PUBP : Immigration Policy and Politics

Transcription

1 PUBP : Immigration Policy and Politics Instructor: Professor Justin Gest Classroom: Founders Hall 121 Office: Founders Hall 553 Class times: Wednesdays, 4:30pm-7:10pm Office Hours: By appointment Course Description: This course examines the challenges posed by global migration and the political responses of national communities to this phenomenon. In the first half of the course, we consider the nature of migration, and the dynamics of immigration policy, border control and diversity. In the second half, we consider contemporary approaches to citizenship and integration, once migrants have become settled. We examine different regimes of integration and political incorporation, before concluding the course by considering the impact of transnational affiliations and supranational governance on a process that conventionally has been overseen by national authorities. At hand each week are some of the great social and political debates confronting American public policy and many other countries today. Who may join the state? What are the qualifications of membership? What are the limits of tolerance? What is the objective of migrants integration? Does the state have a responsibility to adapt to a diversifying constituency or must migrants adapt to the state? Should migration be governed by global institutions? By the end of the course, students will have a better understanding of how government institutions, society, and individuals have responded to immigration. Students will have a grounded conception of the classical structures of political membership, and how migration complicates that structure. Students will be fluent in the different approaches to integration and political incorporation. And finally, students will have a greater acquaintance with the transnational nature of contemporary migration and its relationship to local (and global) governance and policy. Prerequisites: There are no pre-requisites for this course. Students are expected to have varying levels of familiarity with concepts in political science and policy analysis. In any case, background reading is asssigned for Week 1 and each week offers supplemental material for further enrichment. 1

2 Assessment Requirements: Class participation and activities (20%) Two short policy memos due on October 5 th and November 2 th (20% each) One full-length, collaborative policy memo due on December 7 th. (40%) Short memos should be submitted electronically before the commencement of class on the due dates. Students are also asked to bring a hard copy to class. Late assignments: All assignments will be docked a three points for each day they are submitted late. Final papers will be docked six points for each day they are submitted late. Readings and Books for Purchase: Syllabus readings listed in bold are essential and available on E-reserve, while all others are supplemental for enrichment or research. Books recommended for purchase include: Gest, Justin Apart: Alienated and Engaged Muslims in the West. New York: Oxford University Press. Gest, Justin The New Minority: White Working Class Politics in an Age of Immigration and Inequality. New York: Oxford University Press. Bardach, Eugene (or 2012). A Practical Guide for Policy Analysis: The Eightfold Path to More Effective Problem Solving. Chatham House. NOTE: GMU ebook 2

3 Grading and Expectations: All papers will be marked for the strength and structure of their analysis, not the determination of the analysis. Students work will be evaluated on its rigor, the depth of its evidence, its organization and clarity, and the contextualization of its ideas amongst the others being studied. Students should take care to ensure that they avoid spelling and grammar errors. In the case of the final submission, students will be evaluated on similar grounds. However, a significant portion of evidence should emerge from primary and independently collected sources. As this course is a seminar, we will together discuss, analyze and debate key topics. This requires that all course participants come to class fully prepared, having done the assigned readings, completed the required written assignments, and having considered the issues and materials. It also requires that seminar participants contribute their thoughts and ideas to the collective conversation, engaging openly, thoughtfully, and respectfully. This course is depends heavily on content delivered and discussed during weekly meetings. Consequently, attendance is mandatory. Seminar participants are expected to notify the instructor in advance when their other responsibilities will prevent class attendance. Student grades will be lowered for unexcused and uninformed absences. If your schedule or professional obligations require you to miss more than two classes, you should consider enrolling in another elective or taking this course in a different semester. Office Hours: Students are encouraged to arrange office hours anytime by appointment. queries are also very welcome. Feedback: This course is meant to be intellectually stimulating, idea-based, open-minded, and real world relevant. It is very useful to receive student feedback about the progress of the course. There are three primary avenues for giving feedback, and students are encouraged to make use of them all. (1) An anonymous mid-term survey. (2) Book an appointment for office hours. 3) Students may stay shortly after class to discuss their ideas. Your input is valuable. 3

4 University Honor Code: Per the University s honor code, cheating, plagiarism, and lying will not be tolerated. These are defined in the University Catalog as follows: A. Cheating encompasses the following: 1. The willful giving or receiving of an unauthorized, unfair, dishonest, or unscrupulous advantage in academic work over other students. 2. The above may be accomplished by any means whatsoever, including but not limited to the following: fraud; duress; deception; theft; trick; talking; signs; gestures; copying from another student; and the unauthorized use of study aids, memoranda, books, data, or other information. 3. Attempted cheating. B. Plagiarism encompasses the following: 1. Presenting as one's own the words, the work, or the opinions of someone else without proper acknowledgment. 2. Borrowing the sequence of ideas, the arrangement of material, or the pattern of thought of someone else without proper acknowledgment. C. Lying encompasses the following: 1. The willful and knowledgeable telling of an untruth, as well as any form of deceit, attempted deceit, or fraud in an oral or written statement relating to academic work. This includes but is not limited to the following: 2. Lying to administration and faculty members. 3. Falsifying any university document by mutilation, addition, or deletion Schar School Policy on Plagiarism: The following is Schar School policy regarding plagiarism ( The profession of scholarship and the intellectual life of a university as well as the field of public policy inquiry depend fundamentally on a foundation of trust. Thus any act of plagiarism strikes at the heart of the meaning of the university and the purpose of the Schar School. It constitutes a serious breach of professional ethics and it is unacceptable. Plagiarism is the use of another s words or ideas presented as one s own. It includes, among other things, the use of specific words, ideas, or frameworks that are the product of another s work. Honesty and thoroughness in citing sources is essential to professional accountability and personal responsibility. Appropriate citation is necessary so that arguments, evidence, and claims can be critically examined. Plagiarism is wrong because of the injustice it does to the person whose ideas are stolen. But it is also wrong because it constitutes lying to one s professional colleagues. From a 4

5 prudential perspective, it is shortsighted and self-defeating, and it can ruin a professional career. The faculty of the Schar School takes plagiarism seriously and has adopted a zero tolerance policy. Any plagiarized assignment will receive an automatic grade of F. This may lead to failure for the course, resulting in dismissal from the University. This dismissal will be noted on the student s transcript. For foreign students who are on a university-sponsored visa (e.g., F-1, J-1, J-2), dismissal also results in the revocation of their visa. To help enforce the Schar School policy on plagiarism, all written work submitted in partial fulfillment of course or degree requirements must be available in electronic form so that it can be compared with electronic databases, as well as submitted to commercial services to which the School subscribes. Faculty may at any time submit student s work without prior permission from the student. Individual instructors may require that written work be submitted in electronic as well as printed form. The Schar School policy on plagiarism is supplementary to the George Mason University Honor Codes; it is not intended to replace it or substitute for it. Academic Accommodation for a Disability: The following is Schar School policy regarding accommodation for a disability: If you are a student with a disability and you need academic accommodations, please see me and contact the Office of Disability Services (ODS) at All academic accommodations must be arranged through the ODS. Use of Electronic Devices in Class: Seminar participants are expected to focus their attention entirely on seminar discussion during class meetings. They are expected to refrain from carrying on other professional or personal activities while the class is meeting. Seminar members engaged in other professional or personal activities during class time will be asked to leave the classroom until they are finished with such activities and to return only when they are prepared to participate in the seminar. Use of mobile phones in class is not permitted, unless otherwise specified. Seminar members who, for professional or other reasons, need to carry a mobile phone with them must turn these devices off or set them to vibrate. The use of computers or other electronic devices while class is in session is permitted but limited to seminar-related purposes. Seminar members with disabilities that necessitate the use of other electronic devices should inform the instructor and contact the Office of Disability Services (ODS). All accommodations must be arranged through ODS. 5

6 PUBP in Brief: 1) August 31: Introduction 2) September 7: Migration in History and Policymaking 3) September 14: No Class 4) September 21: Economic and Family Admissions 5) September 28: Humanitarian and Undocumented Migration 6) October 5: Citizenship in Theory and Practice 7) October 12: Citizenship and Admissions Barriers 8) October 19: Group Meetings 9) October 26: Diversity 10) November 2: Integration and Multiculturalism 11) November 9: Political Incorporation and Transnationalism 12) November 16: Development and Global Migration Governance 13) November 30: Presentations 14) December 7: Final Memos Due 6

7 1) Introduction (August 31) Boucher, Anna and Justin Gest Migration Studies at a Crossroads: A Critique of Immigration Regime Typologies Migration Studies, 3(2) Castles, Stephen and Mark J. Miller The Age of Migration, Third Edition: International Population Movements in the Modern World. Guilford Press. Chapters 1 and 2 (3 and 4 for a brief history). Massey, Douglas S Why Does Immigration Occur? A Theoretical Synthesis." Pages in The Handbook of International Migration: The American Experience, edited by C. Hirschman, P. Kasinitz and J. DeWind. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Tichenor, Daniel J Dividing Lines: The Politics of Immigration Control in America. Princeton: University of Princeton Press. Chapters 1 and 2. Freeman, G. (1995). "Modes of Immigration Policies in Liberal Democratic States." International Migration Review 29(4): Cornelius, W.T., Tsuda, P. L. Martin and J. F. Hollifield (2004). Controlling Immigration: A Global Perspective. W. California, Stanford University Press. Chapter 1. (See Chapters 2 and 3 for US) Hatton, Timothy J. and Jeffrey G. Williamson The Age of Mass Migration: Causes and Economic Impact. Oxford University Press. Massey, Douglas S., Joaquin Arango, Graeme Hugo, Ali Kouaouci, Adela Pellegrino, and J. Edward Taylor Worlds in Motion: Understanding International Migration at the End of the Millennium. New York: Oxford University Press. Aleinikoff, T. Alexander, David Martin and Hiroshi Motomura A Brief History of Immigration to the United States. Pp in Immigration and Citizenship: Process and Policy, 5 th Edition. Thompson West. Sassen, Saskia America s Immigration Problem. Pages in Saskia Sassen, Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money. New York: New Press. 7

8 2) Migration in History and Policymaking (September 7) On Writing Policy Memos: Bardach, Eugene (or 2012). A Practical Guide for Policy Analysis: The Eightfold Path to More Effective Problem Solving. Chatham House. NOTE: GMU ebook On International Norms: Boswell, C. (2007). "Theorizing Migration Policy: Is There a Third Way?" International Migration Review 41(1): Checkel, J. T. (2001). Why comply? Social learning and European identity change. International Organization, 55(03), On interest group theory: Freeman, G. (2006). "National Models, Policy Types and the Politics of Immigration in Liberal Democracies." West European Politics: On neo-institutional theory: Joppke, C. (1998). "Why Liberal States Accept Unwanted Immigration." World Politics 50: On economic theory: Massey, D. S., J. Arango, et al. (2006). Theories of International Migration: A Review and Appraisal. The Migration Reader: Exploring Politics and Policies. A. M. Messina and G. Lahav. Lynne Rienner Publishers, London: ) No Class (September 14) 8

9 4) Economic & Family Admissions (September 21) Economic Migration: IOM [International Organisation for Migration]. (2008). World Migration 2008: Managing Labour Mobility in the Evolving Global Economy. Geneva: IOM, Chapter 2, pages Jasso, Guillermina and Mark R. Rosenzweig Do Immigrants Screened for Skills do Better than Family Reunification Immigrants? International Migration Review, 29(1): Cerna, L. (2011). "The varieties of high-skilled immigration policies: coalitions and policy outputs in advanced industrial countries." Journal of European Public Policy 16(1): Freeman, G. P. and D. K. Hill (2006). Disaggregating Immigration Policy: The Politics of Skilled Labor Recruitment in the U.S. The human face of global mobility: International highly skilled migration in Europe, North America and the Asia-Pacific. M. P. Smith and A. Favell. New Brunswick, Transaction Publishers: Hainmueller, J., & Hiscox, M. J. (2010). Attitudes toward highly skilled and low-skilled immigration: Evidence from a survey experiment. American Political Science Review, 104(1), Scheve, K. F., & Slaughter, M. J. (2010). Labor market competition and individual preferences over immigration policy. Review of Economics and Statistics, 83(1), Family Migration: Kofman, E. and V. Meetoo (2008). Chapter 6: Family Migration. World Migration International Organization for Migration (IOM). Geneva, International Organization for Migration (IOM): pages Kofman, E. (2004). "Family-related migration: a critical review of European studies." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 30(2): Zlotnik, H. (1995). "Migration and the Family: The Female Perspective." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 4(2-3): Boyd, M. (1989). Family and personal networks in international migration: recent developments and new agendas. International migration review, Castles, S. (1986). The guest-worker in western Europe-an obituary. International Migration Review,

10 5) Humanitarian & Undocumented Migration (September 28) Humanitarian Migration: Suhrke, Astri and Aristide R. Zolberg Issues in Contemporary Refugee Policies. Pp in Migration and Refugee Policies: An Overview, edited by Ann Bernstein and Myron Weiner. New York, NY: Pinter. Thielemann, E. 2011, 'How effective are migration and non-migration policies that affect forced migration'. Migration Studies Unit Working Paper, vol. 2011, no. 14, pp.1-14 Crock, M. and D. Ghezelbash 2010, 'Do Loose Lips Bring Ships? The Role of Policy, Politics and Human Rights in Managing Unauthorised Boat Arrivals'. Griffith Law Review, 19(2), pp Hatton, T. J. (2004). Seeking asylum in Europe. Economic Policy, 19(38), Undocumented Migration: Cornelius, W. (2005). "Controlling 'Unwanted' Immigration: Lessons form the United States " Journal of Ethnic & Migration Studies 31(4): Orrenius, P. M. and M. Zavodny (2003). "Do Amnesty Programs Reduce Undocumented Immigration? Evidence from IRCA." Demography 40(3): Tichenor, D. (2002). Dividing Lines: The Politics of Immigration Control in America. Princeton, Princeton University Press. Chapter 9. Tichenor, D. (2009). Navigating an American Minefield: The Politics of Illegal Immigration, The Forum: A Journal of Applied Research in Contemporary Politics, Fall, 7(3), pp1-21. Andreas, Peter Border Games: Policing the US-Mexico Divide. Ithaca: Cornell. Preface (viixi) and Chapter 5. Weber, L. (2006). The Shifting Frontiers of Migration Control. Borders, mobility and technologies of control. S. Pickering and L. Weber. Netherlands, Springer: Donato, K., B. Wagner, et al. (2008). "The Cat and Mouse Game at the Mexico-U.S. Border: Gendered Patterns and Recent Shifts." International Migration Review 42(2): Chau, N. H. (2001). Strategic amnesty and credible immigration reform. Journal of Labor Economics, 19(3),

11 6) Naturalization and Citizenship (October 5) Citizenship Outcomes: Bloemraad, Irene Becoming a Citizen: Incorporating Immigrants and Refugees in the United States and Canada. University of California Press. Chapter 1. Howard, Marc Morjé The politics of citizenship in Europe. New York: Cambridge University Press. Introduction only. Janoski, Thomas Ironies of Citizenship. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Chapter 1. Castles, S. (1995). How nation-states respond to immigration and ethnic diversity. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 21(3), Robert Goodin, Enfranchising All Affected Interests, and Its Alternatives, Philosophy and Public Affairs, vol. 35, no 1, 2007, pp Brubaker, William Rogers Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Jones-Correa, Michael Participation in the American Polity: Why Citizenship Matters. Pp in Between Two Nations: The Political Predicament of Latinos in New York City. Itahaca, NY: Cornell University Press. DeSipio, Louis (2001), 'Building America, One Person at a Time: Naturalization and Political Behavior of the Naturalized in Contemporary U.S. Politics', in J. Mollenkopf, and G. Gerstle, eds., E Pluribus Unum? Immigrant, Civic Life and Political Incorporation. Russell Sage, Martin van Gelderen, The State and its Rivals in Early Modern Europe in Quentin Skinner, Bo Strath (eds.), States & Citizens. History, Theory, Prospects, Cambridge, 2003, Bauböck, Rainer (1992), Immigration and the Boundaries of Citizenship. Monographs in Ethnic Relations No.4, Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations, University of Warwick Ch. 2 & 4. Freeman, G. (2004). "Immigrant Incorporation in Western Democracies." International Migration Review 38(3):

12 Citizenship In Theory: Marshall, T. H. (1949/1965) Citizenship and Social Class, in: Class, Citizenship, and Social Development. Essays by T.H.Marshall, Anchor Books, New York: Aristotle, Politics; book III, i-v. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Social Contract, book II, chapters Robert A. Dahl (1989): Democracy and its Critics, Yale University Press: New Haven and London, chapter 9: The Problem of Inclusion, pp James Madison, Speech in Congress proposing Constitutional Amendments the Bill of Rights, in James Madison, Writings, ed. Jack Rakove, The Library of America, 1999, pp Will Kymlicka, Citizenship Theory in Contemporary Political Theory, 2nd ed., Ch. 7, p ) Citizenship and Admissions Barriers (October 12) Joppke, Christian Beyond National Models: Civic Integration Policies for Immigrants in Western Europe. West European Politics 30(1): Hainmueller, J., & Hangartner, D. (2013). "Who Gets a Swiss Passport? A Natural Experiment in Immigrant Discrimination." American Political Science Review. 107(1): pp Goodman, Sara Wallace Fortifying Citizenship: Policy Strategies for Civic Integration in Western Europe, in World Politics, Vol. 64, No. 4, pp Boucher, Anna and Justin Gest Migration Studies at a Crossroads: A Critique of Immigration Regime Typologies Migration Studies 3(2). Paul Statham, Marco Giugni, and Florence Passy. Contested Citizenship. Immigration and Cultural Diversity in Europe. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Chapter 1. Walzer, Michael Membership. Pp in The Immigration Reader: America in a Multidisciplinary Perspective, edited by David Jacobson. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers. Miller, David On Nationality. Oxford University Press. 12

13 8) Group Meetings (October 19) 9) Diversity (October 26) Gest, Justin The New Minority: White Working Class Politics in an Age of Immigration and Inequality. New York: Oxford University Press. All. Huntington, Samuel P "The Hispanic Challenge." Foreign Policy March/April: pp Citrin, Jack, Amy Lerman, Michael Murakami and Kathryn Pearson Testing Huntington: Is Hispanic Immigration a Threat to American Identity? Perspectives on Politics 5: pages Putnam, Robert E Pluribus Unum: Diversity and Community in the Twenty-first Century, The 2006 Johan Skytte Prize Lecture. Scandinavian Political Studies 30: pages Parekh, Bhikhu The New Politics of Identity. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan, Chapter 5: Sniderman, P. M. et al. (2000) The Outsider: Prejudice and Politics in Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Introduction only. Alba, Richard Mexican Americans and the American Dream. Perspectives on Politics 4: pages Jacoby, Tamar What It Means to Be American in the 21st Century. Pages in Reinventing the Melting Pot: The New Immigrants and What It Means to Be American, edited by Tamar Jacoby. New York, NY: Basic Books. Joppke, C. (2005). Selecting by Origin: Ethnic Migration in the Liberal State. Cambridge, Massachusetts/ London, England, Harvard University Press [has chapters on Australia and the United States]. Concentrate on Chapter 2 (pages 31-92). Weber, Max (1961) "Ethnic Groups" in Talcott Parsons et al., eds., Theories of Society. New York: The Free Press, pages Karl Marx, On the Jewish Question. Web. Pew Research Center. (2007). Muslim Americans: Middle Class and Mostly Mainstream, Pew Research Center, Forum On Religion & Public Life. 13

14 Pew Research Center (2011). The Future of the Global Muslim Population: Projections for , Pew Research Center, Forum On Religion & Public Life. Gallup Muslim Americans: Faith, Freedom, and the Future, Gallup Inc. Zolberg, Aristide R. and Long Litt Woon Why Islam is like Spanish: Cultural Incorporation in Europe and the United States. Politics & Society 27(1): Betz, H. G. (1993). The new politics of resentment: Radical right-wing populist parties in Western Europe. Comparative Politics, Sniderman, P. M., Hagendoorn, L., & Prior, M. (2004). Predisposing factors and situational triggers: Exclusionary reactions to immigrant minorities. American Political Science Review, 98(01), Weldon, S. (2006). The institutional context of tolerance for ethnic minorities: a comparative, multilevel analysis of western Europe. American Journal of Political Science, 50(2), ) Integration and Multiculturalism (November 2) Zhou, Min "Segmented Assimilation: Issues, Controversies, and Recent Research on the New Second Generation." Pp in C. Hirschman, P. Kasinitz and J. DeWind (eds.), The Handbook of International Migration: The American Experience. New York: Russell Sage. Alba, Richard and Victor Nee Rethinking Assimilation Theory for a New Era of Immigration. Pp in The Handbook of International Migration, edited by Charles Hirschman et al. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation. Rumbaut, Rubén G Assimilation and Its Discontents: Ironies and Paradoxes. Pages in The Handbook of International Migration: The American Experience, edited by C. Hirschman, P. Kasinitz and J. DeWind. New York: Russell Sage. Kymlicka, Will The Theory and Practice of Immigrant Multiculturalism. Pp in Politics in the Vernacular: Nationalism, Multiculturalism, and Citizenship. New York: Oxford University Press. Portes, Alejandro and Min Zhou The New Second Generation: Segmented Assimilation and Its Variants. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 530:

15 Alba, Richard and Victor Nee Remaking the American Mainstream. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Chapters 1-2. Ireland, Patrick R The Policy Challenge of Ethnic Diversity: Immigrant Politics in France and Switzerland. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Chapter 1. Bean, Frank D. and Gillian Stevens America's Newcomers and the Dynamics of Diversity. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Chapters 5, 6 and 10. Messina, Anthony A The Logics and Politics of Post-WWII Migration to Western Europe. Cambridge University Press. Chapter 7. Joppke, Christian Immigration and the Nation-State: The United States, Germany, and Great Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Glazer, Nathan Is Assimilation Dead? The Annals of the American Academy 530: Borjas, George J Heaven's Door: Immigration Policy and the American Economy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Chapters 1, 2, 6 and 11. Banting, Keith and Will Kymlicka Introduction - Multiculturalism and the Welfare State: Setting the Context. Pp in Multiculturalism and the Welfare State: Recognition and Redistribution in Contemporary Democracies, edited by Keith Banting and Will Kymlicka. New York: Oxford University Press. Barry, Brian Culture and Equality. An Egalitarian Critique of Multiculturalism. Cambridge: Polity Press: Taylor, C Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition. Princeton: Princeton U.P. Kymlicka, Will Multicultural Citizenship. A Liberal Theory of Minority Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press:, chapter 5: Parekh, Bhikhu "Equality in a Multicultural Society" Citizenship Studies 2 (3): Waldron, Jeremy " The Cosmopolitan Alternative." In The Rights of Minority Cultures, ed. W. Kymlicka. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 15

16 11) Political Incorporation & Transnationalism (November 9) Political Incorporation: Gest, Justin Apart: Alienated and Engaged Muslims in the West. New York: Columbia University Press. All. Bloemraad, Irene Becoming a Citizen in the United States and Canada: Structured Mobilization and Immigrant Political Incorporation. Social Forces 85(2): Koopmans, Ruud, Paul Statham, Marco Guigni and Florence Passey Contested Citizenship: Immigration and Cultural Diversity in Europe. Minneapolis: Univ of Minnesota Press. Brubaker, Rogers W Ethnicity Without Groups. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, chapter 5: The Return of Assimilation?: Favell, Adrian Philosophies of Integration: Immigration and the Idea of Citizenship in France and Britain (2 nd Edition). New York: St. Martin s Press. Ramakrishnan, S. Karthick Democracy in Immigrant America: Changing Demographics and Political Participation. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press. Chapter 1, 4, 5. Transnationalism: Levitt, Peggy The Transnational Villagers. Berkeley: UC Press. Introduction and Chap. 2. Smith, Michael Peter and Luis Guarnizo (eds.) Transnationalism from Below (Comparative Urban and Community Research, Vol 6). Chapter 1. Soysal, Yasemin (1994), Limits of Citizenship. Migrants and Postnational Membership in Europe, (Chicago: University of Chicago Press). Chapter 7. Gest, Justin Reluctant Pluralists: Western Muslims and Essentialist Identity Structures Ethnic and Racial Studies, 38(11). Basch, Linda, Nina Glick Schiller, and Cristina Szanton Blanc Nations Unbound: Transnational Projects, Postcolonial Predicaments and Deterritorialized Nation-States. Langhorne, PA: Gordon and Breach. Chapters 1 and 7. 16

17 Portes, Alejandro, Luis Eduardo Guarnizo, and Patricia Landolt Introduction: Pitfalls and Promise of an Emergent Research Field. Ethnic and Racial Studies 22(2): (This whole journal issue is dedicated to transnationalism.) Waldinger, Roger and David Fitzgerald Transnationalism in Question American Journal of Sociology 109(5): Bloemraad, Irene Who Claims Dual Citizenship? The Limits of Postnationalism, the Possibilities of Transnationalism, and the Persistence of Traditionalism. International Migration Review 38(2). Renshow, Stanley A. (2005), The 50% American. Immigration and National Identity in an Age of Terror, (Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press). Basch, Linda, Nina Glick Schiller, and Cristina Szanton Blanc From Immigrant to Transmigrant: Theorizing Transnational Migration. Anthropological Quarterly, 68(1): Portes, Alejandro Conclusion: Towards a New World the Origins and Effects of Transnational Activities. Ethnic and Racial Studies 22(2): Smith, Robert Courtney Mexican New York: Transnational Lives of New Immigrants. University of California Press. 13) Development and Global Governance (November 16) Development and Migration: Beine, Michel, Fréderic Docquier, and Hillel Rapoport. "Brain Drain and Human Capital Formation in Developing Countries: Winners and Losers." The Economic Journal (2008): Beine, Michel, Frederic Docquier, and Hillel Rapoport. "Brain Drain and Economic Growth: Theory and Evidence." Journal of Development Economics 64 (2001): Lodigiani, Elisabetta. Diaspora Externalities and Technology Diffusion. Rep. no UCL. Meyer, Jean-Baptiste, and Mercy Brown. Scientific Diasporas: A New Approach to the Brain Drain. Rep. no. 41. Budapest: World Conference on Science,

18 Acosta, P., C. Calderon, P. Fajnzylber, and H. Lopez. "What Is the Impact of International Remittances on Poverty and Inequality in Latin America?" World Development 36.1 (2008) Docquier, Frederic, and Hillel Rapoport. Skilled Migration: The Perspective of Developing Countries. Working paper no. 10/07. CReAM, Print. Kuznetsov, Yevgeny. Diaspora Networks and the International Migration of Skills: How Countries Can Draw on Their Talent Abroad. Washington, DC: World Bank, Messina, Anthony M. (2014). Securitizing Immigration in the Age of Terror. World Politics, 66, pages Wang, Yanling. "Trade, Human Capital, and Technology Spillovers: An Industry-level Analysis." Review of International Economics 15.2 (2007): Woodruff, C. and R. Zenteno. "Migration Networks and Microenterprises in Mexico." Journal of Development Economics 82.2 (2007): Yang, Dean, and Claudia Martinez. "Remittances and Poverty in Migrants Home Areas: Evidence from the Philippines." (2005). Global Migration Governance: Gest, Justin, et al Mapping the Process of International Norm Emergence: Migrants and Minority Rights Agendas, Global Governance 19 (1). Bauböck, Rainer Transnational Citizenship: Membership and Rights in International Migration. E. Elgar. Chapters 8, 9, and 13. Jacobson, David (1996), Rights across Borders. Immigration and the Decline of Citizenship, (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press). Chapters 1 and 6. Wong, T.K Human Rights in the Age of Migration: An Empirical Analysis of the Human Rights of Noncitizens, Working paper, May Seyla Benhabib, Claiming Rights across Borders: International Human Rights and Democratic Sovereignty American Political Science Review (2009), 103: Linda Bosniak, The Citizen and The Alien: Dilemmas of Contemporary Membership. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006, chapters 2 and 3: pages

19 Carens, Joseph H Aliens and Citizens: The Case for Open Borders. The Review of Politics 49(2): Walzer, Michael (1983) Spheres of Justice. A Defence of Pluralism and Equality, Basic Books, New York, Chapter 2: Membership. Carens, Joseph (1992) "Migration and Morality: A Liberal Egalitarian Perspective" in Brian Barry and Robert Goodin, eds., Free Movement (London: Harvester Wheatsheaf): Bosniak, Linda Citizenship Denationalized. Indiana J. of Global Legal Studies 7: Seyla Benhabib, The Rights of Others: Aliens, Residents and Citizens, Cambridge, 2004, Introduction, pp ) Presentations (November 30) 14) Final Memos Due (December 7) 19