Film Thickness Measurement Technique by Ultrasonic Transducer

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1 Film Thickness Measurement Technique by Ultrasonic Transducer Inspire the Next Author: Ilan Wyn Davies Date: June - August

2 Outline Ø Introduction Ø Ultrasonic Pulse-echo Method Ø Conventional vs Present Signal Processing Ø Conclusion Ø Questions 2

3 Introduction to Ultrasonic Transducer Purpose : - To Measure the Thickness of Liquid Film Why? - Stable operation of BWR core Goal of this Work : - To Improve the Technique based on the Experimental Data 3

4 Method of Ultrasonic Transducer Ø Liquid Film Thickness (δ) is calculated from Time Lag t Ø c - the speed of sound within saturated water Ø Utilizes Ultrasonic Reflection at the liquid film Ø Piezoelectric element (5 Hz) Ø Sonar Rader like way δ = c t 2 4

5 Method of Ultrasonic Transducer 5

6 Conventional Signal Processing (Prepared) Ø Time lag calculated via cross-correlation Steps: 1. Gain Difference wave : Observed wave from measurement Reference wave from Single-phase experiment 2. Cross-Correlation : between Difference and Reference wave 3. Time Lag at Maximum Cross-Correlation 6

7 Conventional Signal Processing (Prepared) Cross-correlation [-] Time lag [ns] 7

8 Single-phase Experiment (Prepared) Ø Establish reference wave for conventional signal processing. Ø Previously prepared. Ø Pulse echo at mock-up fuel rod wall within water Ø Under BWR conditions Ø Higher Density, Higher impedance thus change speed of sound value. Ø Data change in two-phase flow 8

9 Present Signal Processing (Hidden) Ø Finds the Reference wave hidden in measurement data Ø Histogram Method - focus and extract hidden single-phase signals in measured data Ø Utilizes the hidden potential of the weak signals Ø Real-time data 9

10 Present Signal Processing (Hidden) Yellow line - Hidden Reference Red and Green point Time lag 10

11 Condition H, Churn. Water Flow Rate: 150 kg/h, Steam Flow Rate: 35kg/h Film Thickness Cross-Correlation 11

12 Condition H, Churn. Water Flow Rate: 150 kg/h, Steam Flow Rate: 35kg/h Frame #327 Frame #406 12

13 Condition A, Annular Water Flow Rate: 150 kg/h, Steam Flow Rate: 200kg/h Film Thickness Cross-Correlation 13

14 Condition A, Annular Water Flow Rate: 150 kg/h, Steam Flow Rate: 200kg/h Frame #715 14

15 Condition F, Annular Water Flow Rate: 600 kg/h, Film Thickness Steam Flow Rate: 200kg/h Cross-Correlation 15

16 Condition F, Annular Water Flow Rate: 600 kg/h, Steam Flow Rate: 200kg/h Frame #210 Frame #580 16

17 Unknown Reflection Ø By Physical behaviour of the Liquid Film Flow Ø Large Curvature of Liquid Film Ø Ultrasonic Reflection Scattered Ø Lens Effect 17

18 Threshold Processing Ø Introducing Threshold / Limits Ø Avoid Random Errors from Unknown Reflection Ø Provide more Accurate Signal Processing Ø More Sensitively Detection of Liquid-film Thickness 18

19 Conclusion Ø Present Processing Best. Ø With Higher Cross-Correlation Ø Utilizes the hidden potential of the weak signals Ø Low Cross-Correlation assumed to detect water phase region Ø More Defined Detection of Liquid Film Ø Detected via Histogram Method. Ø Threshold Method Ø Removes the Noisy Plots Ø More Continuous, Effective Plot Ø Still Hidden Potential for Improvement 19

20 Thank You for Listening Questions? Inspire the Next A Summer Internship Project with Hitachi, Japan 20

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