2. In what present day country AND river valley was Mesopotamia located? 4. What made Judaism a unique religion in the ancient world?

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1 World Cultures Semester I Study Guide 1. Where did early civilizations develop? 2. In what present day country AND river valley was Mesopotamia located? 3. What was the code oh Hammurabi? 4. What made Judaism a unique religion in the ancient world? 5. Who was Siddhartha Gautama? 6. What was the primary basis for the caste system in India? 7. What was the Mandate of Heaven and what country believed in it? 8. Early Greek civilizations began separately as 9. Who was the first great philosopher and how did he teach his students? 10. What type of government did Sparta have? 11. According to Aristotle, what was the best form of government? 12. Which form of government was the worst according to Aristotle? 13. How did Plato s view of women differ from the prevailing Greek views? 14. How did Socrates get into trouble with the Athenian authorities? 15. The first democracy developed in the city of 16. Who is considered the founder of democracy in Athens? 17. Pericles changes democracy in Athens by 18. Rome s government was the first 19. What branches of government did the Romans have?

2 20. One of Rome s greatest legacies to the modern world is the idea that 21. The 1 st written collection of Roman laws were called 22. All Roman laws were eventually combined into a Code by the emperor 23. How did Roman law contribute to the modern world? 24. Which Roman law code applied to ALL peoples, Roman and non-roman? 25. What was the Pax Romana and when did it occur? 26. Which Emperor codified Roman law? 27. Define government- 28. Define democracy- 29. Define republic- 30. Define monarchy- 31. Define aristocracy- 32. Define oligarchy- 33. How does Roman Law differ from Common Law? 34. In 1086 King William ordered a survey of all England called 35. King Henry II s greatest achievement was the establishment of 36. The Magna Carta was basically a contract between 37. During the late Middle Ages, what caused the deaths of 1/3 of Europe s population? 38. Who was the last Tudor monarch?

3 39. Who was the Puritan leader, and anti loyalist, who won control of the English government in 1603? 40. The idea that kings and queens were God s representatives on earth is known as 41. What event pitted the Royalists against the anti-royalists in England? 42. This event in 1689 was seen as a turning point in English constitutional history because Parliament had established its right to limit the English monarch s power and control succession to the throne: 43. What is the lower house of Parliament, which consisted of knights and burgesses called: 44. What is the upper house of Parliament, which consisted of nobles and bishops called: 45. List three ways The English Bill of Rights protected Englishmen Explain why the following people, events and documents are important: 46. Henry II and common law 47. William of Normandy and the Dooms Day Book 48. Henry VIII and the act of supremacy 49. King John and the Magna Carta 50. William and Mary and the Glorious Revolution 51. Martin Luther and the Restoration 52. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? 53. The first national government of the 13 individual states in North America was created by the: 54. What did the Articles of Confederation do? 55. How does a Federal system of government work? 56. Who was Muhammad? 57. There are how many Muslim s in the world today:

4 58. Islam is the second largest religion next to: 59. The percentage of Muslim s living in the Middle East today is: 60. Islam tradition is heavily influenced by what two other religions: 61. The two sects in Islam are: 62. The holy book of Islam is called: 63. Who was Martin Luther and what movement did he begin? 64. What is the name of the intellectual movement inspired by the Scientific Revolution? 65. The French word for the intellectual thinkers of that time: Describe the basic ideas of the following Enlightenment Thinkers: 66. John Locke 67. Baron de Montesquieu 68. Voltaire 69. Rousseau 70. Beccaria 71. Mary Wollstonecraft 72. Adam Smith 73. The First Estate was made up of 74. The Second Estate was made up of 75. List four causes for the start of the revolution 76. What was the length of time between the Estates General being called into session?

5 77. Why did the King call the Meeting of the Estates General? 78. Describe the voting process in the Estates General 79. When the third estate met apart from the general meeting, they renames themselves: 80. The Bastille was stormed primarily to 81. The Slogan of the French Revolution was 82. Describe the Great Fear 83. The National Assembly became the Legislative Assembly when 84. Name the three major groups of the Legislative Assembly 85. List three things The National Convention did 86. Louis XVI s was sentenced to death for what crime? 87. Robespierre took control of the government and became leader of the 88. The Primary Goal of the Robespierre s committee was to 89. How did Napoleon ascend to First Consul? 90. What was the goal of the Continental System s? 91. The time period Napoleon returned to France after escaping from Elba is known as 92. What was The Napoleonic Code? 93. What was the outcome of The Battle of Trafalgar? 94. Give three reasons which made the Invasion of Russia a huge mistake for Napoleon: 95. Napoleon s last military loss was

6 96. Describe three ways in which Napoleon changed the world: 97. Napoleon spent his final days in exile on the Island of: 98. The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers are located in present day: 99. The Religion of Islam has its roots in what present day country? 100. The Indus River is located in what present day country? 101. What was the enclosure movement? 102. Who is credited with improving the steam engine? 103. What six factors contributed to the start of the Industrial Revolution? 104. What was the method of production where items were produced in rural homes? 105. What industry was first impacted by the Industrial Revolution? 106. Who invented the paddle boat? 107. What country is the birthplace on the Industrial Revolution? 108. List four inventions (and their inventors) that helped improve the textile industry? 109. What two natural resources helped England lead the way in the Industrial Revolution? 110. What sources of transportation helped advance the Industrial Revolution?

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