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1 ARCHIVED - Archiving Content ARCHIVÉE - Contenu archivé Archived Content Contenu archivé Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. Please contact us to request a format other than those available. L information dont il est indiqué qu elle est archivée est fournie à des fins de référence, de recherche ou de tenue de documents. Elle n est pas assujettie aux normes Web du gouvernement du Canada et elle n a pas été modifiée ou mise à jour depuis son archivage. Pour obtenir cette information dans un autre format, veuillez communiquer avec nous. This document is archival in nature and is intended for those who wish to consult archival documents made available from the collection of Public Safety Canada. Some of these documents are available in only one official language. Translation, to be provided by Public Safety Canada, is available upon request. Le présent document a une valeur archivistique et fait partie des documents d archives rendus disponibles par Sécurité publique Canada à ceux qui souhaitent consulter ces documents issus de sa collection. Certains de ces documents ne sont disponibles que dans une langue officielle. Sécurité publique Canada fournira une traduction sur demande.

2 1+ Solicitor General Solliciteur général Canada Canada siesee Ge ebee'4g *ze e\ e we see eeeeee e do ceete. Canada Research and Statistics Group Groupe de la Recherche et de la statistiqu

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4 GC 22e $ ir of Canada du Canada MEMORANDUM NOTE DE SERVICE \ SECURITY - CLASSIFICATION - DE SECUFIITE. TO SELECT DISTRIBUTION OUR FILE/NOTRE REFERENCE r YOUR FILE/VOTRE REFEFIENCE FROM DE L_ Statistics Technician Statistics Division _J DATE September. 16, 1987 SUBJECT OBJET REVISED STATISTICAL MANUAL Here is a revised version of the Statistical Resource Manual. Please discard the old version excepting the dividers, and insert this one. Some of the revisions are: - Identifiers on all tables for easier referencing. - An Amendment Sheet to facilitate insertion of updated tables. - More data on Police and Parole. - A French version of the Manual. Tables have also been updated to include most recent data available. Your comments in the recent Evaluation Questionnaire were greatly appreciated, and where possible, your suggestions have been carried out.?ruvlat Iteee June Heath Att: Select Distribution John Evans Dorothy Hepworth Len Wevrick Gerry Woods Claude Rochon J.L. Cote H. Moore 1,/

5 e ev ' d'e ' STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL/// This manual contains the most frequently requested information regarding criminal justice statistics. We have compiled the information to assist secretariat employees in responding to such information requests. Tables will be updated whenever new data are available. Research and Statistics Group Programs Branch Ministry of the Solicitor General May, 1987

6 CLASS SCHEDULE HORAIRE DES COURS (..- TIME HEURE MON LUN. TUE. MAR. WED. MER. THU. JEU. FRI. VEN. - SAT. SAM.,- --- EXAMINATIONS EXAMENS DAY/JOUR DATE TIME/FIRE PLACE LIEU COURSE/COURS } 1 PROJECT-PROJETS DUE-DATE r } (NAME NOM _ ADDRESS ADRESSE SCHOOL COLE TELEPHONE TÉLÉPHONE CLASS CLASSE Fbriqué par RELIURE GaLM INC OuJO.

7 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL CONTENTS AMENDMENT SHEET SECTION I Uniform Crime Report Statistics - Canada SECTION II Uniform Crime Report Statistics by Province SECTION III Young Offenders SECTION IV Drug Offences SECTION V Population Tables A SECTION VI Women and Crime in Canada SECTION VII Canadian Urban Victimization Survey (1982) Victims of Crime Reported and Unreported Crimes Crime Prevention: Awareness and Practice SECTION VIII A. Personnel: (i) Secretariat, National Parole Board, Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and Correctional Service Canada (ii) Police Officers Murdered in the Line of Duty B. Costs of Criminal Justice SECTION IX Federal Correction Statistics - Correctional Service Canada (C.S.C.) A Admissions - Prison and Penitentiary Population Sentences on Admission Release Data SECTION X Traffic Offences GLOSSARY 1 NDEX

8 AMENDMENT SHEET TABLE NO. AMENDMENT DA TE DATE INSERTED TABLE NO. AMENDMENT DATE DATE INSERTED

9 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section I Uniform Crime Report Statistics Canada Tables 1.1 to 1.5 Actual Offences By Type in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 population, Canada Tables 2.1 to 2.5 Table 3 Table 3.1 Table 3.2 Table 4 Tables 5.1 to 5.5 Actual Violent Offences in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 Population By Type of Offence, Canada ( ). Homicide Offences as a percentage of Total Crimes of Violence and Total Criminal Code Offences, Canada Categories of Homicide Victims in Numbers and Rates, Canada Murder Offence Rates per 100,000 Population, Canada and the Provinces, Total Crimes of Violence as a Percentage of Criminal Code Offences, Canada Actual Property Offences in Numbers & Rates per 100,000 Population, By Type of Offence, Canada Table 6 Property Offences as a percentage of Total Criminal Code Offences, Canada Tables 7.1 to 7.8 Number of Adults and Juveniles charged by Major Offence, Canada

10 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section II Uniform Crime Report Statistics by Province Tables 8.1 to 8.12 Actual Violent Offences in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 Population, by Type of Offence. Tables 9.1 to 9.12 Homicide Offences, as a Percentage of Total Crimes of Violence and Total Criminal Code Offences. Tables 10.1 to Total Crimes of Violence as a Percentage of Criminal Code Offences. Tables 11.1 to Actual Property Offences in Numbers & Rates per 100,000 population, By Type of offence. Tables 12.1 to Property Offences as a percentage of Total Criminal Code Offences. Table 13 Murder Offence Rates per 100,000 population, Canada and the Provinces,

11 Section III Table 14 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Juvenile Delinquents Total Delinquencies (main categories) in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 Juveniles, Canada, Table 14.1 Number of Charges (Federal Statute Offences only) resulting in Findings of Delinquency by Nature of Disposition by Province, 1983 Tables 15.1 to 15.2 Tables 16.1 to 16.2 Delinquencies involving Violence By age of children in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 juveniles in each category, Canada Delinquencies against property by Age of Children in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 juveniles in each category Canada, II, Table 17 Juveniles dealt with by the Police, Violent and Property Offences in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 juveniles, Canada Table 18 Percentage Distribution by Age of Children brought to Court and of Children found delinquent, Canada

12 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section IV Drug Offences Tables 19.1 to 19.2 Actual Drug Offences By Type of Drug in Numbers & Rates per 100,000 Canadians. Canada Tables 20.1 to 20.2 Adults charged for Drug Offences, by Type of Drug in Numbers & Rates per 100,000 Adults Canada Tables 21.1 to 21.2 Juveniles dealt with for drug related delinquencies, by type of drug in Numbers and rates per 100,000 juveniles Canada

13 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section V Population Tables Table 22 Estimates of Population, Canada, Table 23 Estimates of Population, By Sex, Canada, Table 24 Estimates of Adult & Youth Population, Canada, Table 25 Estimates of Juvenile Population, Age 7 and pp, Canada, Tables 26.1 to 26.9 Estimates of Population: By Age and Province,

14 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section VI Women and Crime in Canada Table 27 Table 28 Table 29 Table 30 Table 31 Table 32 Table 33 Table 34 Table 35 Table 36 Table 37 Table 38 Table 39 Table 40 Persons Charged by Type of Legislative Offence Category and Sex, Females Charged with Selected Offences, Males Charged with Selected Offences, Males and Females Charged with Violent, Property and Other Offences, Females as a Proportion of Persons Charged with Violent, Property and Other Offences, Charging Rates for Selected Offences by Sex, Charging Rates for Violent, Property and Other Offences by Sex, Persons Charged with Selected Traffic Offences, Rates for Persans Charged with Selected Traffic Offences, Persons Charged with Prostitution - Related Offences, Relationship to Victim of Homicide Suspects by Sex, Method of Committing Homicide Offences by Sex, Women Admitted under Federal Sentence by Region of Admitting Institution, Ethnicity of Women Serving Federal Sentences in the Prison for Women and Provincial Institutions,

15 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section VI Women and Crime in Canada (Continued) Table 41 Table 42 Table 43 Table 44 Table 45 Table 46 Table 47 Table 48 Table 49 Table 50 Table 51 Table 52 Race and Language of Women Serving Federal Sentences in the Prison for Women and Provincial Institutions, Admissions to the Prison for Women and Provincial Institutions, Major Offence, Major Offence of Women on Register under Federal Sentence in the Prison for Women and Provincial Institutions, Admissions to the Prison for Women and Provincial Institutions - Length of Major Offence, Length of Aggregate Sentence of Women on Register under Federal Sentence in the Prison for Women, and Provincial Institutions Population on Register under Federal Sentence, Males and Females Admitted under Federal Sentence, Rates of Incarceration under Federal Sentence by Sex, Age of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Sex, Marital Status of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Sex, Major Offence of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Sex, Percent Distribution of Admissions for Violent, Property and Narcotics Offences by Sex

16 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section VI Women and Crime in Canada (Continued) Table 53 Table 54 Table 55 Table 56 Table 57 Table 58 Table 59 Length of Aggregate Sentence of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Sex, Percent Distribution of Aggregate Sentence Length, Of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Major Offence and Sex , Combined Number of Previous Federal Committals of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Sex, Number of Charges for Federal Inmates on Admission, Type of Release of Inmates Released under Federal Sentence by Sex, Proportion of Sentence Served Before Release on Full Parole by Female Federal Inmates, Time Served by Inmates Released under Federal Sentence by Sex,

17 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION VII CANADIAN URBAN VICTIMIZATION SURVEY (1982) A Victims of Crime Table 66 Reasons Table 67 Table 60 Incident Rates Table 61 Number of Incidents of Selected Types and Proportion Not Reported to Police Table 62 Incident Rates by Family Income, Rates per 1,000 Population Table 63 Incident Rates by Family Income, Rates per 1,000 Households Table 64 Incident Rates by Average Number of Evening Activities Outside the Home per month Table 65 Proportion of Unreported Incidents by Type of Crime in Seven Cities Given for Failure to Report Incident to the Police by Offence Category Reasons Given for Failure to Report Personal Violent Incidents by Type of Incident and by Sex of Victim

18 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION VII CANADIAN URBAN VICTIMIZATION SURVEY (1982) Reported and Unreported Crimes Table 68 Estimated Incidents in Seven Cities Table 69 Table 70 Table 71 Table 72 Table 73 Table 74 Table 75 Reasons Given by Victim for Failure to Report Incidents to the Police Percent of Incident Coming to Attention of the Police, By City Comparison of Types of Theft Economic Loss and Recovery for Incidents Involving any Loss, by Type of Crime Reporting of Break and Enter Incidents by Crime Characteristics Reporting of Robbery Incidents by Crime Characteristics Reporting of Assault Incidents by Crime Characteristics

19 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION VII CANADIAN URBAN VICTIMIZATION SURVEY (1982) C Crime Prevention: Awareness and Practice Table 76 Grouped Incident Rates by City Table 77 Estimated Incident Rates Table 78 Awareness of Crime Prevention Programs

20 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section VIII Personnel A Secretariat, National Parole Board, Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and Correctional Service Canada Table 79 Person Year Allocation by Agencies Table Table 79a 79b Number of Police, Number Murdered and Rate - Canada Categories of Homicide Victims in Numbers and Rates - Canada Costs of Criminal Justice Table 79.1 Table 79.2 Table 79.3 Table 79.4a Table 79.4b Table 79.5a Table 79.5b Table 79.6 Gross Expenditures on Policing by Level of Government, Gross Expenditures on Courts by Level of Government, Cross Expenditures on Corrections by Level of Government, Gross Expenditures on Criminal Justice by Level of Government, Current Dollars, Criminal Justice Expenditures on a Per Capita Basis, Current Dollars, Gross Expenditures on Criminal Justice by Level of Government, Constant Dollar, Criminal Justice Expenditures on a Per Capita Basis, Constant Dollars, Expenditures on Criminal Justice as a Percentage of Total Federal Government Expenditure, and Gross National Product, Current Dollars,

21 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION IX FEDERAL CORRECTION STATISTICS - CORRECTIONAL SERVICE CANADA (C.S.C.) A Admissions - Prison and Penitentiary Population Table 80 Persons Receiving Sentences of Two Years and More Admitted Io Federal and Provincial Institutions

22 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION IX FEDERAL CORRECTION STATISTICS - CORRECTIONAL SERVICE CANADA (C.S.C.) Sentences on Admission Table 81 Length of Aggregate Sentence of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence,

23 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION IX FEDERAL CORRECTION STATISTICS - CORRECTIONAL SERVICE CANADA (C.S.C.) Release Data Table 82 Table 82.1 Table 82.2 Table 82.3 Table 82.4 Type of Release of Inmates Released under Federal Sentence, Success Rates of Full Parole Release, Success Rates of Mandatory Supervision Releases, Parole Releases by Region Mandatory Supervision Releases by Region

24 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section X Tables 83.1 to 83.6 Traffic Offences Traffic Offences Reported to Police & Rate Per 100,000 Population Canada

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26 SECTION I. LAW ENFORCEMENT STATISTICS The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) Program was introduced in 1962 to improve the quality of information on crime and traffic enforcement activity in Canada. This data collection program is now administered by the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. Each police department across the country submits monthly statistics on the number of offences recorded under the Criminal Code, Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes and Municipal By-Laws. The statistics include the number of crimes reported or known to the police and the number of crimes that police later deemed to be "unfounded". The remaining number of "actual" crimes is further broken down to show the number which have been cleared by charge or cleared otherwise, the number of adults charged (male and female), and the number of juvenile offenders dealt with by the police. The UCR information provided by police departments is published annually by Statistics Canada in Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics (Catalogue #85-205). The complexity of the UCR data requires that it be interpreted carefully. This data set is designed as an indicator of incidents that become known to the police which they then record by the most serious offence in the incident. It does not reflect individual offences. Moreover, the charge(s) subsequently laid may be quite different than the most serious offence recorded but persons subsequently charged are recorded by the original offence category. For example, police investigating an altercation in a public tavern may initially record an incident as attempted murder but later lay a charge of assault causing bodily harm. The charge is recorded against the original offence recorded (i.e. attempted murder).

27 - 2- Because each incident is recorded only once by the most serious offence, many offences that become known to the police and many charges laid against an accused in multiple offence incidents will not be recorded. The scoring rules also differ by crime type such that one incident is counted for each victim in violent crimes, and each incident is counted once regardless of the number of victims involved in incidents where the most serious offence is a property crime. One incident may result in any number of persons subsequently being charged. e UCR data are further influenced by a variety of other factors apart from the actual incidence of criminal behaviour. As a measure of the level of crime, the most obvious limitation of these data is that they include only those incidents which are recorded as crimes by police. While these figures may adequately reflect the reporting of crime and the level of police recording or workload, they are not an accurate measurement of criminal behaviour per se. Those incidents which are unreported or once detected are diverted from official sanctions are, by definition, missing from the Uniform Crime Reports. UCR data are also directly affected by changing police enforcement practices and priorities and the way in which police report and record crimes that become known to them. A common observation is that police officers are generally more lenient in using official sanctions against female offenders than when men are involved. Recent changes in this practice may be partly responsible for apparent increases in the criminal activity of women relative to men as indicated by police statistics. In the absence of quality control or audit procedures, the effect of differences in recording practices from one jurisdiction to another or from one period of time to another cannot be determined.

28 SECTION 1. UNIFORM CRIME REPORT STATISTICS HOW MUCH CRIME IN CANADA? CRIME TRENDS (UCR) Most experts in criminal justice statistics have treated with caution the last twenty years of UCR (Uniform Crime Reporting) data, which have shown a steadily increasing crime rate. There are unresolved questions about reporting and counting practices for example, which cast doubt on the reliability of this information. Although caution must be exercised when using the UCR data as the sole indicator of crime rates in Canada, these statistics have been the main source of national information on the extent of reported crime. In the period, violent( 1 ) crime rates increased steadily. Violent crimes, however, remain a small proportion of the total criminal code offences (less than 10%). Property crime rates increased steadily from , but have decreased each year since then. In fact, property crime rates for 1985 are the same as they were for Property crimes account for around 66% of total criminal code offences. (1) We are using the expression violent crimes because of conventional usage. However, this is something of a misnomer given that many so-called violent crimes (e.g., armed robbery) result in no actual injury and many property crimes indeed involve violence even if directed only at property.

29 111, SECTION I TABLE 1.1 U.C.R. SUMMARY ACTUAL OFFENCES BY TYPE IN NUMBERS & RATES( 1 ), PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA, OFFENCE CATEGORY NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Total Violent Offences 41, , , Total Property Offences 351, , , Other Crimes 122, , , TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 514, , , Narcotic Control Act Food & Drug Act Other Federal Statutes 30, , , TOTAL FEDERAL STATUTES 31, , , PROVINCIAL STATUTES 195, , , MUNICIPAL BY-LAWS 54, , , ALL OFFENCES 796, , , (1) All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics" annual catalogue prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. Updated April, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

30 SECTION I TABLE 1.2 ACTUAL OFFENCES BY TYPE IN NUMBERS & RATES( 1 ), PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA, U.C.R. SUMMARY OFFENCE CATEFOGY NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RAFE NO. RATE NO. RAFE Total Violent Offences 58, , , , , Total Property Offences 410, , , , , Other Crimes 158, , , , , TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 628, , , , , Narcotic Control Act , , , , Food & Drug Act , Other Federal Statutes 29, , , , , TOTAL FEDERAL STATUTES 30, , , , , PROVINCIAL STATUTES 271, , , , , MUNICIPAL BY4AWS 58, , , ,, , ALL OFFENCES 989, ,094, ,188, ,333, ,468, (1) All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Fraffic Enforcement Statistics" annual catalogue # prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

31 SECTION I TABLE 1.3 U.C.R. SUMMARY ACTUAL OFFENCES BY TYPE IN NUMBERS & RATES( 1 ), PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA, OFFENCE CATEGORY NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Total Violent Offences 102, , , , , Total Property Offences 748,519 3, ,379 3, ,468 3, ,329 3, ,793 4,218.0 Other Crimes 261,806 1, ,737 1, ,955 1, ,845 1, ,039 1,710.9 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 1,112,686 5, ,169,211 5, ,192,891 5, ,302,938 5, ,456,885 6,490.5 Narcotic Control Act 14, , , , , Food & Drug Act 4, , , , , Other Federal Statutes 36, , , , , TOTAL FEDERAL STATUTES 55, , , , , PROVINCIAL STATUTES 335,788 1, ,771 1, ,250 1, ,120 1, ,716 1,642.7 MUNICIPAL BY-LAWS 73, , , , , ALL OFFENCES 1,576,843 7, ,651,571 7, ,653,316 7, ,813,918 8, ,009,886 8,954.1 (1) All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics" annual catalogue # prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

32 SECTION I TABLE 1.4 U.C.R. SUMMARY ACTUAL OFFENCES BY TYPE IN NUMBERS & RATES( 1 ), PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA, OFFENCE CATEGORY NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Total Violent Offences 135, , , , , Total Property Offences 1,041, ,062, ,059, ,097, ,186, Other Crimes 409, , , , , TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 1,585, ,637, ,654, ,714, ,855, Narcotic Control Act 50, , , , , Food & Drug Act 5, , , , , Other Federal Statutes 44, , , , , TOTAL FEDERAL STATUTES 100, , , , , PROVINCIAL STATUTES 381, , , , , MUNICIPAL BY-LAWS 64, , , , , ALL OFFENCES 2,132, ,182, ,226, ,305, ,485, (1) All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics" annual catalogue # prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue

33 U.C.R. SECTION I TABLE 1.5 SUMMARY ACTUAL OFFENCES BY TYPE IN NUMBERS & RATES(), PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA, OFFENCE CATEGORY NO. RAFE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Total Violent Offences 155, , , , , , Fotal Property Offences 1,334, ,429, ,466, ,422, ,408, ,408, Other Crimes 554, , , , , , TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 2,045, ,168, ,203, ,148, ,147, ,174, Narcotic Control Act 69, , , , , , Food & Drug Act 4, , , , , , Other Federal Statutes 45, , , , , , TOTAL FEDERAL STATUTES 119, , , , , , PROVINCIAL STATUTES 452, , , , , , MUNICIPAL BY-LAWS 74, , , , , , ALL OFFENCES 2,692, ,850, ,838, ,748, ,713, ,724, (1) All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics" annual catalogue # prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals due to rounding. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

34 U.C.R. VIOLENT SECTION I TABLE 2.1 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE CANADA TYPE OF OFFENCE No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate Murder Manslaughter Infanticide n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Homicide Total Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences 6, , , , , Wounding 1, , Other Assaults 27, , , , , Robbery 4, , , , , Total Crimes of Violence 41, , , , , (1) Murder offences include all offences of capital and non capital murder prior to 1976, and first and second degree murder after All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", Annual Catalogue # prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #

35 U.C.R. VIOLENT SECTION I TABLE 2.2 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE CANADA TYPE OF OFFENCE No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate Murder Manslaughter Infanticide n/a n/a n/a n/a Homicide Total Attempted Murder Rape 1, , , , , Other Sexual Offences 9, , , , , Wounding 1, , , , , Other Assaults 85, , , , , Robbery 11, , , , , Total Crimes of Violence 110, , , , , (1) Murder offences include all offences of capital and non capital murder prior to 1976, and first and second degree murder after All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", Annual Catalogue # prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #

36 U.C.R. VIOLENT SECTION I TABLE 2.3 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE CANADA TYPE OF OFFENCE No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate Murder Manslaughter Infanticide n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Homicide Total Attempted Murder Rape , , , Other Sexual Offences 8, , , , , Wounding 1, , , , , Other Assaults 59, , , , , Robbery 7, , , , , Total Crimes of Violence 77, , , , , (1) Murder offences include all offences of capital and non capital murder prior to 1976, and first and second degree murder after All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", Annual Catalogue # prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #

37 U.C.R. SECTION I TABLE 2.4 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFEACE CANADA VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate Murder( 1 ) Manslaughter Infanticide Homicide Total Attempted Murder Rape 1, , , , , Other Sexual Offences 9, , , , , Wounding 2, , , , , Other Assaults 101, , , , , Robbery 19, , , , , Total Crimes of Violence 135, , , , , (1) Murder offences include all offences of capital and non capital murder prior to 1976, and first and second degree murder after All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", Annual Catalogue # prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over only. - Amount to small to be expressed. Updated November, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffice Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #

38 U.C.R. SECTION I TABLE 2.5 VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS Er RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, TYPE OF OFFENCE No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate Murder( 1 ) Manslaughter Infanticide Homicide Total I Attempted Murder Sexual Assault( 2 ) 2, , , , Other Sexual Offences 11, , , , Assault( 3 ) 2, , , , Robbery 123, , , , Abduction 27, Other Violent Crimes( 4 ) 1,572 6 Not. app Total Crimes of Violence 1168, , ii 179, , (1)Murder offences include all offences of capital and non capital murder prior to 1976, and first and second degree murder after (2) UCR data categorization reflects the January 1983 amendment to the Criminal Code in which 3 levels of sexual assault were introduced to replace Rape i.e., Aggravated 3. Sexual Assault, Sexual Assault with weapon and Sexual Assault. (3) Includes Assault Level 1, Assault with Weapon Causing Bodily Harm; Level 2, Aggravated Assault; Level 3, Unlawfully Causing Bodily Harm, Discharge Firearm with Intent, Police, Other Peace-Public Officers, Other Assaults. (4)Includes Sexual and Assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Amount too small to be expressed. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Homicide in Canada, annual, Catalogue #85-209

39 SECTION I TABLE 3 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE, AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, CANADA, U.C.R. HOMICIDE TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE CRIMES TOTAL AS A PERCENT AS A PERCENT YEAR OF CRIMINAL OF TOTAL OF TOTAL HOMICIDE VIOLENCE CODE CRIMES OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES OFFENCES VIOLENCE CODE OFFENCES , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,361 1,112, ,095 1,169, ,468 1,192, ,764 1,302, ,053 1,456, ,424 1,585, ,935 1,637, ,745 1,654, ,972 1,714, ,528 1,855, ,864 2,045, ,228 2,168, ,646 2,203, ,315 2,148, ,397 2,147, ,822 2,174, Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree (known as Capital and Non Capital Murder prior to 1976), Manslaughter and Infanticide. Total Crimes of Violence include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, Robbery and Abduction included in Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue

40 U.C.R. HOMICIDE SECTION I TABLE 3.1 CATEGORIES OF HOMICIDE VICTIMS IN NUMBERS AND RATES, CANADA VICTIMS KILLED (1) (1) (2) DURING THE POLICE OFFICERS YEAR COMMISSION KILLED IN THE OF A CRIMINAL ACT LINE OF DUTY TOTAL HOMICIDES RATE PER RATE PER RATE PER 100, , ,000 NO. POPULATION NO. POLICE NO. POPULATION * ** N/A - 6( 3 ) N/A - 4( 3 ) N/A N/A - * Year of last execution. ** Year of abolition of capital punishment. Updated March, 1987 Source: (1) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Homicide in Canada, Catalogue (2) Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics Catalogue (3) - Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police Bill C-84, an Act to amend the Criminal Code in Relation to the Punishment for Murder and certain other serious offences was passed in July 76. According to this Bill four forms of homicide now constitute first degree murder: planned and deliberate murders, murder of a police or custodial officer who is killed in the line of duty, murder committed in the course of certain criminal acts (hijacking, kidnapping, or sexual offences) or murder committed by a person that has been previously convicted of first or second degree murder. All other murder is second degree.

41 UCR HOMICIDE PROVINCE SECTION I TABLE 3.2 MURDER OFFENCE RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA AND THE PROVINCES, PROVINCE Newfoundland Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia CANADA PROVINCE Newfoundland Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia New Brunswick ' Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia CANADA Murder includes capital and non-capital murder prior to 1976 and first degree and second degree murder after All rates in this table are calculated for 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual catalogue # prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. - Indicates too few to calculate. Updated April, 1987 Source: 1. Statistics Canada - Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, - Annual, catalogue # Statistics Canada - Homicide in Canada - Annual Catalogue

42 U.C.R. VIOLENT SECTION I TABLE 4 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, CANADA, VIOLENT AS A TOTAL TOTAL PERCENTAGE YEAR CRIMES OF CRIMINAL ALL OF TOTAL VIOLENCE CODE OFFENCES CRIMINAL OFFENCES CODE OFFENCES , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,809 1,094, , ,568 1,188, , ,983 1,333, , ,661 1,468, ,361 1,112,686 1,576, ,095 1,169,211 1,651, ,468 1,192,891 1,653, ,764 1,302,938 1,813, ,053 1,456,885 2,009, ,424 1,585,805 2,132, ,935 1,637,704 2,182, ,745 1,654,020 2,226, ,972 1,714,297 2,305, ,528 1,855,271 2,485, ,864 2,045,399 2,692, ,228 2,168,201 2,850, ,646 2,203,668 2,838, ,315 2,148,633 2,748, ,397 2,147,697 2,713, ,822 2,174,175 2,724, Total Crimes of Violence include: Total Property Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), Robbery and Abduction included in Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue

43 U.C.R. PROPERTY SECTION I TABLE 5.1 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 82, , , Theft Motor Vehicle 33, , , Theft Over $200( 1 ) 59, , , Theft $200 and Under( 1 ) 141, , , Possession of Stolen Goods 4, , , Frauds 30, , , TOTAL PROPERTY 351, , , (1) Prior to 1971 theft was classified as theft over $50 or theft of $50 or less. From 1972 on theft was classified as theft over $200 or theft of $200 or less. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual, catalogue # prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals, due to rounding. Updated April, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #

44 SECTION I TABLE 5.2 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, U.C.R. PROPERTY TYPE OF OFFENCES NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 96, , , , , Theft Motor Vehicle 38, , , , , Theft Over $200( 1 ) 67, , , , , Theft $200 and Under( 1 ) 169, , , , , Possession of Stolen Goods 5, , , , , Frauds 32, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 410, , , , , (1) Prior to 1971 theft was classified as theft over $50 or theft of $50 or less. From 1972 on theft was classified as theft over $200 or theft of $200 or less. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual, catalogue prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals, due to rounding. Updated April, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annuel, Catalogue #

45 SECTION I TABLE 5.3 U.C.R. PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 177, , , , ,362 1,039.6 Theft Motor Vehicle 62, , , , , Theft Over $200( 1 ) 150, , , , , Theft $200 and Under( 1 ) 278,765 1, ,110 1, ,202 1, ,591 1, ,192 2,045.7 Possession of Stolen Goods 11, , , , , Frauds 67, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 748,519 3, ,379 3, ,468 3, ,329 3, ,793 4,218.0 (1) Prior to 1971 theft was classified as theft over $50 or theft of $50 or less. From 1972 on theft was classified as theft over $200 or theft of $200 or less. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual, catalogue prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals, due to rounding. Updated April, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue

46 SECTION I TABLE 5.4 U.C.R. PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 260,652 1, ,332 1, ,659 1, ,480 1, ,437 1,248.3 Theft Motor Vehicle 90, , , , , Theft Over $200( 1 ) 94, , , , , Theft $200 and Under( 1 ) 492,372 2, ,662 2, ,821 2, ,336 2, ,184 2,173.7 Possession of Stolen Goods 16, , , , , Frauds 86, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 1,041,036 4, ,062,952 4, ,059,688 4, ,097,242 4, ,186,697 4,997.2 (1) Prior to 1971 theft was classified as theft over $50 or theft of $50 or less. From 1972 on theft was classified as theft over $200 or theft of $200 or less. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual, catalogue # prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals, due to rounding. Updated April, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue

47 SECTION I TABLE 5.5 U.C.R. PROPERTY ACTUAL FROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 349,694 1, ,250 1, ,882 1, ,376 1, ,912 1, ,744 1,407 Theft Motor Vehicle 93, , , , , , Theft Over $200( 1 ) 224, ,288 1, ,261 1, ,973 1, ,556 1, ,969 1,218 Theft $200 and Under( 1 ) 539,490 2, ,827 2, ,556 2, ,229 2, ,485 2, ,928 2,023 Possession of Stolen Goods 24, , , , , , Frauds 102, , , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 1,334,619 5, ,429,520 5, ,466,923 5, ,422,703 5,716 1,408,663 5,607 1,408,717 5,555 Prior to 1971 theft was classified as theft over $50 or theft of $50 or less. From 1972 on theft was classified as theft over $200 or theft of $200 or less. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual, catalogue prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals, due to rounding. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue 1/

48 SECTION I TABLE 6 PROPERTY CFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, CANADA, U.C.R. PROPERTY PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL OF CRIMINAL PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,809 1,094, , ,568 1,188, , ,983 1,333, , ,661 1,468, ,519 1,112,686 1,576, ,379 1,169,211 1,651, ,468 1,192,891 1,653, ,329 1,302,938 1,813, ,793 1,456,885 2,009, ,041,036 1,585,805 2,132, ,062,952 1,637,704 2,182, ,059,688 1,654,020 2,226, ,097,242 1,714,297 2,305, ,186,697 1,855,271 2,485, ,334,619 2,045,399 2,692, ,429,520 2,168,201 2,850, ,466,923 2,203,668 2,838, ,422,703 2,148,633 2,748, ,408,663 2,147,697 2,713, ,408,717 2,174,175 2,724, Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, 'Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Violent offences, All Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) All Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

49 SECTION I TABLE 7.1 NIMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED 1962 TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 18,824 55,365 45, , ,506 23, ,073 39, ,413 Males Charged 17,980 51,552 41, , ,670 21, ,890 36, ,893 Females Charged 844 3,813 4,537 9, ,836 1,996 13,183 3,147 27,520 JUVENILES CHARGED 1,310 20,240 4,763 26, ,447 1,337 31, TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 20,041 58,677 47, , ,616 19, ,833 42, ,108 Males Charged 19,083 53,739 42, , , ,259 38, ,295 Females Charged 958 4,938 4,462 10, ,110 1,287 15,574 3,594 30,813 JUVENILES CHARGED 1,462 23,537 5,683 30, ,974 1,571 37, TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 22,598 59,228 55, , ,118 21, ,242 32, ,096 Males Charged 21,578 53,398 49, , ,886 20, ,541 30, ,475 Females Charged 1,020 5,830 5,839 12, ,232 1,403 16,701 2,828 33,621 JUVENILES CHARGED 1,609 27,216 7,784 36, ,546 1,550 6,226 1,079 45,464 (1) From figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

50 U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED SECTION I TABLE 7.2 N IMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 23,554 58,670 51, , ,438 21, ,413 39, ,284 Males Charged 22,378 52,357 45, , ,142 19, ,438 35, ,133 Females Charged 1,176 6,313 5,314 12, ,296 1,527 18,975 3,846 37,151 JUVENILES CHARGED 1,774 27,545 8,273 37, ,388 1,395 8,826 1,897 49, TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 26,176 62,102 54, , ,495 26, ,713 43, ,023 Males Charged 24,806 55,028 49, , ,593 24, ,517 38, ,449 Females Charged 1,370 7,074 5,510 13, ,902 2,087 19,196 4,337 39, JUVENILES CHARGED I 2,070 29,152 8,497 39, ,258 1,265 9,130 2,842 52,956 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED I 27,558 65,766 57, ,189 1, ,779 26, ,686 47, ,992 Males Charged 26,296 57,766 52, ,086 1, ,888 24, ,304 41, ,402 Females Charged 1,262 8,000 5,841 15, ,891 2,272 19,382 5,833 42,590 JUVENILES CHARGED! 2,213 32,187 9,292 43, ,289 1,422 8,881 2,376 56,371 (1) From figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

51 U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED SECTION I TABLE 7.3 NUMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 29,702 74,775 61, ,612 2, ,847 29, ,697 49, ,035 Males Charged 28,154 66,594 55, ,932 2, ,193 27, ,323 44, ,372 Females Charged 1,548 8,181 5,951 15, ,654 2,124 16,374 5,485 39,663 JUVENILES CHARGED 2,831 38,314 11,045 52, ,779 2,084 9,126 2,729 66, TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 31,413 83,746 61, ,061 4, ,147 35, ,982 45, ,026 Males Charged 29,783 73,758 55, ,497 4, ,370 33, ,711 39, ,996 Females Charged 1,630 9,988 5,946 17, ,777 2,437 16,271 5,758 42,030 JUVENILES CHARGED 2,796 40,467 7,933 51, ,550 2,325 6,013 1,945 61, TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 34,224 97,893 64, ,433 9,822 2,570 20,349 32, ,455 43, ,288 Males Charged 32,287 84,731 58, ,050 8,596 2,277 19,289 30, ,954 38, ,434 Females Charged 1,937 13,162 6,284 21,383 1, ,060 2,579 15,501 5,391 44,854 JUVENILES CHARGED 2,990 41,266 7,900 52, ,108 2,178 7,165 1,475 62,974 (1) From figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue

52 U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED SECTION I TABLE 7.4 NUMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 35, ,589 64, ,243 12,597 2,532 20,853 35, ,164 41, ,196 Males Charged 33,644 88,897 57, ,469 11,217 2,282 19,669 33, ,955 36, ,113 Females Charged 2,214 15,692 6,868 24,774 1, ,184 2,814 15,209 5,286 48,083 JUVENILES CHARGED 2,898 43,244 8,064 54,206 1, ,044 2,312 8,860 1,345 66, TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 36, ,829 70, ,091 19,052 3,217 20,118 42, ,874 39, ,213 Males Charged 34,189 90,290 63, ,800 16,709 2,796 18,960 38, ,450 35, ,048 Females Charged 2,466 17,539 7,286 27,291 2, ,158 3,922 13,424 4,528 49,165 JUVENILES CHARGED 2,839 42,001 7,479 52, ,021 2,081 9,474 1,241 65, TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 40, ,470 86, ,104 38,798 4,595 20,244 63, ,161 35, ,889 Males Charged 37,312 93,100 75, ,388 34,220 3,941 19,086 57, ,162 31, ,443 Females Charged 3,059 19,370 10,287 32,716 4, ,158 6,390 14,999 4,341 58,446 JUVENILES CHARGED 3,150 46,704 8,451 58,305 2, ,124 3,607 10,958 1,115 73,985 (1) From figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

53 U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED SECTION I TABLE 7.5 NUMBER OF AOULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 41, ,174 86, ,100 43,876 3,757 20,697 68, ,365 28, ,675 Males Charged 38, ,059 77, ,025 39,544 3,278 19,171 61, ,509 25, ,112 Females Charged 3,140 22,115 9,820 35,075 4, ,526 6,337 15,856 3, ,563 JUVENILES CHARGED 3,436 51,151 9,446 64,033 2, ,683 4,580 11,065 1,426 81, TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 42, ,408 92, ,887 40,341 3,601 19,967 63, ,340 26, ,536 Males Charged 39, ,469 82, ,462 36,512 3,138 18,417 58, ,803 23, ,772 Females Charged 3,455 24,939 10,031 38,425 3, ,550 5,842 17,537 2,960 64,764 JUVENILES CHARGED 3,752 57,617 9,843 71,212 2, ,572 4,145 11,817 1,617 88, TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 44, , , ,630 50,801 2,241 22,883 75, ,870 26, ,705 Males Charged 40, ,045 91, ,380 45,862 1,933 20,768 68, ,870 22, ,569 Females Charged 3,739 28,538 10,973 43,250 4, ,115 7,362 16,000 3,524 70,136 JUVENILES CHARGED 3,824 57,251 10,045 71,120 2, ,857 4,672 12,058 1,023 88,873 (1) From figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue

54 SECTION I TABLE 7.6 NUMBER OF ADULTS AND JJVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED 1977 TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERFY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACE DRUG ACF STATUTES STAEUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 45, , , ,795 53,138 2,110 28,749 83, ,990 26, ,471 Males Charged 41, , , ,687 48,043 1,850 26,253 76, ,778 23, ,611 Females Charged 3,905 28,479 11,724 44,108 5, ,496 7,851 18,212 3,689 73,860 JUVENILES CHARGED 4,155 55,424 9,974 69,553 2, ,697 4,448 12,581 1,035 87, TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 47, , , ,269 46,660 2,215 31,755 80, ,285 25, ,927 Males Charged 43, , , ,263 41,877 1,900 28,736 72, ,165 21, ,923 Females Charged 4,109 33,239 11,658 49,006 4, ,019 8,117 19,120 3,761 80,004 JUVENILES CHARGED 4,089 56,360 9,943 70,392 2, ,901 4,366 11, , TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 49, , , ,081 49,247 3,428 21,296 73, ,761 27, ,897 Males Charged 44, , , ,930 44,539 2,984 18,999 66, ,497 22, ,726 Females Charged 4,423 36,014 11,714 52,151 4, ,297 7,449 23,264 4,307 87,171 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 11, ,680 37, ,150 3, ,807 6,789 23,724 2, ,825 (1) From figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. not charged. From 1979 on figures Include all juvenile offenders charged and Updated April 1985 A person who is simultaneously charged with more than one offence is counted only once against the most serious offence, even if the offence occurred in more than one incident. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

55 SECTION I TABLE 7.7 U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED NUMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, TOFAL NARCOFIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERrY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD ec FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG Acr STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 52, , , ,267 55,590 3,641 16,975 76, ,641 27, ,870 Males Charged 47, , , ,859 50,141 3,157 14,722 68, ,843 23, ,356 Females Charged 4,925 38,653 12,830 56,408 5, ,253 8,186 27,798 4,122 96,514 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 11, ,293 35, ,428 4, ,457 6,949 21,666 2, , TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 53, , , ,523 55,879 3,122 17,533 76, ,249 32, ,418 Males Charged 48, , , ,720 50,620 2,715 15,166 68, ,741 27, ,125 Females Charged 5,118 41,414 13,271 59,803 5, ,367 8,033 28,508 4, ,293 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 9, ,827 34, ,192 3, ,166 6,034 22,182 2, , TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 53, , , ,839 40,487 2,535 15,718 58, ,073 31, ,305 Males Charged 48, , , ,882 36,273 2,225 13,571 52, ,187 26, ,407 Females Charged 5,277 42,940 11,740 59,957 4, ,147 6,671 27,886 5,384 99,898 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 9, ,232 31, ,132 2, ,649 4,347 19,698 2, ,942 (1) From figures for Juveniles include boys a nd girls charged only. not charged. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and Updated April 1985 A person who is simultaneously charged with more than one offence is counted only once against the most serious offence, even if the offence occurred in more than one incident. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

56 U.C.R. SECTION I TABLE 7.8 PERSONS CHARGED NIMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 64, , , ,815 37,882 2,686 15,169 55, ,030 28, ,320 Males Charged 58, , , ,793 33,726 2,348 12,989 49, ,968 24, ,892 Females Charged 6,370 43,858 12,794 63,022 4, ,180 6,674 28,062 4, ,428 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 9, ,595 33, ,413 2, ,612 4,128 20,116 2, , TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 68, , , ,903 36,505 1,910 10,708 49, ,125 29, ,390 Males Charged 61, , , ,902 32,836 1,671 9,171 43, ,429 24, ,845 Females Charged 6,613 43,734 12,654 63,001 3, ,537 5.,445 25,696 4,403 98,545 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 9,428 90,897 28, ,447 2, ,078 3,513 13,595 3, , TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 71, , , ,290 I 35,437 1,816 7,903 45, ,278 26, ,021 Males Charged 64, ,554 99, ,621 31,701 1,604 6,950 40, ,493 21, ,149 Females Charged 6,971 41,532 12,166 60,669 3, ,901 22,785 4,517 92,872 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 12, ,449 36, ,609 4, ,105 5,395 23,777 3, ,958 (1) From figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated November 1986 A person who is simultaneously charged with more than one offence is counted only once against the most serious offence, even if the offence occurred in more than one incident. Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

57 cf) C r P r) rt. e. e lc (II I I

58 SECTION II TABLE 8.1 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEWFOUNDLAND, U.C.R. - NFLD. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE I - 4 I Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences Wounding Other Assaults 2, , , , , Robbery TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 2, , I 2, I 2, , Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

59 U.C.R. - NFLD. SECTION II TABLE 8.1 (Continued) VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEWFOUNDLAND, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter _ Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences :I 263* 44 :I 280* 49 I Wounding Other Assaults :I 3,121* 541 :I 3,126* 540 -I 3, Robbery Abduction Other Crime Offences 5** 1 Not app. - Not. app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 3,483 I 603 3,527 I 609 3, Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue

60 ACTUAL SECTION II TABLE 8.2 VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, U.C.R. - P.E.I. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences Wounding Other Assaults Robbery TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 420 I Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #

61 SECTION II TABLE 8.2 (Continued) ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION,.BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, U.C.R. - P.E.I. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences * '45 --I 120* Wounding Other Assaults 3 465* 375 I 525* 417 I Robbery Abduction Other Crime Offences 0** 0 Not app. - Not. app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 548 I I Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

62 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE N.S. - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NOVA SCOTIA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE I Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences Wounding Other Assaults 3, , , , , Robbery TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 4, , , , , Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #

63 U.C.R. SECTION 8.3 (Continued) ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NOVA SCOTIA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter _ Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE 13 I 2 15 I 2 26 I 3 Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences Wounding =I 371* * 74 :I Other Assaults -I 4,273* 497 :I 4,079* 468 I 4, Robbery Abduction Other Crime Offences 13** 2 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 5, ,161 I 592 5,203 I 591 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

64 SECTION II TABLE 8.4 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS Er RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEW BRUNSWICK, U.C.R. - N.B. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences Wounding Other Assaults 2, , , , , Robbery TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 3,014 I I 3, I 3, , 3, I 3, Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #

65 SECTION II TABLE 8.4 (Continued) U.C.R. - N.B. - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEW BRUNSWICK, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter _ Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE I 2 Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences :I 271* 39 :I 315* 44 :I Wounding -t Other Assaults I 3,369* 476 :I 3,465* 486 :I 3, Robbery Abduction Other Crime Offences 30** 4 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 3,888 I 550 3, , Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

66 SECTION II TABLE 8.5 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, QUEBEC, U.C.R. - QUE. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter _ 9 _ Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE 179 I Attempted Murder Other Sexual Offences 2, , , , , Wounding Other Assaults 12, , , , , Robbery 9, , , , , TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 25, , , , , Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #

67 ACTUAL I lle U.C.R. - SECTION II BLE 8.5 (Continued) -11PENT VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, QUEBEC, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences :1 2,948* 45 :1 3,348* 52 I 3, Wounding Other Assaults :1 16,246* 250 :1 17,875* 273 I 19, Robbery 10, , , Abduction Other Crime Offences 195** 3 Not. app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 30, , , Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

68 SECTION II TABLE 8.6 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ONTARIO, U.C.R. - ONT. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter _ Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences 3, , , , , Wounding Other Assaults 42, , , , , Robbery 4: , , , , TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 52,448 I I 53,447 I ,436 I I 55, I 57,046 I Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #

69 U.C.R. - ONT. SECTION II TABLE 8.6 (Continued) - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ONTARIO, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE I 2 Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences 14,810* 55 II Wounding 6,097* , Other Assaults 11 48,947* 554 1, * , Robbery 5, , , Abduction Other Crime Offences 803** 9 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 61,088 I 693 I 62, , Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

70 SECTION II TABLE 8.7 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, MANITOBA, U.C.R. - MAN. VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE I I Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences Wounding Other Assaults 4, , , , , Robbery , TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 5, ,638 I ,807 I I 6,571 I , Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #

71 U.C.R. - MAN. SECTION II TABLE 8.7 (Continued) VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, MANITOBA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE I Attempted Murder Rape -t Other Sexual Offences I 815* 78 1,053* 100 :I 1, Wounding Other Assaults :I 6,937* 662 7,654* , Robbery 1, , Abduction Other Crime Offences 41** 4 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 9, , I 10,635 I 994 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in * * Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

72 SECTION II TABLE 8.8 U.C.R. - SASK. - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, SASKATCHEWAN, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE I Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences Wounding Other Assaults 4, , , , , Robbery TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 5, , i 5, , , Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #

73 Ill, 411, Ill, SECTION II TABLE 8.8 (Continued) ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, SASKATCHEWAN, U.C.R. - SASK. VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences :I 584* 59 :I 621* 60 :I Wounding Other Assaults Il 5,748* 579 :I 6,424* 638 :I 6, Robbery Abduction Other Crime Offences 27** 3 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 6, ,835! 777 8, Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue

74 SECTION II TABLE 8.9 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFEACES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ALBERTA, U.C.R. - ALTA. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE 84 I I Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences 1, , , , Wounding Other Assaults 12, , , , , Robbery 1: , , , , TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 15, ,756 I ,085 I I 18, , Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #

75 SECTION II TABLE 8.9 (Continued) ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ALBERTA, U.C.R. - ALTA. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences 1,874* 79 Wounding I 2,606* 110 :1 3, :14,701* 629 :1 15, Robbery 2, , , Other Assaults 14,916* 635 Abduction Other Crime Offences 223** 9 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 19, ,245 I 822 I 20, Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

76 U.C.R. - B.C. - VIOLENT SECTION II TABLE 8.10 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, BRITISH COLUMBIA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter _ 10 _ Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences 1, , , , , Wounding Other Assaults 17, , , , , Robbery 2, , , , , TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 22, , , , , Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #

77 SECTION II TABLE 8.10 (Continued) ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, BRITISH COLUMBIA, U.C.R. - B.C. -VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences Wounding :I 2,680* 95 I 3,263* 114 :I 3, Other Assaults :I 23,017* 815 I 24,518* 856 I 25, Robbery 3, , , Abduction Other Crime Offences 231** 8 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 29,690 1,051 31,374 1,095 32,856 1,136 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

78 SECTION II TABLE 8.11 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, YUKON, U.C.R. - YUKON - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Mùrder Rape Other Sexual Offences Wounding Other Assaults Robbery TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #

79 U.C.R. - YUKON SECTION II TABLE 8.11 (Continued) - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, YUKON, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences :1 42* 188 J. 44* 200 :I Wounding t Other Assaults -] 486* I 2* 63 2,874 I 763 3,317 Robbery Abduction Other Crime Offences 0** 0 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE ,205 I 854 3,713 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

80 SECTION II TABLE 8.12 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, U.C.R. - N.W.T. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences Wounding Other Assaults 1, , , , , Robbery TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 1, , , , , Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due fo the proclamation of Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue

81 SECTION II TABLE 8.12 (Continued) U.C.R. - N.W.T. - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder Manslaughter Infanticide TOTAL HOMICIDE I Attempted Murder Rape Other Sexual Offences :I 158* 36 I 134* I Wounding Other Assaults :I 1,809* 3738 I 1,909* 3,818 :I 1,940 3,804 Robbery Abduction Other Crime Offences 4** 8 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 2, ,083 I4,166 2,187 4,288 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated November 1986 Source: StatistiCs Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

82 U.C.R. - NFLD. - HOMICIDE SECTION II TABLE 9.1 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEWFOUNDLAND, TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES Total ,609 27, ,543 29, ,611 29, ,776 33, ,305 35, ,483 35, ,527 34, ,531 30, Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

83 SECTION II TABLE 9.2 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, U.C.R. - P.E.I. - HOMICIDE TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES Total , , , , , , , , Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

84 U.C.R. - N.S. - HOMICIDE SECTION II TABLE 9.3 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL COW OFFENCES, NOVA SCOTIA, TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES Homicide ,401 49, ,437 55, ,742 57, ,793 62, ,914 64, ,115 61, ,161 61, ,203 63, Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Total Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

85 U.C.R. - N.B. - HOMICIDE SECTION II TABLE 9.4 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEW BRUNSWICK, TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES Homicide ,014 34, ,383 41, ,222 43, ,364 46, ,635 48, ,888 48, ,976 46, ,922 47, Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Total Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Mot Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

86 U.C.R. - QUE. - HOMICIDE SECTION II TABLE 9.5 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, QUEBEC, TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES Homicide , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Total Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

87 SECTION II TABLE 9.6 U.C.R. - ONT. - HOMICIDE HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ONTARIO, TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Total Crimes of Violence include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

88 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 9.7 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, MANITOBA, MAN. - HOMICIDE TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES ,858 82, ,638 83, ,807 95, , , , , , , , , , , Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

89 SECTION II TABLE 9.8 U.C.R. - SASK. - HOMICIDE HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, SASKATCHEWAN, TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES ,618 71, ,816 69, ,846 75, ,084 86, ,287 90, ,927 93, , , , , Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

90 SECTION II TABLE 9.9 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ALBERTA, U.C.R. - ALTA. - HOMICIDE TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

91 SECTION II TABLE 9.10 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, BRITISH COLUMBIA, U.C.R. - B.C. - HOMICIDE TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

92 SECTION II TABLE 9.11 U.C.R. - YUKON - HOMICIDE HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, YUKON, TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES , , , , , , , , Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

93 SECTION II TABLE 9.12 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, U.C.R. - N.W.T. - HOMICIDE TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES ,620 8, ,667 8, ,445 8, ,466 8, ,690 9, ,011 9, ,083 10, ,187 10, Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

94 U.C.R. - NFLD. - VIOLENT SECTION II TABLE 10.1 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEWFOUNDLAND, TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE ,609 27,138 36, ,543 29,686 39, ,611 29,616 40, ,776 33,810 45, ,305 35,626 45, ,483 35,150 44, ,527 34,303 44, ,531 30,605 42, Total Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

95 U.C.R. P.E.I. - VIOLENT SECTION II TABLE 10.2 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total ,849 11, ,444 11, ,689 11, ,171 11, ,548 11, ,993 12, ,507 12, ,517 12, Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, 7 Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

96 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 10.3 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NOVA SCOTIA, N.S. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total Crimes of Violence include: ,401 49,942 85, ,437 55,020 94, ,742 57,355 97, ,793 62, , ,914 64, , ,115 61,665 90, ,161 61,956 86, ,203 63,372 87, Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: All Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue # Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws.

97 SECTION II TABLE 10.4 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEW BRUNSWICK, U.C.R. - N.B. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total ,014 34,326 50, ,383 41,091 58, ,222 43,673 61, ,364 46,770 62, ,635 48,995 63, ,888 48,241 62, ,976 46,039 60, ,922 47,174 61, Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

98 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 10.5 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, QUEBEC, QUE. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

99 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 10.6 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ONTARIO, ONT. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total , , , , , , , , , , ,068 1,035, , ,461 1,012, , , , , , , , , , Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud'. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: Ali Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue # Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws.

100 SECTION II TABLE 10.7 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, MANITOBA, U.C.R. - MAN. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total ,858 82, , ,638 83, , ,807 95, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: All Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue # Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws.

101 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 10.8 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, SASKATCHEWAN, SASK. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total ,618 71, , ,816 69, , ,846 75, , ,084 86, , ,287 90, , ,927 93, , , , , , , , Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Ali Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

102 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 10.9 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ALBERTA, ALTA. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: All Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue # Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws.

103 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, BRITISH COLUMBIA, B.C. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under Y Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

104 SECTION II TABLE TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, YUKON, U.C.R. - YUKON - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE ,187 7, ,221 7, ,319 7, ,127 9, ,111 9, ,284 8, ,815 9, ,471 7, Total Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

105 SECTION II TABLE TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, _ TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE U.C.R. - N.W.T. - VIOLENT Total ,620 8,566 20, ,667 8,335 19, ,445 8,443 18, ,466 8,634 18, ,690 9,009 17, ,011 9,684 18, ,083 10,261 18, ,187 10,886 18, Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

106 U.C.R. - NFLD. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.1 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NedFOUNDLAND, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 3, , , , , Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Over $200 1, , , , , Theft $200 and Under 7,867 1, ,223 1, ,473 1, ,922 1, ,551 1,853.6 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds 1, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY I 15,228 2, ,918 2, ,899 2, ,773 3, ,894 3,670.7 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

107 U.C.R. - NFLD. SECTION II TABLE 11.1 (continued) - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEWFOUNDLAND, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 4, , , Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Over $200 3, , , Theft $200 and Under 9,940 1,720 9,052 1,563 7,874 1,358 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds 1, , , TOTAL PROPERTY 20,468 3,542 19,395 I 3, ,793 2,895 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

108 U.C.R. - P.E.I. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.2 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter , , Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Over $ Theft $200 and Under 1,606 1, ,657 1, ,939 1, ,130 1, ,291 1,865.6 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds TOTAL PROPERTY 3,066 2, ,344 2, ,653 2, ,109 3, ,351 3,543.1 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

109 U.C.R. - P.E.I. SECTION II TABLE 11.2 (Continued) ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, PROPERTY TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter , , Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Over $ Theft $200 and Under 2,013 1,623 1,974 1,567 1,792 1,411 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds TOTAL PROPERTY 3,907 3,151 I 4,154 3,297 I 4,148 3,266 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue

110 SECTION II TABLE 11.3 U.C.R. - N.S. - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NOVA SCOTIA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 7, , , ,822 1, , Theft Motor Vehicle 1, , , , , Theft Over $200 2, , , , , Theft $200 and Under 13,409 1, ,437 1, ,744 1, ,204 1, ,340 1,917.3 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds 2, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 27,641 3, ,279 3, ,122 3, ,657 4, ,338 4,264.0 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

111 to e U.C.R. - N.S. SECTION II TABLE 11.3 (Continued) - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NOVA SCOTIA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 7, , , Theft Motor Vehicle 1, , , Theft Over $200 6, , , Theft $200 and Under 16,175 1,882 16,171 1,854 16,210 1,840 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds 3, , , TOTAL PROPERTY 34,586 4,025 36,339 4,167 37,444 4,250 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Y annual, catalogue #

112 U.C.R. - N.B. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.4 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEW BRUNSWICK, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 5, , , ,197 1, ,254 1,037.6 Theft Motor Vehicle 1, , , , , Theft Over $200 1, , , , , fheft $200 and Under 8,568 1, ,730 1, ,713 1, ,515 1, ,099 1,730.6 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds 1, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 18,851 12, ,247 3, ,643 3, ,625 3, ,758 3,970.5 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

113 SECTION II TABLE 11.4 (Continued) U.C.R. - N.B. - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEW BRUNSWICK, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 6, ,148 1,001 7, Theft Motor Vehicle 1, , , Theft Over $200 4, , , Theft $200 and Under 11,745 1,662 10,180 1,426 9,726 1,353 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds 1, , , TOTAL PROPERTY 26,557 3,758 25,373 3,554 25,821 3,591 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

114 U.C.R. - QUE. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.5 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, QUEBEC, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 76,468 1, ,528 1, ,213 1, ,989 1, ,126 1,729.6 Theft Motor Vehicle 21, , , , , fheft Over $200 32, , , ,703 1, ,307 1,130.8 Theft $200 and Under 83,746 1, ,942 1, ,410 1, ,709 1, ,986 1,588.7 Possession of Stolen Goods 1, , , , , Frauds 13, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 1 229,283 3, ,255 4, ,464 15, ,577 5, ,855 5,211.8 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

115 U.C.R. - QUE - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.5 (Continued) ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, QUEBEC, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 106,244 1, ,867 1, ,591 1,589 Theft Motor Vehicle 21, , , Theft Over $200 67,132 1,029 72,834 1,113 75,653 1,150 Theft $200 and Under 94,510 1,449 89,407 1,367 87,424 1,328 Possession of Stolen Goods 2, , , Frauds 24, , , TOTAL PROPERTY i 315,854 4,843 I 318,490 I 4, ,945 4,938 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

116 e e U.C.R. - ONT. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.6 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ONTARIO, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 92,188 1, ,859 1, ,238 1, ,051 1, ,940 1,249.9 Theft Motor Vehicle 27, , , , , Theft Over $200 48, , , ,277 1, ,527 1,130.4 Theft $200 and Under 200,574 2, ,568 2, ,268 2, ,652 2, ,038 2,444.2 Possession of Stolen Goods 11, , , , , Frauds 35, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 414,824 4, ,738 5, ,391 5, ,412 15, ,151 5,749.9 Rates may not add to total due to rounding.. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

117 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 11.6 (Continued) - ONT. PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ONTARIO, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 108,971 1, ,576 1, ,484 1,175 Theft Motor Vehicle 22, , , Theft Over $200 98,498 1, ,279 1, ,909 1,113 Theft $200 and Under 200,372 2, ,739 2, ,339 2,011 Possession of Stolen Goods 12, , , Frauds 43, , , TOTAL PROPERTY 486,130 5,514 ' 476,991 5,331 I 467,879 5,161 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

118 U.C.R. - MAN. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.7 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, MANITOBA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 11,739 1, ,175 1, ,330 1, ,683 1, ,922 1,731.2 Theft Motor Vehicle 4, , , , , Theft Over $200 5, , , ,720 1, ,933 1,345.9 Theft $200 and Under 26,320 2, ,869 2, ,146 2, ,000 2, ,285 3,022.1 Possession of Stolen Goods , , , Frauds 4, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 53,224 5, ,827 5, ,273 6, ,926 6, ,445 7,287.9 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

119 U.C.R. - MAN. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.7 (Continued) ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFEACE, MANITOBA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 17,597 1,680 17,501 1,654 17,837 1,667 Theft Motor Vehicle 3, , , Theft Over $200 14,428 1,378 15,134 1,430 15,146 1,416 Theft $200 and Under 32,740 3,126 31,711 2,997 31,423 2,937 Possession of Stolen Goods 1, , , Frauds 6, , , TOTAL PROPERTY 76,463 7,302 76,111 7,194 76,897 7,187 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue

120 U.C.R. - SASK. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.8 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, SASKATCHEWAN, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 10,757 1, ,287 1, ,273 1, ,687 1, ,382 1,468.4 Theft Motor Vehicle 3, , , , , Theft Over $200 4, , , , ,721 1,196.7 Theft $200 and Under 20,081 2, ,698 1, ,186 2, ,982 2, ,520 2,503.5 Possession of Stolen Goods , Frauds 5, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 44,850 4, ,494 4, ,434 4, ,845 5, ,487 6,380.1 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

121 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 11.8 (Continued) - PROPERTY ATUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, SASKATCHEWAN, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 15,045 1,516 16,672 1,652 18,411 1,805 Theft Motor Vehicle 3, , , Theft Over $200 12,491 1,258 13,438 1,332 15,071 1,478 Theft $200 and Under 24,182 2,436 24,999 2,478 26,003 2,549 Possession of Stolen Goods 1, , , Frauds 7, , , TOTAL PROPERTY 63,638 6,411 68,667 6,805 72,675 7,125 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

122 U.C.R. - ALTA. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.9 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ALBERTA, TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 ' NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 24,538 1, ,198 1, ,089 1, ,805 1, ,404 1,528.0 Theft Motor Vehicle 9, , , , , Theft Over $200 13, , ,640 1, ,848 1, ,268 1,435.8 Theft $200 and Under 47,407 2, ,913 2, ,697 2, ,786 2, ,090 2,507.1 Possession of Stolen Goods 2, , , , , Frauds 9, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 107,003 5, ,465 5, ,403 6, ,415 6, ,843 6,726.0 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

123 U.C.R. - ALTA. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.9 (Continued) ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ALBERTA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 32,900 1,400 27,821 1,188 27,553 1,173 Theft Motor Vehicle 9, , , Theft Over $200 31,640 1,346 28,181 1,204 27,471 1,169 Theft $200 and Under 58,134 2,474 51,218 2,188 51,884 2,209 Possession of Stolen Goods 3, , , Frauds 13, , , TOTAL PROPERTY 148,381 6, ,777 5, ,169 5,584 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue

124 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE B.C. - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, BRITISH COLUMBIA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 44,295 1, ,698 1, ,724 1, ,535 1, ,499 2,060.8 Theft Motor Vehicle 11, , , , , Theft Over $200 18, , ,058 1, ,988 1, ,128 1,760.7 Theft $200 and Under 84,961 3, ,553 3, ,400 3, ,206 3, ,682 3,465.1 Possession of Stolen Goods 2, , , , , Frauds 15, , , , , TOTAL PROPERTY 177,117 7, ,160 7, ,183 7, ,920 8, ,460 8,510.8 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

125 SECTION II TABLE (Continued) U.C.R. - B.C. - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS ANC RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, BRITISH COLUMBIA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 59,799 2,118 60,782 2,122 59,233 2,047 Theft Motor Vehicle 11, , , Theft Over $200 53,815 1,906 58,684 2,048 58,920 2,037 Theft $200 and Under 96,063 3,402 94,540 3,300 95,925 3,316 Possession of Stolen Goods 3, , , Frauds 15, , , TOTAL PROPERTY 240,043 8,500 I 244,272 8, ,950 8,432 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue

126 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE YUKON - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS Ale RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, YUKON, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 546 2, , , , ,902.9 Theft Motor Vehicle , Theft Over $ , , , , ,556.9 iheft $200 and Under 1,032 4, ,087 5, ,099 5, ,296 5, ,174 4,953.5 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds 268 1, , , , ,101.2 TOTAL PROPERTY 2,360 10, ,322 10, ,444 11, ,081 14, ,011 12,704.6 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

127 U.C.R. - YUKON - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE (Continued) ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, YUKON, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 551 2, , ,904 Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Over $ , , ,809 Theft $200 and Under 850 3, , ,317 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds 230 1, , ,143 TOTAL PROPERTY 2,261 10,139 2,460 i11,182 i 2,056 8,939 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue

128 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE N.W.T. - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 1,050 2, ,039 2, ,284 2, ,375 3, ,441 3,052.9 Theft Motor Vehicle , Theft Over $ , ,264.8 Theft $200 and Under 1,765 4, ,507 3, ,415 3, ,425 3, ,500 3,177.9 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds TOTAL PROPERTY 3,795 8, ,648 8, ,710 8, ,180 9, ,330 9,173.7 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue

129 U.C.R. - N.W.T. SECTION II TABLE (Continued) - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 1,478 3,054 1,519 3,038 1,887 3,700 Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Over $ , , ,276 Theft $200 and Under 1,505 3,110 1,594 3,188 1,565 3,069 Possession of Stolen Goods Frauds TOTAL PROPERTY 4,415 9,122 4,634 9,268 4,940 9,686 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #

130 U.C.R. - NFLD. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 12.1 PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEWFOUNDLAND, PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES Total ,228 27,138 36, ,918 29,686 39, ,899 29,616 40, ,773 33,810 45, ,894 35,626 45, ,468 35,150 44, ,395 34,303 44, ,793 30,605 42, Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

131 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE P.E.I. - HROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES Total ,066 5,849 11, ,344 6,444 11, ,653 6,689 11, ,109 7,171 11, ,351 7,548 11, ,907 6,993 12, ,154 7,507 12, ,148 7,517 12, Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue # s

132 SECTION II TABLE 12.3 U.C.R. - N.S. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NOVA SCOTIA, PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES Total ,641 49,942 85, ,279 55,020 94, ,122 57,355 97, ,657 62, , ,338 64, , ,586 61,665 90, ,339 61,956 86, ,444 63,372 87, Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total»ffences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue

133 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE N.B. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEW BRUNSWICK, PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES Total ,851 34,326 50, ,247 41,091 58, ,643 43,673 61, ,625 46,770 62, ,758 48,995 63, ,557 48,241 62, ,373 46,039 60, ,821 47,174 61, Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

134 U.C.R. - QUE. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 12.5 PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, QUEBEC, PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Ill, Total Property Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

135 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE ONT. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ONTARIO, Total Property Offences include: PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERFY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES , , , , , , , , , , ,068 1,035, , ,461 1,012, , , , , , , , , , Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Linder, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

136 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 12.7 PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, MANITOBA, MAN. - PROPERTY PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES Total ,224 82, , ,827 83, , ,273 95, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

137 SECTION II TABLE 12.8 U.C.R. - SASK. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, AND ALL OFFENCES, SASKATCHEWAN, PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES ,850 71, , ,494 69, , ,434 75, , ,845 86, , ,487 90, , ,638 93, , , , , , , , Total Property Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

138 U.C.R. - ALTA. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 12.9 PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ALBERTA, Total PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

139 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE B.C. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, BRITISH COLUMBIA, Total Property Offences include: PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

140 U.C.R. - YUKON - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, YUKON, PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES ,360 4,187 7, ,322 4,221 7, ,444 4,319 7, ,081 5,127 9, ,011 5,111 9, ,261 4,284 8, ,460 4,815 9, ,056 4,471 7, Ill> Total Property Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

141 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE N.W.T. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES ,795 8,566 20, ,648 8,335 19, ,710 8,443 18, ,180 8,634 18, ,330 9,009 17, ,415 9,684 18, ,634 10,261 18, ,940 10,886 18, III/0 Total Property Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

142 U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 13 - PROVINCES - HOMICIDE MURDER OFFENCE RATES PER 100,080 POPULATION, CANADA API) THE PROVINCES, PROVINCE Newfoundland Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia CANADA PROVINCE Newfoundland Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia CANADA Murder includes capital and non-capital murder prior to 1976 and first degree and second degree murder after All rates in this table are calculated for 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual catalogue # prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. - Indicates too few to calculate. Updated November, 1986 Source: 1. Statistics Canada - Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, - Annual, catalogue # Statistics Canada - Homicide in Canada - Annual Catalogue

143 g rr3 en 1-11 S ra. 2 g

144 SECTION IIIA. 3UVENILE DELINQUENTS The data presented in these tables (except Table 17) are for the period during which the Juvenile Delinquents Act was in effect in Canada. With the proclamation of the Young Offenders Act on April 2, 1984, the Juvenile Delinquents Act was repealed. The Juvenile Delinquents Act is operative in all provinces and territories except Newfoundland. In that province, juvenile offenders are dealt with as specified in the Welfare of Children Act of The lower age limits for juveniles was seven years across the country, the upper age limit differed for each province as follows: - under 16 years in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Alberta, the Yukon and the Northwest Territories. - under 17 years in Newfoundland and British Columbia. - under 18 years in Quebec and Manitoba. The Juvenile Court does not lose jurisdiction if the child after committing the delinquency passes the age limit. The figures in Tables are for every delinquency for which court action was terminated in the year specified. This is consequently a measure of court activity and not of magnitude of delinquency. A juvenile may be reflected more than once in those tables having this basic unit of count depending on the number of delinquencies with which he/she was charged.

145 - 2- In Table 18, each individual who appears in juvenile court and has at least one charged disposed of in the year specified is counted once. It is not a count of the number of juveniles involved in delinquent behaviour but instead a count of the number of persons completing the court process. For all the provinces it is possible to link to an individual all the charges he or she had adjudicated during the years.

146 SECTION III TABLE 14 JUVENILES SLMMARY NATURE OF DELINQUENCIES (MAIN CATEGORIES), IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES, CANADA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code 72,032 1, ,497 1, , ,376 2, ,349 2, ,855 2,399.6 Federal Statutes* 4, , , , , , Drugs 2, , , , , , J.D.A. 2, , , , , , Other Federal Statutes Provincial Statutes 12, , , , , , Municipal By-Laws 1, , , ALL DEL1NQUENCIES( 1 ) 90,693 2, ,186 1, ,264 2, ,796 3, ,305 3, ,913 3,202.5 * Federal Statutes includes Drugs, JDA and Other Federal Statutes. (1) Included is a small percentage (less than 2%) committed by adults. (2) Rates are based on juvenile population. The minimum age for a juvenile is 7 years. The maximum age differs for each province, see text at beginning of chapter. Updated May Sources: (1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents, Annual, Catalogue (2) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, Annual

147 SECTION III TABLE 14.1 NUMBER OF CHARGES (FEDERAL STATUTE OFFENCES ONLY) RESULTING IN FINDINGS CF DELINQUENCY, BY NATURE OF DISPOSITION, BY PROVINCE, DISPOSITIONS - JUVE - PROV JUVENILE REFERRAL 10 CARE PROBATION/ FINE ADJOURNED DISPOSITION OTHER AND PROVINCE INSTITUTION OF PROVINCE SUPERVISION RESTITUTION INDEFINITELY SUSPENDED UNKNOWN TOTAL Newfoundland ,446 ( (22.0) (38.0) (15.4) (0.9) (19.5) (3.6) [3.8] 4 Prince Edward Island (7.1) (23.2) (60.7) (3.8) (1.9) (0.9) (2.4) [(1.3] Nova Scotia ,549 ;18.1) '0.9) (49.8) (10.9) (7.7) (1.6) (11.0) [2.4] New Brunswick , ) ;0.2) (42.3) (4.8) (15.8) (12.1) (1.6) [1.61 Quebec 6, ,309 2,603 1,924 1, ,092 (29.1) (1.2) (39.4) (12.3) (9.1) (5.8) (3.0) [32.8] Ontario , , ,128 (8.1) (4.0) (58.4) (6.5) (11.3) (8.1) (3.6) [18.9] Manitoba ,085 1, ,977 i14.7) (2.0) (51.6) (18.8) (1.9) (0.3) (10.7) [9.3 ] Saskatchewan ,977 (0.0) (18.7) (48.4) (4.7) (1.9) (21.2) (5.2) [3.1] Alberta 5 5 1,372 3, ,679 (0.1) (17.9) (51.4) (7.3) (9.3) (1.6) (12.4) [11.9] British Columbia , ,529 (8.8) (0.7) (77.7) (3.9) (3.0) (2.2) (3.7) [14.8] Yukon (0.6) (3.4) (70.5) (2.8) (14.8) (7.4) (0.6) [0.3] Northwest Territories (0.0) (3.3) (62.7) (4.5) (3.7) (3.7) (22.1) [0.8] CANADA 9,406 3,301 33,498 6,162 4,795 3,642 3,497 64,301 (14.6) (5.1) (52.1) (9.6) (7.5) (5.7) (5.4) [100.0] NOTES: (1) This table excludes charges against adults (and companies). '2) The disposition counted for each charge in the Table is that which is considered to be the most "serious". 0) Figures in curved brackets are percentages of row totals. (4) Figures in square brackets are percentages of the column total. (5) In these provinces, some referrals to institutions will no doubt have been made through the appropriate provincial authority as a result of referrals to "Care of the Province". Note that the proportions of dispositions indicated in the category of "Referral to the Care of Province" are comparatively high in these jurisdictions. In Alberta, the juvenile court can issue a "Compulsory Care Order" indicating that the offender is to be committed to an institution for a specified period not exceeding 90 days. Such orders most probably account for the small number of committals to insitutions indicated.

148 DELINQUENCIES INVOLVING VIOLENCE, BY AΠOF CHILDREN, SECTION III TABLE 15.1 IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 J(J VENILES IN EACH CATEGORY, CANADA JUVENILES VIOLENT AGE GROUP AND TYPE OF CRIME No. Rate No.* Rate No. Rate 7-11 Age Group Total Violent Homicide Other Violent Murder - Attempted Sexual Offences Assault Robbery Age Group Total Violent 2, , , Homicide Other Violent 2, , , Murder - Attempted Sexual Offences Assault 1, , , Robbery Age Group Total Violent 1, , , or Homicide 7 ' Other Violent 1, , , Murder - Attempted Sexual Offences Assault Robbery * Data not available for British Columbia and Northwest Territories. 16 and 17 age group comprises - Newfoundland and British Columbia juveniles aged 16, and Quebec and Manitoba juveniles aged 16 and 17. Rates are calculated accordingly. In 1979 the enactment of the "Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse" in Quebec had a great influence on the flow of juveniles through the courts. See text at beginning of chapter for more detail. Updated May, 1987 Sources: 1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents Annual, Catalogue # ) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983 Annual

149 SECTION III TABLE 15.2 JUVENILES VIOLENT DELINQUENCIES INVOLVING VIOLENCE, BY ACE OF CHILDREN, IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES IN EACH CATEGORY, CANADA AGE GROUP AND TYPE OF CRIME No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate 7-11 Age Group Total Violent Homicide Other Violent Murder - Attempted Sexual Offences Assault Robbery Age Group Total Violent 2, , , Homicide Other Violent 2, , , Murder - Attempted Sexual Offences Assault 1, , , Robbery Age Group Total Violent 1, , , Homicide Other Violent 1, , , Murder - Attempted Sexual Offences Assault Robbery and 17 age group comprises - Newfoundland and British Columbia juveniles aged 16, and Quebec and Manitoba juveniles aged 16 and 17. Rates are calculated accordingly. In 1979 the enactment of the "Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse" in Quebec had a great influence on the flow of juveniles through the courts. See text at beginning of chapter for more detail. Updated May, 1987 Sources: 1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents Annual, Catalogue 1/ ) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983 Annual

150 DELINCUENCIES SECTION III TABLE 16.1 AGAINST PROPERTY, BY AGE OF CHILDREN, IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES IN EACH CATEGORY, CANADA AGE GROUP & TYPE OF CRIME No. Rate vo.* Rate No. Rate JUVENILES PROPERTY 7-11 Age Group Total Property 1, , , Break and Enter Take Motor Vehicle Theft (Over + Under) Theft Other Poss. Stolen Goods Fraud Forgery Age Group Total Property 38,723 2, ,663 2, ,433 2,321.1 Break and Enter 16, , ,065 1,030.6 Take Motor Vehicle 1, , , Theft (Over + Under) 15, , , Theft Other Poss. Stolen Goods 4, , , Fraud Forgery Age Group Total Property 14,056 3, ,299 2, ,591 3,802.7 Break and Enter 6,073 1, ,140 1, ,141 1,998.0 Tàke Motor Vehicle reft (Over + Under) 4,927 1, , ,841 1,074.7 [heft Other Poss. Stolen Goods 1, , Fraud Forgery * Data not available for British Columbia and Northwest Territories 16 and 17 age group comprises - Newfoundland and British Columbia juveniles aged 16, and Quebec and Manitoba juveniles aged 16 and 17. Rates are calculated accordingly. In 1979 the enactment of the "Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse" in Quebec had a great influence on the flow of juveniles through the courts. See text at beginning of chapter for more detail. Updated May, Sources: 1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents Annual Catalogue # ) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983 Annual.

151 SECTION III TABLE 16.2 DELINQUENCIES AGAINST PROPERTY, BY ACE OF CHILDREN, IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES IN EACH CATEGORY, CANADA AGE GROUP AND TYPE OF CRIME No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate JUVENILES PROPERTY Age Group Total Property 1, , , Break and Enter Take Motor Vehicle Theft (Over + Under) Theft Other Poss. Stolen Goods Fraud Forgery Age Group Total Property 46,319 2, ,080 2, ,021 2,806.5 Break and Enter 20,686 1, ,479 1, ,485 1,140.6 Take Motor Vehicle 1, , Theft (Over + Under) 17,471 1, ,243 1, ,253 1,060.3 Theft Other , , Poss. Stolen Goods 5, , , Fraud Forgery Age Group Total Property 18,948 5, ,174 6, ,345 7,053.9 Break and Enter 10,271 2, ,461 2, ,990 3,301.4 Take Motor Vehicle Theft (Over + Under) 5,043 1, ,143 1, ,139 1,367.8 Theft Other , , Poss. Stolen Goods 1, , ,554 1,174.5 Fraud Forgery and 17 age group comprises - Newfoundland and British Columbia juveniles aged 16, and Quebec and Manitoba juveniles aged 16 and 17. Rates are calculated accordingly. Updated November, 1986 Sources: 1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents Annual Catalogue # Statistics Canada 2) Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983 Annual.

152 SECTION III TABLE 17 JUVENILES DEALT WITH BY THE POLICE, VIOLENT AND PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES, CANADA, JUVENILES U.C.R. TYPE OF OFFENCE ( 1 ) No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate TOTAL VIOLENT 4, , , , Murder Infanticide Attempted Murder Manslaughter Sexual Assault , , , Assault 2, , , , Robbery 1, , , , Abduction Other Violent TOTAL PROPERTY 56,360 1, ,680 2, ,293 2, ,827 2,999.2 Theft Motor Vehicle 7, , , , Theft (Over $200 + Under) 22, ,835 1, ,875 1, ,961 1,540.7 Break and Enter 23, , ,175 1, ,951 1,062.0 Poss. of Stolen Goods 2, , , , Fraud 1, , , , NOTE: The statistical data an juveniles processed by the police vary substantially depending on the procedures, definitions and rules used recording juvenile offenders. (1) In 1979, these counting practices changed appreciably, and an apparent increase in juveniles dealt with was recorded. In that year, the rates of juveniles dealt with by the police (per 100,000 juveniles in Canada) for delinquencies with violence increased tremendously (183%); they reached a peak in 1980, and decreased slightly from then on. For delinquencies against property, the largest increase occurred in These changes were almost entirely due to modifications to the administrative procedures. Updated March, 1987 Source: 1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue # ) Statistics Canada, Estimates of Population, by Sex and Aqe, for Canada and the Provinces, Annual, Catalogue #

153 SECTION III TABLE 17 (Continued) JUVENILES U.C.R. JUVENILES DEALT WITH BY THE POLICE, VIOLENT AND PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES, CANADA, TYPE OF OFFENCE ( 2 ) No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate TOTAL VIOLENT 9, , , , Murder Infanticide Attempted Murder Manslaughter Sexual Assault 1,064 2P. 1, , , Assault 6, , , , Robbery 1, , , , Abduction Other Violent - 0 1, TOTAL PROPERTY 103,232 2, ,595 3, , , Theft Motor Vehicle 6, , , , Theft (Over $200 + Under) 57,218 1, ,964 1, , , Break and Enter 34, , , , Poss. of Stolen Goods 3, , , , Fraud 2, , , , NOTE: The statistical data on juveniles processed by the police vary substantially depending on the procedures, definitions and rules used recording juvenile offenders. (1) In 1979, these counting practices changed appreciably, and an apparent increase in juveniles dealt with Ill, was recorded. In that year, the rates of juveniles dealt with by the police (per 100,000 juveniles in Canada) for delinquencies with violence increased tremendously (183%); they reached a peak in 1980, and decreased slightly from then on. For delinquencies against property, the largest increase occurred in These changes were almost entirely due to modifications to the administrative procedures. (2) The Young Offenders Act was given Royal Assent in 1982, and implemented as an Act in The provinces were given until April 1985 to conform to the age ranges specified by the Act. For the sake of consistency in the manual figures and rates for 1985 are presented as if all provinces were conforming to the new age requirements as of January 1, In 1983, a new category called Abduction was introduced to Violent Crime. Other Violent applies to 1983 only, and comprises data on Sexual Offences and Assault offences reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in Updated March, 1987 Source: 1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue # ) Statistics Canada, Estimates of Population, by Sex and Age, for Canada and the Provinces, Annual, Catalogue # ) Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual, Catalogue g

154 SECTION III TABLE 18 JUVENILES COURT PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION, BY AŒ, OF CHILDREN BROUGHT TO COURT AND OF CHILDREN FOUND DELINQUENT, CANADA, Children (Status and Age) No. m. No. % No.. No. % No.. No. % Brought to Court!stal 1 42, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Found Delinquent Intel 36, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Totals do not include the "other category" (adults and unspecified ages ; also, British Columbia could not be included. Sources: 1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents, Annual, Catalogue ) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983 Annual.

155 n CLASS SCHEDULE - HORAIRE DES COURS cos ro (' TIME HEURE MON LUN. TUE. MAR. WED. MER. THU. JEU. FRI VEN. SAT. SAM. - EXAMINATIONS EXAMENS DAY/JOUR DATE TIME/HRE PLACE/LIEU COURSE/COURS.. r PROJECT-PROJETS DUE-DATE '-JAME NOM ADDRESS ADRESSE SCHOOL COLE TELEPHONE TÉLÉPHONE CLASS CLASSE _ Fab.<1. p.r RELIURE GaLD INC OwleDec

156 SECTION IV TABLE 19.1 DRUGS U.C.R. ACTUAL DRUG OFFENCES BY TYPE OF DRUG IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 CANADIANS CANADA YEAR NARCOTIC CONTROL ACT FOOD AND DRUGS ACT Other Controlled Restricted Heroin Rate Cocaine Rate Drugs Rate Cannabis Rate Total Rate Drugs Rate Drugs Rate Total Rate , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual catalogue prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over.

157 SECTION IV TABLE 19.2 ACTUAL DRUG OFFENCES BY TYPE OF ORUG IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 CANADIANS, CANADA DRUGS U.C.R. YEAR NARCOTIC CONTROL ACT FOOD AND DRUGS ACT Other Controlled Restricted Heroin Rate Cocaine Rate Drugs Rate Cannabis Rate Total Rate Drugs Rate Drugs Rate Total Rate , , , , , , , N.A. - N.A. - 57, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , No breakdown available for Heroin, Cocaine, other drugs and Cannabis. 2 No breakdown available between controlled drugs and restricted drugs. 3 No breakdown available between Heroin, Cocaine and other drugs. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue # Updated November, Rates from 1983 have been rounded to remove the decimal. Included under the Narcotic Control Act are the following drugs: Acetyldihydrocodeine Alphaprodine Anileridine Cannabis Cocaine Codeine Diphenoxylate Etorphine Heroin Hydrocodone Hydromorphone Levorphanol Methadone Morphine Norme thadone Opium Oxycodone Pethidine Phencyclidine Unknown and Other Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Included under the Food and Drug Amobarbital Amobarbital and Secobarbital Amphetamine Barbiturates Benzphetamine Butabarbital Act are the fol lowing drugs: Diethylpropion Phendimetrazine ltsbarbital Phenmetrazine Methamphetamine Phenobarbital Methaqualon Phentermine Methylphenidate Secobarbital Pentazocine Unknown and Other Pentobarbital Updated August 18, 1987

158 DRUGS ADULTS SECTION IV TABLE 20.1 ADULTS CHARGED FOR DRUG OFFENCES, BY TYPE OF DRUG, IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 ADULTS, CANADA TYPE OF DRUG NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Narcotic Control Act Heroin 1, Cocaine , , , Other Drugs 1, , , , , Cannabis 43, , , , , TOTAL 46, , , , , Food and Drugs Act Controlled Drugs Restricted Drugs 1, , , , , TOTAL I 2, , , , , Updated Feb 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crimes and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue # Statistics Canada - Census Division - Catalogue #

159 e DRUGS ADULTS SECTION IV TABLE 20.2 ADULTS CHARGED FOR DRUG OFFENCES, BY TYPE OF DRUG, IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 ADULTS, CANADA TYPE OF DRUG ( 1 ) NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Narcotic Control Act Heroin Cocaine 2, , , Other Drugs 1, , , Cannabis 34, , , TOTAL 37, , , Food and Drugs Act Controlled Drugs Restricted Drugs 2, , , TOTAL 2, , , (1) Figures and rates for adults will be affected by the Young Offenders Act, which was given Royal Assent in 1982 and implemented as an Act in The provinces were given until April 1985 to conform to the age ranges specified by the Act. For the sake of consistency in the manual figures and rates for 1985 are presented as if all provinces were conforming to the new age requirements as of January 1, Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #

160 DRUGS JUVENILES SECTION IV TABLE 21.1 JUVENILES DEALT WITH FOR DRUG RELATED DELINQUENCIES, BY TYPE OF DRUG IN NUMBERS AM) RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES, CANADA TYPE OF DRUG NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Narcotic Control Act Heroin Cocaine Other Drugs Cannabis 2, , , , , TOTAL 2, , , , , Food and Drugs Act Controlled Drugs Restricted Drugs TOTAL Updated February 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crimes and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue Statistics Canada - Census Division - Catalogue #

161 e DRUGS JUVENILES SECTION IV TABLE 21.2 JUVENILES DEALT WITH FOR DRUG RELATED DELINQUENCIES, BY TYPE OF DRUG IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES, CANADA TYPE OF DRUG ( 1 ) NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Narcotic Control Act Heroin Cocaine Other Drugs Cannabis 2, , , TOTAL 2, I 2, , Food and Drugs Act Controlled Drugs Restricted Drugs TOTAL I 91 I 2.5 4, (1) The Young Offenders Act was given Royal Assent in 1982, and implemented as an Act in The provinces were given until April 1985 to conform to the age ranges specified by the Act. For the sake of consistency in the manual figures and rates for 1985 are presented as if all provinces were conforming to the new age requirements as of January 1, Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #

162 >t:1 ~0 Q - ce z z ed pc Fe 1-P X m rd e Fu rd

163 POPULATION SECTION V TABLE 22 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION, CANADA, (THOUSANDS) YEAR POPULATION , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,116 For Census years 1966, 1971, 1976 and 1981, the figures are actual, all other years are estimates. They are calculated as at June 1st of each year. Figures of all Census years except 1981, were obtained from Statistics Canada, Census Division, catalogue # For 1981, and all other years, figures were obtained from Statistics Canada, Census Division, catalogue # Updated March, 1987.

164 POPULATION SECTION V TABLE 23 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION, BY SEX, CANADA, (THOUSANDS) BY SEX YEAR MALE FEMALE TOTAL For census years 1976 and 1981, the figures are actual. All other years are estimates. They are calculated as at June 1st of each year. Total may not add due to rounding. Source: Statistics Canada Census Division No Updated May, 1986

165 POPULATION AΠGROUPS SECTION V TABLE 24 ESTIMATES OF ADULT AND YOUTH POPULATION CANADA, YEAR ADULT 0-6 JUVENILE( 1 ) YOUTH( 2 ) CANADA , , , , , , , , ,359 (1) The lower age limit for juveniles was 7 years, the upper age limit varies for each province as follows: age 7-15 New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Yukon & the Northwest Territories. age 7-16 Newfoundland and British Columbia. age 7-17 Quebec and Manitoba (2) Youth includes the ages 0-6 across Canada plus juveniles. In 1984 the Young Offenders Act was passed. This Act will standardize the age of juveniles across the country as 12 to 17 years. Source: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue # Updated June, 1987

166 POPULATION s SECTION V TABLE 25 ESTIMATES OF JUVENILE POPULATION, AGE 7 AND UP, CANADA, (THOUSANDS) s JUVENILE AGE GROUPS AGE 7 to 15 Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia New Brunswick Ontario Saskatchewan Alberta Yukon & N.W.T AGE 7 to 16 Newfoundland British Columbia AGE 7 to 17 Quebec Manitoba CANADA I I In 1984 the Young Offenders Act was passed. This Act will standardize the age of juveniles across the country as 12 to 17 years. The provinces were given until April 1985 to conform to the age ranges specified by the Act. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-518

167 SECTION V TABLE 25 (Continued) ESTIMATES OF JUVENILE POPULATION, AGE 12 TO 17, CANADA, 1985 (THOUSANDS) POPULATION JUVENILE AΠ12 to Newfoundland 71.7 Prince Edward Island 13.1 Nova Scotia 85.9 New Brunswick 73.7 Quebec Ontario Manitoba 98.4 Saskatchewan 96.0 Alberta British Columbia Yukon 2.3 Northwest Territories 6.3 CANADA Figures may not add due to rounding. In 1984 the Young Offenders Act was passed. This Act will standardize the age of juveniles across the country as 12 to 17 years. The provinces were given until April 1985 to conform to the age ranges specified by the Act. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Census Division Catalogue #91-202

168 SECTION V TABLE 26.1 POPULATIO PROV. 197 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AGE AND PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JUNE 1ST 1977 (THOUSANDS) PROVINCE A G E & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland P.E.I Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia Yukon N.W.T CANADA (1) Post Censal Estimates Update March 1987 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

169 SECTION V TABLE 26.2 POPULATION PROV ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAND PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JUNE 1ST 1978 (THOUSANDS) PROVINCE A G E & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland P.E.I Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia Yukon N.W.T CANADA gures may not add due to rounding (1) Post Censal Estimates Updated April 1985 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue

170 MO, PROVINCE SECTION V TABLE 26.3 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAND PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JdNE (THOUSANDS) A G E & CANADA ABOVE POPULATION PROV Newfoundland P.E.I Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia Yukon N.W.T dellica gibures may not add due to rounding. (1) Post Censal Estimates Updated April 1985 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

171 SECTION V TABLE 26.4 POPULATION PROV I PROVINCE ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAM) PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JUNE 1ST 1980 (THOUSAKCS) A G E & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland P.E.I Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia Yukon N.W.T r M igures may not add due to rounding. (1) Post Censal Estimates Updated March 1987 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

172 SECTION V TABLE 26.5 POPULATION PROV IIIIIP PROVINCE ACTUAL POPULATION: BY AΠAND PROVINCE, JUNE 1ST 1981 (THOUSANDS) ACE & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland P.E.I Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia Yukon N.W.T CANADA "Mures may not add due to rounding. Updated April 1985 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

173 SECTION V TABLE 26.6 POPULATION PROV ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAND PROVINCE (IO )(l ), JUNE 1ST 1982 (THOUSANDS) PROVINCE A G E & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland P.E.I Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia Yukon N.W.T CANADA igures may not add due to rounding ) Post Censal Estimates Updated May, 1985 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

174 SECTION V TABLE 26.7 POPULATION PROV ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAM) PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JUNE 1ST 1983 (THOUSAWS) A G E PROVINCE & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland P.E.I Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia Yukon N.W.T DA 11110res may not add due to rounding (1) Post Censal Estimates SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

175 SECTION V TABLE 26.8 POPULATION PROV Ill" PROVINCE ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AGE AND PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JUNE 1ST 1984 (THOUSANDS) A G E & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland P.E.I Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia Yukon N.W.T AILDA s may not add due to rounding NIIIrost Censal Estimates SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue

176 - SECTION V TABLE 26.9 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAND PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JLINE (THOUSANDS) 18 & PROVINCE OVER CANADA Newfoundland Prince Edward Island Nova Scotia New Brunswick Quebec Ontario Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta British Columbia Yukon Northwest Territories IIIILDA Figures may not add due to rounding. (1) Post Censal Estimates. Updated June, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue AGE

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178 INTRODUCTION Economic Historically, women who come into conflict with the criminal law have had to take a back seat to male offenders in both research and correctional treatment priorities. The underrepresentation of women in the criminal justice system has been interpreted as an indication that female offenders don't pose as great a threat to society as the more violent and more numerous male offenders, and thus don't merit special, if any, attention. Over the years, studies of patterns, causes and correlates of criminality have focused primarily on male offenders. Interest in women's involvement in crime has been minimal by comparison, but the newly raised consciousness of Canadians to areas of general concern for women has effectively stimulated interest in the status of women as offenders. and social profiles that might help to explain how and why women come into conflict with the law, and the services and treatment appropriate for them, are hindered in part by the lack of consistent data collection procedures at various stages of the criminal justice system. The purpose of this report is to present what is known about female offenders through available statistical data, and by identifying some of the gaps in information, to stimulate ideas for. research. This report is intended solely as a compendium of the statistical information currently available from official sources, with discussions of the quality and limitations of the data to assist researchers in making accurate interpretations of the information.

179 - 2-- Conspicuous by its absence from this list is court or sentencing data on female offenders. Criminal courts and the sentences they impose are the most visible components of the criminal justice system, and yet there is at present no national program to collect criminal court statistics. The former Adult Court Program administered by the Justice Statistics Division of Statistics Canada was fraught with reporting problems (data from British Columbia, Alberta and Ontario were frequently excluded) and was terminated in Plans by the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics to implement a new national adult court statistics program will not be realized for some years to come. According to the Report of the Implementation Working Group on Justice Statistics, 1981, most provinces did not have a comprehensive system at that time which could routinely generate complete and comparable offender-related statistics for all the courts having criminal jurisdiction. Some jurisdictions are planning to install computer-based information systems over the next several years which will eventually provide a base for information on court caseloads. In October 1983, the Justice Department published a report prepared under contract by The Research Group which describes some of the sentencing trends observed in cases from seven court groups and ten correctional jurisdictions. The data were not ordered by sex, so sentencing trends for female offenders are not available from this study. The Department of Justice also recently completed studies of sentencing trends in Winnipeg and Prince Edward Island. Information on type of offence and type and length of sentence was collected for males and females. Analyses of both studies are to be released in late 1984.

180 - 3- The Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics and the Department of Justice have recently embarked on separate feasibility studies to determine if the Fingerprint System (FPS) and Canadian Police Information Centre (CPIC) data systems can be used as a source of information on criminal court activity in Canada. EPS/CPIC are data files maintained by the RCMP and contain demographic information on persons charges and court dispositions for indictable offences. The data presented in this report allow for fairly complete descriptions of persons who are charged by police and those who are sentenced to federal terms of incarceration. Because record-keeping procedures have not been standardized among the provinces, compatible aggregated data on persons admitted to provincial institutions are not presently available. Data of varying levels of complexity are available upon request from the agencies responsible for corrections in each province, however. Plans for the future involve updating this report as the information becomes available and compiling separately retrievable data on admissions to provincial institutions. This measure would also serve to address more fully the issue of native women who come into conflict with the law. Reasonable national estimates of the number of women admitted to provincial institutions under sentence or on remand are readily accessible and have been included in this report. The lack of information at some intervening stages is problematic since questions of relative leniency in court decisions or factors which may influence the dispositions given are, for the moment unanswerable.

181 SECTION VI TABLE 27 FEMALE OFFENDERS PERSONS CHARGED BY TYPE IF LEGISLATIVE OFFENCE CATEGORY AND SEX, OFFENCE CATEGORIES PERCENT CHANGE M F M F M F M F M F H F M F M F M F M F M F Criminal Code( 1 ) 235,462 38, ,380 43, ,677 44, ,263 49, ,930 52, ,859 56, ,720 59, ,882 59, ,793 63, ,902 63, (14.0) (14.5) (14.2) (15.0) (15.2) (15.0) (14.8) (15.5) (15.6) (15.8) Federal Statute( 1 ) 58,067 5,642 68,563 7,362 76,146 7,851 72,513 8,117 66,522 7,449 68,020 8,186 68,501 8,033 52,069 6,671 49,063 6,674 45,678 5, (9.1) (9.7) (9.3) (10.1) (10.1) (10.7) (10.5) (11.4) (12.0) (11.1) Provincial Statute( 1 ) 249,803 17, ,870 16, ,778 18, ,165 19, ,497 25, ,643 27, ,741 28, ,187 27, ,968 28, ,429 25, (6.6) (6.5) (6.8) (6.9) (6.7) (8.1) (7.8) (8.6) (9.1) (9.2) Municipal 13y-Law( 1 ) 23,440 2,960 22,756 3,524 23,000 3,689 21,982 3,761 22,777 4,307 23,634 4,122 27,163 4,949 26,269 5,384 24,068 4,670 24,836 4, (11.2) (15.4) (13.8) (14.6) (15.9) (14.9) (15.4) (17.0) (16.5) (15.1) TOTAL 566,772 64, ,569 70, ,601 73, ,923 80, ,726 87, ,356 96, , , ,407 99, , , ,845 98, PERCENT CF TOTAL PERCENT CHANGE OVER PREVIOUS YEAR (1) Excludes Traffic Offences Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue Updated December, 1986

182 SECIION VI 11> FEMALES CHARGED MIDI saiummurrences, TOTALS OFFEKCE CATEGORIES NLNBER PERCENT PERCENT CHANGE Murder-Capital/lst Degree (i ) ( 2 ) Murder-Non Capita1/2nd Degree Manslaughter El Infanticide ( 2 ) Attempt ftrder/wounding ( 5 ) 86 2, Rape/Other Sexual Offences (4 ) Assault 2,702 3,001 3,147 3,325 5,519 3,955 4,107 4,227 5,324( 5 ) 5,715 39, Robbery , Break and Enter 1,098 1,305 1,397 1,525 1,665 2,031 2,072 1,954 1,995 1,888 16, Theft Over $ ,078 1,227 1,498 1,563 1,685 1,872 11, Theft Under $200 1,973 1,976 2,155 2,046 2,247 2,327 2,553 2,761 2,772 2,613 25, Shoplifting 15,843 18,187 16,892 20,510 22,263 23,218 24,705 25,865 26,399 25, , Motor Vehicle Theft , Fraud 3,954 4,727 5,481 6,350 6,632 7,426 8,101 8,446 8,560 9,219 68, Prostitution 2,372 2,038 1, , Impaired Driving 5,148 5,780 6,895 7,517 8,055 9,091 9,976 9,440 10,526 10,644 83, Federal Statute Drugs 4,292 5,247 5,355 5,098 5,152 5,955 5,666 4,524 4,494 3,908 49, Liquor Act 15,052 13,779 16,233 17,071 20,465 24,099 24,420 22,465 21,695 20, , Other Criminal Code( 5 ) 8,715 10,149 11,081 12,255 12,312 13,613 14,266 15,047 14,275(6 ) 13, , TOTAL FEMALES CHARGED 62,917 68,056 72,541 78,692 85,821 95,551 99,865 96,386 99,737 97, , ALL PERSONS CHARGED 695, , , , , , , , , ,731 8,152, PERCENt FEMALE (I ) 2) 3) 4) ( 5 ) the increase in the number of charges for 1st degree murder from capital murder may be attributed to the 1976 change in legislation Wlich provided a broader range of definitions for the offence and abolished capital punishment. Based on percentage change. UCR data categorization changed in 1983 to include woundirg under assault. UCR data categorization reflects the January 1983 amendment to the Criminal Code in Wiich three levels of sexual assault were introduced to replace rape. Other Criminal Code offences include possession of stolen goods, gaming and bettirg, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbirg the peace, kidnapping, obstructing public peace officer, wilful damage and other Criminal Code. ( 6 ) UCR data categorization in 1983 included Other Crimes of Violence which comb sexual assault and assault data recorded by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 on January 3, This category provides for charges laid under the previous legislation between January 1 ard January 3, In addition, police reportirg practices may have lagged behind changes to the legislation. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue Updated December, 1986

183 1) SECTION VI MALES CHARGED WITH SELECTEDNIIIPCES, FOULE IFFE TOTAL OFFEWE CATEGORIES NEMBRE POURCENTAGE VARIATION DU POURCENTAGE P4irder-Capita1/1st Degree ( 1 ) , ,871.4 Murder-Non Capital/2nd Degree , Manslaughter Infanticide Attempt Murder/Wounding 1,220 1,281 1,328 1,403 1,447 1,536 1,855 1, (2 ) , Rape/Other Sexual Offences 3,467 3,469 3,606 3,958 4,110 4,146 4,361 4,369 5,031(s) 6,143 42, Assault 28,778 30,028 30,686 31,828 33,154 34,899 35,268 34,977 43,793(2 ) 48, , Robbery 5,549 5,402 5,664 5,800 5,524 6,837 6,748 6,963 6,456 6,199 61, Break and Enter 30,381 32,796 35,638 35,993 37,145 44,557 47,206 48,385 49,377 44, , Theft Over $200 6,450 7,081 7,595 8,275 9,980 12,520 14,274 14,260 15,074 14, , Theft Under $200 20,785 20,767 20,631 21,189 22,031 23,745 25,792 26,108 25,311 23, , Shoplifting 18,613 21,677 20,720 22,683 24,159 27,184 30,433 34,404 36,417 35, , Motor Vehicle Theft 11,412 11,313 11,418 11,360 11,822 12,205 11,999 10,752 10,288 9, , Fraud 16,788 18,573 19,170 20,752 20,872 23,255 25,471 26,633 26,509 27, , Prostitution , Impaired Driving 137, , , , , , , , , ,290 1,406, Federal Statute Drugs 39,650 47,795 49,893 43,777 47,523 55,298 53,355 38,498 36,074 34, , Liquor Act 219, , , , , , , , , ,079 2,444, Other Criminal Code(4 ) 90, , , , , , , , ,030( 5 ) 117,270 1,146, TOTAL MALES CHARGED 632, , , , , , , , , ,778 7,275, ALL PERSONS CHARGED 695, , , , , , , , , ,731 8,152, PERCENT MALE The increase in the number of charges for let degree murder from capital murder may be attributed to the 1976 change in legislation which provided a broader range of definitiors for the offence and abolished capital punishment. (2) UCR data categorization changed in 1983 to include wounding urider assault. (3) UCR data categorization reflects the January 1983 amendment to the Criminal Code in Wiich three levels of sexual assault were introduced to replace rape. (4) Other Criminal Code offences include possession of stolen goods, gaming and betting, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbirg the peace, kidnapping, obstructing pdblic peace officer, wilful damage and other Criminal Code. (5) UCR data categorization in 1983 included Other Crimes of Violence alich counts sexual assault and assault data recorded by the police prior to the proclanation of Bill C-127 on January 3, This category provides for charges laid under the previous legislation between January 1 and January 3, In addition, police reportirg practices may have lagged behind changes to the legislation. - The base figure was too low to calculate a percentage. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue Updated December,

184 MALES SECTION VI TABLE 30 AND FEMALES CHARGED WITH VIOLENT, PROPERTY AM) OTHER OFFENCES, YEAR MALES FEMALES VIOLENT( 1 ) PR0PERTY( 2 ) OTHER( 3 ) VIOLENT( 1 ) PROPERTY( 2 ) OTHER( 3 ) FEMALE OFFENDER! , , ,214 3,455 23,883 35,579 Percent , , ,514 3,739 27,324 36,993 Percent , , ,354 3,905 27,195 41,491 Percent , , ,028 4,109 31,795 42,788 Percent , , ,940 4,423 34,495 46,903 Percent , , ,540 4,925 36,910 53,696 Percent , , ,802 5,118 39,568 55,179 Percent , , ,947 5,277 41,206 49,903 Percent , , ,991( 4 6,169 42,007 51,561( 4 )) Percent , , ,607 6,550 41,981 49,422 Percent PERCENT CHANGE Percentages may not add to 100 due to rounding. (1) Violent offences include murder, manslaughter, infanticide, attempted murder, wounding, rape, other sexual offences, assault and robbery. (2) Property offences include break and enter, theft over $200, theft under $200, fraud, shoplifting, and motor vehicle theft. (3) Other includes prostitution, impaired driving, possession of stolen goods, gaming and betting, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbing the peace, kidnapping, obstructing public peace officer, wilful damage, other Criminal Code and federal statute drug offences. (4) UCR data categorization in 1983 included Other Crimes of Violence which counts sexual assault and assault data recorded by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 on January 3, This category provides for charges laid under the previous legislation between January 1 and January 3, In addition, police reporting practices may have lagged behind changes to the legislation. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue, # Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue # Ill, Updated December, 1986

185 SECTION VI TABLE 31 FEMALES AS A PROPORTION OF PERSONS CHARGED WITH VIOLENT, PROPERTY AND OTHER OFFENCES, FEMALE OFFENDERS YEAR VIOLENT( 1 ) PROPERTY( 2 ) OTHER( 3 ) ( 4 ) (1) Violent offences include murder, manslaughter, infanticide, attempted murder, wounding, rape, other sexual offences, assault and robbery. (2) Property offences include break and enter, theft over $200, theft under $200, fraud, shoplifting, and motor vehicle theft. (3) Other includes prostitution, impaired driving, possession of stolen goods, gaming and betting, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbing the peace, kidnapping, obstructing public peace officer, wilful damage, other Criminal Code and federal statute drug offences. (4) UCR data categorization in 1983 included Other Crimes of Violence which counts sexual assault and assault data recorded by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 on January 3, This category provides for charges laid under the previous legislation between January 1 and January 3, In addition, police reporting practices may have lagged behind changes to the legislation. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue, # Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue # Updated December, 1987

186 OEM 1 1t1 VI TABLE 32 CHARGING RATES FOR SELECTED IFFENCES BY SEX, Rates per 100,000 Male ard Female Population OFFCCE CATEGORIES _ ht F M F M F M F m F M F M F M F Murder-Capital/lst degree Murder-Non Capital/2nd degree Manslaughter Infanticide Attempted Flurder/Wounding Rape/Other Sexual Offences Assault Robbery Break & Enter Theft over $ Theft under $ Shoplifting Motor Vehicle Theft Fraud Prostitution Impair Driving 1, , , , , , , , Federal Statute Drugs Liquor Act 1, , , , , , , , Other Criminal Code( 1 ) , , , TOTAL 5, , , , , , , , PERCENT CHANGE OVER PREVIOUS YEAR ( 1 ) Other Crilninal Code offences include possession of stolen goods, gamin, and betting, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbing the peace, kidnappirq, obstructirq peace officer, wilful damage ard other Criminal Code. (-) The rate calculated per 100,000 population was below 0.1. Source: 1981 Census of Canada, Statistics Canada Catalogue ; Statistics Canada, Demography Division, unpublished updates; Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205; Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue # Updated December, 1986

187 SEC TION VI TABLE 32 (Continued) FENPLE OF FEW( RS Rates per 100,000 Male ard Female Population OFFEWE CATEGORIES Rate Charge Percent Change M F M F M F M F Murder-Capital/lst degree Murder-Non Capital/2nd degree Manslaughter Infanticide Attempted Murder/Wounding Rape/Other Sexual Offences Assault Robbery Break & Enter Theft over $ Theft under $ Shopliftirg Motor Vehicle Theft Freud Prostitution Impaired Driving 1, , Federal Statute Drugs Ligon' Act 1, , Other Criminal Code( 1 ) TOTAL 6, , PERCENT CHANGE OVER PREVIOUS YEAR

188 SECTION VI TABLE 33 CHARGING RATES FOR VIOLENT, PROPERTY AND OTHER OFFENCES BY SEX, Rates per 100,000 Male and Female Population FEMALE OFFENDER! YEAR MALES FEMALES VIOLENT( 1 ) PR0PERTY( 2 ) OTHER( 3 ) VIOLENT( 1 ) PROPERTY( 2 ) 0THER( 3 ) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,308.7( 4 ) ( 4 ) , , RATE CHANGE (1) Violent offences include murder, manslaughter infanticide, attempted murder, wounding, rape, other sexual offences, assault and robbery. (2) Property offences include break and enter, theft over $200, theft under $200, fraud, shoplifting, and motor vehicle theft. (3) Other includes prostitution, impaired driving, possession of stolen goods, gaming and betting, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbing the peace, kidnapping, obstructing public peace officer, wilful damage, other Criminal Code and federal statute drug offences. (4) UCR data categorization in 1983 included Other Crimes of Violence which counts sexual assault and assault data recorded by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 on January 3, This category provides for charges laid under the previous legislation between January 1 and January 3, In addition, police reporting practices may have lagged behind changes to the legislation. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue, # Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue # Updated December, 1986

189 FEMALE SECTION VI TABLE 34 PERSONS CHARŒD WITH SELECTED TRAFFIC OFFENCES, OFFENDERS M r Fr F M F ri F ri F M F ri F pi F CRIMINAL CODE Criminal Negligence - causing death e Criminal Negligence - causing bodily harm Criminal Negligence - operating a motor vehicle Fail to Stop or Remain( 1 ) 10, , ,098 1,013 9,624 1,033 9, ,614 1,097 9, , Dangerous Driving( 2 ) 5, , , , , , , , Fail or refuse to provide breath sample 11, , , , , , , , Driving.hile impaired 126,072 4, ,665 5, ,770 6, ,693 6, ,396 7, ,126 8, ,240 9, ,235 8,788 Driving while disqualified - Licence suspended( 3 ) 20, , , , , , , , SUB-T0 TAL 176,052 6, ,477 7, ,882 8, ,379 9, ,903 9, ,924 11, ,444 11, ,621 10,470 PROVINCIAL STATUTE Fail to Stop or Remain( 1 ) 9, ,723 1,056 11,504 1,328 11,878 1,450 13,669 1,653 13,761 1,909, 25,528 1,920 14,234 2,219 Dangerous driving or without due care( 2 ) 47,456 4,653 48,828 4,933 36,188 3,861 35,115 3,864 46,940 5,592 45,857 5,852 46,784 6,213 40,428 5,645 Driving while disqualified - Licence suspended( 4 ) 2, , , , , , , , TOTAL 235,096 12, ,048 13, ,802 13, ,039 14, ,132 17, ,322 19, ,291 20, ,566 19,246 PERCENT OF IOTAL (1) When "Fail to Stop or Remain" is charged under the Criminal Code intent must be proved. (2) Dangerous Driving is charged under the Criminal Code for more serious infractions. Dangerous driving or driving without due care under Provincial Statutes is charged for less serious infractions. (3) The large decrease recorded in this offence between 1980 and 1981 tas the result of a decision by the Supreme Court of Canada on February 3, 1981 that declared this offence (Section 288(3) of the Criminal Code) unconstitutional. (4) The large increase reported in this offence between 1980 and 1981 was the result of the Supreme Court of Canada declaring Section 238 (3) of tl Criminal Code unconstitutional. Updated November, 1986 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205

190 SECTICN VI Pal 35 MULE OFFEKERS RAIES FIR FEFSENS CIPRED WITH SF1 nried IRKFIC EFTEICES, Rates per 100,000 Male and Female Population M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F CRIMINAL CODE Criminal Niagligence - casi ng déath Crmminal Negligence - casing bodily harm Criminal Negligence - operating a motor vehicle Fail to Sbpp or Ramain( 1 ) Dengerous Deiving( 2) Fail or refuse to provide breath sample Driving While impaired Driving While dristalified - Licence suspended( 3 ) TAL PROVINCIAL STATUTE Fail to Stop or Ranain( 1 ) Dangerous driving or without de care( 2) Driving While disomalified - Licence suspend(4) TOTAL (1) *en "Fail to Stop or Remain" is Charged under the Criminal Code, intent ust be proved. (2) Dangerous Driving is charged under the Criminal Cork for more serious infractions. Dangerous driving serious infractions. (3) The large decrease recorded in Uhis offence between 1980 and 1981 was the result of a decision by the Section 238(3) of the Criminal Code) unconstitutional. (4) The large increase reported in this offence between 1980 and 1981 was the result of the Supreme Court Updated Nbvember, 1986 Sdurce: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcanent Statistics, Annual Cataloge 1/ or driving without dœ care under Provincial Statutes is chargad for less Siprerre Court of Canada on February 3, 1981 that daclared the office of Canada daclaring Section 238(3) of tte Criniinal CocÉ Lnconstituticnal.

191 SECTION VI TABLE 36 PERSONS CHARGED WITH PROSTITUTION-RELATED OFFENCES, FEMALE OFFENDERS OFFENCE PERCENT CHANGE CATEGORIES M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F Bawdy House( 1 ) Procuring( 2 ) Soliciting 256 1, , , TOTALS 696 2, , , (1) Includes keeping, beirg an inmate of, found in, allowing a place to be used for a common bawdy house. (2) Includes obtaining women for the purpose of prostitution, living off the avails of prostitution. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue # Updated December, 1986

192 SECTION VI TABLE 37 'RELATIONSHIP TO VICTIM OF HO4ICIOE( 1 ) SUSPECTS BY SEX, FEMALE OFFENCERS RELATIONSHIP TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M 5 F 5 Domestic( 2 ) , Non-Domestic (Other)( 3 ) , Non-Domestic (Criminal)( 4 ) Total , (1) Includes murder, manslaughter and infanticide. (2) Includes immediate family, extended family, step relative, in-law relations, foster relations, and common law relations. (3) Includes social and business relationships, close friends, casual acquaintances and those which police are not able to estàblish a relationship (i.e. stranger). (4) Includes homicide committed during the commission of a criminal act where a relationship other than a domestic one existed. Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Law Enforcement Program (Homicide Project), 1985, unpublished data. Updated December, 1986

193 SECTION VI TABLE 38 FEMALE OFFENDERS METHOD OF COMMITTING BO4ICI0E( 1 ) OFFENCES BY SEX, TOTALS METHOD M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % r Shooting , Beating , Stabbing , Strangling Suffocation Drowning Arson Other/Not stated Totals , ) Includes murder, manslaughter, and infanticide. Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Law Enforcement Program (Homicide Project), 1985, unpublished data. Updated December, 1986

194 e FEMALE OFFENDERS SECTION VI TABLE 39 W(JMEN ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE BY REGION OF ADMITTING INSTITUTION( 1 ), REGION TOTALS Pacific Prairie Ontario Quebec Atlantic TOTAL ( 1) Includes admissions to federal institutions, transfers to provincial institutions and re-admissions for mandatory supervision and parole revocation. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

195 e SECTION VI TABLE 40 ETCHNICITY OF WOMEN SERVING FEDERAL SENTENCES IN THE PRISON FOR WOMEN AND PROVINCIAL INSTITUTIONS, FEMALE OFFENDERS Year Ethnicity Other/ Caucasian Native Not Stated Total 1980 Number Prison for Women 0. A Provincial Institutions % Number Prison for Women 0. A Provincial Institutions % Number Prison for Women 0., Provincial Institutions % Number Prison for Women % Provincial Institutions % Number Prison for Women 0. A Provincial Institutions % Total number on register June 30 each year. Source: Solicitor General, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System Updated December, 1986

196 SECTION VI TABLE 41 RACE AND LANGUAGE OF WOMEN SERVING FEDERAL SENTENCES IN THE PRISON FOR WOMEN, AND PROVINCIAL INSTITUTIONS, FEMALE OFFENDERS RACE TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS Caucasian Native Other/Not Stated LANGUAGE TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSFIEUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSIIIUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS English French Both Other/Not Stated Total number on register June 30 each year. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System.

197 SECIION VI TABLE 42 F134N_E OF FE1LE RS ADMISSIONS 10 THE PRISON FOR OMEN AND PROVINCIAL INSIIHITIONS - MAJOR OFFENCE, TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS Murder - First Degree Second Degree Manslaughter Attempt Murder/ Wounding/Assault Robbery Break & Enter fheft Fraud/Forgery Narcotic Control Act Other Criminal Code & Federal Statute a 5 3 a Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System.

198 SECTION VI TABLE 43 FEMALE OFFENUERS MAJOR OFFENCE OF WOMEN ON REGISTER UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE IN THE PRISON FOR WOMEN AND PROVINCIAL INSIIIUTIONS, OFFENCE CATEGORY TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL COUNT WOMEN INSTIEUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTIEUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS Murder Manslaughter Attempt Murder/ Wounding/Assault Robbery Break & Enter Theft Fraud/Forgery 12 e Narcotic Control Act/ Food and Drug Act Other Criminal Code and Federal Statutes( 1 ) Total number on register June 30 each year. (1) Includes kidnapping and abduction, criminal negligence, offensive weapons, prossession of stolen goods, rape and other sexual offences, prison breach, dangerous offender, habitual criminal, dangerous sexual offender, other Criminal Code offences, other federal statute offences. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

199 SECTION VI TABLE 44 FEMALE OFFENDERS ADMISSIONS TO THE PRISON FOR WOMEN AND PROVINCIAL INSTITUTIONS - LENGTH OF MAJOR OFFENCE, El 3 LENGTH TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTIIUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSfITUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS Less than 2 years to less than 3 years to less than 5 years e to less than 10 years 16 8 e to less than 20 years Life( 1 ) (1) Includes sentences of 20 years or more, preventive detention and indefinite sentences. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System.

200 SECTION VI TABLE 45 FEMALE OFFENDERS LENGTH OF AGGREGATE SENTENCE OF WOMEN ON REGISER MEER FEDERAL SENTENCE IN THE PRISON FOR WOMEN AND PROVINCIAL INSTITUTIONS, LENGTH TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT OMEN INsruurioNs Less than 2 years to less than 3 years to less than 5 years to less than 10 years to less than 20 years years to life or indefinite Total number on register June 30 each year. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

201 FEMALE SECTION VI TABLE 46 POPULATION ON REGISTER UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 ), OFFENDERS PERCENT YEAR TOTAL MALE FEMALE FEMALE ,659 8, ,284 9, ,573 9, ,708 9, ,473 9, ,727 9, ,798 9, ,630 10, ,505 11, ,941 11, ,369 12, RATE OF INCREASE (1) On register as of June 30 each year. Includes persons on day parole and federal inmates in provincial institutions in accordance with exchange of service agreements. Excludes persons in temporary detention due to parole or mandatory supervision suspension, and persons on mandatory supervision or full parole. Administrative policy was changed in 1984 wherein the criminal record of all persons granted a pardon were retroactively deleted from institutional records and the 0.I.S. data base pursuant to the Criminal Records Act Sec. 6(2). Discrepancies in population figures from previous years may be attributed to this policy change. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

202 SECTION VI TABLE 47 MALES AND FEMALES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 ), FEMALE OFFENDERS PERCENT YEAR TOTAL MALE FEMALE FEMALE ,923 3, ,941 3, ,974 3, ,175 4, ,966 3, ,981 3, ,317 4, ,556 4, ,158 5, ,362 5, TOTAL 43,353 42,308 1, PERCENT INCREASE ( 1 ) Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

203 SECTION VI TABLE 48 RATES OF INCARCERATION UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE BY SEX, FEMALE OFFENDERS Rates per 100,000 Male and Female Population YEAR MALE FEMALE Sources: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Statistics Canada, 1981 Census of Canada, Catalogue , and Statistics Canada, Demography Division, unpublished updates. Updated December, 1986

204 to SECTION VI TABLE 49 FEMPLE OFFENDERS. AGE OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL( 1 ) SENTENCE BY SEX, AGE TOTALS M F 1.1 F M F M F M F M F M F M F hi F M F M % F % 17 years and under , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and over TOTAL 4, , , , , , , , , , , , ( 1 ) Includes admissions to federal institutions, transfers to provincial institutions and re-admissions for mandatory supervision and parole revocation. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

205 SECTION VI FABLE 50 FEMALE OFFEWERS MARITAL STATUS OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL( 1 ) SENTENCE BY SEX, MARITAL STATUS TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % Single 2, , , , , , , , , , , Married/Ccmmon Law 1, , , , , , , , , , , Widowed Separated/Divorced , Unknown/Not stated TOTAL 4, , , , , , , , , , , , ( 1 ) Includes admissions to federal institutions, transfers to provincial institutions and re-admissions for mandatory supervision and parole revocation. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

206 SECTION VI TABLE 51 MAJOR OFFENCE OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 )8Y SEX, FEMALE OFFENDERS OFFENCE CATEGORIES , TOTALS M F 11 F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % Murder/Man81aughter , Attempt Murder/ Wounding/Assau1t , Rape/Other Sexual Offences , Robbery , , , , , , , Break and Enter/ Theft/Fraud 1, , , , , , , , , , , Narcotic Control Act/ Food and Drug Act , Other Criminal Code and Federal Statutes( 2 ) , TOTAL 3, , , , , , , , , , , , (1) Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. (2) Includes infanticide, kidnapping and abduction, criminal negligence, offensive weapons, possession of stolen goods, prison breach, dangerous offenders, habitual criminals, other Criminal Code, and other federal statute offences. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services of Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

207 SECTION VI TABLE 52 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION OF ADMISSIONS FOR VIOLENT, PROPERTY AND NARCOTICS OFFENCES( 1 ), BY SEX FEMALE OFFENDERS YEAR MALES FEMALES VIOLENT( 2 ) PROPERFY( 3 ) NARCOTICS OTHER( 4 ) VIOLENT( 2 ) PROPERTY( 3 ) NARCOTICS OTHER( 4 ) (1) Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. (2) Violent offences include murder, manslaughter, attempted murder, wounding, rape, other sexual offences, assault and robbery. (3) Property offences include break and enter, theft over $200, theft under $200, motor vehicle theft and fraud. (4) "Other" includes infanticide, kidnapping and abduction, criminal negligence, offensive weapons, possession of stolen goods, prison breach, dangerous offenders, habitual criminals, other criminal code, and other federal statute offences. Updated November, 1986 Source: Ministry of the Solicitor General, Correctional Service of Canada, Offender Information Systems.

208 SECTION VI TABLE 53 FEM&E OFFENDERS LENGTH OF AGGREGATE SENTENCE OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 ) BY SEX, LENGTH OF TOTALS AGGREGATE SENTENCE M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % Less than 2 years( 2 ) , to less than 3 years 1, , , , , , , , , , , to less than 5 years 1, , , , , , , , , , , to less than 10 years , to less than. 20 years , years to life or indefinite , TOTAL 5, , , , , , , , , , , , (1) Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes ehissions to federal institutions and transfers to prcnincial institutions. (2)Federal sentences of less than 2 years reflect a sentence administration practice wherein a sentence is recalculated due to day parole revocation or beirg unlawfully at large. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System Updated December, 1986

209 SECTION VI TABLE 54 FINPLE OFFENOEFIS PERCENT DISTRIBUTION OF AGGREGATE SENTENCE LENGTH OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 ) BY MAJOR OFF(NCE AND SEX, COMBINED Total Admissions Less than 2 Years 2 to Less Than 3 to Less Than 5 to Less Than 10 to Less Than 20 Years to Life( 3 ) Years 5 Years 10 Years 20 Years Totals OFFENCE CATEGORIES M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F Murder/Manslaughter 2, Attempt Murder/Wounding/ Assault 2, Rape/Other Sexual Offences 3, Robbery 10, Break and Enter/Theft/ Fraud 13, Narcotic Control Act/Food and Drug Act 3, Other Criminal Code and Federal Statute Offences( 2 ) 6, TOTAL 42,308 1, ) Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. 2) Includes infanticide, kidnapping and abduction, criminal negligence, offensive weapons, possession of stolen goods, prison breach, dangerous offenders, habitual criminals, other Criminal Code and federal statute offences. ( 3 ) Includes life, death commuted and preventive detention. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services of Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

210 FEMALE OFFENDERS SECTION VI TABLE 55 NUMBER OF PREVIOUS FEDERAL COMMITTALS OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FE1ERNL( 1 ) SENTENCE BY SEX, PREVIOUS COMMITTALS TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % No Previous 2, , , , , , , , , , , Previous , , , , , , , , Previous , Previous , Previous , Previous , More than 10 Previous TOTAL 4, , , , , , , , , , , , ( 1 ) Includes admissions to federal institutions, transfers to provincial institutions and re-admissions for mandatory supervision and parole revocation Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

211 FEMNLE OFFENDERS SECTION VI TABLE 56 NUMBER OF CHARGES FOR FEDERAL 'MMES ON ADNISSI0N(1 ), ( 2 ) CHARGES TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M % F % 0 Charges( 3 ) , Charge 1, , , , , , Changes , Charges , Charges , Charges , Charges Charges Charges Charges Charges , TOTAL 4, , , , , , (1) Includes admissions Io federal and provincial institutions. Also includes persons reporting on parole to federal institutions. (2) Number of charges within the sentence were not recorded after (3) Revocations for other than criminal code offences. Source: (1) Statistics Canada, Correctional Institution Statistics, Annual Catalogue ff

212 FEMALE OFFENDERS SECTION VI TABLE 57 TYPE OF RELEASE OF 'MUTES RELEASED UNDER FEDERAL( 1 ) SENTENCE BY SEX, TYPE OF RELEASE TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % Expiration of Sentence , Parole 1, , , , , , , , , , , Court Order Death Transfer to Provincial Institution Mandatory Supervision 2, , , , , , , , , , , Other( 2 ) TOTAL 3, , , , , , , , , , , , ) Includes releases from federal and provincial institutions. 2) Includes executive clemency, warrant expiry - inmate refused mandatory supervision, sentence reduced, transfer to other country, Lieutenant Governor's release. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

213 FEMALE OFFENDERS SECTION VI TABLE 58 PROPORTION OF SENTENCE SERVED BEFORE RELEASE ON FULL PAROLE( 1 ) BY FEMALE FEDERAL INMATES, PROPORTION OF SENTENCE SERVED ( 2 ) TOTAL NO. PERCENT 33 percent percent percent percent percent percent and over TOTAL I (1) Excludes life and indefinite sentences as a percentage of time is not a relevant measure. (2) 1981 figures exclude parole for deportation and parole by exception. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information

214 SECTION VI FABLE 59 TIME SERVED BY INMATES RELEASED UNDER FEDERAL( 1 ) SENTENCE BY SEX, FEMPLE OFFEM)ERS TIME SERVED TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % Less than 6 months , to L.T. 12 months , to L.T. 18 months , , , , , , to L.T. 24 months , to L.T. 3 years , to L.T. 4 years , to L.T. 5 years , to L.T. 10 years , years or more TOTAL 3, , , , , , , , , , , , ( 1 ) Includes releases from federal and provincial institutions Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

215 . c.r) co "-t5 ON co -

216 ABOUT THE CANADIAN URBAN VICTIMIZATION SURVEY Early in 1982 the Ministry of the Solicitor General, with the assistance of Statistics Canada, conducted a victimization survey in seven major urban centres: Greater Vancouver, Edmonton, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montreal, Halifax- Dartmouth and St. John's. A random sample of residents who were 16 years of age or older were asked about their perceptions of crime and the criminal justice system, their experience of certain crimes, and the impact which criminal victimization may have had upon them. Because of the relatively low incidence in any one year of some types of crimes included in the survey, very large samples are required to ensure that enough cases are "caught" to be statistically representative of all actual cases in the community under study. Sample sizes ranged from 6,910 in one city to 9,563 in another, with more than 61,000 telephone interviews completed by Statistics Canada interviewers overall. Telephone interviews were used because the cost of interviewing in person for such a large survey was prohibitive. Careful pretests in Edmonton, Hamilton and Greater Vancouver had proven that reliable data could be obtained through telephone interviews. To maximize reliability of recall, respondents were asked to report on only those incidents which had occurred between January 1 and December 31, On the basis of these interviews, statistical estimates were made for the general population 16 and over in the seven cities. These statistically derived estimates for the population are used throughout this report.

217 - 2- Victimization surveys can provide information about most, but not all types of crimes that are of major concern to the general public. Crimes such as murder or kidnapping cannot be uncovered using survey techniques, and were therefore excluded. "Victimless" crimes and crimes committed against commercial establishments were also excluded from this survey. The eight categories of crimes included in this survey are: sexual assault, robbery, break and enter, motor vehicle theft, theft of household property, theft of personal property and vandalism. Incidents involving the commission of several different criminal acts appear in the tables only once, according to the most serious component of the event. For example, if sexual assault, theft of money and vandalism all occurred at the same time, the incidents would be classified in these tables as sexual assault. An incident would be classified as vandalism (least serious on the hierarchy) only if no other more serious crime occurred at the same time. Full definitions of the eight offence categories can be found in Appendix 1.

218 SECTION Seven Cities VIIA TABLE 60 INCIDENT RATES C.U. V.S. Personal Offences Population aged 16 and older in seven cities = 4,975,900 Males = 2,357,000 Females = 2,618,900 Type of Incident Estimated Incidents Rates per 1000 Population 16 and older Total Males Females All personal incidents 702, All violent incidents 352, Sexual Assaults 17, Ill, Robbery 49, Assault 285, Personal Theft 349, Household Offences Total households in seven cities = 2,424,900 Type of Incident Estimated Incidents Rate per 1000 Households All household incidents 898, Break and Enter 227, Motor Vehicle Theft 40, Household Theft 417, Vandalism 213,100 (1) Personal incidents include sexual assault, robbery, assault and personal theft. (2) Violent incidents include sexual assault, robbery and assault. NOTE: Table 76 contains updated data. 88

219 C. U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 61 Seven Cities NUMBER OF INCIDENTS OF SELECTED TYPES AND PROPORTION NOT REPORTED TO POLICE Percent of Estimated Estimated Percent Percent fype of Incident Incidents Incidents Unreported Reported Sexual Assault 17, Robbery 49, Assault 285, Break & Enter 227, Motor Vehicle Theft 40, Household Theft 417, Personal Theft 349, Vandalism 213, TOTAL 1,600,

220 C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 62 INCIDENT RATE BY FAMILY INCOME RATES PER 1,000 POPULATION Annual Family Sexual Personal Income Assault Robbery Assault Theft Less than $9, $9,000-14, $15,000-19, $20,000-24,999 3* $25,000-29,999 1** $30,000-39,999 3* $40,000 or more 2* * The actual count was low (11 to 20), therefore caution should be exercised when interpreting this rate. ** The actual count was very low (10 or fewer), therefore extreme caution should be exercised when interpreting this rate.

221 C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 63 INCIDENT RATE BY FAMILY INCOME RATES PER 1,000 HOUSEHOLD Annual Family Break & Motor Vehicle Household Income Enter Theft Theft Vandalism Less than $9, $9,000-14, $15,000-19, $20,000-24, $25,000-29, $30,000-39, $40,000 or more

222 C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 64 INCIDENT RATES BY AVERAGE NUMBER OF EVENING ACTIVITIES OUTSIDE THE HOME PER MONTH RATES PER 1,000 POPULATION Evening Sexual Personal Activities Assault Robbery Assault Theft or more

223 C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 65 PROPORTION OF UNREPORTED INCIDENTS BY TYPE OF CRIME IN SEVEN CITIES Halifax Seven. Vancouver Edmonton Winnipeg Toronto Montreal Dartmouth St. John's Cities Range Diff. ' Sexual Assault 68 (5)( 1 ) 85 (7) 67 (4) 60 (2) 50 (1) 71 (6) 60 (3) 62 (50-85) 35 Robbery 57 (6) 54 (1) 58 (7) 54 (2) 55 (3) 55 (4) 56 (5) 55 (54-58) 4 Assault 66 (4) 68 (6) 77 (7) 64 (2) 61 (1) 65 (3) 67 (5) 66 (61-77) 15 Break & Enter 39 (7) 38 (5) 38 (4) 35 (3) 34 (2) 39 (6) 32 (1) 36 (32-39) 7 Motor Vehicle Theft 29 (6) 23 (1) 27 (4) 28 (5) 33 (7) 26 (3) 26 (2) 30 (23-33) 10 Household Theft 61 (7) 54 (4) 53 (3) 54 (5) 54 (6) 52 (1) 52 (2) 56 (52-61) 9 Personal Theft 71 (4) 70 (3) 75 (7) 70 (2) 69 (1) 72 (5) 74 (6) 71 (69-75) 6 Vandalism 71 (6) 61 (2) 62 (3) 63 (4) 64 (5) 60 (1) 73 (7) 65 (60-73) 13 Total 62 (7) 58 (4) 60 (5) 58 (3) 55 (1) 58 (2) 61 (6) 58 (55-62) 7 (1) Numbers in brackets indicate the rank-ordering of cities within offence categories. A "1" indicates the city with the lowest percentage of unreported incidents, and a "7" the city with the highest percentage.

224 SECTION VIIA TABLE 66 REASONS GIVEN FOR FAILURE TO REPORT INCIDENTS TO THE POLICE BY OFFENCE CATEGORY Sexual Theft H.H. Per. Vanda- Assault Robbery Assault B&E M.V. Theft Theft lism Total Nothing Taken , Police Couldn't Do Anything , tuar Revenge ** ,000 4 Protebt Offender 16 Too Minor 26 Inconvenience ** Personal Matter ** , , , ** , Reported to Another Official ** Negative Attitude of Police 43 ** 7 7 ** ** , ,000 8 Overall % Unreported Number Unreported 11,000 27, ,000 81,000 12, , , , , Columns do no add to 100% since respondents could indicate more than one reason for failure to report any one incident. Numbers may not add to totals given due to rounding. ** The actual count was very low (10 or fewer), therefore extreme caution should be exercised when interpreting this percentage.

225 C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 67 REASONS GIVEN FOR FAILURE TO REPORT PERSONAL VIOLENT. INCIDENTS BY TYPE OF INCIDENT AND SEX OF VICTIMS Sexual Assault Robbery Assault Of Of Of /0 /0 /0 Fear of Revenge by Offender All Males 19** 11 7 Females Concern with Attitude of Police or courts to this type of incident All Males 6** Females TOTAL Incidents 17,200 49, ,700 Incidents Not Reported 11,000 27, ,000 %Sot Reported ** The actual count was very low (10 or fewer), therefore extreme caution should be exercised when interpreting this percentage.

226 SECTION VIIB TABLE 68 ESTIMATED INCIDENTS IN SEVEN CITIES C.U.V.S. TYPE OF ESTIMATED PER CENT CRIME INCIDENTS REPORTED Sexual Assault 17, Robbery 49, Assault 285, Break & Enter 227, Motor Vehicle Theft 40, Household Theft 417, Personal Theft 349, Vandalism 213, TOTAL 1,600,600 42

227 C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIB TABLE 69 REASONS GIVEN BY VICTIMS FOR FAILURE TO REPORT INCIDENTS TO THE POLICE REASONS PER CENT OF ALL UNREPORTED INCIDENTS No Perceived Benefit Too Minor 66 Police Couldn't Do Anything 61 Nothing Taken/Items Recovered 19 Costs Outweigh benefits Protect Inconvenience 24 Fear of Revenge 4 Concern with Attitude of Police or Courts 8 Personal Reasons Offender Personal Matter 6 13 Reported to Another Official 12 Overall % Unreported 58 Percentages do not add to 100% since respondents could indicate more than one reason for failure to report any one incident.

228 SECTION VIIB TABLE 70 C.U.V.S. PER CENT OF INCIDENTS COMING TO ATTENTION OF THE POLICE, BY CITY Per cent Reported in Halifax Reported Seven Cities Vancouver Edmonton Winnipeg Toronto Montreal Dartmouth St. John's Range ' Sexual Assault (5)* 15 (7) 33 (4) 40 (2) 50 (1) 29 (6) 40 (3) (15-50) Robbery (6) 46 (1) 42 (7) 46 (2) 45 (3) 45 (4) 44 (5) (42-46) Assault (4) 32 (6) 23 (7) 36 (2) 39 (1) 35 (3) 33 (5) (23-39) Break & Enter (7) 62 (5) 62 (4) 65 (3) 66 (2) 61 (6) 68 (1) (61-68) Motor Vehicle Theft (6) 77 (1) 73 (4) 72 (5) 67 (7) 74 (3) 74 (2) (67-77) Household Theft (7) 46 (4) 47 (3) 46 (5) 46 (6) 48 (1) 48 (2) (39-48) Personal Theft (4) 30 (3) 25 (7) 30 (2) 31 (1) 28 (5) 26 (6) (25-31) Vandalism (6) 39 (2) 38 (3) 37 (4) 36 (5) 40 (1) 27 (7) (27-40) Overall Percentage Reported (7) 42 (4) 40 (5) 42 (3) 45 (1) 42 (2) 39 (6) (38-45) Overall Percentage Not Reported * Numbers in brackets indicate the rank-ordering of cities within offence categories. A "1" indicates the city with the highest percentage reported, and a "7" indicates the city with the lowest percentage of reported incidents.

229 C. U. V. S. SECTION VIIB TABLE 71 COMPARISON OF TYPES OF THEFT HOUSEHOLD PROPERTY PERSONAL PROPERTY Estimated number of incidents 417, ,900 Rates per 1, * 70** Percentage of incidents with dollar loss Percentage reported to police % Attempted incidents Reported % Completed incidents Reported Mean gross loss Mean recovery Means net loss Percent of loss recovered $264*** $225*** $120 $ 65 $144 $ * Rate per 1,000 households. ** Rate per 1,000 population 16 and older *** Includes only those incidents in which there was an actual loss

230 C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIB TABLE 72 ECONOMIC LOSS* AND RECOVERY FOR INCIDENTS INVOLVING ANY LOSS, BY TYPE OF CRIME Type of Per cent Incidents Mean Gross Mean $ Mean Net Crime with Dollar Loss $ Loss Recovery $ Loss Personal Crimes Sexual Assault Robbery Assault** Personal Theft Household Crimes Break & Enter 67 1, Motor Vehicle Theft 72 3,512 3, Household Theft Vandalism * Economic loss in this instance includes costs due to theft and damage to property only. ** Loss in cases of assault is for property damage only.

231 C.U.V.S SECTION VIIB TABLE 73 REPORTING OF BREAK AND ENTER INCIDENTS BY CRIME CHARACTERISTICS ESUMATED PER CENT OF ALL PER CENT INCIDENTS BREAK AND ENTER REPORTED INCIDENTS ALL BREAK AND ENTERS 227,400* Forced entry, with theft 70, Forced entry, no theft 16, No force, with theft 51, No force, no theft 14, Attempted only, with force 57, Attempted only, no force 16, * In approximately 1% of cases it was not known whether the incident was reported to the police.

232 C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIB TABLE 74 REPORTING OF ROBBERY INCIDENTS BY CRIME CHARACTERISTICS ESTIMATED PER CENT OF PER CENT INCIDENTS ALL ROBBERIES REP0RTED( 1 ) All Robberies 49,200( 2 ) Completed Robberies 24, With a weapon 10, No Weapon 13, Attempted Robberies 25, Incidents With a weapon 11, No weapon 13, with No weapons Incidents with Weapons 27, , Incidents with guns 4, (1) In approximately 1% of cases it was not known whether the incident was reported to the police. Percentages are based on cases in which reporting status was known. (2) Estimated incidents may not add to totals given due to rounding. e

233 C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIB TABLE 75 REPORTING OF ASSAULT INCIDENTS BY CRIME CHARACTERISTICS ESTIMATED PER CENT OF PER CENT INCIDENTS ALL ASSAULTS REPORTED( 1 ) All Assaults 285,700( 2 ) Threats Only 137, Attacks 147, Weapons Used 98, Threats 59, Attacks 39, Guns Used 11, (1) In approximately 1% of cases it was not known whether the incident was reported to the police. Percentages are based on cases in which reporting status was known. (2) Estimated incidents may not add to totals given due to rounding.

234 SECTION VIIB TABLE 76 C.U.V.S. ESTIMATED INCIDENT RATES L OFFENCES Population aged 16 and older in seven cities = 4,975,900 Males = 2,357,000 Females = 2,618,900 Type of Incident Estimated Incidents Rates per 1,000 Population 16 and older Total Males Females All Personal Incidents* 702, All Violent Incidents** 352, Sexual Assaults 17, Robbery 49, Assault 285, Personal Theft 349, * Personal incidents include violent incidents plus personal theft. ** Violent incidents include sexual assault, robbery and assault. HOUSEHOLD OFFENCES Total households in seven cities = 2,424,900 Type of Lncident Estimated Incidents Rate per 1,000 Households usehold Incidents 898, III> Break and Enter 227, Motor Vehicle Theft 40, Household Theft 417, Vandalism 213, Please note that since the release of Bulletin Number 1, editing of the data tape has lead to minor alterations in some estimated numbers. Incident rates have not been affected by these changes.

235 C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIC TABLE 77 GROUPED INCIDENTS RATES BY CITY All Halifax/ Seven Vancouver Edmonton Winnipeg Toronto Montreal Dartmouth St. John's Cities Estimated Rates per 1,000 Population Personal Incidents( 1 ) 192 (1)( 4 ) 143 (3) 134 (4) 125 (7) 128 (5) 158 (2) 127 (6) 141 Personal Violent Incidents( 2 ) 100 (1) 71 (3) 68 (4) 64 (5) 61 (6) 76 (2) 58 (7) 70 Estimated Rates per 1,000 Households Household Indicents( 3 ) 458 (2) 393 (4) 463 (1) 277 (7) 382 (5) 377 (6) 405 (3) 369 (1) Personal incidents include sexual assault, robbery, assault and theft of personal property. (2) Personal violent incidents include sexual assault, robbery and assault. (3) Household incidents include break and entry, motor vehicle theft, theft of household property and vandalism. (4) Figures in brackets show rank ordering of cities.

236 C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIC TABLE 78 AWARENESS OF CRIME PREVENTION PROGRAMS Halifax/ All Seven Vancouver Edmonton Winnipeg Toronto Montreal Dartmouth St. John's Cities Percent Respondents Aware Neighbourhood Watch Block Parents Operation Identification Percent Households Participating Operation Identification

237 APPENDIX 1 DEFINITIONS AND LIMITATIONS The eight categories of crimes included in this survey are: sexual assault, robbery, assault, breaking and entering, motor vehicle theft, theft of household property, theft of personal property and vandalism. These offences are ranked in descending order of seriousness. 1. Se,ual assault includes rape, attempted rape, molesting or attempted molestation, and is considered the most serious crime. 2. Robbery occurs if something is taken and the offender has a weapon or there is a threat or an attack. The presence of a weapon is assumed to imply a threat. Attempted robberies are also included in this offence category. 3. Assault involves the presence of a weapon or an attack or threat. Assault incidents may range from face-to-face verbal threats to an attack with extensive injuries. 4. Break and enter occurs if a dwelling is entered by someone who has no right to be there. "No right to be there" differentiates, for example, between a workman who is in a dwelling with the permission of the owner and steals something, and someone illegally entering the dwelling to take property. The latter would be classified as a break and enter as are attempts to enter a dwelling if there is some evidence of force or knowledge of how the person tried to get in. 5. Motor vehicle theft involves the theft or attempted theft of a car, truck, van, motorcycle or other motor vehicle. 6. Theft or attempted theft of household property. 7. Theft or attempted theft of money or other personal property (not household property). 8. Vandalism occurs if property is damaged but not taken. Incidents which involved the commission of several different criminal acts appear in the tables only once, according to the most serious component of the event. Thus for example, if sexual assault, theft of money and vandalism all occurred at the same time, the incident would be classified in these tables as sexual assault. An incident would be classified as vandalism (least serious on the hierarchy) only if no other crime which is higher on the seriousness scale occurred at the same time.

238

239 C.J. PERSONNEL SECTION VIII TABLE 79 PERSON YEAR ALLOCATION BY AGENCIES - CORRECTIONAL SERVICE CANADA, NATIONAL PAROLE BOARD, ROYAL CANADIAN MOUNTED POLICE, AND SECRETARIAT YEAR C.S,C. N.P.B. R.C.M.P. SECRETARIAT , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Updated November, 1986

240 SECTION VIII TABLE 79a NUMBER OF POLICE, NUMBER MURDERED AND RATE CANADA C.O. PERSONNEL HOMICIDE (1) ( 1 ) RATE PER NUMBER 01( 1 ) NUMBER CC RCMP( 2 ) RATE PER YEAR NUMBER OF POLICE NUMBER OF POLICE 100,000 RCMP OFFICERS MURDERED 100,000 OFFICERS MURDERED POLICE OFFICERS ON DUTY R.C.M.P , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,072 0 _ , , , , , , , ,447 0 _ , , , , , , , , , , ,464 6( 3 ) , N/A 4( 3 ) N/A N/A N/A - Updated March 1987 Source: (1) Statistics Canada - C.C.J.S. Juristat Vol. 6 No. 2 (2)Statistics Canada - C.C.J.S. Law Enforcement Program (Homicide Project). (3) - Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police

241 SECTION VIII TABLE 79h CATEGORIES OF HOMICIDE VICTIMS IN NUMBERS AND RATES, CANADA C.a. PERSONNEL HOMICIDE VICTIMS KILLED (1) (1) (2) DURING THE POLICE OFFICERS YEAR COMMISSION KILLED IN THE OF A CRIMINAL ACT LINE OF DUTY TOTAL HOMICIDES RATE PER RATE PER RATE PER 100, , ,000 NO. POPULATION NO. POLICE NO. POPULATION * " N/A - 6( 3 ) N/A - 4( 3 ) N/A N/A - * Year of las execution. ** Year of abolition of capital punishment. Updated March 1987 Source: (1) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Homicide in Canada, Catalogue (2) Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics Catalogue (3) - Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police Bill C-84, an Act to amend the Criminal Code in Relation to the Punishment for Murder and certain other serious offences was passed in July 76. According to this Bill four forms of homicide now constitute first degree murder: planned and deliberate murders, murder of a police or custodial officer who is killed in the line of duty, murder committed in the course of certain criminal acts (hijacking, kidnapping, or sexual offences) or murder committed by a person that has been previously convicted of first or second degree murder. All other murder is second degree.

242 COSTS SECTION VIII TABLE 79.1 GROSS EXPENDITURES ON POLICING BY LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT C U RENT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) FEDERAL PROVINCIAL LOCAL( 1 ) YEAR GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT TOTAL ,967 36,590-89, ,892 41,748-94, ,847 50, , ,448 67, , ,275 78, , ,855 93, , ,647 98, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,177 1,009, , , ,224 1,181, , , ,267 1,430, , , ,375 1,673, , , ,130 1,864, , ,737 1,002,265 2,052, , ,867 1,073,768 2,233, , ,683 1,239,642 2,550, , ,275 1,426,861 2,987, , ,814 1,635,523 3,344, ,013, ,104 1,781,629 3,585,046 (1) Prior to 1971, police, law enforcement and corrections were grouped together, comprising one expenditure. From 1971 police expenditures have been noted as individual expenditures. - Data not available. April, 1987 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #

243 COSTS SECTION VIII TABLE 79.2 GROSS EXPENDITURES ON COURTS BY LEVEL OF GOVERNNENT, CU RENT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) FEDERAL PROVINCIAL YEAR GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT TOTAL( 1 ) ,383 33,110 41, ,595 34,113 44, ,719 40,327 52, ,467 44,562 57, ,375 51,843 65, ,148 56,848 73, ,517 85, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,651 (1) Excludes court expenditures for local government. These figures are included wih local government expenditures on corrections. Prior to 1971, courts and corrections were grouped together with police expenditures. November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-207

244 SECTION VIII TABLE 79.3 GROSS EXPENDITURES ON CORRECTIONS BY LEVEL OF GOVERNNENT, CU RENT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) COSTS FEDERAL PROVINCIAL LOCAL( 1 ) YEAR GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT TOTAL ,712 44,488-69, ,800 49,572-76, ,600 54,804-93, ,263 61, , ,246 71, , ,458 85, , ,221 99, , , , , , , , , ,177 12, , , ,413 16, , , ,099 17, , , ,181 14, , , ,761 16, , , ,357 17, , , ,525 20, , , ,932 20, , , ,613 21, , , ,049 27, , , ,840 30, , , ,107 33,624 1,066, , ,003 43,720 1,210,410 (1) Local government expenditures include courts and corrections. Prior to 1971, corrections and courts were grouped together with the police. - Data not available. April, 1987 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #

245 SECTION VIII TABLE 79.4a GROSS EXPENDITURE ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE BY LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT, CURRENT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) COSTS FEDERAL PROVINCIAL LOCAL YEAR GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT TOTAL , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,842 1,066, , , ,464 1,243, , , ,384 1,479, , , ,567 1,804, , , ,556 2,184, , , ,420 2,558, , , ,687 2,782, ,502 1,052,554 1,022,595 3,049, ,031,739 1,167,599 1,095,207 3,294, ,203,865 1,352,616 1,267,352 3,823, ,421,162 1,597,709 1,457,407 4,476, ,569,745 1,777,643 1,669,147 5,016, ,727,054 1,881,704 1,825,349 5,434,107 - Data not available. April, 1987 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # s

246 SECTION VIII TABLE 79.4b CRIMINAL JUSTICE EXPENDITURE ON A PER CAPITA BASIS CURRENT DOLLARS, COSTS CRIMINAL( 1 ) YEAR JUSTICE POPULATION PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE ,250 18, ,720 18, ,371 19, ,963 19, ,036 20, ,158 20, ,797 20, ,530 21, ,215 21, ,066,023 21, ,243,496 21, ,479,943 22, ,804,615 22, ,184,804 22, ,558,454 22, ,782,253 23, ,049,651 23, ,294,545 23, ,823,833' 24, ,476,278 24, ,016,535 24, (1) Comprises federal, provincial and local government expenditures for police, court and corrections. Prior to 1971 no local government expenditure on police courts and corrections is available. In thousands. November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Annual Estimate of Population for Canada & the Provinces, Catalogue #91-201

247 SECTION VIII TABLE 79.5a GROSS EXPENDITURE ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE BY LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT, BASE YEAR 1962 CONSTANT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) COSTS FEDERAL PROVINCIAL LOCAL YEAR GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT TOTAL , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,222 1,093, , , ,460 1,195, , , ,494 1,301, , , ,348 1,311, , , ,874 1,320, , , ,261 1,306, , , ,210 1,376, , , ,370 1,432, , , ,995 1,448,610 - Data not available. November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #

248 COSTS SECTION VIII TABLE 79.5b CRIMINAL JUSTICE EXPENDITURE ON A PER CAPITA BASIS, CONSTANT DOLLARS, BASE YEAR 1962 (THOUSANDS) CRIMINAL( 1 ) YEAR JUSTICE POPULATION PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE ,250 18, ,698 18, ,400 19, ,763 19, ,942 20, ,383 20, ,705 20, ,073 21, ,700 21, ,205 21, ,432 21, ,254 22, ,093,706 22, ,195,188 22, ,301,350 22, ,311,147 23, ,320,767 23, ,306,322 23, ,376,470 24, ,432,409 24, ,448,610 24, (1) Comprises federal, provincial and local government expenditures for police, court and corrections. Prior to 1971 no local government expenditure on police courts and corrections is available. In thousands. November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Annual Estimate of Population for Canada & the Provinces, Catalogue #91-201

249 COSTS SECTION VIII TABLE 79.6 EXPENDITURES ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES AND GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT CURRENT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) % OF TOTAL % OF CRIMINAL( 1 ) FEDERAL GROSS YEAR JUSTICE GOVERNMENT NATIONAL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURE PRODUCT , , , , , , , , , ,066, ,243, ,479, ,804, ,184, ,558, ,782, ,049, ,294, ,823, ,476, ,016, (1) Comprises federal, provincial and local government expenditures for police, court, and corrections. Prior to 1971, no local government expenditure on police courts and corrections is available. November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue # Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-204

250

251 SUBJECT INDEX GUIDE DIVISEUR CLASS SCHEDULE/HORAIRE TIME HEURE MON LUN. TUES MAR. WED MER THUR JEU FRI VEN. SAT SAM. FINAL EXAMINATIONS & PROJECTS/EXAMENS FINALS & MATIÈRES DAY JOUR DATE TIME HRE PLACE LIEU COURSE COURS NAME NOM TELEPHONE ADDRESS ADRESSE SCHOOL ÉCOLE CLASS CLASSE M IMO VS' I% IL I #8 2P.

252 CORRECTIONS SECTION IX A TABLE 80 PERSONS RECEIVING SENTENCES OF TWO YEARS AND MORE ADMITTED TO FEDERAL AND PROVINCIAL INSTITUTIONS, YEAR TOTAL , , , , , , , , , ,362 Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. This revised table does not reconcile with the table previously provided owing to a change in counting procedures. This table now excludes readmissions by revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Updated November, 1986 Source: Ministry of the Solicitor General, Correctional Service of Canada, Offender Information System

253 CORRECTIONS SENTENCES SECTION IXB TABLE 81 LENGTH OF AGGREGATE SENTENCE OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 ), TYPE OF SENTENCE Less than 2 years ( 2 ) to less than 3 years 1,345 1,252 1,289 1,373 1,287 1,270 1,394 1,506 1,575 1,744 3 to less than 5 years 1,123 1,173 1,205 1,320 1,194 1,183 1,331 1,415 1,576 1,644 5 to less than 10 years to less than 20 years years to life or indefinite TOTAL 3,923 3,941 3,974 4,175 3,966 3,981 4,317 4,556 5,158 5,362 (1) Excludes readmissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. (2) Federal sentences of less than 2 years reflect a sentence administration practice wherein a sentence is recalculated due to day parole revocation or beng unlawfully at large. This revised table does not reconcile with the table previously provided owing to a change in counting procedures. readmissions by revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. This table now excludes Updated November, 1986 Source: Ministry of the Solicitor General, Correctional Service of Canada, Offender Information System

254 CORRECTIONS RELEASE TYPE SECTION IXC TABLE 82 TYPE OF RELEASE OF INMATES RELEASED UNDER FEDERAL( 1 ) SENTENCE, RELEASE TYPE Expiration of Sentence Parole 1,271 1,058 1,483 1,569 1,727 1,420 1,585 1,683 1,854 1,676 Court Order Death Transfer to Provincial Institution Mandatory Supervision 2,429 2,554 2,823 2,923 2,567 2,676 2,661 2,509 2,858 2,980 Other( 2 ) TOTAL 4,082 3,886 4,632 4,849 4,715 4,627 4,751 4,774 5,327 5,278 Includes all release occurrences and not individual inmates (1) Includes releases from federal and provincial institutions. (2) Includes executive clemency, warrant expiry, inmate refused mandatory supervision, sentence reduced, transfer to other country, Lieutenant Governor's release. Updated November, 1986 Source: Ministry of the Solicitor General, Correctional Service of Canada, Offender Information System

255 SECTION IXC TABLE 82.1 SUCCESS RATES OF FULL PAROLE RELEASEs( 1 ) PAROLE SUCCESS RATES Year of Total Full Revoked With Revoked Without 0, A % Release( 3 I Parole New Offence New Offence Revoked Successful Releases No. V A No. v..., , , , , , , , , , ( 2 ) 1, ( 2 ) 1, (2) 1, (1) As of March 4, (2) As of June 18, (3) Some of those prisoners released during this time period may not have completed their period of supervision. Updated June, 1987 Source: Information Services, Correctional Service Canada

256 SECTION IXC TABLE 82.2 SUCCESS RATES OF MANDATORY SUPERVISION RELEASES( 1 ) MANDATORY SUPERVISON Year Total M.S. Revoked With Revoked Without 0, A % of Releases New Offence New Offence Revoked Successful Release(3) No...._ % No. _% , , , , , , , , , ( 2 ) 2, ( 2 ) 3, ( 2 ) 3, (1) As of March 4, (2) As of June 18, 1987 (3) Some prisoners released during this time period may not have completed their period of supervision. Updated June, 1987 Source: Information Services, Correctional Service Canada

257 SECTION IXC TABLE 82.3 PAROLE RELEASES BY REGION( 1 ) PAROLE RELEASES REGION YEAR OF RELEASE( 2 ) ATLANTIC QUEBEC ONTARIO PRAIRIE PACIFIC CANADA , , , , , , , , , , , ,779 (1) As of June 18, 1987 (2) Some of these prisoners released during this time period may not have completed their period of supervision. Source: Information Services, Correctional Service Canada

258 SECTION IXC TABLE 82.4 M.S. RELEASES REGION MANDATORY SUPERVISION RELEASES BY REGION( 1 ) YEAR OF RELEASE( 2 ) ATLANTIC QUEBEC ONTARIO PRAIRIE PACIFIC CANADA (1) , , , , , , , , , , , ,481 As of June 18, 1987 (2) Some of these prisoners released during this time period may not have completed their period of supervision. Source: Information Services, Correctional Service Canada

259

260 SECTION X TABLE 83.1 TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED TO POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, TRAFFIC OFFENCES TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence - Causing Death Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle Fail to Stop or Remain 19, , , , Dangerous Driving 2, , , , Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 3, , , , Driving While Impaired 28, , , , Driving While Disqualified - Licence Suspended 6, , , , TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 63, , , , Federal Statutes 11, , ,066( 1 ) , Provincial Statutes 1,029,594 5, ,189,846 6, ,256,147( 1 ) 6, ,382,937 7,040.0 Municipal By-Laws 290,056 1, ,254 1, ,951( 1 ) 1, ,077 2,021.4 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain NA NA NA NA Dangerous Driving w/o due care NA NA NA NA Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled NA NA NA NA Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Mùnicipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue

261 SECTION X TABLE 83.2 TRAFFIC OFFENCES TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED 1 3 POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence - Causing Death Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle Fail to Stop or Remain 35, , , , Dangerous Driving 4, , , , Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 3, , , , Driving While Impaired 36, , , , Driving While Disqualified - Licence Suspended 9, , , , TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 89, , , , Federal Statutes 9, , , , Provincial Statutes 1,509,598 7, ,589,965 7, ,952,404 9, ,970,377 9,382.3 Municipal By-Laws 373,218 1, ,183 1, ,256 1, ,397 1,844.7 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain 10, , , , Dangerous Driving w/o due care 33, , , , Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled 2, , , , Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Mùnicipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & (2) 'Driving while intoxicated" was repealed, & "Fail or refuse to provide sample of breath" became effective December 1, Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue

262 SECTION X TABLE 83.3 TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED TO POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, TRAFFIC OFFENCES TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence. - Causing Death Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle Fail to Stop or Remain 46, , , , Dangerous Driving 5, , , , Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 4, , , , Driving While Impaired 76, , , , Driving While Disqualified - Licence Suspended 9, , , , TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 142, , , , Federal Statutes 3, , , , Provincial Statutes 1,822,507 8, ,821,367 8, ,011,298 9, ,140,243 9,686.7 Municipal By-Laws 412,261 1, ,707 2, ,590 1, ,833 1,818.7 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain 16, , , , Dangerous Driving w/o due care 47, , , , Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled 1, , , , Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & (2) "Driving while intoxicated" was repealed, & "Fail or refuse to provide sample of breath" became effective December 1, Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue

263 TRAFFIC SECTION X TABLE 83.4 OFFENCES TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED TO POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence - Causing Death Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle Fail to Stop or Remain 70, , , Dangerous Driving 6, , , Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 12, , , Driving While Impaired 132, , , Driving While Disqualified - Licence Suspended 15, , , TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 239,737 1, ,734 1, ,990 1,112.1 Federal Statutes 10, , , Provincial Statutes 2,269,590 10, ,371,492 10, ,674,074 11,571.1 Municipal By-Laws 318,690 1, ,404 1, ,940 1,548.9 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain 35, , , Dangerous Driving w/o due care 72, , , Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled 5, , , Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & (2) "Driving while intoxicated" was repealed, & "Fail or refuse to provide sample of breath" became effective December 1, Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue # (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue #85-206

264 SECTION X TABLE 83.5 TRAFFIC OFFENCES TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED TO POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence - Causing Death Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle , Fail to Stop or Remain 75, , , Dangerous Driving 7, , , Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 14, , , Driving While Impaired 140, , , Driving While Disqualified - Licence Suspended 28, , , TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 266,972 1, ,023 1, ,960 1,233.6 Federal Statutes 17, , , Provincial Statutes 2,789,894 11, ,638,773 11, ,984,719 12,608.9 Municipal By-Laws 393,122 1, ,701 2, ,271 2,823.1 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain 46, , , Dangerous Driving w/o due care 56, , , Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled 15, , , Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & (2) "Driving while intoxicated" was repealed, & "Fail or refuse to provide sample of breath" became effective December 1, Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue # (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue

265 SECTION X TABLE 83.6 TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED TO POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, TRAFFIC OFFENCES TYPE OF OFFENCE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence - Causing Death Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle 1, , , Fail to Stop or Remain 92, , , Dangerous Driving 7, , , Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 16, , , Driving While Impaired 152, , , Driving While Disqualified - Licence S4jspended( 3 ) 29, ,999( 3 ) TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 301,405 1, ,949 1, ,290 1,085.1 Federal Statutes 20, , , Provincial Statutes 3,227,153 13, ,377,365 13, ,152,195 12,796.1 Municipal By-Laws 703,314 2, ,677 3, ,293 2,627.6 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain 75, , , Dangerous Driving w/o due care 71, , , Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled( 4 ) 6, , , Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & (2) "Driving while intoxicated" was repealed, & "Fail or refuse to provide sample of breath" became effective December 1, (3) The large decrease recorded in this offence between 1980 & 1981 was the result of a decision by the Supreme Court of Canada on February 3, 1981, that declared this offence (Section 238(3) of the Criminal Code) unconstitutional. (4) The large increase reported in this offence between 1980 & 1981 was the result of the Supreme Court of Canada declaring Section 238 (3) of the Criminal Code unconstitutional. Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue # (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue #85-206

266 tr, 0..tD e z ei

267 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL GLOSSARY OF SELECTED TERMINOLOGY The ternis given below are defined in a statistical rather than legal manner. The definitions refer to identifiable categories of data which, while bearing some relationship to legal concepts, have no legal standing in themselves. The purpose of these definitions is to provide a common understanding based on accurate yet simplified information. Rigorously exhaustive explanations have been avoided. ACTUAL INMATE COUNT: This unit of measurement is used to provide an indicator of the average institutional caseload; i.e. the average number of inmates in custody at anyone time. All inmates detained are included in this count, regardless of admission status. Ideally the count is based on counts taken once a day at the institutional level, then averaged over the year. ACTUAL OFFENCE: Refers to a reported offence or an offence known to the police which investigation has proved to be "founded", that is, to have taken place or occurred. ADJUDICATION: Refers to the judicial decision as to whether the accused is guilty or not guilty of the offence. The use of the term is generally restricted to the context of juvenile courts. AGGREGATE SENTENCE: An aggregate sentence is basically a calculation in days, months or years of the total time to be served in a penal institution by an inmate. For multiple sentences this is the sum of the consecutive sentences. For those sentences to be served concurrently, the longest sentence is the aggregate.

268 BREAKING AND ENTERING: Entering "a place" (house, office, etc.) with intent to commit an indictable offence. It is not essential that force be used in "breaking". When a building contains several independently occupied residences such as apartments, suites, hotel rooms, or offices, each one entered would be scored. When a building has one occupant, for example a warehouse, store, shop, etc., and is broken into, only one offence is scored. DAY PAROLE: This type of release is usually granted to an inmate who is being considered for full parole. For the duration of his day parole, the inmate must return periodically (often every night) to the institution, a community correctional centre or a community residential centre (half-way house). Day parole may be granted for a maximum of 12 months but is usually granted for periods of four months. DIVERSION OR INFORMAL TREATMENT: The terms diversion and informal treatment have been used synonymously in the Canadian justice community to refer to the act of directing a person out of the formal, official criminal justice system. Because these terms have not as yet been given precise and specific operational definitions, they have been used interchangeably in this publication. The confusion stems from the number of possible points in the criminal justice system at which a person could be "diverted". This could happen: (a) after apprehension but before charging; (h) after charging but before a court appearance; and (c) after appearance in court but before adjudication. DRUG OFFENCES: Unless otherwise stated in this report, drug offences include all Narcotic Control Act and selected Food and Drugs Act Offences. These offences include:possession, trafficking, possession for trafficking, importing and exporting, and cultivation.

269 EXPIRATION OF SENTENCE: An inmate can be released through expiration of sentence, if there is less than 60 days remaining on the sentence, without any supervision. FEDERAL PENITENTIARY: Persons sentenced to federal penitentiaries generally serve terms of two years or more. Federal institutions have seven security classifications. Institutions with security classifications S1-S2 have simple physical barriers such as doors, windows, with normal household locks. Security classficiations S3-54-S5 have security ranging from a single fence with unarmed posts, to double fences or walls, with armed posts, and/or perimeter intrusion detection systems coupled, with immediate response capability in cases of internal emergencies. They include moderate use of physical barriers such as doors and may include unarmed posts. Security classifiation 56-S7 are highly controlled, with double fences or walls, armed elevated security posts and/or perimeter intrusion detection systems coupled with immediate response capability in cases of internal emergency. Internal security consists of doors and bars on windows and may include armed posts. Multi level institutions may house 51-S7 level inmates; with an S6-S7 level of security or as appropriate. They include regional recreation centres, psychiatric centres, and protective custody institutions. FEDERAL STATUTE: It is a statute passed by the Federal Government of Canada. Some of the statutes are: the Narcotic Control Act, the Juvenile Delinquents Act, the Immigration Act, the Income Tax Act, the Indian Act and the Parole Act. FIRST DEGREE MURDER: Four forms of homicide constitute first degree murder: planned and deliberate murders, murder of a peace officer in the line of duty, murder committed in the course of certain criminal acts and murder committed by a person who has been previously convicted of first or second degree murder. All other murder is second degree murder. (Anyone convicted of first degree murder who has served 15 years of the 25 year mandatory period before parole eligibility or anyone convicted of second degree murder, whose mandatory term exceeds 15 years and who has served 15 years of the sentence, may apply for a judicial review by a superior court judge and à jury to either reduce the remaining period of ineligibility or to be declared immediately eligible for parole. (Source: National Parole Board.))

270 FOUND DELINQUENT: Judgement of the court that the accused had violated a provision of the Criminal Code or of any federal or provincial statute or municipal by-law or been guilty of sexual immorality or a similar form of vice. This count includes those adults convicted or contributing to a child becoming a delinquent. HOMICIDE: A general category wh'ich includes any act in which the life of one person is lost at the hands of another person. This includes capital murder, non-capital murder, first and second degree murder, manslaugher, and infanticide. INDICTABLE OFFENCE: Offences categorized as indictable are generally more serious than offences punishable on summary conviction, merit more severe punishment, and may be dealt with by a more complex judicial procedure (e.g. jury trial). INDECENT ASSAULT: A sexual assault upon either a male or female in which a rape did not take place but in which a sexual molestation did take place. INFANTICIDE: A mother commits infanticide if she intentionally, by some act or omission, causes the death of her newborn child while she is mentally disturbed as an after effect of childbirth. The maximum punishment is imprisonment for 5 years. INMATE: Means a person who having been sentenced or committed to penitentiary, has been received and accepted at a penitentiary pursuant to the sentence or committal and has not been lawfully discharged therefrom (Source: Martins Related Criminal Statutes).

271 JUVENILES: Is a child who is at least 7 years old. The maximum age differs by province as follows: age 7 to 15 - New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Yukon, and the Northwest Territories age 7 to 16 - Newfoundland and British Columbia age 7 to 17 - Quebec and Manitoba In 1984 the Young Offenders Act was passed. This Act will standaridize the age of juveniles across the country as 12 to 17 years. LIFE SENTENCES: Inmates sentenced to life for murder before July 26, 1976 may become eligible after a minimum of 10 years. For those sentenced to life terms after January 1974, the eligibility date may follow the jury's recommendation bu the judge's pronouncement of the earliest possible date for eligibility is ultimately binding. This may be set at any time between 10 and 20 years. Inmates sentenced to life imprisonment on or after July 26, 1976 for first degree murder are not eligible for parole consideration before they have served 25 years. First degre murder covers all planned and deliberate murders; contracted murders; murder of police officers, prison employees, or others authorized to work in a prison; and murder while committing or attempting to commit rape, indecent assault on a male or female, kidnapping and forcible confinement, or hijacking. Anyone who commits a second murder, no matter of what nature, is considered to have committed a first degree murder. (Source: National Parole Board.) MANDATORY SUPERVISION: Penitentiary inmates who are not released on parole are entitled by law to serve in the community under supervision, the time accumulated by statutory or earned remission (Inmates whose penitentiary time began before July 1970, however are not supervised.) Remission commonly known as time off for good behaviour can be as much as one third of an inmates sentence. The inmate is not required to accept mandatory supervision and may remain in the institution until the expiry date of his sentence. Contrary to parole which is a discretionary act by the Board, release under mandatory supervision is a legal right. However, the Board has the authority to revoke mandatory supervision, and send individuals back to prison to serve the remaining portion of their sentence if the conditions of the release are violated or if the inmate commits a new crime. (Source: National Parole Board.).

272 MANSLAUGHTER: Manslaughter is culpable homicide that is not murder or infanticide. MUNICIPAL BY-LAWS: These are acts which regulate local activities and are legislation passed by municipal governments. Some examples are: parking regulations, jaywalking, loitering, etc. MURDER: In 1976, the Criminal Code was amended. Capital punishment was abolished and replaced with a mandatory life sentence for all those offences for which death penalties existed. The amendment reclassified murder, from capital and non-capital murder to first and second degree murder. Four forms of homicide constitute first degree murder: planned and deliberate murders; murder of a peace officer in the line of duty; murder committed in the course of certain criminal acts; and murder committed by a person who has been previously convicted of first or second degree murder. All other murder is second degree murder. NARCOTIC CONTROL ACT: This is a federal Act prohibiting the following: the unauthorized importing and exporting, trafficking, possession for the purpose of trafficking, simple possession and cultivation of specific drugs including opiate narcotics such as heroin, cocaine and cannabis. The Act established a system of control over the distribution and use of the drugs for legitimate medical or cientific purposes. OFFENCES CLEARED: The sum of offences "cleared by charge" and offences "cleared otherwise".

273 OFFENCES CLEARED BY CHARGE: An offence is "cleared by charge" when an Information (Form 2, Criminal Code) is laid against at least one person whose identity is established. This includes arrests, summonses to appear, appearance notices and warrants to apprehend. The offence is "cleared by charge" at the time an information is laid even though the accused is not arrested or brought before the court. OFFENCES CLEARED OTHERWISE: Refers to the situation where the offender has been identified, there is enough evidence to support the laying of an Information, but there is a reason outside of police control that prevents them from laying an Information and prosecuting the offender. An example would be if a person confesses to a crime and subsequently dies or the complainant or essential witness is dead and proceedings cannot be instituted. OFFENCES PUNISHABLE ON SUMMARY CONVICTION: Offences categorized as summary are generally less serious than indictable offences, merit less severe punishment, and are dealt with following a less complex judicial procedure (e.g. no jury trial). Except where otherwise expressly provided by law, a person convicted of an offence punishable on summary conviction is liable to a fine of not more than five hundred dollars or to imprisonment for not more than six months, or to both. ON REGISTER COUNT: This includes inmates temporarily out of custody i.e. on day parole, unlawfully at large, in hospital, on bail, temporary absences etc. (This count does not include temporary detainees.) Ideally, the count is based on counts taken once a day at the institutional level, then averaged over the year. OTHER FEDERAL STATUTES: This term refers to any federal statute other than the Narcotic Control Act. Statutes such as the Food and Drugs Act and the Juvenile Delinquents Act would be included in this general category.

274 - 8 - PAROLE: Full parole is the full time conditional release of an inmate. When paroled an individual is allowed to serve his sentence in the community until its expiry, unless he fails to adhere to the conditions of his release or the board has sufficient grounds to believe that he is returning to criminal activity, or the parolee actually commits a new crime. In such circumstances parole is suspended and may be revoked. (Source: National Parole Board.) PAROLE SUSPENSION: Members of the National Parole Board or persons designated by the Board may, by a warrant in writing signed by them, suspend any parole and authorize the apprehension of any paroled inmate whenever they are satisfied that the arrest of the inmate is necessary or desirable in order to prevent a breach of any term or condition of the parole, or for the rehabilitation of the inmate for the protection of society. Upon suspension the parolee is brought before a magistrate and remanded in custody until the case is reviewed. The case must be reviewed within 14 days and, at that time, the suspension must either be cancelled or referred to the National Parole Board which will, after completing its investigations, either cancel the suspension or revoke the parole. Inmates incarcerated on a suspension order are considered to be serving their sentence. PROPERTY CRIMES: Refers to Criminal Code offences involving the acquisition of money or material goods without the use or threat of violence against the victim. Included are: breaking and entering, motor vehicle theft, theft over and under $200, have stolen goods, and fraud. PROVINCIAL PRISON: Persons sentenced to provincial prisons generally serve ternis of less than two years. Provincial adult correctional institutions comprise provincial, district, county and municipal jails, reformatories, industrial farms, training and correctional centres, as well as satellites, and, in some provinces, reception and diagnostic units, and other special treatment facilities.

275 PROVINCIAL STATUTE: This is legislation passed by a provincial government. Some examples are: the Liquor Conrol Act, the Highway Traffic Act, Child Welfare Act and the Motor Vehicle Act. REPORTED OFFENCES: Offences reported to or known by the police comprise all offences and alleged offences, including unfounded offences, unsolved crimes and attempts. Also included are crimes committed previously but not detected by or reported to the police until the month of the report. ROBBERY: Acts of robbery include stealing with violence, threats of violence, and while armed. One offence is counted for each distinct operation carried out or attempted, e.g., if three persons in a store are held up and the store is robbed, a single offence of robbery is counted. If four persons rob one, only one robbery is scored. If one person robs four at the same time and location, only 1 robbery is scored. SECOND DEGREE MURDER: Any other murder is second degree murder and the mandatory period to be served before parole eligibility is between 10 and 25 years, as indicated by the sentencing judge after the view of the convicting jury has been sought. A person convicted of second degree murder and sentenced to serve more than the minimum 10 years, before becoming eligible for parole, may appeal this additional period of ineligibility to a court of appeal. (Source: National Parole Board.) SUSPENDED SENTENCE: The court, having regard to the age and character of the accused, the nature of the offence and the circumstances surrounding its commission, may suspend the passing of sentence in cases resulting in conviction. It is incumbent upon the released person to keep the peace and be of good behaviour, although supervision is not necessarily involved.

276 - 10- UNFOUNDED OFFENCE: An offence is considered unfounded when police investigation of a reported offence has established that a crime did not happen or was not attempted. Unfounded offences are subtracted from those "reported or known to the police" to arrive at the "actual number of offences". UNIFORM CRIME REPORTING (UCR): Refers to the crime reporting program which was developed by Statistics Canada in co-operation with the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police and instituted in Under this program, police departments at federal, provincial and municipal levels contribute police administration, crime and traffic enforcement data to Statistics Canada in a standard format. VIOLENT CRIMES: Refers to Criminal Code offences in which the use or threat of force against the victim is an intrinsic element. Included are murder, attempted murder, manslaughter, rape, other sexual offences, assault (not indecent), wounding, and robbery, and from 1983 on, adbuction. WARRANT OF COMMITTAL: The lecial doqument authorizino the conveyance of a person to an institution tor purposes ot incarceration is called a warrant of committal. In this publication, however, the application of the term is limited to penitentiary admission of persons who formerly enjoyed unconditional liberty, as distinct from persons readmitted for violating conditions of release. A NOTE ON RATES: A rate is the most commonly used statistic in the Criminal Justice System. Examples include: homicide rates, auto theft rates, police clearance rates, recidivism rates, etc. These are used as quantitative indicators of how rare or common an event is, and serve a variety of purposes. Among these purposes are: the allocaton of resources, comparisons between cities, provinces, or countries, and the determination of trends.

277 e

278 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. A Act, Food & Drug I U.C.R. Summary IV Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 Juvenile Delinquents III Juveniles Summary 14 Narcotic Control I U.C.R. Summary IV, Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 VI Female Offenders 42-43, 51, 52, 54 Admissions VI Female Offenders 39, 42, 44, 47, Age VI Female Offenders 49 Alberta V Population Juveniles 25 V v Population rupuidt Lun Provinces riuvinuub L All Offences I U.C.R. Summary I U.C.R. Violent 4 I U.C.R. Property 6 Arson VI Female Offenders 38 Assault III Juveniles Violent , 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32, 54 VIIA C.U.V.S , VIIB C.U.V.S. 68, 70, 75 VIIC C.U.V.S. 76 Assault, Other I U.C.R. Violent II U.C.R. Provinces Assault, Sexual I U.C.R. Violent VIIA C.U.V.S , VIIB C.U.V.S. 68, 70, VIIC C.U.V.S. 76 Atlantic VI Female Offenders 39

279 ITEM STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. A (Cont.) Attacks VIIB C.U.V.S. 75 Attempted Murder I U.C.R. Violent Il U.C.R. Provinces III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 III VI Juveniles Violent Female Offenders , 32, , 54 Attempted Robberies VIIB C.U.V.S. 74 Attitudes VIIA C.U.V.S. 67 Bawdy House VI Female Offenders 36 Beating VI Female Offenders 38 Block Parents VIIC C.U.V.S. 78 Break and Enter I II U.C.R. Property U.C.R. Provinces, Property III Juveniles Property III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32, , 54 VIIA C.U.V.S , 63, VIIB C.U.V.S. 68, 70, VIIC C.U.V.S. 76 British Columbia V Population 25,

280 e STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. C Canada V Population Juvenile 25 V Population Provinces Cannabis IV Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 Caucasian VI Female Offenders Charged, Al]. Persons VI Female Offenders 28 Total Adults I U.C.R. Persons Charged IV Drugs Adults 20 Females I U.C.R. Persons Charged VI Female offenders 27-28, Juveniles I U.C.R. Persons Charged Males I U.C.R. Persons Charged VI Female Offenders 27, 29-30, Children Found Delinquent III Juveniles Court 18 City, Seven VIIA C.U.V.S. 65, 70, Cocaine IV Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 Committals VI Female Offenders 55 Comparison - Types of Theft VIIB C.U.V.S. 71 Completed Robberies VIIB C.U.V.S. 74 Controlled Drugs IV Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 Correctional Service Canada VIII CJ Personnel 79

281 ITEM C (Cont.) STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Court Children brought to III Juveniles Court 18 Court Order VI Female Offenders 57 IXC Corrections Release Type 82 Criminal Code Offences 1 U.C.R. Summary U.C.R. Homicide 3 U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces 4 Homicide U.C.R. Provinces Violent U.C.R. Provinces Property VI Female Offenders 27 X Traffic Offences Criminal Justice, Expenditure VIII Costs 79.4b, 79.5b Criminal Negligence, Causing Death X Traffic Offences Causing Bodily Harm X Traffic Offences Operating Motor Vehicle X Traffic Offences Crime Characteristics VIIB C.U.V.S. 74 Crime Prevenmtion Programs, Awareness VIIC C.U.V.S. 78

282 I TEM SECTION STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX CATEGORY TABLES NO. D Dangerous Driving VI Female Offenders Traffic Offences Death, type of release VI IXC Female Offenders Corrections Release Type Delinquencies, All Involving Violence Against Property Juveniles Summary Juveniles Violent Juveniles Property Delinquent, Children found III Juveniles Court 18 Domestic, Relationship VI Female Offenders 37 While Driving While Disqualified/ License Suspended Impaired Drowning; method VI X VI VI Female Offenders Traffic Offences Female Offenders Traffic Offences Female Offenders Drugs Juveniles Summary 14 Controlled IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adults Drugs Juveniles Other IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adults Drugs Juveniles Restricted IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adults Drugs Juveniles

283 I TEM STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Economic, Loss VIIB C.U.V.S. 72 Recovery VIIB C.U.V.S. 72 Edmonton, Crime by City VIIA C.U.V.S. 65 Incident by City VIIB C.U.V.S. 70 Estimated Incidents VIIB C.U.V.S. 68 Ethnicity VI Female Offenders 40 Evening Activities, Incident Rates VIIA C.U.V.S. 64 Expiration of Sentence VI Female Offenders 57 IXC Corrections Release Type 82 Fail to provide Breath Sample Fail to Stop or Remain Family Income, Incident Rates by Fear Revenge, reasons given VI Female Offenders 34, 35 X Traffic Offences VI Female Offenders 34,35 X Traffic Offences VIIA C.U.V.S. 62, 63 VIIA C.U.V.S , 69

284 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. F (cont.) Federal Government Expenditure, Policing Courts Corrections Current Contant A Federal Sentence admitted under ethnicity race and language offence category population rates age marital status sentence length previous committals release types time served VIII VIII VIII VIII VIII VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI Costs Costs Costs Costs Costs Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders a 79.5a 39, , Federal Statutes Drugs Other VI X VI U.C.R. Summary Juveniles Summary Female Offenders Traffic Offences Female Offenders Juveniles Summary Female VI Female Offenders 27-28, 30-31, 59 Female Charged U.C.R. Persons Charged Female not reported VII C.U.V.S. 67 Food & Drug Act IV U.C.R. Summary Drugs U.C.R Fraud VI U.C.R. Property U.C.R. Provinces Property Juveniles Property Juveniles U.C.R. Female Offenders , 32, 42-43, 51, 54

285 I TEM SECTION G STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX CATEGORY TABLES NO. Gross National Product, Percent of VIII Costs 79.6 Guns - Incidents Used VIIB VIIB C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S H Halifax/Dartmouth Crime by City Incident by City VI IA VIIB VIIC C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S , 78 Heroin IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adults Drugs Juveniles Homicide VIII U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Homicide U.C.R. Provinces Violent U.C.R. Provinces Homicide Juveniles Violent CJ Personnel , b Household Crime, VIIB C.U.V.S. 72 Household Offences VI IA VIIC C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S Household Theft VI IA VIIB VI 1C C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S , 63, ,

286 I TEM STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. I Impaired Driving VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32 Incarceration Rates VI Female Offenders 48 Incidents, Number of VIIB C.U.V.S. 68 Incident Rates VIIA C.U.V.S. 60, 62, VIIC C.U.V.S. 77 Incidents Not Reported VIIA C.U.V.S. 61, 65 Incidents, Type of VIIA C.U.V.S , 65 VIIB C.U.V.S. 68, 70 VIIC C.U.V.S. 76 Inconvenience, reasons given VIIA C.U.V.S , Income VIIA C.U.V.S Infanticide I U.C.R. Violent II U.C.R. Provinces Violent VI Female Offenders Institution, Region VI Female Offenders 39 J Juveniles III III III III Juveniles U.C.R. Juveniles Summary Juveniles Violent Juveniles Property Juveniles Delinquent Act III Juveniles Summary 14 Juveniles - Dispositions III Dispositions - Provinces 14.1 Ill> Juvenile Offenders I U.C.R. Persons Charged

287 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX I TEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Language, Both English French VI VI VI Female Offenders Female Offenders Female Offenders Length of Sentence VI IXB Female Offenders 45, 53 Corrections Sentences 81 Licence Suspended VI Female Offenders 34, 35 Life VI Female Offenders 44, 45, 53 Liquor Act VI Female Offenders 28, 29, 32 le Local govt expenditures, ' Policing Corrections Criminal Justice Constant Dollars VIII VIII VIII VIII Costs Costs Costs Costs a 79.5a Loss Economic VIIB C.U.V.S. 72 Males VI Female Offenders 29, 46-48, 53, Charged non-report U.C.R. Persons Charged VI Female Offenders 29 VIIA C.U.V.S. 67

288 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. M (cont.) Manslaughter 1 U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32, 42-43, 51, 54 Mandatory Supervision VI Female Offenders 57 IXC Corrections Release Type 82 Manitoba V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces Marital Status, married VI Female Offenders 50 Montreal VIIA C.U.V.S. 65, 70, Ill, Motor Vehicle Theft I U.C.R. Property Il U.C.R. Provinces III Juveniles Property III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32 VIIA C.U.V.S , 63, 65 VIIB C.U.V.S. 68, 70 VIIC C.U.V.S. 76 Municipal By-Laws I U.C.R. Summary III Juveniles Summary 14 ' VI Female Offenders 27 X Traffic Offences Murder 1 U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent U.C.R. Homicide Province 3.2 U.C.R. Provinces Homicide 13 Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32, 42, 43, 51, Murder Attempted I U.C.R. Violent II U.C.R. Provinces III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32, 42-43, Juveniles Violent

289 I TEM STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Narcotic Control Act I U.C.R. Summary IV Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 VI Female Offenders 42-43, 51-52, 54 National Parole Board VIII CJ Personnel 79 Native VI Female Offenders Negative Attitude Police VIIA C.U.V.S. 66 Neighbourhood Watch VIIC C.U.V.S. 78 New Brunswick V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces Newfoundland V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces , Not Reported VIIA C.U.V.S. 61, VIIB C.U.V.S. 69 Northwest Territories V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces Nothing Taken, reason given VIIA C.U.V.S. 66 Nova Scotia V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces

290 ITEM SECTION STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX CATEGORY TABLES NO. 0 Offences, All U.C.R. Summary U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent U.C.R. Provinces Property Offences, Household VI IA VIIC C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S Offences, Personal VI IA VIIC C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S Offences, Property U.C.R. Summary U.C.R. Property , 6 Offences, Violent Summary U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Homicide U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent U.C.R. Provinces Homicide , Offenders, Juvenile U.C.R. Persons Charged On Register VI Female Offenders 46 Ontario Operation Identification V V VIIC Population Juveniles 25 Population Provinces C.U.V.S. 78 Operating Motor Vehicle, criminal negligence X Traffic Offences Other Crimes VI U.C.R. Summary Female Offenders , 42-43, 51, 54

291 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. 0 (Cont.) Other Drugs IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adult Drugs Juveniles Other Sexual Offences I Il VI U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent Female Offenders , 32, 51, 54 Other Types of Release VI IXC Female Offenders Corrections Release Types Pacific, region VI Female Offenders 39 Parole VI IXC Female Offenders Corrections Release Type Penitentiary Population VI Female Offenders 46 Per Capita VIII Costs 79.4b, 79.5b Person Year VIII CJ Personnel 79 Persons Charged, All I VI U.C.R. Persons Charged Female Offenders Personal Crime VIM C.U.V.S. 72 Personal Matter, reason given VIIB C.U.V.S. 66 Personal Incidents VI 11: C.U.V.S. 76 Personal Offences VIIA C.U.V.S. 60 Ill, Personal Theft VIIA C.U.V.S , 64-66

292 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. P (Cont.) Police couldn't do anything VIIA C.U.V.S. 66 Police Officers Murdered U.C.R. Homicide 3.1 VIII CJ Personnel Homicide 79a, 79b Police Officers Murdered, Number of RCMP Population, By Age By Province Canada Juvenile Female Male Youth Possession of Stolen Goods Prairie Region VIII VIII VI CJ Personnel Homicide CJ Personnel Homicide Population, Province Population, Province Population Population Age Groups Population by Sex Population by Sex Population Age Groups U.C.R. Property U.C.R. Provinces Property Juveniles Property Juveniles U.C.R. Female Offenders 79a 79a Prince Edward Island Population Juveniles 25 Population Provinces Prison for Women VI Female Offenders Procuring VI Female Offenders 36

293 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. P (Cont.) Property, Total VI U.C.R. Summary U.C.R. Property U.C.R. Provinces Property Juveniles Property Female Offenders , , , 52 Prostitution VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32 Protect Offender, reason given VIA C.U.V.S. 66 Provincial Govt Expenditure VIII Costs a, 79.5a Provincial Institutions VI Female Offenders Provincial Statutes VI X U.C.R.. Summary Juveniles Summary Female Offenders Traffic Offences Quebec. region VI Population Juveniles Population Provinces Female Offenders

294 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Race, Caucasian Native Other/Not Stated VI VI VI Female Offenders Female Offenders Female Offenders Rape I I V I U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent Female Offenders , 32, 51, 54 R.C.M.P. Numbers of Murdered VIII CJ Personnel Homicide 79a VIII CJ Personnel Homicide 79.a Reasons, given VIIA VIIB C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S Recovery, economic VIIB C.U.V.S , Relationship VI Female Offenders 37 Release, Revoked Successful Types of Time Served before IXC IXC VI IXC VI Corrections, Release Data Corrections, Release Data Female Offenders 57 Corections Release Type 82, Female offenders 58 Reported VIIA VIIB C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 61, Not VIIA VIIB C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 61, Reported to Another Official VIIA C.U.V.S. 66 Restricted Drugs IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adults Drugs Juveniles Revenge, fear of VIIA C.U.V.S. 67

295 ITEM T STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Theft VI Female Offenders 28, 29, 32, 42, 43, 51 Motor Vehicle I U.C.R. Property II U.C.R. Provinces Property III Juveniles Property III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32 Other III Juveniles Property Over & Under $200 1 U.C.R. Property H U.C.R. Provinces Property III III Juveniles Property Juveniles U.C.R Types of VIIB C.U.V.S. 71 Threats VIIB C.U.V.S. 75 Time Served VI Female Offenders 59 Too minor, reason given VIIA C.U.V.S. 66 Toronto VIIA C.U.V.S. 65 VIIB C.U.V.S. 70 VIIC C.U.V.S Total Crimes of Violence I U.C.R. Violent 2.1r-2.4 H U.C.R. Provinces Violent H U.C.R. Provinces Homicide H U.C.R. Provinces Violent Total Criminal Code I U.C.R. Summary I U.C.R. Homicide 3 I U.C.R. Violent 4 H U.C.R. Provinces Homicide H U.C.R. Provinces Violent H U.C.R. Provinces Property

296 SECTION ITEM R (Cont.) STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX CATEGORY TABLES NO. Robbery Attempted Completed VI VI IA VIIB VIIC VIIB VIIB U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Juveniles Violent Female Offenders C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S , , 32, 51, , , 70, le Saskatchewan Secretariat V V VIII Population Juvenile Population Provinces CJ Personnel Sentence VI Female Offenders 53, 58 Separated/Divorced VI Female Offenders 50 Sexual, Assaults, Offences VI VI IA VIIB VIIC U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent Juveniles Violent Female Offenders C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 2.1L , , , Shooting VI Female Offenders 38 Shoplifting VI Female Offenders 28, 29, 32

297 STATISTICAL ITEM RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. S (Cont.) Single VI Female Offenders 50 Soliciting VI Female Offenders 36 St. John's VIIA C.U.V.S. 65, 70 VIIC C.U.V.S Stabbing VI Female Offenders 38 Statutes, Federal I U.C.R. Summary III Juveniles Summary 14 VI Female Offenders 27 X Traffic Offences Provincial I U.C.R. Summary III Juveniles Summary 14 VI Female Offenders 27 X Traffic Offences ) Stolen Goods, Possession of I U.C.R. Property Il U.C.R. Provinces Property III Juveniles Property III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 Strangling VI Female Offenders 38 Successful Release IXC Corrections, Release Data Suffocating VI Female Offenders 38

298 STATISTICAL ITEM RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. T (Cont. Total Federal Statutes 1 U.C.R. Summary Total Homicide I U.C.R. Violent Il U.C.R. Provinces Total Property Offences I U.C.R. Property , 6 Transfer, Type of release VI Female Offenders 57 IXC Corrections Release Type 82 Type of Release IXC Corrections Release Type 82 u Unreported VIIA C.U.V.S. 61, VIIB C.U.V.S. 69 V Vancouver VIIA C.U.V.S. 65 VIIB C.U.V.S. 70 VIIC C.U.V.S Vandalism VIIA C.U.V.S 60-61, 63, Victims, Sex VIIA C.U.V.S 67 Killed VIII CJ Personnel Homicide 79b

299 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. V (Cont. Violence, total crime of U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Homicide U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent U.C.R. Provinces Homicide U.C.R. Provinces Violent Violent Offences VI Female Offenders 30-31, 33, 52 Violent Incidents VIIC C.U.V.S 76 Violent Other Juveniles Violent Weapons, with no VIIB C.U.V.S Widowed VI Female Offenders 50 Winnipeg VIIA VIIB VIIC C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S Wounding U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent VI Female Offenders 28, 29, 32, 51, 54

300 ITEM STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. X Y Yukon V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces

301 SOL GEN CANADA LIB/0 B_LIO UM I I HV 7415 S Statistical resource manual, 1986 DATE DUE

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