FACTS AND FIGURES. Immigration Overview. Permanent and Temporary Residents. Citizenship and Immigration Canada. Citoyenneté et Immigration Canada

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1 Citizenship and Immigration Canada Citoyenneté et Immigration Canada FACTS AND FIGURES Immigration Overview Permanent and Temporary Residents 2005 C&I E

2 PRODUCED BY Research and Evaluation Branch (September 2006) For additional copies, contact: Communications Branch Citizenship and Immigration Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 1L1 Fax: (613) Internet: For additional information, including supplementary tables, visit All rights reserved. No part of this information (publication or product) may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, or stored in a retrieval system, without prior written permission of the Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0S5 or copyright.droitdauteur@pwgsc.gc.ca. Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada, Cat. no. Ci1-8/2005E-PDF ISBN Aussi disponible en français sous le titre Faits et chiffres 2005 : Aperçu de l immigration - Résidents permanents et temporaires.

3 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD...V OVERVIEW ANNUAL IMMIGRATION...1 Canada Permanent Residents by Category (No Backlog Reallocation)...2 Canada Reallocation of Backlog Cases...2 Canada Permanent Residents by Category (with Reallocation of Backlog Cases and Humanitarian and Compassionate Cases)...3 PERMANENT RESIDENTS...7 Canada Permanent Residents by Category, 1980 to Canada Male Permanent Residents by Category, 1980 to Canada Female Permanent Residents by Category, 1980 to Canada Permanent Residents by Category...11 Canada Male Permanent Residents by Category...12 Canada Female Permanent Residents by Category...13 Canada Permanent Residents by Category (Principal Applicants)...14 Canada Male Permanent Residents by Category (Principal Applicants)...15 Canada Female Permanent Residents by Category (Principal Applicants)...16 Canada Permanent Residents by Category (Spouses and Dependants)...17 Canada Male Permanent Residents by Category (Spouses and Dependants)...18 Canada Female Permanent Residents by Category (Spouses and Dependants)...19 Canada Permanent Residents by Gender and Age...20 Canada Permanent Residents Less Than 15 Years of Age by Gender and Age...21 Canada Permanent Residents Less Than 15 Years of Age by Gender, Age and Category...22 Canada Permanent Residents 15 Years of Age or Older by Age and Category...24 Canada Male Permanent Residents 15 Years of Age or Older by Age and Category...25 Canada Female Permanent Residents 15 Years of Age or Older by Age and Category...26 Canada Permanent Residents by Gender and Source Area...27 Canada Permanent Residents by Category and Source Area...28 Canada Permanent Residents by Age and Source Area...30 Canada Permanent Residents by Top Source Countries...32 Canada Permanent Residents from Africa and the Middle East by Top Source Countries...33 Canada Permanent Residents from Asia and Pacific by Top Source Countries...34 Canada Permanent Residents from South and Central America and the United States by Top Source Countries...35 Canada Permanent Residents from Europe and the United Kingdom by Top Source Countries...36 Canada Permanent Residents by Province or Territory...37 Canada Permanent Residents by Province or Territory and Urban Area...38 FACTS AND FIGURES, 2005 : i

4 IMMIGRATION OVERVIEW Canada Permanent Residents by Provincial/Territorial Region and Category...40 Canada Permanent Residents by Province or Territory and Language Ability...42 Canada Permanent Residents by Provincial/Territorial Region and Source Area...44 Canada Permanent Residents 15 Years of Age or Older by Gender and Marital Status...46 Canada Permanent Residents Less than 15 Years of Age by Age and Years of Schooling...47 Canada Permanent Residents 15 Years of Age or Older by Gender and Level of Education...47 Canada Permanent Residents 15 Years of Age or Older by Category and Level of Education...48 Canada Permanent Residents 15 Years of Age or Older by Source Area and Level of Education...50 Canada Permanent Residents by Category and Language Ability...52 Canada Permanent Residents by Mother Tongue...54 Canada Permanent Residents by Labour Market Intention and Occupational Skill Level...55 Canada Permanent Residents 15 Years of Age or Older Intending to Work by Occupational Skill Level (Showing Percentage Distribution)...55 Canada Skilled Workers 15 Years of Age or Older Intending to Work by Gender and Occupational Skill Level (Principal Applicants)...56 Canada New Workers 15 Years of Age or Older by Gender and Level of Education...57 Canada Permanent Residents 15 Years of Age or Older Intending to Work by Category and Language Ability...58 TEMPORARY RESIDENTS...59 Canada Annual Flow of Temporary Residents by Primary Status, 1980 to Canada Annual Flow of Male Temporary Residents by Primary Status, 1980 to Canada Annual Flow of Female Temporary Residents by Primary Status, 1980 to Canada Annual Flow of Adult Refugee Claimants 18 Years of Age or Older Showing Who Have Ever Been Issued a Work Permit, 1989 to Canada December 1 Stock of Temporary Residents by Primary Status, 1980 to Canada December 1 Stock of Male Temporary Residents by Primary Status, 1980 to Canada December 1 Stock of Female Temporary Residents by Primary Status, 1980 to Canada December 1 Stock of Adult Refugee Claimants 18 Years of Age or Older Showing Who Have Ever Been Issued a Work Permit, 1989 to Canada Annual Flow of Foreign Workers by Top Source Countries...66 Canada Annual Flow of Male Foreign Workers by Top Source Countries...67 Canada Annual Flow of Female Foreign Workers by Top Source Countries...68 Canada December 1 Stock of Foreign Workers by Top Source Countries...69 Canada December 1 Stock of Male Foreign Workers by Top Source Countries...70 Canada December 1 Stock of Female Foreign Workers by Top Source Countries...71 Canada Annual Flow of Foreign Workers by Province or Territory and Urban Area...72 Canada December 1 Stock of Foreign Workers by Province or Territory and Urban Area...74 Canada Annual Flow of Foreign Workers by Gender and Occupational Skill Level...76 Canada December 1 Stock of Foreign Workers by Gender and Occupational Skill Level...77 Canada Annual Flow of Foreign Students by Top Source Countries...78 Canada Annual Flow of Male Foreign Students by Top Source Countries...79 Canada Annual Flow of Female Foreign Students by Top Source Countries...80 Canada December 1 Stock of Foreign Students by Top Source Countries...81 Canada December 1 Stock of Male Foreign Students by Top Source Countries...82 Canada December 1 Stock of Female Foreign Students by Top Source Countries...83 Canada Annual Flow of Foreign Students by Province or Territory and Urban Area...84 Canada December 1 Stock of Foreign Students by Province or Territory and Urban Area...86 Canada Annual Flow of Foreign Students by Gender and Level of Study...88 Canada December 1 Stock of Foreign Students by Gender and Level of Study...89 Canada Annual Flow of Humanitarian Population by Top Source Countries...90 Canada Annual Flow of Male Humanitarian Population by Top Source Countries...91 Canada Annual Flow of Female Humanitarian Population by Top Source Countries...92 ii : CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION CANADA

5 TABLE OF CONTENTS Canada December 1 Stock of Humanitarian Population by Top Source Countries...93 Canada December 1 Stock of Male Humanitarian Population by Top Source Countries...94 Canada December 1 Stock of Female Humanitarian Population by Top Source Countries...95 Canada Annual Flow of Humanitarian Population by Province or Territory and Urban Area...96 Canada December 1 Stock of Humanitarian Population by Province or Territory and Urban Area...98 Canada Annual Flow of Adult Refugee Claimants 18 Years of Age or Older by Top Source Countries Canada Annual Flow of Adult Refugee Claimants 18 Years of Age or Older by Top Source Countries Showing Percentage Who Have Ever Been Issued a Work Permit Canada December 1 Stock of Adult Refugee Claimants 18 Years of Age or Older by Top Source Countries Canada December 1 Stock of Adult Refugee Claimants 18 Years of Age or Older by Top Source Countries Showing Percentage Who Have Ever Been Issued a Work Permit Canada Annual Flow of Adult Refugee Claimants 18 Years of Age or Older by Province or Territory and Urban Area..102 Canada Annual Flow of Adult Refugee Claimants 18 Years of Age or Older by Province or Territory and Urban Area Showing Percentage Who Have Ever Been Issued a Work Permit Canada December 1 Stock of Adult Refugee Claimants 18 Years of Age or Older by Province or Territory and Urban Area Canada December 1 Stock of Adult Refugee Claimants 18 Years of Age or Older by Province or Territory and Urban Area Showing Percentage Who Have Ever Been Issued a Work Permit GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND CONCEPTS LIST OF FIGURES Canada Permanent Residents, 1860 to Canada Permanent Residents as a Percentage of Canada s Population, 1860 to Canada Permanent Residents by Category, 1980 to Canada Permanent Residents by Category, 1980 to 2005 (Showing Ratio of Males to Females)...10 Canada Permanent Residents by Category (Showing Percentage Distribution)...11 Canada Male Permanent Residents by Category (Showing Percentage Distribution)...12 Canada Female Permanent Residents by Category (Showing Percentage Distribution)...13 Canada Permanent Residents by Age (Showing Percentage Distribution)...20 Canada Permanent Residents by Source Area (Showing Percentage Distribution)...27 Canada Permanent Residents by Category and Source Area, Canada Permanent Residents by Category and Source Area, 2005 (Showing Percentage Distribution)...29 Canada Permanent Residents by Age and Source Area, Canada Permanent Residents by Age and Source Area, 2005 (Showing Percentage Distribution)...31 Canada Permanent Residents by Province or Territory, 2005 (Showing Percentage Distribution)...37 Canada Permanent Residents 15 Years of Age or Older by Marital Status (Showing Percentage Distribution)...46 Canada Permanent Residents by Category and Language Ability, 2005 (Showing Percentage Distribution)...52 Canada Permanent Residents by Top Ten Mother Tongues, 2005 (Showing Percentage Distribution)...54 Canada Permanent Residents 15 Years of Age or Older Intending to Work by Category and Language Ability, 2005 (Showing Percentage Distribution)...58 Canada Annual Flow of Temporary Residents by Primary Status, 1980 to Canada December 1 Stock of Temporary Residents by Primary Status, 1980 to FACTS AND FIGURES, 2005 : iii

6 IMMIGRATION OVERVIEW iv : CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION CANADA

7 FOREWORD A key mandate of the Strategic Research and Statistics Division, Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC), is the dissemination of immigration data. Our annual publication, Facts and Figures: Immigration Overview Permanent and Temporary Residents, is one of the main sources of immigration statistics for both the government and the private sector. For this reason, we try to provide information on admissions to Canada that is of greatest interest to all parties. Facts and Figures 2005: Immigration Overview Permanent and Temporary Residents presents the annual intake of permanent residents by category of immigration and of temporary residents by primary status from 1980 to It also presents the annual December 1 stock of temporary residents in Canada during the same period. The main body of the publication consists of a series of statistical tables and charts covering the ten-year period from 1996 to The publication is divided into two separate sections, each depicting selected characteristics for the permanent resident population or the temporary resident population during this ten-year period. All statistical information provided in this publication is derived from CIC s administrative data files. Based on the Permanent Resident Data System (PRDS), the statistics are provided for four main categories of permanent residents: family class, economic immigrants, refugees and other immigrants. The statistics on temporary residents and refugee claimants are derived from the Client-Based Data System (CBDS). The CBDS is a system for reporting administrative data that enables us to look at temporary residents and refugee claimants from either a client perspective or a document perspective. In this publication, we focus on the client as the key reporting unit rather than the number of permits or authorizations issued. We have defined four primary status groups of temporary residents based on the individual s primary motivation for being in Canada foreign workers, foreign students, humanitarian cases (including refugee claimants) and other cases. CIC s Client-Based Data System makes this focus on client-based reporting possible for the temporary resident and refugee claimant population. For information on Citizenship and Immigration Canada, its priorities and activities, publications and reports, as well as application guides and forms, visit the CIC Web site at FACTS AND FIGURES, 2005 : v

8 IMMIGRATION OVERVIEW vi : CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION CANADA

9 OVERVIEW ANNUAL IMMIGRATION Since June 28, 2002, Canada s immigration program has been based on the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) and its regulations. IRPA replaces the Immigration Act of 1976 and makes a clear distinction between the basic social, cultural and economic goals of the immigration program and the humanitarian goals of the refugee protection program. There are three basic categories of permanent residents: the economic class (skilled workers, business immigrants, provincial nominees and live-in caregivers, as well as members of their immediate family); the family class (spouses and partners, children, parents and grandparents of the sponsors); and the protected persons category (governmentassisted and privately sponsored refugees selected abroad, individuals who are recognized in Canada as Convention refugees or persons in need of protection, as well as persons who have been granted protection through the preremoval risk assessment process). Protected persons may include their family members in their application for permanent residence. In exceptional circumstances based on humanitarian, compassionate or public policy considerations, Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) has the authority to grant permanent resident status to foreign nationals who do not meet the usual selection criteria. In addition to selecting permanent residents, CIC also grants temporary residence to foreign nationals who come to Canada to work, study or visit. IRPA requires the minister of Citizenship and Immigration Canada to table an annual report to Parliament by November 1 of each year. This report includes information on CIC s activities and initiatives; the number of new permanent residents admitted during the year and the number projected for the following year; the number of permanent residents in each class admitted in the provinces that are responsible for selection under a federal-provincial agreement; the linguistic profile of new permanent residents; the number of temporary residents; the number of people granted permanent residence on humanitarian grounds; and a gender-based analysis of the immigration program. The Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration is a presentation of the annual immigration levels plan. It provides an overview of projected immigration levels for the upcoming year as well as a comparison of planned versus actual levels for the current year. CIC s annual immigration plan provides a target range for the number of newcomers expected to become permanent residents in any given calendar year. In 2005, the planned target range was 220,000 to 245,000 new permanent residents. Facts and Figures 2005: Immigration Overview Permanent and Temporary Residents provides statistical information on Canada s immigration program within an analytical framework, but also presents a reconciliation of CIC s immigration program to the immigration levels plan. Differences may be noted between immigration as viewed from a levels planning perspective and immigration as described within an analytical framework. In this publication, cases processed under special circumstances or within historically specific programs (e.g., backlog cases and some humanitarian and compassionate cases) have been reallocated to categories that would have applied under usual circumstances. The annual levels achieved for the current year (no backlog reallocation) are presented along with a table showing the reallocation of backlog cases and another showing permanent residents by category with the reallocation of backlog and humanitarian and compassionate cases. An historical perspective of immigration flows from 1860 to 2005 is also included in this section of the publication, along with the number of permanent residents as a percentage of the total Canadian population throughout this time period. Historical highlights relevant to Canada s immigration program throughout the 20 th century (and into the early years of the 21 st century) have also been included. Note : Due to privacy considerations, some cells in the following tables have been suppressed and replaced with the notation. As a result, components may not sum to total indicated. In general, we have suppressed cells containing less than five cases except in circumstances where, in our judgement, we are not releasing personal information on an identifiable individual. FACTS AND FIGURES, 2005 : 1

10 IMMIGRATION OVERVIEW CANADA PERMANENT RESIDENTS BY CATEGORY (NO BACKLOG REALLOCATION) CATEGORY Spouses and partners 31,563 29,775 28,063 32,789 35,293 37,761 32,769 38,753 43,999 45,404 Parents and grandparents 24,544 20,153 14,165 14,481 17,768 21,341 22,231 19,384 12,732 12,471 Others (including children) 11,617 9,610 8,371 7,957 7,549 7,691 7,304 6,993 5,529 5,479 Family class 67,724 59,538 50,599 55,227 60,610 66,793 62,304 65,130 62,260 63,354 Skilled workers* 97, ,924 80,812 92, , , , , , ,242 Business immigrants 22,452 19,924 13,777 13,018 13,665 14,587 11,021 8,100 9,763 13,469 Provincial/territorial nominees ,252 1,275 2,127 4,418 6,248 8,047 Live-in caregivers 4,723 2,718 2,867 3,260 2,783 2,625 1,985 3,304 4,292 4,552 Economic immigrants 124, ,613 97, , , , , , , ,310 Government-assisted refugees 7,856 7,661 7,387 7,443 10,671 8,697 7,505 7,506 7,411 7,416 Privately sponsored refugees 3,063 2,580 2,140 2,330 2,922 3,571 3,041 3,251 3,115 2,976 Refugees landed in Canada 13,240 10,429 10,060 11,780 12,993 11,897 10,546 11,265 15,901 19,935 Refugee dependants** 3,938 3,194 2,919 2,805 3,492 3,749 4,021 3,959 6,259 5,441 Refugees 28,097 23,864 22,506 24,358 30,078 27,914 25,113 25,981 32,686 35,768 Retirees DROC and PDRCC*** 3,273 3,233 2,486 1, Temporary resident permit holders Humanitarian and compassionate cases**** / Public policy ,623 9,014 6,931 6,653 Other immigrants 3,420 3,279 2,494 1, ,758 9,190 7,132 6,796 All immigrants and refugees 223, , , , , , , , , ,228 Backlog cases 2,303 1,744 1, Category not stated Total permanent residents 226, , , , , , , , , ,236 CANADA REALLOCATION OF BACKLOG CASES CATEGORY Spouses and partners Parents and grandparents Others (including children) Family class Skilled workers* Business immigrants Provincial/territorial nominees Live-in caregivers Economic immigrants Government-assisted refugees Privately sponsored refugees Refugees landed in Canada Refugee dependants** Refugees DROC and PDRCC*** Humanitarian and compassionate cases**** / Public policy Other immigrants Category not stated Total 2,303 1,744 1, * Includes independents and assisted relatives ** Dependants of refugees landed in Canada including spouses and partners *** Deferred removal orders and post-determination refugee claimants **** Note: The figures for "Humanitarian and compassionate grounds" have been adjusted since the publication of the Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration CIC has refined its method of calculating its numbers to increase accuracy. The numbers appearing in this table may differ from those released in other publications prior to : CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION CANADA

11 CANADA PERMANENT RESIDENTS BY CATEGORY (WITH REALLOCATION OF BACKLOG CASES AND HUMANITARIAN AND COMPASSIONATE CASES) CATEGORY Spouses and partners 32,100 30,137 28,322 32,831 35,294 37,762 32,769 38,752 43,999 45,403 Parents and grandparents 24,624 20,220 14,202 14,487 17,769 21,341 22,231 19,384 12,732 12,471 Others including children 11,635 9,622 8,374 7,959 7,549 7,692 7,304 6,993 5,529 5,478 Family class 68,359 59,979 50,898 55,277 60,612 66,795 62,304 65,129 62,260 63,352 Skilled workers* 97, ,648 81,266 92, , , , , , ,242 Business immigrants 22,463 19,926 13,777 13,018 13,665 14,586 11,021 8,100 9,763 13,469 Provincial/territorial nominees ,252 1,275 2,127 4,418 6,248 8,047 Live-in caregivers 4,759 2,730 2,868 3,261 2,783 2,625 1,985 3,304 4,292 4,552 Economic immigrants 125, ,351 97, , , , , , , ,310 Government-assisted refugees 7,869 7,711 7,432 7,444 10,671 8,697 7,505 7,506 7,411 7,416 Privately sponsored refugees 3,189 2,742 2,267 2,348 2,933 3,576 3,052 3,252 3,116 2,976 Refugees landed in Canada 13,462 10,634 10,181 11,797 12,993 11,897 10,546 11,267 15,901 19,935 Refugee dependants** 3,958 3,221 2,962 2,809 3,495 3,749 4,021 3,959 6,259 5,441 Refugees 28,478 24,308 22,842 24,398 30,092 27,919 25,124 25,984 32,687 35,768 Retirees DROC and PDRCC*** 3,717 3,354 2,539 1, Temporary resident permit holders Humanitarian and compassionate cases**** / Public policy ,623 9,015 6,931 6,653 Other immigrants 3,864 3,400 2,547 1, ,758 9,191 7,132 6,796 Category not stated Total 226, , , , , , , , , ,236 CATEGORY Spouses and partners Parents and grandparents Others including children Family class Skilled workers* Business immigrants Provincial/territorial nominees Live-in caregivers Economic immigrants Government-assisted refugees Privately sponsored refugees Refugees landed in Canada Refugee dependants** Refugees Retirees DROC and PDRCC*** Temporary resident permit holders Humanitarian and compassionate cases**** / Public policy Other immigrants Category not stated Total * Includes independents and assisted relatives ** Dependants of refugees landed in Canada including spouses and partners *** Deferred removal orders and post-determination refugee claimants ****Note: The figures for "Humanitarian and compassionate grounds" have been adjusted since the publication of the Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration CIC has refined its method of calculating its numbers to increase accuracy. The numbers appearing in this table may differ from those released in other publications prior to FACTS AND FIGURES, 2005 : 3

12 IMMIGRATION OVERVIEW Canada Permanent Residents, 1860 to 2005 Historical highlights 1896 to 1905: the settlement of the West with an offer of free land results in large numbers of immigrants from the United Kingdom, Europe and the United States 1906: Immigration Act 1910: Immigration Act 1913: 400,000 immigrants arrive in Canada 1914 to 1918: immigration slump during World War I 1928: opening of Halifax s Pier 21, the Atlantic gateway to Canada 1930s: extremely low levels of immigration during the Depression years 1940s: during and after World War II, approximately 48,000 war brides and their 22,000 children arrive in Canada 1950s: Canada receives about one and a half million immigrants from Europe 1952: Immigration Act 1956 and 1957: Canada accepts 37,500 Hungarian refugees 1962: new immigration regulations are tabled to eliminate all discrimination based on race, religion and national origin 1967: the government amends Canada's immigration policy and introduces the point system for the selection of skilled workers and business immigrants 1968 and 1969: Canada takes in 11,000 Czechoslovakian refugees 1972: Canada resettles more than 6,175 Ugandan Asians 1973: Canada accepts more than 6,000 Chileans 1975 to 1978: Canada resettles almost 9,000 Indochinese 1978: Immigration Act (1976) came into effect April 10, and 1980: 60,000 Vietnamese, Cambodian and Laotian "boat people" arrive in Canada 1999: Canada accepts more than 7,000 Kosovars 2002: Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) came into force June 28, : CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION CANADA

13 Canada Permanent Residents as a Percentage of Canada s Population, 1860 to 2005 YEAR ,276 13,589 18,294 21,000 24,779 18,958 11,427 10,666 12,765 18,630 % of Population YEAR ,706 27,773 36,578 50,050 39,373 27,382 25,633 27,082 29,807 40,492 % of Population YEAR ,505 47, , , ,824 76,169 69,152 84,526 88,766 91,600 % of Population YEAR ,067 82,165 30,996 29,633 20,829 18,790 16,835 21,716 31,900 44,543 % of Population YEAR ,681 55,747 89, , , , , , , ,694 % of Population YEAR , , , , ,484 33,665 55,914 72,910 41, ,698 % of Population YEAR ,824 91,728 64, , ,164 84, , , , ,993 % of Population YEAR ,806 27,530 20,591 14,382 12,476 11,277 11,643 15,101 17,244 16,994 % of Population YEAR ,324 9,329 7,576 8,504 12,801 22,722 71,719 64, ,414 95,217 % of Population YEAR , , , , , , , , , ,928 % of Population YEAR ,111 71,698 74,856 93, , , , , , ,531 % of Population YEAR , , , , , , , ,914 86, ,093 % of Population YEAR , , ,178 89,192 88,272 84,335 99, , , ,515 % of Population YEAR , , , , , , , , , ,966 % of Population YEAR , , , , , ,236 % of Population FACTS AND FIGURES, 2005 : 5

14 IMMIGRATION OVERVIEW 6 : CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION CANADA

15 PERMANENT RESIDENTS PERMANENT RESIDENTS The Immigration and Refugee Protection Act establishes three basic categories of permanent residents, which correspond to major program objectives: reuniting families, contributing to economic development and protecting refugees. In addition, there is a fourth category comprised of other immigrants. The family class is comprised of foreign nationals sponsored by close relatives or family members in Canada and includes spouses and partners, dependent children, parents and grandparents. Economic immigrants are people selected for their skills and ability to contribute to Canada s economy, including skilled workers, business immigrants, provincial nominees and live-in caregivers. The skilled worker component includes immigrants who are able to demonstrate their ability to enter the labour market and successfully establish in Canada by meeting a selection criteria that assesses factors such as education, English or French language abilities, and work experience involving certain skills. The business immigrant component includes those who invest their money in an approved venture, those who intend to run their own business, or those who intend to be self-employed. Refugees include government-assisted refugees, privately sponsored refugees, refugees landed in Canada and dependants of refugees landed in Canada who live abroad. Other immigrants include temporary resident permit holders, humanitarian and compassionate cases (that is, persons exempted from the requirements of IRPA or its regulations by the minister of Citizenship and Immigration Canada for humanitarian or public policy reasons), retirees, persons with deferred removal orders, and post-determination refugee claimants. Selected landing and sociodemographic characteristics are presented for all permanent residents (immigrants and refugees) for the 1996 to 2005 calendar years. Statistical tables and charts provide gender-based information on immigrant category, source countries, intended destination upon arrival in Canada, age at landing, level of education, marital status, language ability, occupational skill level and intention to work. Information pertaining to marital status, level of education, occupational skill level and intention to work is presented only for the permanent resident population 15 years of age or older. This population corresponds to the labour force population as defined in the Census of Population. Supplementary tables for the permanent resident population include statistical information showing the number of years of schooling for children less than 15 years old, the top ten source countries for each world source area, the level of education for new workers and the occupational skill level for skilled workers. This year, changes were introduced in the way details for the economic immigration category are reported. In addition to the components reported individually in the 2004 edition of Facts and Figures, the provincial/territorial nominees are now shown separately for principal applicants and spouses and dependants. Also, groupings for marital status were reviewed to better reflect common-law relationships. In this report, married immigrants are reported together with common-law partners. Therefore, differences in the distribution of immigrants by marital status are noticeable in this edition of Facts and Figures as compared to that shown in last year s report. All statistical information for permanent residents in this section refers to principal applicants and dependants (unless otherwise noted) and includes backlog cases. Note: Due to privacy considerations, some cells in the following tables have been suppressed and replaced with the notation "--". As a result, components may not sum to total indicated. In general, we have suppressed cells containing less than five cases except in circumstances where, in our judgement, we are not releasing personal information on an identifiable individual. FACTS AND FIGURES, 2005 : 7

16 IMMIGRATION OVERVIEW CANADA PERMANENT RESIDENTS BY CATEGORY, 1980 TO 2005 CATEGORY Family class 51,354 51,361 50,287 48,944 44,523 39,357 42,475 53,816 51,413 60,964 74,673 87,968 Economic immigrants 49,891 60,239 51,707 24,187 26,079 26,113 35,840 74,094 80,220 90,142 97,926 86,502 Refugees 40,349 14,980 16,930 13,969 15,357 16,764 19,202 21,466 26,748 36,863 40,234 54,074 Other immigrants 1,548 2,063 2,253 2,094 2,315 2,101 1,835 2,666 3,172 3,567 3,601 4,248 Category not stated Total 143, , ,177 89,194 88,274 84,335 99, , , , , ,792 CATEGORY Family class Economic immigrants Refugees Other immigrants Category not stated Total CANADA MALE PERMANENT RESIDENTS BY CATEGORY, 1980 TO 2005 CATEGORY Family class 22,056 21,883 21,397 20,245 18,538 16,642 18,249 22,962 21,149 26,664 33,666 38,780 Economic immigrants 26,537 31,904 27,312 11,913 12,058 12,497 18,602 39,906 40,663 45,737 49,928 43,151 Refugees 22,697 8,444 9,783 8,410 9,279 10,052 11,411 12,742 15,803 21,739 24,025 33,294 Other immigrants , , ,277 1,488 1,671 1,733 2,014 Category not stated Males 71,949 63,128 59,512 41,521 40,960 40,162 49,116 76,887 79,103 95, , ,239 CATEGORY Family class Economic immigrants Refugees Other immigrants Category not stated Males CANADA FEMALE PERMANENT RESIDENTS BY CATEGORY, 1980 TO 2005 CATEGORY Family class 29,297 29,478 28,890 28,699 25,985 22,561 24,132 30,810 30,227 34,271 40,989 49,170 Economic immigrants 23,354 28,335 24,395 12,274 14,021 13,563 17,196 34,160 39,537 44,394 47,992 43,345 Refugees 17,650 6,536 7,147 5,559 6,078 6,682 7,774 8,711 10,939 15,109 16,190 20,762 Other immigrants 890 1,166 1,233 1,141 1,230 1, ,389 1,683 1,896 1,868 2,234 Category not stated Females 71,192 65,515 61,665 47,673 47,314 43,935 50,083 75,070 82,386 95, , ,511 CATEGORY Family class Economic immigrants Refugees Other immigrants Category not stated Females : CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION CANADA

17 PERMANENT RESIDENTS , ,672 94,195 77,382 68,359 59,979 50,898 55,277 60,612 66,795 62,304 65,129 62,260 63,352 95, , , , , ,351 97, , , , , , , ,310 52,348 30,622 20,435 28,092 28,478 24,308 22,842 24,398 30,092 27,919 25,124 25,984 32,687 35,768 5,544 7,751 7, ,864 3,400 2,547 1, ,758 9,191 7,132 6, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,391 47,287 40,027 32,252 28,124 24,091 19,900 21,464 23,291 26,045 24,304 24,886 23,727 25,047 47,818 51,024 50,612 53,725 64,501 66,830 51,399 57,836 72,680 82,535 73,668 63,945 70,078 80,905 32,094 17,569 11,285 15,438 15,449 13,490 12,335 13,204 16,126 14,927 13,239 13,795 16,978 18,565 2,719 3,849 3, ,319 1,900 1, ,548 3,884 3,387 3, , , , , , ,311 84,987 93, , , , , , , ,734 65,383 54,168 45,126 40,201 35,853 30,978 33,801 37,312 40,741 37,997 40,242 38,532 38,305 47,984 54,640 51,702 52,907 60,868 61,521 46,512 51,415 63,618 73,184 64,193 57,101 63,667 75,405 20,249 13,052 9,149 12,653 13,026 10,817 10,507 11,194 13,966 12,992 11,885 12,189 15,709 17,203 2,825 3,902 3, ,545 1,500 1, ,210 5,307 3,745 3, , , , , , ,691 89,191 96, , , , , , , FACTS AND FIGURES, 2005 : 9

18 IMMIGRATION OVERVIEW Canada Permanent Residents by Category, 1980 to 2005 Canada Permanent Residents by Category, 1980 to 2005 (Showing Ratio of Males to Females) 10 : CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION CANADA

19 PERMANENT RESIDENTS CANADA PERMANENT RESIDENTS BY CATEGORY CATEGORY Spouses and partners 32,100 30,137 28,322 32,831 35,294 37,762 32,769 38,752 43,999 45,403 Fiancé(e)s 3,906 3,076 1,919 1,734 1,521 1,640 1, Sons and daughters 5,455 4,556 4,013 3,987 3,951 3,933 3,646 3,619 3,037 3,232 Parents and grandparents 24,624 20,220 14,202 14,487 17,769 21,341 22,231 19,384 12,732 12,471 Others 2,274 1,990 2,442 2,238 2,077 2,119 2,205 2,438 2,279 2,209 Family class 68,359 59,979 50,898 55,277 60,612 66,795 62,304 65,129 62,260 63,352 Skilled workers - principal applicants 42,151 44,969 35,958 41,547 52,126 58,909 52,972 45,378 47,889 52,266 Skilled workers - spouses and dependants 55,764 60,679 45,308 50,952 66,473 78,324 69,756 59,847 65,553 77,976 Entrepreneurs - principal applicants 3,208 2,805 1,770 1,668 1,658 1,609 1, Entrepreneurs - spouses and dependants 8,703 7,599 4,848 4,486 4,529 4,482 3,302 2,199 1,804 2,097 Self-employed - principal applicants 1,392 1, Self-employed - spouses and dependants 2,984 2,669 1,802 1,766 1,732 1,451 1, Investors - principal applicants 1,607 1,522 1,225 1,138 1,390 1,767 1, ,671 2,590 Investors - spouses and dependants 4,569 4,073 3,309 3,127 3,561 4,572 3,401 2,723 4,428 7,017 Provincial/territories nominees - principal applicants ,417 2,086 2,643 Provincial/territories nominees - spouses and dependants ,447 3,001 4,162 5,404 Live-in caregivers - principal applicants 2,924 1,831 1,976 1,959 1,760 1,874 1,521 2,230 2,496 3,063 Live-in caregivers - spouses and dependants 1, ,302 1, ,074 1,796 1,489 Economic immigrants 125, ,351 97, , , , , , , ,310 Government-assisted refugees 7,869 7,711 7,432 7,444 10,671 8,697 7,505 7,506 7,411 7,416 Privately sponsored refugees 3,189 2,742 2,267 2,348 2,933 3,576 3,052 3,252 3,116 2,976 Refugees landed in Canada 13,462 10,634 10,181 11,797 12,993 11,897 10,546 11,267 15,901 19,935 Refugee dependants 3,958 3,221 2,962 2,809 3,495 3,749 4,021 3,959 6,259 5,441 Refugees 28,478 24,308 22,842 24,398 30,092 27,919 25,124 25,984 32,687 35,768 Retirees - principal applicants Retirees - spouses and dependants DROC and PDRCC* - principal applicants 2,607 2,038 1, DROC and PDRCC* - spouses and dependants 1,110 1,316 1, Temporary resident permit holders H and C** cases*** ,113 Other H and C cases outside the family class*** / Public Policy ,999 6,638 3,944 3,540 Other immigrants 3,864 3,400 2,547 1, ,758 9,191 7,132 6,796 Category not stated Total 226, , , , , , , , , ,236 * Deferred removal orders and post-determination refugee claimants **Humanitarian and Compassionate ***Note: The figures for "Humanitarian and compassionate grounds" have been adjusted since the publication of the Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration CIC has refined its method of calculating its numbers to increase accuracy. The numbers appearing in this table may differ from those released in other publications prior to Canada Permanent Residents by Category (Showing Percentage Distribution) FACTS AND FIGURES, 2005 : 11

20 IMMIGRATION OVERVIEW CANADA MALE PERMANENT RESIDENTS BY CATEGORY CATEGORY Spouses and partners 13,024 11,817 10,734 12,285 13,018 13,954 11,875 13,781 16,027 17,097 Fiancé(e)s Sons and daughters 2,874 2,410 2,064 2,148 2,004 2,049 1,888 1,915 1,606 1,664 Parents and grandparents 10,513 8,447 5,982 5,904 7,295 8,927 9,551 8,287 5,368 5,613 Others Family class 28,124 24,091 19,900 21,464 23,291 26,045 24,304 24,886 23,727 25,047 Skilled workers - principal applicants 29,436 31,852 26,058 31,010 39,603 44,437 39,639 33,506 34,372 37,069 Skilled workers - spouses and dependants 22,327 24,261 17,589 19,033 24,632 29,322 26,815 23,098 26,114 31,723 Entrepreneurs - principal applicants 2,723 2,381 1,533 1,428 1,428 1,386 1, Entrepreneurs - spouses and dependants 3,382 2,942 1,911 1,742 1,771 1,781 1, Self-employed - principal applicants 1, Self-employed - spouses and dependants 1,164 1, Investors - principal applicants 1,347 1,264 1, ,193 1,489 1, ,452 2,203 Investors - spouses and dependants 1,725 1,514 1,302 1,212 1,380 1,771 1,329 1,069 1,713 2,688 Provincial/territories nominees - principal applicants ,113 1,639 2,018 Provincial/territories nominees - spouses and dependants ,240 1,615 2,109 Live-in caregivers - principal applicants Live-in caregivers - spouses and dependants 1, ,192 1,008 Economic immigrants 64,501 66,830 51,399 57,836 72,680 82,535 73,668 63,945 70,078 80,905 Government-assisted refugees 4,167 4,409 3,979 3,915 5,540 4,519 3,961 3,911 3,858 3,726 Privately sponsored refugees 1,657 1,451 1,175 1,243 1,581 1,866 1,511 1,684 1,642 1,544 Refugees landed in Canada 7,920 6,292 5,876 6,861 7,512 6,895 6,058 6,429 8,715 10,836 Refugee dependants 1,705 1,338 1,305 1,185 1,493 1,647 1,709 1,771 2,763 2,459 Refugees 15,449 13,490 12,335 13,204 16,126 14,927 13,239 13,795 16,978 18,565 Retirees - principal applicants Retirees - spouses and dependants DROC and PDRCC* - principal applicants 1,820 1, DROC and PDRCC* - spouses and dependants Temporary resident permit holders H and C** cases*** ,085 1,503 1,580 Other H and C cases outside the family class*** / Public Policy ,175 2,719 1,776 1,606 Other immigrants 2,319 1,900 1, ,548 3,884 3,387 3,263 Category not stated Males 110, ,311 84,987 93, , , , , , ,784 * Deferred removal orders and post-determination refugee claimants ** Humanitarian and Compassionate *** Note: The figures for "Humanitarian and compassionate grounds" have been adjusted since the publication of the Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration CIC has refined its method of calculating its numbers to increase accuracy. The numbers appearing in this table may differ from those released in other publications prior to Canada Male Permanent Residents by Category (Showing Percentage Distribution) 12 : CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION CANADA

21 PERMANENT RESIDENTS CANADA FEMALE PERMANENT RESIDENTS BY CATEGORY CATEGORY Spouses and partners 19,055 18,306 17,581 20,543 22,275 23,808 20,894 24,971 27,972 28,306 Fiancé(e)s 2,930 2,354 1,492 1,357 1,245 1,248 1, Sons and daughters 2,575 2,143 1,949 1,838 1,946 1,884 1,758 1,704 1,431 1,568 Parents and grandparents 14,108 11,762 8,217 8,580 10,474 12,413 12,680 11,097 7,364 6,858 Others 1,533 1,288 1,739 1,483 1,372 1,388 1,526 1,756 1,610 1,547 Family class 40,201 35,853 30,978 33,801 37,312 40,741 37,997 40,242 38,532 38,305 Skilled workers - principal applicants 12,715 13,117 9,900 10,537 12,523 14,472 13,333 11,871 13,517 15,197 Skilled workers - spouses and dependants 33,436 36,418 27,719 31,918 41,840 49,002 42,941 36,749 39,439 46,253 Entrepreneurs - principal applicants Entrepreneurs - spouses and dependants 5,321 4,657 2,937 2,741 2,758 2,701 1,992 1,342 1,091 1,255 Self-employed - principal applicants Self-employed - spouses and dependants 1,820 1,630 1,091 1,094 1, Investors - principal applicants Investors - spouses and dependants 2,844 2,559 2,007 1,915 2,181 2,801 2,072 1,654 2,715 4,329 Provincial/territories nominees - principal applicants Provincial/territories nominees - spouses and dependants ,761 2,547 3,295 Live-in caregivers - principal applicants 2,870 1,798 1,944 1,920 1,721 1,822 1,478 2,170 2,426 2,955 Live-in caregivers - spouses and dependants Economic immigrants 60,868 61,521 46,512 51,415 63,618 73,184 64,193 57,101 63,667 75,405 Government-assisted refugees 3,702 3,301 3,453 3,529 5,131 4,178 3,544 3,595 3,553 3,690 Privately sponsored refugees 1,529 1,291 1,092 1,105 1,352 1,710 1,541 1,568 1,474 1,432 Refugees landed in Canada 5,542 4,342 4,305 4,936 5,481 5,002 4,488 4,838 7,186 9,099 Refugee dependants 2,253 1,883 1,657 1,624 2,002 2,102 2,312 2,188 3,496 2,982 Refugees 13,026 10,817 10,507 11,194 13,966 12,992 11,885 12,189 15,709 17,203 Retirees - principal applicants Retirees - spouses and dependants DROC and PDRCC* - principal applicants DROC and PDRCC* - spouses and dependants Temporary resident permit holders H and C** cases*** ,533 Other H and C cases outside the family class*** / Public Policy ,824 3,919 2,168 1,934 Other immigrants 1,545 1,500 1, ,210 5,307 3,745 3,533 Category not stated Females 115, ,691 89,191 96, , , , , , ,452 * Deferred removal orders and post-determination refugee claimants ** Humanitarian and Compassionate *** Note: The figures for "Humanitarian and compassionate grounds" have been adjusted since the publication of the Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration CIC has refined its method of calculating its numbers to increase accuracy. The numbers appearing in this table may differ from those released in other publications prior to Canada Female Permanent Residents by Category (Showing Percentage Distribution) FACTS AND FIGURES, 2005 : 13