13 Octobre 2016 EARTHQUAKE. April SIX MONTH REPORT

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1 13 Octobre 2016 EARTHQUAKE April SIX MONTH REPORT

2 13 Octobre 2016 KEY FIGURES Operational Presence Map of ECUADOR Manabí & Esmeraldas 12.Oct.2016 EARTHQUAKE Esmeraldas 7.8 Richter scale 16 April earthquake San Lorenzo Rioverde Atacames Esmeraldas 45 aftershocks Muisne greater than 5 on the Richter scale Eloy Alfaro Quinindé (IGEPN, octubre) Manabí Pedernales Quito 386,985 affected persons registered Jama (RUD-MCDS 7 Octobre) Sucre San Vicente Chone 6,925 persons in 26 government run camps (MICS, 25 July) Flavio Alfaro El Carmen Sucre Tosagua Pichincha Rocafuerte Bolívar Junín Jaramijó 20 and more organizations Portoviejo Manta Montecristi 8,842 persons Legend From 10 to 19 organizations Santa Ana From 6 to 9 organizations Less tan 5 organizations Olmedo Jipijapa 24 de Mayo living in 105 spontaneous sites (OIM-DTM4, August) Pto. López No presence of organizations Coordination Hub Capital Paján Nota: only cantons with 5 or more organizations are represented 36,149 Produced by: houses categorized as unsafe or of limited use Date of creation: Glide Number: EQ ECU Source : 5W of 7/Oct./2016; compiled by OCHA Comments or observations: ocha-rolac@un.org ecuador@redhum.org Thematic map. Not to scale and not geographically rerenced. Geographic división not oficial of REDHUM or the UN. (MIDUVI, 30 Septembre) 21,823 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE EMERGENCY formal and informal jobs lost (SENPLADES, May) 41 million dollars received in kind, experts and funds 10 main contributors to the emergency: PRIVATE SECTOR Note: For the activities under the Flash Appeal as well as those external to it. UN RESERVES Source (FTS, Octobre 12)

3 SITUATION ANALYSIS Six months have passed since the 7.8 magnitude earthquake hit the northwest coast of Ecuador. Since 16 April, 2016, more than 2,600 aftershocks have been registered from which 45 have been greater than five on the Richter scale taking place in the most affected cantons (Instituto Geofísico - IGEPN, 12 October). The President first declared a 90-day state of exception in six provinces on 17 April. In July a second 90-day state of exception was declared and on 14 October it was extended for another 60 days for the provinces of Esmeraldas and Manabí. During this period, national and local emergency response institutions have been active working to meet the persistent humanitarian needs as the recovery process moves forward. The Humanitarian Country Team was activated in the first moments after the earthquake. Delegates from the humanitarian sectors are complementing government response activities through Technical Work Groups. Nine thematic coordination sectors were established in the capital as well as three local coordination hubs. Some 70 international cooperation organizations participated. The Earthquake killed 671 people and directly affected more than 385,000. After the earthquake, the State created the Sole Registry of Affected Persons (RUD) to identify affected persons and offer them assistance. As of 7 October, the State officially recognized 386,985 persons in the RUD (Ministry Coordinator of Social Development- MCDS 7 October). The registration period ended on 30 July and some exceptional registries were accepted, however, humanitarian partners observed that affected people in rural areas have not been included. The earthquake has increased preexistent social and economic vulnerability in Esmeraldas and Manabí, the most affected provinces. In 2014, the provinces had high levels of poverty, 43.2% in Esmeraldas and 31.3% in Manabí, and high rurality levels (2010) 41.7% in Esmeraldas and 41.0% in Manabí according to the National Institute for Statistics and Census (INEC). Many homes lacked access to public water networks (43.4% in Esmeraldas and 49.1% in Manabí) and 30.7% and 33.3% respectively had access to a sewage system (INEC,2010). Humanitarian partners report the lack of land tenure titles as another important challenge in the affected areas. More than 300,000 people require safe housing. Around 70,000 families reported that their houses had permanent damage or were about to collapse and 40,504 families reported housing damage that could be repaired (RUD, 7 October). This represents more than 300,000 persons with a need for safe housing. The Government assessed 49,530 houses and found that 73 per cent (36,149 houses) qualified as damaged (Ministry of Urban Development and Housing (MIDUVI), 30 September). MIDUVI will continue with housing assessments in the coming months and thus the number of houses categorized as unsafe or of restricted use is expected to increase. There has been a decrease in the number or people living in government run camps and spontaneous sites from 30,000 at the beginning of the emergency to around 16,000 six months after. The first weeks after the earthquake, affected people sought shelter in improvised camps or in community spaces such as schools and churches. From May onwards, formal government run camps were established. In July, there were 27 government run camps with approximately 9,000 people living in them (Ministry Coordinator of Security (MICS), October). Currently, there are approximately 7,000 people in 24 government run camps (MICS, 11 October). These camps have access to water, sanitation, food, education, and psycho-social support. It is crucial to ensure that they continue to meet minimum conditions and have adequate funding and implement the established protocols for the regular provision of services. It is also critical to promote participation of the displaced population in decision making processes and camp management. SOLE REGISTRY OF AFFECTED PERSONS Ministry Coordinator of Social Development Ecuador 386,985 registered in the RUD 2,897 pregnant women 81.9% Persons from 5 to 65 years 96% Manabí and Esmeraldas 4% rest of the country 15,714 persons with disabilities 10.5% younger than 5 years old 7.6% older than 65 years old

4 SITUATION ANALYSIS More than 8,000 people are still living in 105 spontaneous sites as identified by the International Organization for Migrations (IOM) through the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM, Round 4). Half of the spontaneous sites are located in rural areas and have not received much assistance and 73 per cent report that they share their living space with other families. Some 65 per cent of sites have improvised roofs made from tarpaulins, plastic and other materials and 64 per cent of the sites do not have latrines or toilettes and only receive water sporadically. Only two percent of the sites are receiving food rations. The MICS and the Camp Coordination and Camp Management Sector are developing a Response Plan for Displaced Families in Spontaneous Sites. The objective is to promote durable solutions to families in spontaneous sites as well as those living outside their damaged homes. At the same time, the MICS and the Shelter Sector have worked to implement four models of temporary shelters for the families waiting for the construction of their state provided permanent solutions. Challenges remain in ensuring minimum conditions of dignity for the affected population particularly in rural areas and spontaneous sites. During the first months, the majority of the response efforts (housing assessments, registry of affected persons, assistance delivery) were carried out in urban areas and government-run camps. The State and humanitarian partners have made an effort to start reaching more rural areas. However, there is still an imbalance to rectify. The National government has established a series of temporary assistance strategies for displaced persons, which include host family and rental assistance. The host family grant consists in providing host families $150 monthly for a period of six months and the rental grant provides affected families with $135 monthly to pay rent for six months. As of 20 September, the Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion (MIES) has provided around 15,800 host family grants and 2,500 rental grants. It will be important for the State to follow up with families after the end of the six months of assistance. So far a total of 44,442 of housing repair and reconstruction incentives have been delivered by MIDUVI under the plan Reconstruct Ecuador (MIDUVI, 11 October). From these, 19,371 are for housing repair and 20,551 construction of housing on their own land, 4,507 for new housing in government s urbanized land and 13 for houses that once cost up to $70,000. A total, of 32,058 are in process of reconstruction (15,599) or housing repair (16,459). According to MIDUVI, approximately 11,000 houses will be ready by the end of The earthquake and subsequent displacement increased factors that contribute to domestic violence, gender based violence (GBV) and other forms of violence. Despite the efforts of the Office of the Ombudsman, MIES, and the Ministry of Justice, Human Rights in promoting Human Rights monitoring, recommendations, protection routes and protocols, there has been an increase in cases of violence directed towards women, children and adolescents. This increase is, particularly due to conditions of overcrowding and lack of privacy. It is necessary to continue strengthening protection systems at the community, family and national level to prevent and attend cases of violence. There is progress in reestablishing water and sanitation systems however the coverage of regular water and sanitation remains a gap. The public water network only reached around 50 percent of homes in the provinces of Manabí and Esmeraldas before the earthquake. The Secretary of Water (SENAGUA), in collaboration with the WASH Sector, has provided water and sanitation solutions in government-run camps and some spontaneous sites. However, water supply is being reduced as contracts with private water trucks companies have ended. More funding is needed to strengthen local and national capacities to achieve permanent or sustainable solutions. Inadequate management of solid waste and grey water represents a threat for the population s health and support is needed in this area to avoid water born and vector diseases. Health services are almost completely reestablished, however, there is an increase in cases of vector borne diseases that must be addressed. Reports from the Ministry of Public Health (MSP) show 2,057 zika cases in Manabí and 193 in Esmeraldas and 341 cases of chikungunya in Manabí and 286 in Esmeraldas. With the arrival of the winter season, vector borne diseases are expected to increase.

5 SITUATION ANALYSIS The recovery of livelihoods requires medium and long-term support mechanisms to strengthen local capacities. Increasing resilience and generating economic income will help stabilize livelihoods and lead to an inclusive economic growth. The economic loss from the earthquake has directly impacted the jobs and livelihoods of the affected populations and in the local and national economy. According to information from the National Secretariat of Planning and Development (SENPLADES), at a macroeconomic level, the earthquake will produce a decrease of 0.7% in the country s GDP and a loss of at least 21,823 jobs in Local development actors need to be aligned with common objectives under a medium term strategy agreed with the Provincial Decentralized Autonomous Governments (GAD) that have the competence of productive promotion, municipalities, the private sector and other stakeholders. FLASH APPEAL: On 20 April 2016, The Humanitarian Country Team with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs launched an International Flash Appeal. It required $72.8 million dollars to provide humanitarian assistance for the affected population during a six-month period. As of 13 October, $26.9 millions have been received. An additional $14.1 million dollars have been received in the form of funding and in kind contributions outside of the Flash Appeal as registered in the Financial Tracking System. In total, around $41.1 million has been received for the humanitarian response million dollars required in the Flash Appeal 37% Funded 26.9 million dollars received for activities in the Flash Appeal Source 13 Octobre 2016

6 291,780 persons received food kits or food vouchers 33,500 children and adolescents received school kits 42,000 persons benefited from Sexual and Reproductive Health Kits 3,559 temporary shelters being implemented 200,000 persons with access to safe water 4,695 families trained in land tenance rights EARTHQUAKE ECUADOR KEY SECTOR ACHIEVEMENTS 1 6 O C T SIX MONTHS AFTER 151,699 persons received non-food items 1,000 teachers trained in psychosocial support 2,440 pregnant women benefited from zika prevention kits 276,800 children under the age of five, pregnant women or women breastfeeding benefited from micronutrients 100,000 persons received higiene items 2, ,300 women, men and adolescents trained in the prevention of gender based violence persons received individual or collective pyscho-social support 4 Rounds of the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) 4,669 persons benefited from demolition and debris management through Cash for Work 19 hospitals rehabilitated

7 Camp Coordination and Camp Management (CCCM) Sector Leader: Ministry Coordinator of Security (MICS) and Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion (MIES) Sector Co-leader: International Organization for Migration (IOM) Priorities Provide technical support to the Camp Management National Committee and strengthen management teams for the improvement and maintenance of government-run camps with MICS. Support the implementation of the Comprehensive Camp Management System Develop an inter-institutional community participation and engagement strategy for camps Identification of displaced persons humanitarian needs in coordination with the Sectors of Shelter and Non Food Items, Protection, and WASH Support the design of strategies for the closure of government run camps and the creation of the Comprehensive response plan for displaced families living outside of camps or in spontaneous sites 15,767 persons in camps and spontaneous sites It is necessary the provision of temporary solutions for persons in spontaneous sites Response achievements and current situation At the beginning of the response, the CCCM Sector collaborated with the government and affected population in the establishment and management of 27 camps. The Sector collaborated with the Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion (MIES) in the collection of information concerning the displaced population. Moreover, the Sector implemented the first round of the Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) in 76 sites where more than 10 families were living (government run camps, host families and spontaneous sites). This helped identify the humanitarian needs of 11,274 persons and allowing real time monitoring of the displacement flow. The CCCM Sector provided training and technical assistance to more than 500 public officials of 25 Camp Management Committees, strengthening the management and coordination according to international humanitarian standards under a protection approach. Between the third and fourth round of the DTM there was a decrease of 18 percent decrease of the displaced persons identified living in camps or spontaneous sites with more than five families: from 20,339 to 16,633. Around 8,842 persons are still living in 105 spontaneous and in need of humanitarian, meanwhile, approximately persons live in the 24 government run camps, which are managed by the Camp Management National Committee. The Sector in coordination with the Technical Working Table Four collected information of 415 households (1,738 persons) living in spontaneous sites in the outskirts of Pedernales canton. Furthermore, the Sector is working in the definition of temporary and permanent solutions for these families, taking into account access to housing and the promotion of livelihoods, key aspects that guarantee a sustainable return and reintegration. Six months after the earthquake, matters of temporary and permanent solutions and protection issues, are of particular concern especially in spontaneous sites. Towards recovery Currently the Sector is supporting the Camp Management National Committee in construction activities, improvement and maintenance of 12 government- run camps. Technical assistance is provided for the implementation of the Comprehensive Management System for Camps (SIGAT) in 24 government-run camps. Furthermore, the Sector helps the government define strategies for the future closure of camps. The Sector is designing inter-institutional transitional strategies alongside the Humanitarian Country Team to continue with the support to governmental institutions and affected population. $ 4M required $ 0.4M received 10% funded 100,000 target 87,000 reached 87% achieved

8 Shelter and Non-food items Sector Leader: Ministry of Urban Development and Housing (MIDUVI) and Ministry Coordinator of Security (MICS) Sector Co-leader:International Federation of the Red Cross (IFRC) Priorities Continue with the establishment of temporary shelters with water and sanitation solutions in rural communities, especially where MIVUDI will take more than six months to provide permanent housing solutions. Improve construction quality through capacity building and training of institutions in charge of reconstruction and raise public awareness about the importance of good quality construction materials, design and construction processes of buildings. Support public institutions in the recovery planning. Frente a la protección de 49,530 houses las personas dentro de evaluated los refugios los incidentes reportados 36,149 houses corresponden categorized en un 62% as a hurto, insecure a or violencia of restricted intrafamiliar use 33% seguido (MIDUVI, por un 30 5% Sep.) de casos de violencia general. 45, personas Kitchen and apoyado Shelter Kits con delivered cedulación con el Registro Civil Response achievements and current situation Due to the earthquake, a significant part of the affected population ended up without housing, in host families or living surrounded by debris. Until end of September, MIDUVI had assessed more than 49,000 houses and more than had been labeled as unsafe. To complement the government s immediate response, the Shelter Sector distributed nonfood items to 151,999 persons ( families), 45,464 housing, kitchen and blankets kits, 18,000 mosquito nets, water containers, 21,841 tarpaulins and 2,186 tents. The two significant changes in the Shelter Sector response have been: the beginning of the construction of permanent housing as well as the Government s authorization for the provision of temporary shelter solutions for affected persons while their permanent housing solutions are provided. The Government has started building permanent housing for affected persons in their own land and urbanizing public land for affected persons who cannot return to where they lived before the earthquake. The international community, through the working group Housing, Land and Property (VTP) has worked with MIDUVI for a more inclusive access to construction and repair incentives. Good faith land owners have been recognized as potential beneficiaries of incentives through the Ministerial Agreement No and not only with affected persons with land property titles. These efforts have helped to implement temporary shelters (338 to be completed) and the repair of 1,774 houses (321 to be completed). Likewise, 4,695 families and 250 justice officials attended training on land, housing and property issues. The reconstruction State plans are and have been focused on urban areas and urban outskirts. The Shelter Sector partners directed their aid to rural areas. In the future, this is expected to continue since public institutions requested assistance for rural areas, where they will take longer to reach due to vast logistic difficulties in these areas. The persons that are not beneficiaries of MIDUVI housing incentives still need an alternative as well as the families living in spontaneous sites or in risk declared areas with precarious constructions. The working group VTP will continue to advocate for the defense of property rights and tenancy for those affected by the earthquake to provide long-term legal security for good faith housing owners without property titles. Towards recovery The Shelter Sector is leaning towards a comprehensive, holistic and flexible effort led by the Government. Moreover, the Sector has provided a permanent housing design evaluation tool and has supported its partners in the validation of their permanent housing architectural projects. The Government approved 199 permanent housing solutions from humanitarian organizations Two working documents with key messages for safe construction have been developed. These were shared through brochures and capacity building of trainers of partner organizations to carry the messages to the communities where they are working. The Shelter and Protection Sectors have produced a list with vulnerability criteria to prioritize the implementation of housing aid. More detailed information in the following link: $16 M required $ 5.5 M received 34% funded 100,000 target 151,699 reached 100% achieved

9 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) Sector leader: Secretariat of Water (SENAGUA) Sector co-leader: United Nations Children s Fund (UNICEF) Priorities Develop a strategy for the provision of WASH in spontaneous sites, schools and rural areas. Offer technical assistance for the provision and management of water and sanitation services in government-run camps, spontaneous sites, schools and health centers in rural and urban areas. Strengthen and support local and national institutions improve their response capacity through technical assistance, training in emergency coordination and the development of contingency plans. Continue to support the assessments of water quality and the establishment of follow up epidemiologic mechanisms for monitoring water born diseases. 500 latrines constructed 50 schools provided with hydraulic infrastructure rehabilitated 40,000 persons with access to sanitation Response achievements and current situation Since the first days after the earthquake, the Sector has supported SENAGUA in the response to the emergency. At first, humanitarian activities focused on government-run camps, urban areas and city outskirt. The Sector and SENAGUA provided WASH services to the affected population in government- run camps in an effective manner and the minimum emergency standards were met. Currently, the WASH Sector has integrated new activities to increase coverage and meet WASH needs, in areas such as: spontaneous sites, rural areas and institutions (schools and health centers) where assistance has been limited. Towards Recovery At medium and long term perspective, planning, implementation and rehabilitation of water supply systems and sanitation had started. The Sector continues with intertwined collaboration, support and technical assistance to improve water distribution at local level improving the response capacity of the Municipal Public Company of Potable Water and Sewerage (EMAPAP). Strengthening capacity activities increased to reinforce the capabilities of water boards and public institutions. Similarly, support to reestablishment/reconstruction of water infrastructure and sanitation increased in schools and houses, complemented with hygiene promotion activities, the last one an key component for the overall WASH strategy on rural areas, articulated with public institutions, SENAGUA, Ministries and other sectors such as Health, Education and Shelter and Non Food Items. $14 M required 350,000 target $7 M received 50% funded The sector assisted 200,000 persons in both urban, and rural areas with access to water, through the donation of WASH items as well as through the rehabilitation of water infrastructure in communities and schools. More than 40,000 persons have been assisted with access to sanitation through the installation, construction and rehabilitation of latrines. A total of 500 latrines have been established complementing the Shelter Sector has supported SENAGUA in the response to the emergency. At first, humanitarian activities focused on government-run camps, urban areas and city outskirt. The Sector and SENAGUA provided WASH services to the affected population in government- run camps in an effective manner and the minimum emergency standards were met. Currently, the WASH Sector has integrated new activities to increase coverage and meet WASH needs, in areas such as: spontaneous sites, rural areas and institutions (schools and health centers) where assistance has been limited. The sector assisted 200,000 persons in both urban, and rural areas with access to water, through the donation of WASH items as well as through the rehabilitation of water infrastructure in communities and schools. More than 40,000 persons have been assisted with access to sanitation through the installation, construction and rehabilitation of latrines. A total of 500 latrines have been established complementing the Shelter Sector activities and there have been sanitation interventions in 50 schools. About 100 persons have been provided with hygiene kits and good hygiene practices, which included integral activities to curve the number of zika cases. At an epidemiological level, no water borne diseases have been officially reported indicating an efficient WASH response. Donations of calcium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite, equipment and reactants for monitoring water quality have been crucial to avoid a disease outbreak. The Sector worked closely with SENAGUA offering support for the response and technical assistance, especially in the provision of safe water and sanitation solutions. Likewise, at the local level, the response capacity of municipal public enterprise has been strengthen and supported concerning water and sewage solutions. 200,000 reached 57% achieved

10 Early Recovery Sector leader: Reconstruction Committee, Ministry of Urban Development and Housing (MIDUVI), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Aquaculture and Fishery (MAGAP), Ministry Coordinator of Social Development (MCDS), Ministry Coordinator of Production, Labor and Competitiveness (MCPEC) Sector Co-leader: United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Priorities Continue with assessments of houses and land and support the demolition and debris management to prevent accidents and ensure the recovery of the affected population. Support the midterm and long-term recovery of livelihoods and the rehabilitation of productive infrastructure, primarily in rural areas and urban outskirts, emphasis will also be placed on the recovery of micro-companies. Plan joint efforts with the State for post-earthquake recovery, sustainable and improved construction criteria aimed to improve local development processes. Identify sustainable livelihood recovery opportunities and mobilize resources for these. 9,000 persons benefited by the reactivation of productive activities 312 producers provided with productive infrastructure 726 houses demolished through Cash for Work Response achievements and current situation The sector responded to the emergency through the demolition of unsafe houses, debris management and the reactivation of livelihoods. The sector supported the demolition of 726 damaged houses through a Cash for Work program, benefiting approximately 4,699 people directly and indirectly. Complementarily, more than 18,000 m³ of debris has been removed and a significant part has been recycled. A total of 54 recycling staff working in La Solita landfill received equipment. UNDP, the Ministry of Environment (MAE), the Secretary of Risk Management (SGR) assessed six landfills to verify their adequate management and reduce the environmental footprint. The State has removed approximately 2,8 million m³ of debris and demolished 4,273 unsafe buildings. Moreover, in order to support a safe reconstruction process the UNDP, MIDUVI and SGR published seven implementation guides of the Ecuadorian Norm for Construction (NEC-15) to promote best practices for earthquake resistant design. On the other hand, for livelihood reactivation, the Sector supported the Decentralized Autonomous Government (GAD) of Manta in the relocation of 1,700 retailers of Tarqui in Manta canton. The sector has trained nearly 700 retailers in the reactivation or management of their businesses and more than 120 trainees are women entrepreneurs. Moreover, 166 affected businesses were rehabilitated to reactivate their economic activities. Equally, productive infrastructure of 312 producers and their families was rehabilitated and they recovered their livelihoods. To support micro-entrepreneurs, the Sector is implementing a program of distribution of productive supplies alongside technical assistance for the reactivation of agricultural activities, small-scale farming, fisheries and tourism, benefiting approximately 9,000 persons. Furthermore, the strengthening of supply chains for small-scale fisheries has been the main focus. Finally, the government has opened a flexible credit line for the productive and commercial sectors through services of BANEcuador, Banco del Pacifico, CFN and CONAFIPS. Some local governments are relocating markets and their productive infrastructure. Towards recovery It is necessary to start with a mid and long-term recovery process post-earthquake. This process must cover the promotion of an inclusive economic growth with a view of resuming and improving local development processes. Sector partners, taking in consideration the national efforts, will identify the gaps and prioritized actions for livelihood recovery in the affected areas. The Sector s future work concerning commerce, tourism, fishery and agriculture will integrate vulnerable groups in order to build back better and in a sustainable way. Early Recovery partners are designing a strategy to identify sustainable opportunities for livelihood recovery through capacity building and strengthening, inclusive businesses, better access to funding and social and institutional consolidation, all based in an equal opportunities framework. It is vital to identify possible sources of funding to increase the coverage of the interventions. $ 7 M required $ 2.6 M received 38% funded 100,000 target 75,103 reached 75% achieved

11 Health and Nutrition Priorities Strengthen the comprehensive emergency response strategy for zika and its complications Incorporate safe hospital criteria, such as strengthening of infrastructure, in the reconstruction and rehabilitation of hospitals and health centers. Support the promotion, prevention and recovery of the nutritional status of children under five years, pregnant and lactating women. Continue with psychosocial support in government-run camps, spontaneous sites and training of personnel to provide psychosocial first aid. 25,357 children 15,900 doses of therapeutic food for Sector leader: Ministry of Public Health (MSP) Sector co-leader: World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization (WHO/PAHO) benefited from clinical treatments for acute diarrhea potentially benefiting children with acute malnutrition Achievements of the response and current situation: The MSP with the support of Health and Nutrition Sector and partners in the earthquake response focused on infrastructure recovery, equipment of health centers, prevention and promotion of health, nutrition, sexual and reproductive health (SRR) and psychosocial support with the Protection Sector assistance. Since the beginning of the response, the Sector focused on the rehabilitation of hospitals and health centers. Six months after, 90% of the affected hospitals and 97% of damaged health centers have been rehabilitated. Of the 21 damaged hospitals 19 are rehabilitated and of the 38 damaged health centers 37 are recovered. Furthermore, in Pedernales and Portoviejo cantons, clinical laboratories were recovered and 20 horizontal refrigerators were delivered to strengthen vaccines' cold chain. Simultaneously, vulnerable groups such as mothers and children under five years old received special attention. The Nutrition Subsector developed a program for the promotion and protection of breastfeeding through: 1) Mother and Children friendly spaces 2) mobile units for the provision of nourishment for young children (ALNP), 3) stimulation, height/ weight monitoring, early development for children and psychosocial support to mothers in 20 communities and 4) training on comprehensive care of prevalent childhood diseases (AEPI) to 220 health practitioners to reduce morbidity and mortality of children under five years old. In addition, oral rehydration salts and zinc doses were delivered to benefit 25,357 children for clinical treatment of acute diarrhea. Furthermore, due to the risks that come from displacement situations, the Sector strengthened the sexual and reproductive health response (SRR) through the delivery of Sexual and Reproductive Health Kits. These specifically help address: sexual and gender violence (SGBV) care, prophylaxis of sexually transmitted diseases (STIs), HIV, emergency contraceptives, care for obstetric and neonatal emergencies and family planning methods. The delivery of these kits was followed by a on-site training on the usage of them. With the collaboration of the Protection Sector health personnel was trained on psychosocial first aid. Psychosocial care initiatives were implemented with a gender focus and others were directed towards children (Return to happiness program). Is a priority to continue with psychosocial support processes in spontaneous sites and government-run camps. With the rainy season around the corner, the Sector is strongly working to prevent and respond to vector borne diseases. At the moment, 2,457 zika cases have been reported (Manabí 2,057, Esmeraldas 193), 13,141 dengue cases (Manabí 5,279, Esmeraldas 1,242) and Chikungunya cases (Manabí 341, Esmeraldas 286) (MSP, se39). The Sector is implementing a zika virus prevention and control program focused on children and pregnant women. This project includes an educational vector borne disease program in schools and homes providing zika prevention kits for 2,440 pregnant women and 19,000 surrounding families, institutions and community base organizations. Towards recovery: The Sector will continue capacity strengthening with authorities through emergency response disaster plans and forming technical teams for emergency health and nutrition management. The Sector will strengthen the control and prevention of the spread of zika virus including community engagement. Furthermore, key activities include strengthening, promotion, prevention and recovery of the nutritional status of children s under five years, pregnant and breastfeeding women. - $ 4.5 M required $ 2.6 M received 59% funded 100,000 target 85,000 reached 85% achieved

12 Food Security Sector leader: Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Aquaculture a nd Fishery(MAGAP) and Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion (MIES) Sector co-leader: World Food Program (WFP) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the of the United Nations (FAO) Priorities Distribute food vouchers to affected vulnerable families in rural areas Ensure the availability and access to foods in earthquake affected areas. Strengthen coordination with other sectors in order to ensure that food vouchers produce no harm and are properly used. 40,950 kitchen kits delivered 140,280 persons benefited from food vouchers 151,500 persons benefited from the delivery of food kits Response achievements and current situation As part of the response, the Food Security Sector has thus far provided 291,780 people with food kits or food vouchers in cash. Food vouchers help reactivate the local economy promoting the purchase of food from small producers and fishermen in the area. Voucher recipients receive messages promoting a healthy nutritious diet. Additionally, 40,950 people were attended with kitchen kits. A key component for the Sector s achievements has been the close collaboration with State institutions that work in the emergency response. This has allowed to reach the affected population comprehensively complementing the government s reconstruction strategy. With the support of the Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion (MIES) it was possible to coordinate the delivery of food vouchers for the families affected by the earthquake. Towards recovery: The sector should be able to provide food security to the point at which affected populations recover their livelihoods 100% per cent. Therefore, constant monitoring of food and nutrition security are indispensable during the following months. After the end of the Sector response and its emergency activities, each partner will continue with their respective regular program activities. The sector suggests the establishment of a coordination strategy system and program to recovery and reconstruction, both from the State and International cooperation to provide support to the Food Security Sector. $ 16 M required $ 5 M received 31% funded 260,000 target 241,000 reached 93%achieved

13 Protection Sector leader: Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion (MIES) Sector co-leader: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) Child Protection sub-sector: United Nations Children s Fund (UNICEF) Gender Based Violence (GBV) sub-sector: UN Women and the United Nations Population Funds Unidas (UNFPA) Priorities Strengthen the local protection system and the protection community network through the participative construction of differentiated emergency protocols to: (i) identify, (ii) prevent and (iii) respond to different forms of violence and rights abuses with an emphasis in vulnerable groups living in government-run camps, spontaneous sites, host families and rural communities. Promote that the decision making process has a community engagement approach in line with the cultural identity of the affected population. In this way resilience and self-sufficiency will be promoted and their traditional livelihoods strengthened and there will be a more equal access to the State s recovery programs. Ensure support for affected persons living with host families, or those living in temporary shelters or in spontaneous sites to reduce protection risks. Moreover, ensure that when affected families return to their communities this transition happens in conditions of dignity, security and that is voluntary. 7,798 persons participated in an empowerment program 5,300 persons with identification documents 3,500 public servants trained in matters of protection Achievements of the response and current situation: The Protection Sector has delivered psychosocial support to the affected population since the first days of the emergency, prioritizing the most vulnerable groups such as children and adolescents and response teams. The Sector has been very present in government-run camps since their establishment. Its humanitarian partners have offered protection training to more than 3,500 government staff of the Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion (MIES), Ministry of Public Health (MSP), Risk Management Secretariat (SGR), Ministry of Education (MINEDUC), Police Department and Armed Forces. More humanitarian activities are needed in spontaneous sites and in rural areas such as training of community actors for a decrease in protection risks. Furthermore, the Sector has supported the State in the prevention, identification and care of victims from different types of violence. The protection role of government- run camp staff has been strengthened. However, it is necessary to increase coverage of rights restitution services in the affected areas. The State with the support of the Sector has identified an increase in protection risks due to living conditions such as overcrowding for a large part of the displaced population. Consequently, greater attention has been paid by authorities concerning the importance of responding to different types of violence in an emergency situation, especially violence against children. Additionally, the Sector has supported the creation and publication of a protection protocol for victims of gender based violence (GBV) government-run camps. By the end of September, with the Sector s support, more than 5,300 persons that had lost their IDs due to the earthquake had new documents. It is necessary to continue with the provision of identification documents with the Civil Registry especially for children and new born babies to decrease the risk of human trafficking among other violations. On the other hand, it is important to have effective information campaigns regarding the plans and time frameworks concerning the reconstruction and recovery programs in government-run camps and spontaneous sites. Finally, it is recommended to maintain the government-run camps and spontaneous sites until permanent solutions are allocated. Towards recovery: It is necessary to strengthen protection teams and services at a local level for the prevention and care of human rights violations and ensure an effective response from the actors belonging to the Human Rights Protection System and include the availability of sufficient resources. In the relocation of affected families towards permanent solutions it is necessary to continue with the identification of protection risks and a strategy to mitigate it. Furthermore, it is necessary to take into consideration the cultural values of the affected communities and the pre-existent protection mechanisms available in and outside of government-run camps. Finally, it is crucial tu maintain a differential approach in the State s response, according to the specific needs of vulnerable groups such as children, women, youth, LGBTI (lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transexuals, intersexuals), people with disabilities, foreigners, and refugees. MIES needs to pay special attention to the affected population living with host families and those returning to their communities. $ 3 M required $ 1.4 M received 47% funded 200,000 target 220,316 reached 100% achieved

14 Education Sector leader: Ministry of Education (MINEDUC) Sector co-leader: United Nations Children s Fund (UNICEF) Priorities Rehabilitate damaged school infrastructure to ensure that there are no more than 40 students per classroom, less than 30 girls per latrine and 60 boys per latrine and access to safe water. Equip schools with furniture and material for students and teachers under the emergency curriculum Increase the number of teachers to ensure that there are no more than 40 students per teacher. Continue and improve capacity building efforts for teachers concerning the emergency curriculum. Identify, register and include children that because of the earthquake they have been left outside the education system or might be in risk of exclusion due to the increasing school lagging Frente a la protección de 2,400 las personas children dentro de are part of the program to avoid los refugios los incidentes their exit of the educational system reportados corresponden en un 62% a hurto, 33% a violencia intrafamiliar seguido 15,000 por children un 5% de casos with de access violencia to 12 general. Temporary Education Spaces personas 2,000 teachers apoyado con cedulación trained in the emergency school a con curriculum el Registro Civil Towards recovery: Achievements of the response and current situation Around120,000 children had access limitations to the education system due to the earthquake. The Sector has worked closely with the MINEDUC in the response to the emergency. To ensure a prompt start of school, the MINEDUC has established 26 education provisional spaces with a capacity for 62,500 students. The Sector has supported these efforts by the implementation of 12 Temporary Spaces for Education and Protection and around 15,000 children have benefited from them during the first three months after the earthquake. The objective was to provide a safe space where children could receive psychosocial support, water and sanitation and information concerning risk prevention. In the same line, close to 1,000 teachers have been trained in psychosocial support. Moreover, the Sector worked in an adaptation of the school curriculum into one that better works for emergency situation and more than 2,000 teachers and authorities have been part of capacity building sessions concerning this new curriculum. To complement this activity, the Sector distributed early development and back to school kits to benefit 33,500 children older than five and 3,800 children younger than five. Also, MINEDUC delivered school material for 15,000 students. School officially started on 4 July and the start of school was progressive. It depended upon the establishment of provisional schools, the level of fear of students and parents and the availability of transportation among others. This situation caused some students to remain behind in their school, situation that is being handled with the emergency curriculum. In the areas with greater levels of vulnerability and school lagging a project has started benefiting 2,400 children to keep them in the education system. The project also allowed the hiring of 35 teachers. Additionally, the Sector started an in situ monitoring exercise concerning the fulfillment of the right to education for the affected population in 5 education districts. Even though, there have been achievements, there are still challenges to overcome. One of the challenges is to ensure the reconstruction and rehabilitation of rural schools so that equity and equality can be reached in terms of the right to education. The second challenge is to ensure that school infrastructure follows quality standards and basic WASH conditions and adequate student/classrooms ratio. The third challenge is to increase the access to educational and recreational material to work on the promotion of a culture of peace and violence reduction. The fourth challenge to overcome is the deficit of teachers due to relocation processes and retirements. Finally, the fifth challenge is to adapt the evaluation system for students under the emergency curriculum and the follow up required for the continuous implementation of it. The Sector is deploying Pedagogic Counselors to the areas affected by the earthquake to help in the implementation of the emergency curriculum. Also, the Sector continues with the support for the rehabilitation of 300 schools with infrastructure affected by the earthquake. To avoid exclusion of children from the education system, a flexible and adapted educational offer will continue to be implemented in order to help 3,000 children get back in track in 120 classrooms designed for this purpose. Finally, a strategy for the educational inclusion adapted to the emergency situation will continue. The MINEDUC with the support of the Sector s humanitarian partners will lead the identification, registry and inclusion of cases of children outside the education system and will follow up with them once they are included. $ 5.5 M required $ 1.5 M received 28% funded 1000 target 99,700 reached 83%achieved

15 Logistics Sector leader: Ministry Coordinator of Security (MICS) Sector co-leader: World Food Program (WFP) 2,706 m3 of storage used by organizations 5 air shipments of a total of 313 MT coordinated $ 600,000 transferred in the form of infrastructure and equipment Towards recovery Achievements of the response and current situation: The support from the Sector was focalized in Pedernales, Manta, Portoviejo and Quito cantons. Five air shipments were coordinated with a total of 313 metric tons of non-food items with other humanitarian actors: World Vision International (WV), Catholic Relief Services (CRS), AECID, WFP, UNHCR and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Panamá. In Pedernales, the Sector established a logistics hub with two units of mobile storage with a capacity of 880m2 and three pre-fabricated offices to enable operations and provide short-term working space for organizations. In Manta, the sector also established a logistics hub with two units of mobile storage of 640m2 total capacity and two pre-fabricated offices to enable operations and provide short-term working space for organizations. In Quito, the Sector established a logistics hub for humanitarian assistance (CELAH in Spanish) with 3,200m2 total storage capacity. Lack of funding to the sector preempted WFP s transition to cost recovery modalities as of 20 May. The main limitations have been linked to customs clearance processes of cargo in ports. The logistics sector has worked in the framework of the different customs procedures. However, there have been issues in the coordination between the organizations and local authorities. In some cases, this has resulted in the delay of cargo delivery. In an effort to improve this situation, the logistics sector has worked with Government authorities of the National Customs Service of Ecuador (SENAE). WFP transferred their emergency logistics infrastructure and equipment to the Government. This included six mobile storage units with a total capacity of 1,740m2 and five mobile offices. During the first three months, these helped storage 2,706 cubic meters of humanitarian supplies from 13 organizations. WFP contributed with the standard operative procedures and strengthened the national capacities in terms of reception, management and shipment of humanitarian cargo. The National Ministry of Defense and the Risk Management Secretariat will be using the transferred infrastructure and equipment. The infrastructure and equipment transferred to the Ecuadorean State has a value of $ 600,000. This donation will help strengthen Ecuador s Decentralized National System of Risk Management. $ 2 M required $ 0.6 M received 32% funded

16 Coordination Sector leader: Ministry Coordinator of Security (MICS) Sector co-leader: Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Priorities Maintain a good information flow between humanitarian partners through the 5W. This information tool has been accepted by the State to collect information. Ensure that the humanitarian coordination structure for the emergency transitions adequately towards the new recovery phase. Promote the articulation of partners that keep delivering humanitarian assistance according to the needs in the affected provinces. Promote intersectoral articulation according to the State s main themes such as unmet humanitarian needs, reconstruction and livelihood recovery Frente a la protección de 4 las intersectoral personas dentro de los groups refugios active los incidentes reportados (1 in Quito corresponden and 3 in the coast) en un 62% a hurto, 33% a violencia intrafamiliar seguido por un 5% de casos de violencia 12 Rounds general. of information collection about reponse personas activities (5W) published apoyado in con HDX. cedulación con el Registro Civil Achievements of the response and current situation: During the first 24 hours after the earthquake and in agreement with the Government, a United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination (UNDAC) team was deployed. Coordination hubs were established in Guayaquil, Portoviejo, Pedernales, Quito and Esmeraldas. Periodic intersectoral coordination meetings were held at the national and local levels. At a national level, the Humanitarian Country Team with nine Sectors and under the leadership of the Humanitarian Coordinator was activated. The Humanitarian Coordinator and national authorities from ministries in charge of the response and recovery initiatives and have regular meetings. Additionally, there has been a frequent exchange of information with donors and diplomatic actors in the country. Humanitarian partners were integrated in the Emergency Operation Committees in Quito and Pedernales cantons and in Manabi and Esmeraldas provinces. An important accomplishment has been the regular production of information management tools such as the 5W, info-graphics, maps, situation reports and humanitarian bulletins that have informed about the evolution of humanitarian needs and the response of the international cooperation and the national government. Towards recovery Even though the sectoral coordination at a national level has been strong, the implementation of this system at a local level has had its challenges. Some Sectors had the capacity to keep staff present and dedicated to coordination and there was a good information flow and dialogue. This space was led by the Humanitarian Coordinator with the support of OCHA. The complexity of the Government s response structure and the irregular meetings of the Technical Working Tables as well as a lack of clarity and details concerning national policies and strategies to deliver humanitarian assistance limited the planning capacity and implementation of several humanitarian activities. The Humanitarian Country Team has decided to keep a space of analysis and monitoring of unmet humanitarian needs. Also it has developed a coordination mechanism to deal with recovery themes in broad terms. This space will include development actors and the attention will be focused on: infrastructure and housing reconstruction, livelihood recovery and strengthening of the social fabric and productive structures in the affected territory. The Humanitarian Coordinator will lead this initiative with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). $ 0.75 M required $ 0.17 M received 23% funded

17 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE OCHA/López2016 Thousands of people will continue to depend of humanitarian assistance until permanent solutions are implemented. Even though the response has had achievements and there are signs of recovery in the living conditions of the affected people, the need for more response activities is ongoing. The implementation of differentiated solutions, taking into consideration the specific needs of vulnerable and prioritized groups (children, the elderly, persons with disabilities, foreigners, lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transsexuals and intersex, among others) and their cultural values and traditional livelihoods. Response activities should have a balance between provinces and in urban and rural areas. Through the response and recovery activities humanitarian partners have reached a large area of the affected territories. However, the rural communities have received comparatively less aid, and the Esmeraldas province has received less assistance than Manabí province. Considering that there are many affected persons without housing and living outside of government-run camps, it is important to define a clear policy for delivering humanitarian aid in spontaneous sites. Moreover, durable solutions are needed for affected persons regardless if they are included in the Sole Registry of Affected Persons (RUD) or not. The RUD has produced a database of affected families. However, it is not a census of affected families. The registry should be more inclusive by extending the deadline for inscription and ensuring more coverage by reaching affected remote rural areas. An identification document (cédula) has been a requirement to register in the RUD and gain access to the State s grants and other response programs. However, this is a limitation as many people lost their documents during the earthquake and others did not have them before the earthquake. Mechanisms need to be created to ensure that nationals, refugees and other migrants are included in government programs. Overcrowding and forced cohabitation exacerbate problems of violence that have a history in the area. The emergency has displaced thousands of people who are living in government run camps, spontaneous sites or host families. As time passes, harmonious and relationships between displaced persons and with camp managers have started to deteriorate. The protection system needs to be strengthened to prevent and care for cases of violence. Community structures need to be strengthened to promote resilience, self-sufficiency and emotional stability. The participation and engagement of the population are essential to ensure empowering conditions and the development of community and family activities. The recovery does not only entail the reconstruction of infrastructure but also the reconstruction of social fabric and networks of safe, productive and resilient communities. There is a gap in the coverage of water and sanitation in rural areas and outside government-run camps. Only part of the affected population has been receiving safe water on a regular basis and basic sanitation. The inadequate management of solid waste and grey water represents a threat for people s health.