2 30,8 27,3 29,1 Agree with 1 33,9 32,4 32,1 34,7 33,4 Agree with 2 16,5 18,0 17,9 16,1 17,0 Agree very strongly with 2 9,1 12,9 8,8 11,9 10,4 Agree with neither 4,5 1,1 3,0 3,7 3,4 Don't know 6,3 7,5 7,3 6,2 6,7 Total 28

29 Q40. Extent of democracy Missing,1,1,1 Not a democracy 3,5 2,7 3,7 2,7 3,2 A democracy, with major problems 36,9 36,0 36,7 36,5 36,6 A democracy, but with minor problems 38,9 42,5 38,1 42,1 40,1 A full democracy 12,5 12,0 14,1 10,5 12,3 Do not understand question /democracy 1,9 1,2 1,8 1,6 1,7 Don't know 6,3 5,5 5,6 6,4 6,0 Q41. Satisfaction with democracy Missing,2,3,1,4,2 The country is not a democracy,2,4,1,4,3 Not at all satisfied 28,4 22,8 27,3 25,8 26,5 Not very satisfied 46,9 50,4 49,0 47,2 48,1 Fairly satisfied 8,5 7,3 7,5 8,7 8,1 Very satisfied 9,8 12,7 11,1 10,3 10,7 Do not know 6,0 6,1 4,8 7,3 6,0 Q42a. Courts make binding decisions Missing,5,3,3,3 Strongly Disagree 5,9 6,6 6,7 5,6 6,1 Disagree 27,4 32,0 26,8 31,0 28,9 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 13,2 8,6 11,6 11,7 11,6 Agree 42,5 37,3 41,2 40,3 40,8 Strongly Agree 6,1 7,2 7,1 5,9 6,5 Don't Know 4,5 8,3 6,3 5,2 5,8 Total 29

30 Q42b. People must obey the law Missing,7,2,9,2,6 Strongly Disagree 3,0 7,4 4,0 4,9 4,5 Disagree 19,5 22,4 22,4 18,5 20,5 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 10,9 10,0 8,8 12,4 10,6 Agree 54,1 47,0 50,6 52,9 51,8 Strongly Agree 8,5 7,8 8,3 8,2 8,3 Don't Know 3,3 5,2 5,0 2,8 3,9 Q42c. People must pay taxes Missing,5,1,4,3,4 Strongly Disagree 2,4 5,1 3,3 3,3 3,3 Disagree 10,7 13,4 12,7 10,4 11,6 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 4,6 5,3 4,7 4,9 4,8 Agree 59,7 53,8 54,7 60,8 57,8 Strongly Agree 17,4 14,4 17,6 15,1 16,4 Don't Know 4,7 8,0 6,4 5,1 5,8 Q43. Obey government always vs. only if vote for it Missing,4,3,3,4,3 Agree very strongly with 1 39,0 35,7 37,9 37,9 37,9 Agree with 1 45,2 51,1 45,9 48,3 47,1 Agree with 2 6,3 5,2 5,7 6,2 5,9 Agree very strongly with 2 2,5,7 2,7 1,2 1,9 Agree with neither 1,7 1,6 1,9 1,4 1,6 Don't know 5,0 5,4 5,6 4,7 5,2 Total 30

31 Q44. Citizens must pay taxes vs. no need to tax the people Missing,3,6,8,4 Agree very strongly with 1 30,5 31,8 30,9 30,9 30,9 Agree with 1 41,9 39,1 41,1 40,8 41,0 Agree with 2 13,2 14,6 12,5 14,8 13,6 Agree very strongly with 2 5,1 4,6 5,3 4,5 4,9 Agree with neither 2,9 2,5 3,4 2,1 2,8 Don't know 6,2 6,7 6,7 6,1 6,4 Q45a. How often news media abuses its freedom Missing,3,1,3,2 Never 29,4 32,3 29,0 31,7 30,3 Rarely 30,6 26,3 30,1 28,3 29,2 Often 10,0 9,3 8,9 10,6 9,7 Always 11,2 11,1 12,2 10,1 11,2 Don't know 18,5 21,1 19,7 19,0 19,4 Q45b. How often party competition leads to conflict Missing,5,1,3,4,4 Never 17,7 12,6 16,1 16,0 16,0 Rarely 26,2 27,4 25,6 27,6 26,6 Often 12,4 18,0 13,7 14,8 14,2 Always 30,0 34,1 33,4 29,4 31,4 Don't know 13,1 7,9 10,9 11,9 11,4 Q45c. How often president ignores laws Missing,1,6,3,2,3 Never 40,6 39,9 38,5 42,2 40,3 Rarely 15,8 15,0 16,6 14,5 15,5 Often 3,0 4,7 3,5 3,7 3,6 Always 4,5 6,0 5,4 4,7 5,0 Don't know 36,0 33,8 35,9 34,7 35,3 Total 31

32 Q45d. How often opposition parties silenced by government Missing,5,7,3 Never 28,3 27,1 29,9 26,0 27,9 Rarely 19,1 18,9 18,8 19,2 19,0 Often 7,7 7,8 6,7 8,8 7,7 Always 16,8 16,6 16,1 17,4 16,8 Don't know 27,4 29,6 28,3 27,9 28,1 Refused,1,2,1 Q45e. How often president ignores parliament Missing,1,6,4,1,3 Never 54,7 53,5 52,0 56,7 54,3 Rarely 7,3 9,6 8,1 8,0 8,1 Often 1,8 2,8 2,6 1,7 2,1 Always 4,5 3,5 4,5 3,9 4,2 Don't know 31,6 30,0 32,5 29,6 31,1 Q46. How effective the news media reveals government mistakes and corruption Missing,1,2,1 Not at all effective 32,0 33,0 32,4 32,4 32,4 Not very effective 12,6 13,3 12,7 13,0 12,9 Somewhat effective 20,8 18,0 19,4 20,4 19,9 Very effective 17,9 23,6 20,8 18,8 19,8 Don't know 16,6 12,1 14,7 15,4 15,1 Q47a. Elections ensure voters' views are reflected Missing,6,6,2,4 Not at all well 19,8 13,4 18,0 17,4 17,7 Not very well 25,3 32,4 27,3 28,0 27,7 Well 27,9 25,7 26,7 27,7 27,2 Very well 8,6 7,9 7,6 9,1 8,4 Don't know 17,7 20,7 19,8 17,6 18,7 Total 32

33 Q47b. Elections enable voters to remove leaders from office Missing,5,5,2,3 Not at all well 25,4 22,8 28,3 20,8 24,5 Not very well 24,6 28,2 24,0 27,6 25,8 Well 23,5 19,7 20,2 24,2 22,2 Very well 9,4 7,2 8,5 8,8 8,6 Don't know 16,6 22,2 18,5 18,4 18,5 Q48a. Elections: fair count of votes Missing,9,7,6 1,1,8 Never 6,0 2,2 4,2 5,3 4,7 Sometimes 15,8 17,1 15,2 17,3 16,2 Often 8,3 9,8 8,1 9,4 8,8 Always 55,3 58,2 57,9 54,6 56,3 Don't know 13,8 12,0 14,0 12,3 13,2 Q48b. Elections: opposition prevented from running Missing,7,6,3,5 Never 29,7 35,6 31,9 31,4 31,7 Sometimes 19,7 21,6 20,4 20,3 20,3 Often 7,4 3,4 7,0 5,2 6,1 Always 20,8 17,3 19,2 20,1 19,6 Don't know 21,6 22,2 21,0 22,7 21,8 Q48c. Elections: fair media coverage Missing,2,1,2,2 Never 12,6 11,5 11,6 12,9 12,3 Sometimes 30,0 30,0 29,3 30,8 30,0 Often 9,3 10,1 8,8 10,4 9,6 Always 35,5 34,7 37,2 33,3 35,3 Don't know 12,2 13,7 13,0 12,3 12,7 Total 33

34 Q48d. Elections: voters are bribed Missing 1,8 1,9 1,9 1,7 1,8 Never 15,0 15,9 16,1 14,5 15,3 Sometimes 22,6 24,1 20,7 25,5 23,1 Often 9,6 12,3 11,1 9,8 10,5 Always 37,1 31,6 35,6 35,0 35,3 Don't know 14,0 14,1 14,6 13,4 14,0 Q48e. Elections: voters have genuine choice Missing,4,1,2,4,3 Never 12,8 14,3 14,0 12,6 13,3 Sometimes 18,7 20,2 19,1 19,3 19,2 Often 11,8 7,0 10,6 9,8 10,2 Always 41,2 41,4 40,7 41,8 41,2 Don't know 15,1 17,0 15,3 16,2 15,7 Q48f. Elections: voters threatened Missing,5,3,8,4 Never 52,7 53,1 54,5 51,2 52,8 Sometimes 22,1 19,3 19,8 22,5 21,2 Often 3,7 3,6 5,3 2,1 3,7 Always 9,1 12,5 9,7 10,6 10,2 Don't know 12,0 11,3 10,7 12,8 11,8 Q49. How much fear political intimidation or violence Missing,2,1,2,2 A lot 4,4 5,4 4,4 5,2 4,8 Somewhat 6,5 7,7 6,4 7,4 6,9 A little bit 14,3 15,2 15,9 13,2 14,6 Not at all 72,7 68,1 71,0 71,3 71,2 Don't know 1,8 3,6 2,1 2,7 2,4 Total 34

35 Q50. Leaders serve interests of people or their own Missing,6,5,4,4 More to serve their own political ambitions - strongly agree 34,1 30,8 33,2 32,8 33,0 More to serve their own political ambitions - agree 27,1 31,8 28,6 28,8 28,7 Neither agree nor disagree 5,2 5,4 4,8 5,7 5,3 More to serve the people - agree 21,1 19,8 21,5 19,8 20,6 More to serve the people - strongly agree 6,7 9,2 7,9 7,1 7,5 Don't know 5,2 3,0 3,5 5,5 4,5 Q51a. How often careful what you say Missing,8,1,9,5 Never 19,9 14,1 18,4 17,5 18,0 Rarely 15,0 9,5 12,0 14,3 13,2 Often 10,7 12,0 10,2 12,0 11,1 Always 47,8 56,0 52,9 48,1 50,5 Don't know 5,9 8,4 6,3 7,1 6,7 Q51b. How often people treated unequally Missing,4,2,3,2 Never 22,5 22,9 23,1 22,2 22,7 Rarely 10,7 13,0 12,1 10,8 11,5 Often 14,2 14,1 12,9 15,5 14,2 Always 44,4 41,3 43,8 43,0 43,4 Don't know 7,8 8,6 8,0 8,1 8,0 Refused,1,1,0 Total 35

36 Q51c. How often officials unpunished Missing,2,5,6,3 Never 13,4 19,1 15,1 15,5 15,3 Rarely 23,4 14,0 18,7 21,9 20,3 Often 13,3 6,9 11,8 10,6 11,2 Always 39,8 48,2 44,2 41,0 42,6 Don't know 9,8 11,3 10,2 10,4 10,3 Q51d. How often ordinary people unpunished Missing,4,2,6,3 Never 44,9 49,4 47,4 45,4 46,4 Rarely 19,4 10,9 15,5 17,6 16,6 Often 5,7 3,8 6,3 3,8 5,1 Always 20,5 26,3 21,9 22,9 22,4 Don't know 9,2 9,3 8,8 9,6 9,2 Q52a. Trust president Missing,3,3,4,3,3 Not at all 29,0 32,6 31,1 29,2 30,2 Just a little 35,7 31,1 33,5 34,9 34,2 Somewhat 14,6 10,9 12,4 14,3 13,4 A lot 15,7 18,8 17,0 16,5 16,7 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 4,7 6,2 5,6 4,8 5,2 Q52a1-STP. Trust primeminister Missing,5,7,5,6,6 Not at all 17,3 11,9 16,1 14,9 15,5 Just a little 34,8 28,8 31,6 34,0 32,8 Somewhat 15,4 15,1 15,7 14,9 15,3 A lot 28,6 38,6 31,6 32,2 31,9 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 3,5 4,9 4,6 3,4 4,0 Total 36

37 Q52b. Trust parliament/national assembly Missing,7,6,6,6,6 Not at all 21,8 18,2 21,1 20,0 20,6 Just a little 39,0 37,2 37,9 38,9 38,4 Somewhat 15,0 13,5 14,9 14,2 14,5 A lot 13,2 19,3 14,7 15,7 15,2 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 10,3 11,2 10,8 10,5 10,6 Q52c. Trust national electoral commission Missing,6,7,8,5,6 Not at all 18,8 15,7 16,5 19,0 17,8 Just a little 41,4 37,8 39,7 40,8 40,2 Somewhat 14,5 15,6 14,8 15,0 14,9 A lot 15,0 19,0 17,6 15,0 16,3 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 9,7 11,2 10,6 9,7 10,2 Q52d. Trust tax department Missing,6,8,9,4,7 Not at all 20,9 17,2 18,2 21,2 19,7 Just a little 42,9 38,2 42,3 40,4 41,3 Somewhat 13,1 15,9 13,9 14,2 14,0 A lot 10,7 13,7 11,2 12,2 11,7 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 11,8 14,2 13,5 11,7 12,6 Q52e. Trust your elected local government council Missing,6,6,7,6,6 Not at all 23,4 23,6 24,7 22,2 23,5 Just a little 40,0 36,2 38,0 39,5 38,7 Somewhat 13,8 11,5 11,3 14,8 13,0 A lot 14,0 20,1 16,1 15,9 16,0 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 8,3 8,0 9,2 7,1 8,2 Total 37

38 Q52f. Trust the ruling party Missing,6,5,5,6,5 Not at all 18,9 16,5 17,5 18,7 18,1 Just a little 35,5 29,0 34,2 32,5 33,4 Somewhat 13,9 12,0 12,3 14,3 13,3 A lot 25,6 34,8 27,8 29,4 28,6 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 5,6 7,0 7,7 4,4 6,1 Q52g. Trust opposition political parties Missing,4 1,0,8,5,6 Not at all 38,8 37,6 39,5 37,3 38,4 Just a little 32,2 33,4 31,9 33,4 32,6 Somewhat 11,5 8,9 9,3 12,0 10,7 A lot 9,9 9,7 9,7 9,9 9,8 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 7,1 9,3 8,8 6,9 7,9 Q52h. Trust police Missing,3,3,4,3,3 Not at all 32,8 34,8 34,8 32,2 33,5 Just a little 36,0 30,1 33,9 34,2 34,1 Somewhat 12,4 10,3 10,4 13,0 11,7 A lot 14,0 17,3 14,4 15,8 15,1 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 4,4 7,2 6,2 4,5 5,3 Q52i. Trust army Missing,6,6,7,5,6 Not at all 17,5 21,8 20,2 17,6 18,9 Just a little 36,2 31,0 35,3 33,6 34,5 Somewhat 16,2 12,3 12,7 17,1 14,9 A lot 24,6 27,7 25,2 26,1 25,6 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 4,9 6,6 5,9 5,0 5,5 Total 38

39 Q52j. Trust courts of law Missing,5 1,5 1,1,6,8 Not at all 25,4 21,3 23,8 24,3 24,0 Just a little 34,2 34,5 35,3 33,4 34,3 Somewhat 14,5 10,6 12,2 14,3 13,2 A lot 18,3 21,9 19,2 19,9 19,5 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 7,0 10,2 8,6 7,5 8,0 Q52l. Trust religious leaders Missing,6,6,7,5,6 Not at all 12,4 13,6 13,1 12,6 12,8 Just a little 25,6 30,8 27,2 27,3 27,3 Somewhat 17,3 11,1 15,0 15,6 15,3 A lot 37,6 36,7 36,3 38,3 37,3 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 6,5 7,2 7,6 5,8 6,7 Q53a. Corruption: office of the Presidency Missing,7,3,6,5,5 None 10,3 14,5 12,6 10,8 11,7 Some of them 37,0 35,5 37,7 35,3 36,5 Most of them 9,9 7,5 9,6 8,6 9,1 All of them 10,2 6,3 6,8 11,1 8,9 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 31,9 35,9 32,7 33,8 33,2 Q53a1-STP. Corruption: prime-minister and officials in this office Missing,7,7,9,5,7 None 15,0 17,8 15,6 16,2 15,9 Some of them 35,6 32,2 35,3 33,6 34,5 Most of them 7,4 5,7 6,6 7,1 6,8 All of them 8,0 6,5 7,9 7,2 7,5 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 33,4 37,0 33,8 35,5 34,6 Total 39

40 Q53b. Corruption: Members of Parliament Missing,6,4,4,4 None 10,7 14,8 13,2 10,9 12,0 Some of them 35,9 34,1 34,2 36,4 35,3 Most of them 10,2 8,3 11,2 7,9 9,6 All of them 6,8 6,2 5,3 7,9 6,6 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 35,8 36,6 35,7 36,4 36,0 Refused,1,1,1 Q53c. Corruption: government officials Missing,4,7,7,3,5 None 10,6 13,9 11,2 12,2 11,7 Some of them 36,7 33,7 37,0 34,5 35,7 Most of them 15,1 8,9 13,8 12,4 13,1 All of them 6,2 5,4 5,3 6,6 5,9 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 31,1 37,2 32,0 34,1 33,1 Q53d. Corruption: local government councillors Missing,5,3,5,4,4 None 11,6 15,2 13,3 12,3 12,8 Some of them 37,1 31,8 35,7 35,0 35,4 Most of them 8,2 7,2 8,8 6,9 7,8 All of them 7,8 9,0 8,3 8,1 8,2 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 34,9 36,5 33,4 37,4 35,4 Q53e. Corruption: police Missing,9,4,8,6,7 None 9,9 14,3 11,4 11,3 11,3 Some of them 34,3 31,3 33,2 33,4 33,3 Most of them 20,6 13,6 20,6 16,0 18,3 All of them 9,0 9,7 8,6 9,9 9,2 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 25,3 30,8 25,4 28,8 27,1 40

41 Q53f. Corruption: tax officials Missing,5,4,3,4 None 11,0 13,9 11,6 12,4 12,0 Some of them 35,7 36,7 37,5 34,6 36,1 Most of them 12,2 6,9 11,5 9,4 10,4 All of them 7,2 7,3 6,4 8,1 7,3 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 33,3 35,2 32,6 35,2 33,9 Q53g. Corruption: judges and magistrates Missing,6,7,5,7,6 None 10,0 14,1 12,1 10,6 11,4 Some of them 33,2 29,0 29,9 33,7 31,8 Most of them 17,4 13,6 17,9 14,3 16,1 All of them 9,9 9,8 9,3 10,4 9,9 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 29,0 32,9 30,2 30,3 30,3 Q53i. Corruption: religious leaders Missing,3,1,2,2 None 23,3 27,9 23,6 26,0 24,8 Some of them 35,6 27,8 34,0 32,1 33,0 Most of them 5,1 4,7 5,5 4,4 4,9 All of them 5,2 4,5 5,4 4,5 4,9 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 30,6 35,1 31,3 32,9 32,1 Q53j. Corruption: business executives Missing,3,1,2,2 None 10,6 14,4 13,4 10,3 11,9 Some of them 32,2 31,5 30,6 33,4 32,0 Most of them 17,2 11,9 17,6 13,3 15,4 All of them 9,3 7,7 8,5 9,0 8,8 Don't know/ Haven't heard enough 30,4 34,5 29,7 33,8 31,8 41

42 Q54. Level of corruption Missing,4,9,5,5,5 Increased a lot 27,6 21,8 26,6 24,7 25,7 Increased somewhat 13,8 14,5 14,8 13,2 14,0 Stayed the same 17,8 18,9 16,8 19,5 18,1 Decreased somewhat 22,5 29,3 24,5 24,9 24,7 Decreased a lot 3,8 4,7 5,3 2,8 4,1 Don't know 14,2 10,0 11,4 14,3 12,8 Q55a. Difficulty to obtain public school services Missing,2,3,3,1,2 Very Easy 2,0 7,0 4,1 3,2 3,6 Easy 33,1 31,4 29,0 36,1 32,5 Difficult 10,8 11,3 11,9 10,1 11,0 Very Difficult 1,9 1,4 1,8 1,7 1,7 No contact 52,0 48,6 53,0 48,7 50,9 Q55b. Pay bribe for school services Missing 2,3 2,6 2,9 1,9 2,4 Never 37,3 39,8 35,5 40,7 38,1 Once or Twice 4,0 3,2 3,8 3,6 3,7 A Few times 2,6 3,3 2,4 3,3 2,8 Often 1,6 2,3 2,2 1,5 1,9 No contact 52,0 48,6 53,0 48,7 50,9 Don't know,2,2,1,2,2 Q55c. Difficulty to obtain medical treatment Very Easy 2,2 6,2 2,5 4,5 3,5 Easy 36,3 40,0 37,2 37,9 37,5 Difficult 23,0 15,4 20,3 20,7 20,5 Very Difficult 2,3 2,7 3,3 1,5 2,4 No contact 36,2 35,8 36,7 35,4 36,0 Total 42

43 Q55d. Pay bribe for treatment at public clinic or hospital Missing 4,6 5,2 5,3 4,3 4,8 Never 49,1 49,3 49,0 49,2 49,1 Once or Twice 4,5 4,1 3,4 5,3 4,4 A Few times 3,8 2,1 3,1 3,4 3,3 Often 1,6 3,2 2,4 1,9 2,1 No contact 36,2 35,8 36,7 35,4 36,0 Don't know,2,4,1,4,3 Q55e. Difficulty to obtain identity document Missing,2,3,3,1,2 Very Easy,5 2,3 1,6,7 1,1 Easy 24,2 25,0 25,1 23,8 24,4 Difficult 13,7 11,7 11,6 14,4 13,0 Very Difficult 2,4 2,8 2,2 2,9 2,5 No contact 58,8 57,7 58,9 58,0 58,4 Don't Know,2,2,3,1,2 Q55f. Pay bribe for document or permit Missing 2,0 2,0 2,2 1,7 2,0 Never 31,9 32,1 31,3 32,7 32,0 Once or Twice 4,4 4,5 4,5 4,5 4,5 A Few times 1,9 3,1 2,2 2,4 2,3 Often,5,4,4,6,5 No contact 58,8 57,7 58,9 58,0 58,4 Don't know,5,2,6,1,4 Q55g. Difficulty to obtain household services Very Easy,3 1,4,8,5,6 Easy 17,8 12,9 15,8 16,6 16,2 Difficult 13,9 9,6 12,2 12,7 12,5 Very Difficult 2,7 4,5 3,4 3,2 3,3 No contact 65,3 71,0 67,6 66,8 67,2 Don't Know,1,7,3,3,3 Total 43

44 Q55h. Pay bribe for household services Missing 1,0,4,6,9,8 Never 30,6 23,6 28,5 28,1 28,3 Once or Twice 1,4 2,1 1,5 1,8 1,6 A Few times,8,9,7,9,8 Often,8 1,6,9 1,3 1,1 No contact 65,3 71,0 67,6 66,8 67,2 Don't know,1,4,3,2,2 Q55i. Difficulty to obtain help from the police Missing,1,1,1 Very Easy,6 1,9 1,0 1,1 1,0 Easy 5,1 5,2 4,8 5,5 5,2 Difficult 3,9 3,9 4,1 3,7 3,9 Very Difficult,6 1,8,8 1,2 1,0 No contact 89,7 87,2 89,2 88,6 88,9 Q55j. Pay bribe to avoid problem with police Missing,5,7,6,6,6 Never 7,4 8,5 7,5 8,0 7,7 Once or Twice 1,3 1,2,9 1,6 1,2 A Few times 1,0 1,2 1,4,7 1,1 Often,1 1,0,4,4,4 No contact 89,7 87,2 89,2 88,6 88,9 Don't know,2,2,1 Q55k. Difficulty to obtain assistance from courts Missing,2,6,5,1,3 Very Easy,3,8,6,4,5 Easy 2,0 2,2 2,2 2,0 2,1 Difficult 3,6 2,2 3,5 2,7 3,1 Very Difficult,8,6,8,7,8 No contact 92,8 93,4 92,3 93,7 93,0 Don't Know,3,2,1,4,3 Total 44

45 Q55l. Pay bribe to get assistance from courts Missing,7 1,4 1,4,5,9 Never 4,7 2,4 4,2 3,8 4,0 Once or Twice,7 1,2 1,1,6,8 A Few times,5,9,6,7,6 Often,3,4,2 No contact 92,8 93,4 92,3 93,7 93,0 Don't know,3,7,5,4,4 Q56. Reported payment of bribes to government No 10,6 8,7 10,2 9,8 10,0 Yes 8,6 10,1 8,0 10,2 9,1 Not Applicable 80,8 81,2 81,8 80,1 80,9 Q57a. Bribery: authorities took action No, didn't happen 8,0 9,6 7,4 9,6 8,5 Yes, happened,3,6,6,1,4 Not Applicable 91,4 89,9 92,0 89,8 90,9 Don't know,3,4,2 Q57b. Bribery: suffered retaliation No, didn't happen 8,0 9,1 7,6 9,1 8,4 Yes, happened,2,5,2,3,3 Not Applicable 91,4 89,9 92,0 89,8 90,9 Don't know,4,6,2,7,5 Total 45

46 Q58. Main reason for not reporting corruption Missing,4,3,4,2,3 Most people do report incidents of corruption 1,4 3,3 1,6 2,5 2,1 People don't have enough time to report it,9,7,7,9,8 People don't know where to report it 4,8 2,1 2,6 5,2 3,9 People don't know how to report it 3,9 2,7 3,5 3,6 3,5 Nothing will be done / It wouldn't make a difference 9,9 11,5 11,3 9,6 10,4 It's too expensive to report 1,2,6 1,4,6 1,0 Corruption is normal / Everyone does it 1,5 1,7 1,5 1,6 1,6 People are afraid of the consequences 51,7 45,8 51,2 48,3 49,8 The officials where they would report to are also corrupt 1,1 1,1,9 1,2 1,1 It's government's money, so it's not our problem,4,5,2 They would implicate themselves as bribe-givers,2,5,3,3,3 Corruption is too difficult to prove 1,8 3,2 2,0 2,4 2,2 Other 1,2 1,4 1,3 1,2 1,2 Don't know 19,8 25,0 20,8 22,3 21,5 Q59a. MPs listen Missing,2,3,3,1,2 Never 55,4 44,0 51,2 52,1 51,6 Only Sometimes 27,2 31,1 30,2 26,7 28,4 Often 6,4 6,7 5,3 7,7 6,5 Always 2,6 6,3 3,5 4,1 3,8 Don't know 8,2 11,7 9,5 9,2 9,3 Total 46

47 Q59b. Local government councillors listen Missing,2,3,3,1,2 Never 46,7 39,6 44,7 44,0 44,4 Only Sometimes 33,1 34,0 33,1 33,7 33,4 Often 6,0 7,4 7,8 5,2 6,5 Always 4,7 7,0 3,5 7,4 5,5 Don't know 9,3 11,6 10,6 9,5 10,1 Q60pt1. Most important problems - 1st response Missing,3,3,2 Management of the economy 6,1 5,2 6,5 5,1 5,8 Wages, incomes and salaries 12,1 7,8 10,6 10,7 10,7 Unemployment 37,4 34,4 36,8 36,0 36,4 Poverty/destitution 5,3 6,0 5,2 5,9 5,5 Rates and Taxes,1,1,0 Loans / credit,7,4,6,6,6 Farming/agriculture 1,4 1,6 1,1 1,9 1,5 Food shortage/famine 4,0 4,6 4,9 3,6 4,2 Drought,1,1,1 Transportation,1,5,3,1,2 Communications,2,3,2 Infrastructure / roads 4,7 10,5 7,0 6,3 6,6 Education 4,7 2,7 4,4 3,6 4,0 Housing,6,4,4,7,5 Electricity 5,4 5,0 4,2 6,3 5,3 Water supply 4,5 5,7 4,6 5,2 4,9 Orphans/street children/homeless children,4,6,7,1,4 Services (other),2,2,1,3,2 Health 4,4 5,9 4,4 5,4 4,9 Crime and Security 1,6 2,8 1,5 2,4 2,0 Corruption,9 1,0 1,2,7,9 Political violence,3,2,6,3 Political instability/ ethnic tensions 1,3,6,2,4 Discrimination/ inequality,3,6,4,4,4 Gender issues / women's rights,1,2,1 Agricultural marketing,5,4,1,8,4 Other,3,2,5,3 Don't know 3,4 2,0 2,7 3,2 2,9 47

48 Q60pt2. Most important problems - 2nd response Missing,3,3,2 Management of the economy 1,8 2,8 1,9 2,4 2,2 Wages, incomes and salaries 5,1 4,3 4,8 4,9 4,8 Unemployment 9,6 11,4 10,1 10,3 10,2 Poverty/destitution 7,0 5,9 7,2 6,0 6,6 Rates and Taxes,7 1,6,8 1,3 1,0 Loans / credit 2,5 1,0 1,4 2,6 2,0 Farming/agriculture 2,7 3,8 4,1 2,1 3,1 Food shortage/famine 9,7 7,5 8,3 9,6 9,0 Drought,0,1,0 Land,6,2,1,9,5 Transportation,3 1,0,8,2,5 Communications,5,3,6,2,4 Infrastructure / roads 4,9 6,1 5,8 4,9 5,3 Education 11,5 8,4 10,4 10,6 10,5 Housing 2,0 2,2 1,9 2,3 2,1 Electricity 8,7 10,6 8,6 10,0 9,3 Water supply 6,9 9,1 7,8 7,4 7,6 Orphans/street children/homeless children,8 1,4 1,2,8 1,0 Services (other),4,6,5,4,4 Health 9,9 9,0 8,3 11,0 9,6 AIDS,0,3,2,1 Crime and Security 1,5 1,4 2,2,8 1,5 Corruption 2,3 1,5 2,7 1,3 2,0 Political violence,5,2,4,3 Political instability/ ethnic tensions,2,1,1 Discrimination/ inequality,3,3,3,3,3 Agricultural marketing,3 1,0,7,4,5 Other 1,4,8 1,1 1,3 1,2 No further reply 7,7 7,4 7,6 7,7 7,6 Total 48

49 Q60pt3. Most important problems - 3rd response Missing,3,3,2 Management of the economy 2,1,4 2,6,5 1,5 Wages, incomes and salaries 2,0 1,9 2,0 1,9 2,0 Unemployment 6,4 7,2 7,1 6,1 6,6 Poverty/destitution 3,3 1,7 3,2 2,3 2,7 Rates and Taxes,2,0,2,1 Loans / credit 1,7 2,1 1,6 2,1 1,8 Farming/agriculture 1,5 1,5 1,8 1,2 1,5 Food shortage/famine 5,2 3,4 4,9 4,3 4,6 Drought,5,2,4,4,4 Land,2,4,5,1,3 Transportation,5,9,6,7,6 Communications,1,7,4,2,3 Infrastructure / roads 6,3 8,1 5,6 8,1 6,9 Education 5,7 8,0 5,7 7,3 6,5 Housing 4,2 3,8 3,9 4,3 4,1 Electricity 5,8 8,0 6,8 6,3 6,5 Water supply 8,0 8,2 8,0 8,1 8,1 Orphans/street children/homeless children 2,7 2,1 2,1 2,9 2,5 Services (other),7,6,2 1,2,7 Health 12,0 11,0 12,3 11,0 11,6 AIDS,3,3,1,2 Sickness / Disease,6,8,4 1,0,7 Crime and Security 1,3 2,0 1,9 1,2 1,6 Corruption 2,4 3,1 2,6 2,7 2,6 Political violence 1,2,9,8,8 Political instability/ ethnic tensions,1 1,0,5,3,4 Discrimination/ inequality 2,0 1,2 1,8 1,7 1,8 Gender issues / women's rights,4,1,4,3 Democracy/political rights,3,2,1 Agricultural marketing 1,0,8,6 1,2,9 Other 3,4 2,9 3,2 3,2 3,2 No further reply 17,9 17,7 17,7 17,9 17,8 Total 49

50 Q61a. Handling first problem Missing,6,5,3,8,6 Very badly 14,3 12,5 13,7 13,7 13,7 Fairly badly 16,3 16,3 16,0 16,6 16,3 Fairly well 48,3 48,2 47,5 49,0 48,2 Very well 10,4 14,3 13,2 10,2 11,7 Not applicable 3,4 2,0 2,7 3,2 2,9 Don't know 6,6 6,2 6,6 6,4 6,5 Q61b. Other political party could solve first problem Missing 1,0,5,7,9,8 No 56,1 63,5 59,6 57,4 58,5 Yes 13,1 12,8 13,5 12,6 13,0 Not applicable 3,4 2,0 2,7 3,2 2,9 Don't know 26,4 21,2 23,6 25,8 24,7 Q62. Main difference between ruling and opposition parties Missing,3 1,2,5,7,6 There is no difference 10,7 9,2 9,4 11,0 10,2 The honesty or integrity of party leaders 15,2 15,5 16,6 14,0 15,3 The religion of party leaders or members 2,3,8 2,0 1,7 1,8 Their economic and development policies 18,2 18,6 18,0 18,7 18,3 The experience of party leaders 15,2 13,5 14,3 15,0 14,6 The ethnicity of party leaders or members 1,1 2,3 1,6 1,4 1,5 The personalities of party leaders 6,5 9,7 7,2 7,9 7,5 The regional identity of party leaders or members 1,7 1,1 1,6 1,4 1,5 None of these / Some other answer 3,7 5,5 3,2 5,4 4,3 Don't know 25,0 22,7 25,6 22,9 24,2 Total 50

51 Q63a. Ruling vs. opposition: controlling prices Missing,5 1,0,2 1,1,7 Ruling party 77,1 77,7 78,2 76,4 77,3 Opposition party or parties 5,7 6,0 5,4 6,3 5,8 Neither of them 10,2 8,6 10,7 8,7 9,7 Don't know / Haven't heard enough 6,2 6,7 5,2 7,6 6,4 Refused,2,3,1 Q63b. Ruling vs. opposition: creating jobs Missing,2 1,2,3,8,5 Ruling party 75,9 76,3 77,1 75,1 76,1 Opposition party or parties 6,0 4,8 4,4 6,8 5,6 Neither of them 11,0 10,6 11,5 10,3 10,9 Don't know / Haven't heard enough 6,9 7,0 6,8 7,1 6,9 Q63c. Ruling vs. opposition: improving health Missing,3 1,0,4,7,6 Ruling party 80,2 81,8 81,7 79,7 80,7 Opposition party or parties 5,1 2,9 4,3 4,5 4,4 Neither of them 8,1 6,2 8,1 6,9 7,5 Don't know / Haven't heard enough 6,3 8,1 5,5 8,3 6,9 Q63d. Ruling vs. opposition: fighting corruption Missing,3 1,2,3,9,6 Ruling party 68,7 68,1 68,8 68,1 68,5 Opposition party or parties 11,7 15,2 12,0 13,7 12,8 Neither of them 11,7 7,4 11,4 9,1 10,2 Don't know / Haven't heard enough 7,7 8,1 7,5 8,2 7,9 Total 51

52 Q64. Political opposition is viable alternative Missing,2,5,4,1,3 Strongly Disagree 11,9 10,7 12,2 10,8 11,5 Disagree 24,7 28,8 28,3 23,8 26,0 Neither Agree Nor Disagree 7,6 12,8 11,2 7,4 9,3 Agree 25,8 24,2 22,3 28,3 25,3 Strongly Agree 3,7 2,4 2,8 3,8 3,3 Don't Know 26,1 20,7 22,8 25,8 24,3 Q65a. First priority for investment Missing,1 1,0,3,5,4 None of the above 1,8 1,6 1,2 2,1 1,7 Education 48,6 43,4 47,3 46,4 46,9 Infrastructure, like roads and bridges 10,0 18,0 13,2 12,1 12,6 Security, like the police and military 1,8,2 1,6 1,0 1,3 Healthcare 19,3 16,3 17,4 19,2 18,3 Agricultural development 10,0 12,9 11,4 10,6 11,0 Energy supply 6,4 5,5 5,3 7,0 6,1 Don't Know / Can't remember 1,9 1,1 2,3 1,1 1,7 Q65b. Second priority for investment Missing 1,2 2,4 1,3 1,9 1,6 None of the above 2,3 4,6 3,2 2,9 3,0 Education 10,7 9,6 9,4 11,2 10,3 Infrastructure, like roads and bridges 11,6 10,5 11,0 11,5 11,3 Security, like the police and military 5,8 4,9 4,7 6,3 5,5 Healthcare 29,2 24,5 28,1 27,1 27,6 Agricultural development 21,2 23,0 22,8 20,8 21,8 Energy supply 12,1 15,7 14,3 12,4 13,3 Don't Know / Can't remember 5,7 4,9 5,0 5,9 5,5 Total 52