China Review. Geographic Features that. separate China/India. separates China & Russia. Confucian - - China s most influential philosopher (thinker).

Transcription

1 China Review Geographic Features that separate China/India separates China & Russia dangerous flooding seasonal winds that bring large amounts of rain Confucian - - China s most influential philosopher (thinker). - collected sayings 5 Key Human Relationships Husband Wife Older Brother Younger Brother Basic Beliefs of Confucianism Rulers should be good moral examples. is the way to advance in society. -for government jobs. is the foundation of society

2 Laozi- founder People should live in. Follow of the universe. Balance between (earth, female & dark forces) and (heaven, male & light forces) Han Feizi - founder Emperor Shi Huangdi Early Chinese Civilization Started over 4000 years ago in the deadly flooding Heart of China = Ancient China No cultural diffusion Heaven, Hell and China-

3 Dynasties of China During China s history it has experienced rule by a number of Shang Dynasty, Mandate of Heaven to overthrow the Shang. gave an emperor the When the ruler had heavens approval, things were good. When the ruler lost the Mandate of Heaven, things were bad and it was time for a Signs the Ruler had the Mandate of Heaven Building roads & canals 4. Land given to the peasants 5. People are protected Signs the Ruler Lost the Mandate of Heaven 1. - floods, earthquakes, storms 2. High taxes 3. Rulers corrupt 4. 5.

4 (221 B.C.C. 206 B.C.E) - First Emperor of united China Centralized his power Repaired canals and roads - (Genghis Khan) (206 B.C.E. 220 C.E.) Emperor Wudi based on Confucian teachings to get a government job, not family connections. Paper making from wood pulp - 4,000 mile trade route from China to Italy. Golden Age Calligraphy

5 Took control of China in 1368 C.E. by (who had been ruling for 900 years) and pushing them back behind the Great Wall. Overseas expansion, a Chinese admiral exchanged luxury goods like silks and exotic animals with Europeans. Reasons why westerners were interested in China Imperialism in China in China in the late 1700 s. China tried to stop imports of the addictive drug. In 1839, to keep trade open the because of their military and industrial strength. (1842) *China had to pay for Great Britain's war costs Extraterritoriality- British citizens in China live under British rules and tried in British courts.

6 Spheres of Influences assaulted foreign communities across China in an effort. and forced the Chinese to grant foreigners even more concessions. (1911) of the Chinese Republic Stepped down because he couldn t unite China. Rival warlords fought for power.

7 leader of the Guomindang and supported by the middle class. party leader and supported by the peasants ,000 Communist s retreated and only 20,000 survived. Mao set up a base in Northern China. Reasons for Communist Success and rejecting the inequalities of Confucian philosophy. Hit-and-run. People thought Nationalists were corrupt. Jiang Jieshi flees In 1949, Jiang Jieshi and the Nationalist party of the Guomindang fled to the island of People s Republic of China Agricultural society into a. Health care Social classes eliminated Basic rights of all denied

8 (1958) People were put on, groups of people who lived and worked together. Production quotas Poorly made goods Farming output decreased (1966) Mao shut down schools and urged students to experience the revolution for themselves. and attacked teachers, government officials and factory managers. (1976) - methods modernized -upgraded -promoted & developed -systems and military forces improved

9 More Deng Ended communes. Allowed a Allowed some private business to produce goods and services. Allowed foreigners to own and operate businesses in a special zone. Results of Reforms: Economy grew Better standard of living for some Foreign relations and trade improved. Crime and corruption grew (May 1989) Demonstrators in Beijing occupied Tiananmen Square and When they refused to leave, the government sent in troops and tanks. Maintaining control and order were more important to the Chinese government than political freedom for their people. o - o Chinese government provides birth control o to couples who limit their family to one child.

10 1842- Great Britain gained the island of Hong Kong. China agreed not to change Hong Kong s social and economic system for 50 years and allowed the island some self-rule. - between Japan and China (selective borrowing) o North - Communist - Aligned with the o South - Democratic Aligned with the o o Kim Jong IL- died in 2012 and his son Kim Jung Un took over. Axis of Evil o Economic power o o Wealthy Capitalistic Country

11 Which belief system was the basis for the civil service exams given during the Han, Tang, and Song dynasties? (1) legalism (3) Buddhism (2) Daoism (4) Confucianism Opium War ( Taiping Rebellion ( ) Boxer Rebellion ( ) This series of events is most closely associated with the (1) spread of communism to China and Korea (2) growing concerns about the influence of the West in China (3) alliance formed between Vietnam and China (4) increasing expansion of civil and political rights in China The Long March is significant in Chinese history because it (1) ended Japanese occupation of China (2) reinforced the concept of the Mandate of Heaven (3) caused the Boxer Rebellion (4) established Mao Zedong as a revolutionary leader

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