ECON 361: Income Distributions and Problems of Inequality
|
|
- Aubrie Long
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ECON 361: Income Distributions and Problems of Inequality David Rosé Queen s University March 12, /33
2 Last class... Social Assistance in Ontario (Adams, Chow, and Ros, 2018) Started Inequality and Health (Case and Deaton, 2017) Today... Research Proposal Wrap up Ineq. and Health Income Mobility (Corak, 2013) Education Mobility (Ayedmir, Chen, and Corak, 2013) 2/33
3 Definitions 1. Social mobility: movement of individuals, families or HH between social classes (i.e. income quanties). 2. Equality of opportunity: the notion that everyone should have access to the same opportunities, regardless of social status. 3. Intergenerational mobility: social mobility between generations. 4. Upward mobility: likelihood an individual will move from a lower quantile to a higher one. 5. Downward mobility: likelihood an individual will move from a higher quantile to a lower one. 3/33
4 Equality of Opportunity Project Raj Chetty, Nathaniel Hendren, Emmanuel Saez, and Nicholas Turner in-climbing-income-ladder-location-matters.html?&_r=0 4/33
5 I m a dreamer. I have to dream and reach for the stars, and if I miss a star then I grab a handful of clouds. Mike Tyson 5/33
6 The American Dream Being free to say or do what you want. Being free to accomplish almost anything you want with hard work. Being able to succeed regardless of the economic circumstances in which you were born. 6/33
7 Inequality in a Democracy: Why do lower earners tolerate inequality in democratic countries? Why don t lower earners just vote for redistributive policies all the time? Candidate Explanation: The Prospect of Upward Mobility Hypothesis: Encapsulated by the words of Senator Marco Rubio... There are two kinds of people in this room. Those who have made it and those who are about to make it! [... amiright, amiright!?] 7/33
8 Corak (2013) Recent evidence suggests that high income inequality is resulting in family income playing a bigger role in determining outcomes. We observe low levels of intergenerational mobility in more unequal countries like Italy, the U.S., the U.K., etc. Research Question: To what degree does income inequality limit economic mobility for the next generation of young adults? 8/33
9 The Great Gatsby Curve: graph that captures the positive correlation between income inequality (Gini coefficient) and the intergenerational earnings elasticity. Intergenerational Earnings Elasticity: the elasticity between paternal earnings and a son s adult earnings. Derived using the following regression: ln Y i,t = α + β ln Y i,t 1 + ɛ i Y i,t is the paternal permanent earnings and Y i,t 1 is the son s permanent earnings β is the intergenerational earnings elasticity 9/33
10 10/33
11 11/33
12 12/33
13 What do the graphs tell us? Figure 1: Intergenerational elasticity in the U.S. is about 0.5, approximately double the Canadian measure. Figure 2: Sons born to TD fathers are more likely to end up in TD than any other decile. Figure 3: Sons born to BD fathers are more likely to end up in BD than any other decile. Trends are much more dramatic for U.S. than Canada = more intergenerational mobility in Canada. Middle deciles don t look that too bad in terms of intergenerational mobility. Overall intergenerational mobility tends to be driven by what happens at the tails (BD and TD). 13/33
14 ... thinking about elasticities Do we want an intergenerational earnings elasticity of zero? A popular idea: we need to distinguish between circumstances and choices (Roemer, 2012). Some circumstantial factors that may affect opportunity: Race Parents (occupation, education) Region of birth Disabilities Inequality of opportunity is the link between income inequality and social mobility. High inequality = unequal distribution of opportunities = persistence of parental SES. 14/33
15 The Great Gatsby Curve is not a causal relationship. But, we might want to go beyond the correlation does not imply causality story. The process of development from childhood to adulthood may be a recursive process: 1. Early nutrition (even in utero) affects early cognitive and social development. 2. These building blocks are reinforced by neighbourhood and pre-school quality which influences elementary school outcomes. 3. Success in elementary school feeds into high school success... and so on... Also some evidence that family connections and resources affect schooling and job outcomes. 15/33
16 Returns to Schooling and Social Mobility In general, countries with higher returns to college have lower intergenerational mobility. Some context, average U.S. college graduate earns 70% more than a HS graduate. In Canada the premium is approximately 30%. Mazumder(2012) finds that the father-son earnings elasticity and the return to education (per year of schooling) follow very similar trends. 16/33
17 17/33
18 Human Capital Investment and Social Mobility Families with more human capital (schooling, work experience, connections ) tend to invest more in their children. Monetary investments - e.g. cool daycare, sports clubs, tutoring Non-monetary investments - e.g. reading to children, helping with homework, etc. 18/33
19 Monetary investments 19/33
20 Credit constraints are more likely to bind for lower income families: Unavailability of financial aid can limit college choice. Even college application fees can deter applying to prestigious schools (which usually offer excellent financial aid). a-case-study-in-lifting-college-attendance.html 20/33
21 Policy Discussion: Canadians also have a Tysonesque dream... Similarly to Americans, we: Value equality of opportunity. Recognize the importance of individual responsibility. Are averse to equality of outcomes as a desirable goal. Unlike Americans: Canadians have a much more positive view about the role of public policy and trust in government intervention. 21/33
22 Access to Schooling: In 2008, the U.S. spent about $15,000 per student on schooling (more than almost all other OECD countries). U.S. spends less (on average) on students from disadvantaged backgrounds than on other students. and High quality teachers are seldom found in disadvantaged schools (school funding largely comes from local property taxes). 22/33
23 Let s look at spending data ourselves (share of GDP): 23/33
24 Back to the paper... Bradbury et al. (2012) study vocabulary development and behavioral problems of 4-5 year old kids. Australia, Canada, the U.K., and the U.S. Find inequalities according to family income and mother s education in all 4 countries. Inequalities greatest in the U.S., most muted in Canada. This suggests an important role for public provision of services (health care, education, etc.) that weaken the link between childhood development and parental income/education. 24/33
25 Aydemir, Chen, and Corak (2013) Motivation: There is evidence that successive immigrant cohorts are doing relatively worse in the labour market than the Canadian born population. Are the children of immigrants also having increasing difficulty integrating? 25/33
26 Research Questions: 1. What is the degree of intergenerational education mobility in Canada? 2. Has the strength of the tie between the education of immigrant parents and their children changed over time? 26/33
27 Results preview: 1. There is a weak link between parents and children s years of schooling. 2. This link is even weaker for children of immigrants vs. children of Canadian born parents nd generation immigrants and their parents are more educated on average than 3 rd -plus generation immigrants and their parents. And MORE! (They study differences across origin-regions, across time, etc.) 27/33
28 Data: 2001 Canadian long form census results are coming soon! Can identify the country of origin of an individual s parents but not parents schooling (large sample) 2002 Ethnic Diversity Survey From the EDS,can identify the country of origin and schooling of individual s parents (small sample) 28/33
29 Econometric framework: Y i,t = α t + βy i,t 1 + ɛ i α t represents the average years of education for cohort t. Y i,t and Y i,t 1 are the child and parent s years of education, respectively. β captures the degree of intergenerational mobility of education. Note: β is not an elasticity (this is not a log-log regression, it s a linear specification). 29/33
30 30/33
31 31/33
32 32/33
33 33/33
Inequality, Life Chances, and Public Policy
Three motivating questions Social mobility and public policy The determinants of social mobility Social mobility in an era of rising inequality Three concluding answers Inequality, Life Chances, and Public
More informationThe Canada We Want in Equality of opportunity
The Canada We Want in 2020 Equality of opportunity The Canada We Want in 2020 EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY a Canadian dream? Tuesday, February 26th 2013 2 About Canada 2020 Canada 2020 is a leading, independent,
More informationIs the Great Gatsby Curve Robust?
Comment on Corak (2013) Bradley J. Setzler 1 Presented to Economics 350 Department of Economics University of Chicago setzler@uchicago.edu January 15, 2014 1 Thanks to James Heckman for many helpful comments.
More informationIntergenerational Mobility and the Rise and Fall of Inequality: Lessons from Latin America
Intergenerational Mobility and the Rise and Fall of Inequality: Lessons from Latin America Author: Guido Neidhöfer Discussant: Marina Gindelsky Bureau of Economic Analysis The views expressed here are
More informationCross-Country Intergenerational Status Mobility: Is There a Great Gatsby Curve?
Cross-Country Intergenerational Status Mobility: Is There a Great Gatsby Curve? John A. Bishop Haiyong Liu East Carolina University Juan Gabriel Rodríguez Universidad Complutense de Madrid Abstract Countries
More informationA Regional Look at Single Moms and Upward Mobility. Family-Friendly Policies Can Be Linked to Greater Economic Mobility Among Single Mothers
Washington Center for Equitable Growth A Regional Look at Single Moms and Upward Mobility Family-Friendly Policies Can Be Linked to Greater Economic Mobility Among Single Mothers By Carter C. Price June
More informationCanadian Labour Market and Skills Researcher Network
Canadian Labour Market and Skills Researcher Network Working Paper No. 48 Seeking Success in Canada and the United States: the Determinants of Labour Market Outcomes Among the Children of Immigrants Garnett
More informationRace and Economic Opportunity in the United States
THE EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY PROJECT Race and Economic Opportunity in the United States Raj Chetty and Nathaniel Hendren Racial disparities in income and other outcomes are among the most visible and persistent
More informationThe Past, Present and Future. of U.S. Income Inequality
The Past, Present and Future of U.S. Income Inequality By Valerie Ramey OSHER, Oct. 30, 2017 Outline 1. Trends in inequality 2. Possible explanations. 3. Possible solutions 1. Trends in inequality Income
More informationGreat Gatsby Curve: Empirical Background. Steven N. Durlauf University of Wisconsin
Great Gatsby Curve: Empirical Background Steven N. Durlauf University of Wisconsin 1 changes have taken place in ghetto neighborhoods, and the groups that have been left behind are collectively different
More informationCHASING THE SAME DREAM, CLIMBING DIFFERENT LADDERS:
CHASING THE SAME DREAM, CLIMBING DIFFERENT LADDERS: ECONOMIC MOBILITY IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA BY MILES CORAK By forging a broad and nonpartisan agreement on the facts, figures and trends in mobility,
More informationUnderstanding inequality and what to do about it
and what to do about it Miles Corak University of Ottawa, Ottawa Canada Presentation to the All Party Anti-Poverty Caucus House of Commons, Ottawa, February 12th, 2013 Three issues to talk about,... Three
More informationSince the early 1990s, the technology-driven
Ross Finnie and Ronald g Since the early 1990s, the technology-driven knowledge-based economy has captured the attention and affected the lives of virtually all Canadians. This phenomenon has been of particular
More informationCanadian Labour Market and Skills Researcher Network
Canadian Labour Market and Skills Researcher Network Working Paper No. 59 Preparing for Success in Canada and the United States: the Determinants of Educational Attainment Among the Children of Immigrants
More informationAn anatomy of inclusive growth in Europe*
An anatomy of inclusive growth in Europe* Zsolt Darvas Bruegel and Corvinus University of Budapest * Based on a joint work with Guntram B.Wolff Inclusive growth: global and European lessons for Spain 31
More informationWhy Does Birthplace Matter So Much? Sorting, Learning and Geography
SERC DISCUSSION PAPER 190 Why Does Birthplace Matter So Much? Sorting, Learning and Geography Clément Bosquet (University of Cergy-Pontoise and SERC, LSE) Henry G. Overman (London School of Economics,
More informationRevisiting the Great Gatsby Curve
Revisiting the Great Gatsby Curve Andros Kourtellos Ioanna Stylianou Charalambos Tsangarides Preliminary and incomplete Abstract The main of this paper is to uncover empirically robust determinants of
More informationPlanning the American Dream: The Case for an Office of Opportunity
Center on Children and Families at BROOKINGS May 2014 CCF Brief # 53 Planning the American Dream: The Case for an Office of Opportunity Richard V. Reeves Opportunity is a Bipartisan Issue U.S. politics
More informationIntergenerational Education Mobility among the Children of Canadian Immigrants
DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES IZA DP No. 3759 Intergenerational Education Mobility among the Children of Canadian Immigrants Abdurrahman Aydemir Wen-Hao Chen Miles Corak October 2008 Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft
More informationLessons from the U.S. Experience. Gary Burtless
Welfare Reform: The case of lone parents Lessons from the U.S. Experience Gary Burtless Washington, DC USA 5 April 2 The U.S. situation Welfare reform in the US is aimed mainly at lone-parent families
More informationHousehold Inequality and Remittances in Rural Thailand: A Lifecycle Perspective
Household Inequality and Remittances in Rural Thailand: A Lifecycle Perspective Richard Disney*, Andy McKay + & C. Rashaad Shabab + *Institute of Fiscal Studies, University of Sussex and University College,
More informationJohn Parman Introduction. Trevon Logan. William & Mary. Ohio State University. Measuring Historical Residential Segregation. Trevon Logan.
Ohio State University William & Mary Across Over and its NAACP March for Open Housing, Detroit, 1963 Motivation There is a long history of racial discrimination in the United States Tied in with this is
More informationThe Economic and Social Outcomes of Children of Migrants in New Zealand
The Economic and Social Outcomes of Children of Migrants in New Zealand Julie Woolf Statistics New Zealand Julie.Woolf@stats.govt.nz, phone (04 931 4781) Abstract This paper uses General Social Survey
More informationPoverty and Inequality
Chapter 4 Poverty and Inequality Problems and Policies: Domestic After completing this chapter, you will be able to 1. Measure poverty across countries using different approaches and explain how poverty
More informationInequality, Mobility, and Cities. Alan Berube UNLV/Brookings Mountain West April 6, 2016
Inequality, Mobility, and Cities Alan Berube UNLV/Brookings Mountain West April 6, 2016 1 The Brookings Metro Program focuses on the well-being of major U.S. cities and metros with active work in 40+ regions
More informationImmigrants earning in Canada: Age at immigration and acculturation
UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA Immigrants earning in Canada: Age at immigration and acculturation By: Ying Meng (6937176) Major Paper presented to the Department of Economics of the University of Ottawa in partial
More informationTHREE ESSAYS IN EMPIRICAL LABOUR ECONOMICS. Miroslav Kučera. A Thesis. In the Department. Economics
THREE ESSAYS IN EMPIRICAL LABOUR ECONOMICS Miroslav Kučera A Thesis In the Department of Economics Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Concordia
More informationIMF research links declining labour share to weakened worker bargaining power. ACTU Economic Briefing Note, August 2018
IMF research links declining labour share to weakened worker bargaining power ACTU Economic Briefing Note, August 2018 Authorised by S. McManus, ACTU, 365 Queen St, Melbourne 3000. ACTU D No. 172/2018
More informationEthnic Intergenerational Transmission of Human Capital in Sweden
School of Economics and Management Lund University Department of Economics M. Sc. Thesis 10p Ethnic Intergenerational Transmission of Human Capital in Sweden Author: Håkan Lenhoff Tutors: Inga Persson,
More informationEDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT OF THREE GENERATIONS OF IMMIGRANTS IN CANADA: INITIAL EVIDENCE FROM THE ETHNIC DIVERSITY SURVEY
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT OF THREE GENERATIONS OF IMMIGRANTS IN CANADA: INITIAL EVIDENCE FROM THE ETHNIC DIVERSITY SURVEY by Aneta Bonikowska Department of Economics University of British Columbia December
More informationWhy are the Relative Wages of Immigrants Declining? A Distributional Approach* Brahim Boudarbat, Université de Montréal
Preliminary and incomplete Comments welcome Why are the Relative Wages of Immigrants Declining? A Distributional Approach* Brahim Boudarbat, Université de Montréal Thomas Lemieux, University of British
More informationSchool Performance of the Children of Immigrants in Canada,
School Performance of the Children of Immigrants in Canada, 1994-98 by Christopher Worswick * No. 178 11F0019MIE No. 178 ISSN: 1205-9153 ISBN: 0-662-31229-5 Department of Economics, Carleton University
More informationForum «Pour un Québec prospère» Pour des politiques publiques de réduction des inégalités pro-croissance Mardi le 3 juin 2014
Forum «Pour un Québec prospère» Pour des politiques publiques de réduction des inégalités pro-croissance Mardi le 3 juin 2014 NOUVELLES APPROCHES EN MATIÈRE DE RÉDUCTION DES INÉGALITÉS ET DE POLITIQUES
More informationLabour Market Success of Immigrants to Australia: An analysis of an Index of Labour Market Success
Labour Market Success of Immigrants to Australia: An analysis of an Index of Labour Market Success Laurence Lester NILS 17 August 2007 Macquarie University Research Seminar Series Plan Introduction The
More informationPersistent Poverty on Indian Reservations: New Perspectives and Responses 1
N I N T H D I S T R I C T Persistent Poverty on Indian Reservations: New Perspectives and Responses 1 Narayana Kocherlakota President Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Editor s note: The following is
More informationThomas Piketty. Human Capital. 21st. in the. Century. by alan b. krueger. 48 The Milken Institute Review
Thomas Piketty Human Capital in the 21st Century by alan b. krueger tk 48 The Milken Institute Review tk Third Quarter 2014 49 I think it is fair to say that no French writer save Alexis de Tocqueville
More informationHuman capital transmission and the earnings of second-generation immigrants in Sweden
Hammarstedt and Palme IZA Journal of Migration 2012, 1:4 RESEARCH Open Access Human capital transmission and the earnings of second-generation in Sweden Mats Hammarstedt 1* and Mårten Palme 2 * Correspondence:
More informationTITLE: AUTHORS: MARTIN GUZI (SUBMITTER), ZHONG ZHAO, KLAUS F. ZIMMERMANN KEYWORDS: SOCIAL NETWORKS, WAGE, MIGRANTS, CHINA
TITLE: SOCIAL NETWORKS AND THE LABOUR MARKET OUTCOMES OF RURAL TO URBAN MIGRANTS IN CHINA AUTHORS: CORRADO GIULIETTI, MARTIN GUZI (SUBMITTER), ZHONG ZHAO, KLAUS F. ZIMMERMANN KEYWORDS: SOCIAL NETWORKS,
More informationGender, migration and well-being of the elderly in rural China
Gender, migration and well-being of the elderly in rural China Shuzhuo Li 1 Marcus W. Feldman 2 Xiaoyi Jin 1 Dongmei Zuo 1 1. Institute for Population and Development Studies, Xi an Jiaotong University
More informationPoverty: A Social Justice Issue. Jim Southard. Professor David Lucas. Siena Heights University
Running head: POVERTY: A SOCIAL JUSTICE ISSUE Poverty: A Social Justice Issue Jim Southard Professor David Lucas Siena Heights University Poverty: A Social Justice Issue 2 Introduction: Is poverty a serious
More informationEquitable Growth. Patterns of Economic Mobility in the United States. Washington Center for
Washington Center for Equitable Growth Patterns of Economic Mobility in the United States What Does the Most Recent Academic Research Tell Us About U.S. Economic Mobility? Carter C. Price and Pedro Spivakovsky-Gonzalez
More informationAre Refugees Different from Economic Immigrants? Some Empirical Evidence on the Heterogeneity of Immigrant Groups in the U.S.
Are Refugees Different from Economic Immigrants? Some Empirical Evidence on the Heterogeneity of Immigrant Groups in the U.S. Kalena E. Cortes Princeton University kcortes@princeton.edu Motivation Differences
More informationEcon 196 Lecture. The Economics of Immigration. David Card
Econ 196 Lecture The Economics of Immigration David Card Main Questions 1. What are the characteristics of immigrants (and second generation immigrants)? 2. Why do people immigrate? Does that help explain
More informationAccess to Post Secondary Education in Canada Among the Children of Canadian Immigrants Ross Finnie Richard E. Mueller
Access to Post Secondary Education in Canada Among the Children of Canadian Immigrants Ross Finnie Richard E. Mueller MESA2009 1 MESAMEASURING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STUDENT AID Canadian Education Project
More informationMigration, Remittances and Children s Schooling in Haiti
Migration, Remittances and Children s Schooling in Haiti Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes San Diego State University & IZA Annie Georges Teachers College, Columbia University Susan Pozo Western Michigan University
More informationJob Quality among Minority and Immigrant Working Parents Alison Earle, Ph.D., Pam Joshi, Ph.D., Kim Geronimo, and Dolores Acevedo-Garcia, Ph.D.
Job Quality among Minority and Immigrant Working Parents Alison Earle, Ph.D., Pam Joshi, Ph.D., Kim Geronimo, and Dolores Acevedo-Garcia, Ph.D. June 15, 2012 A project of: diversitydata-kids Using data
More informationImmigrant Employment and Earnings Growth in Canada and the U.S.: Evidence from Longitudinal data
Immigrant Employment and Earnings Growth in Canada and the U.S.: Evidence from Longitudinal data Neeraj Kaushal, Columbia University Yao Lu, Columbia University Nicole Denier, McGill University Julia Wang,
More informationCAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF GROWING INEQUALITY and what can be done about it
THE FOURTH ANNUAL OXFORD FULBRIGHT DISTINGUISHED LECTURE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF GROWING INEQUALITY and what can be done about it Professor Joseph E. Stiglitz Friday 23 May
More informationInequality and Its Discontents: A Canadian Perspective
Inequality and Its Discontents: A Canadian Perspective Inaugural Sefton-Williams Lecture University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario March 19, 2015 Armine Yalnizyan Senior Economist, CCPA Overview What are
More informationINEQUALITY, EDUCATION & SKILLS
INEQUALITY, EDUCATION & SKILLS Craig Alexander Senior Vice President and Chief Economist August 2014 INEQUALITY ON THE RISE Inequality, Education and Skills 1 TD Economics, August 2014 MIDDLE SKILL JOBS
More informationHow does having immigrant parents affect the outcomes of children in Europe?
Ensuring equal opportunities and promoting upward social mobility for all are crucial policy objectives for inclusive societies. A group that deserves specific attention in this context is immigrants and
More informationMinority Earnings Disparity. Krishna Pendakur and Ravi Pendakur Simon Fraser University and University of Ottawa
Minority Earnings Disparity 1995-2005 Krishna Pendakur and Ravi Pendakur Simon Fraser University and University of Ottawa Introduction What happened to visible minority and Aboriginal earnings disparity
More informationUncertainty and international return migration: some evidence from linked register data
Applied Economics Letters, 2012, 19, 1893 1897 Uncertainty and international return migration: some evidence from linked register data Jan Saarela a, * and Dan-Olof Rooth b a A bo Akademi University, PO
More informationThe 'Great Gatsby' Curve In 3D: Inequality of Outcomes, Inequality of Opportunities and Social Mobility across Countries
The 'Great Gatsby' Curve In 3D: Inequality of Outcomes, Inequality of Opportunities and Social Mobility across Countries Autores: Thomas Staley University of Leeds Gaston Yalonetzky University of Leeds
More informationThe Educational Attainment of Second Generation Immigrants in Canada: Analysis based on the General Social Survey
MPRA Munich Personal RePEc Archive The Educational Attainment of Second Generation Immigrants in Canada: Analysis based on the General Social Survey Miroslav Kucera Human Resources and Social Development
More informationNew Ideas About Income Inequality in A Digitalizing World
October 3, 2018 New Ideas About Income Inequality in A Digitalizing World At a recent INSEAD alumni event in Zurich, Mark Stabile, INSEAD Professor of Economics, spoke about the topic of income inequality,
More informationPersistent Poverty on Indian Reservations: New Perspectives and Responses 1
Persistent Poverty on Indian Reservations: New Perspectives and Responses 1 Federal Reserve System Community Development Research Conference Washington, D.C. April 3, 2015 Narayana Kocherlakota President
More informationThe Transmission of Economic Status and Inequality: U.S. Mexico in Comparative Perspective
The Students We Share: New Research from Mexico and the United States Mexico City January, 2010 The Transmission of Economic Status and Inequality: U.S. Mexico in Comparative Perspective René M. Zenteno
More informationAge at Immigration and the Adult Attainments of Child Migrants to the United States
Immigration and Adult Attainments of Child Migrants Age at Immigration and the Adult Attainments of Child Migrants to the United States By Audrey Beck, Miles Corak, and Marta Tienda Immigrants age at arrival
More informationIncome Mobility in India: Dimensions, Drivers and Policy
Income Mobility in India: Dimensions, Drivers and Policy Peter Lanjouw (VU University, Amsterdam) Presentation for Engagement on Strategies to Overcome Inequality in South Africa 1-2 June, Kievets Kroon
More informationLinkages Between Economic Growth and Inequality: Introduction and Overview
Linkages Economic Growth and Inequality: Introduction and Overview S1 Linkages Between Economic Growth and Inequality: Introduction and Overview ANDREW SHARPE Centre for the Study of Living Standards Ottawa,
More informationInequality of Opportunity and Aggregate Economic Performance
DRAFT 15-October-2014 Inequality of Opportunity and Aggregate Economic Performance Katharine Bradbury and Robert K. Triest* Paper prepared for conference on Inequality of Economic Opportunity held at the
More informationThe only way is up? Social Mobility and Equal Opportunities. The Issues Note
The only way is up? Social Mobility and Equal Opportunities The Issues Note Opening Session: Equal opportunities as a lever to mobility Key facts Many people think that opportunities to move up the social
More informationBRAND. Cross-national evidence on the relationship between education and attitudes towards immigrants: Past initiatives and.
Cross-national evidence on the relationship between education and attitudes towards immigrants: Past initiatives and future OECD directions EMPLOYER BRAND Playbook Promoting Tolerance: Can education do
More informationMigration and Tourism Flows to New Zealand
Migration and Tourism Flows to New Zealand Murat Genç University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Email address for correspondence: murat.genc@otago.ac.nz 30 April 2010 PRELIMINARY WORK IN PROGRESS NOT FOR
More informationEducation, Health and Fertility of UK Immigrants:
Business School Department of Economics Centre for European Labour Market Research Education, Health and Fertility of UK Immigrants: The Role of English ECONOMISING, STRATEGISING Language Skills AND THE
More informationIs Global Inequality Really Falling?
Presentation at session on Global Inequality, WIDER Conference 2018 Is Global Inequality Really Falling? Martin Ravallion Georgetown University 1 Defining global inequality The prevailing approach pools
More informationIPR 40 th Anniversary Distinguished Public Policy Lecture. Rebecca Blank. "Why Does Inequality Matter and What Should We Do About It?
IPR 40 th Anniversary Distinguished Public Policy Lecture Rebecca Blank "Why Does Inequality Matter and What Should We Do About It?" Robert S. Kerr Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution. Former Dean of
More information5A. Wage Structures in the Electronics Industry. Benjamin A. Campbell and Vincent M. Valvano
5A.1 Introduction 5A. Wage Structures in the Electronics Industry Benjamin A. Campbell and Vincent M. Valvano Over the past 2 years, wage inequality in the U.S. economy has increased rapidly. In this chapter,
More informationWHEN MOVING MATTERS Residential and Economic Mobility Trends in America,
No. 2 November 2015 Published by the Manhattan Institute e21 Report WHEN MOVING MATTERS Residential and Economic Mobility Trends in America, 1880 20 Scott Winship Senior Fellow, Manhattan Institute AT
More informationVoter Turnout, Income Inequality, and Redistribution. Henning Finseraas PhD student Norwegian Social Research
Voter Turnout, Income Inequality, and Redistribution Henning Finseraas PhD student Norwegian Social Research hfi@nova.no Introduction Motivation Robin Hood paradox No robust effect of voter turnout on
More informationLiteracy, Numeracy, Technological Problem Solving, and Health among U.S. Adults: PIAAC Analyses
Literacy, Numeracy, Technological Problem Solving, and Health among U.S. Adults: PIAAC Analyses Esther Prins, Shannon Monnat, Carol Clymer, & Blaire Toso Pennsylvania State University November 2, 2015
More informationLong live your ancestors American dream:
Long live your ancestors American dream: The self-selection and multigenerational mobility of American immigrants Joakim Ruist* University of Gothenburg joakim.ruist@economics.gu.se April 2017 Abstract
More informationImmigrant Skill Selection and Utilization: A Comparative Analysis for Australia, Canada, and the United States
Immigrant Skill Selection and Utilization: A Comparative Analysis for Australia, Canada, and the United States Andrew Clarke University of Melbourne Mikal Skuterud University of Waterloo CRDCN National
More informationInequality. A Closer Look. February 2014
A Closer Look Inequality February 2014 Joshua N. Feinman Chief Global Economist Deutsche Asset & Wealth Management Tel: 212-454-7964 Email: josh.feinman@db.com A Closer Look Inequality Inequality is in
More informationF. Leslie Seidle. Research Director (Diversity, Immigration and Integration) Institute for Research on Public Policy (IRPP)
F. Leslie Seidle Research Director (Diversity, Immigration and Integration) Institute for Research on Public Policy (IRPP) Presentation to roundtable sponsored by the Canadian Embassy and Vodafone Foundation
More information1. Introduction. Higher Education Research 2017; 2(2): doi: /j.her
Higher Education Research 2017; 2(2): 60-75 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/her doi: 10.11648/j.her.20170202.16 Investigating the Relationship Between Intergenerational Income Mobility and Higher
More informationThe Labour Market Performance of Immigrant and. Canadian-born Workers by Age Groups. By Yulong Hou ( )
The Labour Market Performance of Immigrant and Canadian-born Workers by Age Groups By Yulong Hou (7874222) Major paper presented to the Department of Economics of the University of Ottawa in partial fulfillment
More informationWorld changes in inequality:
World changes in inequality: facts, causes, policies François Bourguignon Paris School of Economics BIS, Luzern, June 2016 1 The rising importance of inequality in the public debate Due to fast increase
More informationToward a New Social Contract:
Tokyo morning seminar series Toward a New Social Contract: Taking on Distributional Tensions in Europe and Central Asia Maurizio Bussolo María E. Dávalos Vito Peragine Ramya Sundaram Toward a New Social
More informationExpert group meeting. New research on inequality and its impacts World Social Situation 2019
Expert group meeting New research on inequality and its impacts World Social Situation 2019 New York, 12-13 September 2018 Introduction In 2017, the General Assembly encouraged the Secretary-General to
More informationEarnings, education and competences: can we reverse inequality? Daniele Checchi (University of Milan and LIS Luxemburg)
Earnings, education and competences: can we reverse inequality? Daniele Checchi (University of Milan and LIS Luxemburg) 1 Educational policies are often invoked as good instruments for reducing income
More informationA Study of the Earning Profiles of Young and Second Generation Immigrants in Canada by Tianhui Xu ( )
A Study of the Earning Profiles of Young and Second Generation Immigrants in Canada by Tianhui Xu (6544402) Major paper presented to the Department of Economics of the University of Ottawa in partial fulfillment
More informationFall : Problem Set Four Solutions
Fall 2009 4.64: Problem Set Four Solutions Amanda Pallais December 9, 2009 Borjas Question 7-2 (a) (b) (c) (d) Indexing the minimum wage to in ation would weakly decrease inequality. It would pull up the
More informationThe effect of a generous welfare state on immigration in OECD countries
The effect of a generous welfare state on immigration in OECD countries Ingvild Røstøen Ruen Master s Thesis in Economics Department of Economics UNIVERSITY OF OSLO May 2017 II The effect of a generous
More informationLABOUR-MARKET INTEGRATION OF IMMIGRANTS IN OECD-COUNTRIES: WHAT EXPLANATIONS FIT THE DATA?
LABOUR-MARKET INTEGRATION OF IMMIGRANTS IN OECD-COUNTRIES: WHAT EXPLANATIONS FIT THE DATA? By Andreas Bergh (PhD) Associate Professor in Economics at Lund University and the Research Institute of Industrial
More informationThe Economic and Social Review, Vol. 41, No. 4, Winter, 2010, pp Social Mobility and Equality of Opportunity Geary Lecture Spring 2010
The Economic and Social Review, Vol. 41, No. 4, Winter, 2010, pp. 413 428 Social Mobility and Equality of Opportunity Geary Lecture Spring 2010 RICHARD BREEN* Yale University, USA I INTRODUCTION Ladies
More informationGLOBALIZATION AND THE GREAT U-TURN: INCOME INEQUALITY TRENDS IN 16 OECD COUNTRIES. Arthur S. Alderson
GLOBALIZATION AND THE GREAT U-TURN: INCOME INEQUALITY TRENDS IN 16 OECD COUNTRIES by Arthur S. Alderson Department of Sociology Indiana University Bloomington Email aralders@indiana.edu & François Nielsen
More informationepub WU Institutional Repository
epub WU Institutional Repository Sonja Jovicic Literacy skills, equality of educational opportunities and educational outcomes: an international comparison Paper Original Citation: Jovicic, Sonja (2018)
More informationEdexcel (A) Economics A-level
Edexcel (A) Economics A-level Theme 4: A Global Perspective 4.2 Poverty and Inequality 4.2.2 Inequality Notes Distinction between wealth and income inequality Wealth is defined as a stock of assets, such
More informationSegregation from generation to generation? Intergenerational Transmission of Context among visible immigrants and the majority in Sweden
Björn Gustafsson Department of Social Work University of Gothenburg P.O. Box 720 SE 405 30 Gothenburg Sweden and Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Bonn Bjorn.Gustafsson@socwork.gu.se Katarina Katz
More informationGlobalization and Inequality : a brief review of facts and arguments
Globalization and Inequality : a brief review of facts and arguments François Bourguignon Paris School of Economics LIS Lecture, July 2018 1 The globalization/inequality debate and recent political surprises
More informationFemale Migration, Human Capital and Fertility
Female Migration, Human Capital and Fertility Vincenzo Caponi, CREST (Ensai), Ryerson University,IfW,IZA January 20, 2015 VERY PRELIMINARY AND VERY INCOMPLETE Abstract The objective of this paper is to
More informationEmployment Rate Gaps between Immigrants and Non-immigrants in. Canada in the Last Three Decades
Employment Rate Gaps between Immigrants and Non-immigrants in Canada in the Last Three Decades By Hao Lu Student No. 7606307 Major paper presented to the department of economics of the University of Ottawa
More informationIntergenerational Educational Mobility in Hong Kong: Are Immigrants More Mobile Than Natives?
Intergenerational Educational Mobility in Hong Kong: Are Immigrants More Mobile Than Natives? by Kit-Chun Lam and Pak-Wai Liu Working Paper No. 42 December 2015 Institute of Global Economics and Finance
More informationExplaining the Deteriorating Entry Earnings of Canada s Immigrant Cohorts:
Explaining the Deteriorating Entry Earnings of Canada s Immigrant Cohorts: 1966-2000 Abdurrahman Aydemir Family and Labour Studies Division Statistics Canada aydeabd@statcan.ca 613-951-3821 and Mikal Skuterud
More informationChina s (Uneven) Progress Against Poverty. Martin Ravallion and Shaohua Chen Development Research Group, World Bank
China s (Uneven) Progress Against Poverty Martin Ravallion and Shaohua Chen Development Research Group, World Bank 1 Around 1980 China had one of the highest poverty rates in the world We estimate that
More informationEducation, Health and Fertility of UK Immigrants: The Role of English Language Skills
DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES IZA DP No. 9498 Education, Health and Fertility of UK Immigrants: The Role of English Language Skills Yu Aoki Lualhati Santiago November 2015 Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der
More informationPart 1: Focus on Income. Inequality. EMBARGOED until 5/28/14. indicator definitions and Rankings
Part 1: Focus on Income indicator definitions and Rankings Inequality STATE OF NEW YORK CITY S HOUSING & NEIGHBORHOODS IN 2013 7 Focus on Income Inequality New York City has seen rising levels of income
More informationECON 450 Development Economics
ECON 450 Development Economics Long-Run Causes of Comparative Economic Development Institutions University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Summer 2017 Outline 1 Introduction 2 3 The Korean Case The Korean
More information