Model United Nations College of Charleston November 3-4, 2017

Transcription

1 Model United Nations College of Charleston November 3-4, 2017 Special Security Committee on Transnational Organized Crime, General Assembly of the United Nations, Draft Resolution for Committee Consideration and Recommendation Submitted for Revision by the Delegations to the Model United Nations College of Charleston, 2017 The General Assembly; Acknowledging that transnational organized crime affects all member states, Guided by the definition of transnational organized crime that is set by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime to be offenses committed in more than one state, crimes that take place in one state, but are planned in a different state, groups that operate in more than one state committing crimes in on distinct location at a time, crimes that affect other states that are not directly involved, Aware of the overbearing presence and corrupting impacts of transnational organized crime that include the global dependence on transnational organized crime to serve as the base of sovereign economic systems, Fulfilling this body s pledge to contribute to the achievement of security and justice for all by making the world safer from crime, drugs and terrorism, Fully aware of the multitude of social and economic dimensions which transnational organized crime can impact, Observing the human rights abuses that transnational organized crime creates, Having considered the negative impacts of transnational organized crime on international peace and security, 1

2 Fully believing that transnational organized crime disproportionately affects developing nations both politically and economically, Viewing with appreciation the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime initiative to combat the overall existing and emerging sectors of organized crime globally in the 21st century, Deeply concerned by the ability of transnational criminal organizations to launder money and raise funds for terrorist organizations, Taking into account that member nations who suffer most from the effects of transnational organized crime are least equipped to address it such as the sub-saharan nations of Africa, where poachers and exotic animal traffickers operate, Fully aware of the spread of counterfeit goods mostly originating in China, Deeply conscious of the overlap between conflict zones in which the UN has peacekeeping forces and areas of organized transnational criminal activity as in Kosovo and Guinea-Bissau, Viewing with appreciation the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime initiative to combat the overall existing and emerging sectors of organized crime globally in the 21st century, Noting with regret the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime's lack of research on the sections of emerging crimes such as cultural property, cyber, and organ trafficking, Referring to the UNESCO definition of tangible cultural heritage as paintings, sculptures, coins, manuscripts, monuments, archaeological discoveries, and underwater ruins and cities when defining cultural property in a trafficking context, Recognizing the importance of individual states sovereignty in dealing with transnational organized crime but that some member states such as Afghanistan, Moldova, Syria, and Somalia are unable to sufficiently combat it, Deeply disturbed by the multiple groups that are intentionally created to undergo criminal activity in order to make monetary profits for common groups such as terrorist organizations, Concerned by the number of organized crime groups that participate in illegal activity to receive both monetary and political capital within corrupt government bodies and systems, Having considered the 2010 United Nations Transnational Organized Crime Threat Assessment estimating the international illegal firearms market to be worth up to US $320 million, 2

3 Having examined the United Nations Convention on Transnational Organized Crime, which was adopted by UN Resolution 55/25 of 15 November 2000 and enforced as of 29 September 2003, Affirming the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime s commitment to rule of law and acknowledging its supplementary protocols to prevent the trafficking of women and children, migrants, and also the manufacture and trafficking of illicit firearms, Further deploring member states such as Russia, where the activity of transnational organized crime groups within their borders has increased precipitously since the 1990s, Expressing its appreciation with countries such as Turkey s creation of the Turkish International Academy against Drugs and Organized Crime to combat transnational organized crime on a global scale, Recognizing that transnational drug trafficking cartels can destabilize domestic security as in Mexico where at least 80,000 have been killed as a result of their activities since 2005, Noting with regret the violent and deplorable solutions the Philippines has dispatched to rectify drug trafficking, Recognizing the Kingdom of Thailand s Narcotic Suppression Bureau's efforts to ease the heavy trade of drug trafficking throughout its nation s borders, but failure to create sustainable legislation to prevent the global spread of methamphetamine, Alarmed by the use of cyber technology to enhance recruitment for transnational criminal activity, Fully Alarmed that 63,251 victims of trafficking in persons were detected in 106 countries between 2012 and 2014, Recognizing a study in the journal World Psychiatry showing that young people around the globe are dying at alarming rates from opioids, which are the most commonly trafficked drug. Therefore this Committee: 1. Encourages the United Nations to include the UNODC's mission to eliminate transnational organized crime within the Sustainable Development Goals of 2030 under the sector of Global Partnership for Development; 3

4 2. Deplores member states who do not decrease transnational organized crime within their borders and suggests sanctions be placed on these member states in accordance with the amount of organized crime present within their borders; 3. Requests that member states such as nations including but not limited to Thailand, Taiwan, and the Philippines who see an increase in transnational organized crime within their borders are required to contribute more funds to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime; 4. Calls upon all member states to create academies similar to the Turkish International Academy on Drugs and Organized Crime within their own borders in order to a. Train officials on how to handle transnational organized crime b. Educate officials on different types of transnational organized crime; 5. Calls upon the body to create global domestic councils in order to examine relations between transnational criminal organizations and the governments of member nations; 6. Designates that the global domestic councils will further contribute necessary internal research relating to the current and emerging crimes in order to identify a. Growing internal underground trafficking networks b. Specific corrupt government officials that collaborate with global criminals c. Alternative economic incentives to decrease the dependence on organized crime for monetary viability d. External and interdependent corrupt government relationships in relation to transnational organized crime; 7. Encourages the construction of an international penitentiary in Greenland for those convicted of organized transnational criminal activity with: a. A rotating administration of said facility among member nations, b. Capacity and staffing for 10,000 inmates, c. Funding for this penitentiary provided by member nations which allow transnational criminal activity to flourish within their borders, d. Russia and China contributing 75% of the construction cost; 8. Emphasizes the need for regular assessment of compliance with UN conventions on transnational organized crime so as to determine funding distribution for this international penitentiary; 4

5 9. Endorses the UN calling upon major world powers to impose trade sanctions upon all offending nations within the Middle East which host organized transnational recruitment of potential terrorists; 10. Recommends an international peacekeeping force specifically trained to combat drug trafficking with a focus on opioids and enforcing a global ban on opioids; 11. Further invites member nations, such as Turkey, that have lowered the number of victims of trafficking in persons within their borders to lead further work towards combating trafficking in persons around the globe; 12. Draws the attention of the UN to member nations who allow the most trafficking of persons within their borders such as Russia and Thailand; 13. Calls upon the UN to impose food and fuel sanctions on these member states until they address this issue; 14. Encourages the swift establishment of a review committee of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocols so that it may be amended and improved as soon as possible; 15. Requests the creation of a new office within the Department of Political Affairs Electoral Assistance Division which will address the new threat of transnational cybercrime manifesting itself in electoral tampering across borders, as well military sanctions against those member nations who interfere in other sovereign member nations domestic electoral affairs (ie. Russia); 16. Further recommends the creation of a new definition of transnational organized crime which accounts for the borders of nations in cyberspace: a. This definition will include punitive outcomes for member nations who host servers shown to have been used for transnational criminal activity, b. Adoption of an establishment of an International Criminal Tribunal for Cyberspace; 17. Further invites member nations to create domestic councils to conduct internal research into those emerging criminal sectors not covered by the 2000 United Nations Convention on Transnational Organized Crime. 5