Our Changing City: Cultural and linguistic diversity in Greater Western Sydney

Transcription

1 Our Changing City: Cultural and linguistic diversity in Greater Western Sydney Written by Dr Olivia Hamilton Acknowledgment of Country / Statement of Commitment We respectfully acknowledge the traditional custodians of the land on which Western Sydney covers, the Dharug people of the Dharug Nation, and pay our respects to Elders past and present. We acknowledge that Dharug people were the first people of the Western Sydney area and have strived to retain their culture, identity and special connection with country for more than two centuries of non-aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander settlement. We recognise the valuable contribution made by Dharug people to the local community in working towards a future of mutual harmony and respect. 1 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

2 Contents INTRODUCTION... 4 REGIONS... 5 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS... 6 Country of Birth... 7 Year of Arrival... 7 Ancestry... 8 Citizenship... 8 Language spoken at home and English proficiency... 9 Further information CHARTS Chart 1: Birthplace of person: GWS, ROS, GSA, FACS SWS, FACS WS, NSW Chart 2: Birthplace of person: GWS LGAs Chart 3: Year of Arrival of persons born overseas, GWS LGAs, 2016 Census Chart 4: Australian ancestry by COB of Parents, GSA, GWS, ROS, RONSW, FACS SWS, FACS WS, Censuses Chart 5: Australian ancestry by COB of Parents, GWS, Censuses Chart 6: English Proficiency, GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW TABLES Table 1: Top ten countries of birth: GWS, ROS, GSA, FACS SWS, FACS WS, NSW Table 2: Top five countries of birth other than Australia: GWS LGAs Table 3: Number of persons arriving per year, GWS LGAs Table 4: Top ten ancestries, GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW Table 5: Ancestry (multi-response), GWS LGAs Table 6: Ancestry (multi-response), GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW Table 7: Australian citizenship: GWS LGAs, ROS, GSA, FACS SWS, FACS WS, NSW Table 8: Australian citizenship by COB of person, GWS LGAs Table 9: Australian citizenship by COB of person, GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW.. 25 Table 10: Top 25 COBs where people are most likely to take out Australian citizenship Table 11: Top 25 COBs where people are least likely to take out Australian citizenship Table 12: Language Spoken at Home, GWS Table 13: Language Spoken at Home, ROS Table 14: Language Spoken at Home, GSA Table 15: Language Spoken at Home, FACS SWS Table 16: Language Spoken at Home, FACS WS P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

3 Table 17: Language Spoken at Home, NSW Table 18: Top 10 Languages Spoken at Home, GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW Table 19: English Proficiency, GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW as % of population MAPS Map 1: Distribution of India-born population in Sydney, Map 3: Distribution of Vietnam-born population in Sydney, Map 4: Distribution of Philippines-born population in Sydney, Map 5: Distribution of Lebanon-born population in Sydney, Map 6: Place of usual residence, migrants who arrived 1/1/ /12/ Map 7: Place of usual residence, migrants who arrived 1/1/2016 9/8/ Map 8: Speaks Language Other than English at Home P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

4 INTRODUCTION This paper focuses on the cultural and linguistic diversity of Greater Western Sydney. Multiple Census questions need to be examined in order to build up a picture of the cultural and linguistic diversity of an area. Question 7 will show the person s Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander status; question 8 will tell us if the person is visiting Australia temporarily; and questions 11 through to 19 will provide information on the person s citizenship status, country of birth, year of arrival in Australia, ancestry, language spoken, and religion. Question 23 may also be useful as it could reveal whether or not a person requires assistance with communicating due to difficulty with the English language. 1 The 2016 Census reveals a number of interesting changes to the cultural and linguistic diversity of Greater Western Sydney [GWS]. Migration from India, Vietnam, China, and the Philippines has continued, while migration from European countries seems to have declined. European communities are still present in significant percentages, but are more likely to be second or third generation Australian. This affects the languages other than English that are most likely to be spoken at home, with research from Macquarie University 2 showing that those languages most likely to be retained across the generations are Arabic, Chinese, Vietnamese, and Greek, while other European languages especially are likely to be lost within a generation following migration. As expected, when looking at cultural and linguistic diversity, there are variations across the GWS LGAs. Areas like Blue Mountains, Hawkesbury, and Wollondilly show less cultural diversity than LGAs like Blacktown, Fairfield, Liverpool or Parramatta, for example. Additionally, we can see some differences between the LGAs that make up GWS, and between GWS and the rest of Sydney [ROS], the Greater Sydney Area [GSA], and NSW. Cultural diversity is not limited to GWS: some LGAs such as City of Sydney, Ryde, and Willoughby (amongst others) also show high cultural diversity. For example, we can see that in these LGAs, a high percentage of the population was born overseas, with China the most common country of birth other than Australia (City of Sydney: 39.4% born in Australia, 9.7% born in China; Ryde: 48.5% born in Australia, 12.5% born in China; Willoughby: 49.4% born in Australia, 10.6% born in China). The Indigenous population of Sydney is concentrated in GWS, in Blacktown, Camden, Campbelltown, Penrith, and Wollondilly, with concentrations also in the Central Coast, City of Sydney, and Randwick. The much-reported rise in people who do not identify with any religious belief is not as significant in GWS as it was in the rest of Sydney, with only 17.6% of people in GWS saying they had no religion, compared to 31% for ROS, 24.6% for GSA, and 25% for NSW. Indigenous populations and religious diversity in GWS will both be explored further in separate topic papers. 3 1 A sample of the 2016 Census questionnaire can be viewed at ple%20household%20form.pdf. 2 See for information on the current projects and forthcoming book of the multilingual Sydney research group. 3 Available for download at 4 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

5 This paper presents an analysis of the CALD data, including an overview of Greater Western Sydney compared to the Rest of Sydney and the Greater Sydney region. 4 Further details are also discussed for each LGA in GWS. The discussion is organised under the following headings: 1. Country of Birth 2. Year of Arrival 3. Ancestry 4. Citizenship 5. Language spoken at home and English proficiency Where relevant, the numbers and percentages of people who did not answer a question have been included. Some questions on cultural diversity, and some geographical regions, may have nonresponse rates of over 10%. In other instances, e.g. ancestry, although the non-response rate is relatively low, it is still the second or third highest group of responses. REGIONS GWS is made up of the following 13 local government areas (LGAs): Blacktown Blue Mountains Camden Campbelltown Canterbury Bankstown Cumberland Fairfield Hawkesbury Liverpool Parramatta Penrith The Hills Shire Wollondilly This paper also covers two additional LGAs, Lithgow and Wingecarribee, which are not included in GWS totals but are included in the paper because they complete the FACS Western Sydney (FACS WS) and South West Sydney (FACS SWS) districts. GWS is compared with data for GSA, ROS, FACS WS, FACS SWS and New South Wales (NSW): GSA and NSW are compiled from ABS boundaries. Rest of Sydney is calculated by subtracting the totals of Greater Sydney with the totals of GWS. FACS Western Sydney (FACS WS) is made up of Blacktown, Blue Mountains, Cumberland, Hawkesbury, Lithgow, Parramatta, Penrith and The Hills Shire LGAs. 4 For a discussion of CALD data at the national level, see the ABS article, Cultural Diversity in Australia, 2016 (28/6/17), 20Diversity%20Article~20 5 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

6 FACS South Western Sydney (FACS SWS) is made up of Camden, Campbelltown, Canterbury Bankstown, Fairfield, Liverpool, Wingecarribee and Wollondilly LGAs. All data presented is based on place of usual residence, unless otherwise stated. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ABS CALD COB FACS SWS FACS WS GSA GWS LGA LOTE ROS Australian Bureau of Statistics Culturally and linguistically diverse Country of Birth FACS South West Sydney district FACS Western Sydney district Greater Sydney Area Greater Western Sydney Local Government Area Language other than English (spoken at home) Rest of Sydney 6 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

7 Country of Birth The diversity of GWS can be seen in the higher percentage of people who were born elsewhere, and by association the lower percentage born in Australia, compared to RS and GSA. As might be expected, the capital city shows more diversity in country of birth compared to NSW as a whole. The diversity within the region of GWS is further highlighted by the fact that there are some LGAs where more than 50% of the population were born elsewhere, while other LGAs show that about 80% of the population was born in Australia (see Charts 1 and 2 on page 11 for more detail). The top five countries of birth other than Australia for the GWS population in 2016 were India (3.92%); China (3.44%); Vietnam (2.86%); Philippines (2.23%); and Lebanon (1.94%). Persons born in Australia still made up the majority of the GWS population (55.49%). This contrasted with ROS, GSA and NSW, where a higher proportion of the population was born in Australia (ROS: Australia 58.48%; GSA: Australia 57.05%; NSW: Australia 65.49%). The top five countries of birth other than Australia were, respectively: ROS (China 5.77%; England 4.34%; New Zealand 1.91%; India 1.6%; Korea 1.12%), GSA (China 4.66%; England 3.14%; India 2.71%; New Zealand 1.79%; Vietnam 1.68%), and NSW (China 3.14%; England 3.03%; India 1.92%; New Zealand 1.57%; Philippines 1.16%). For further details, see Tables 1 and 2 (pages 16, 17). The maps produced show the concentrations, as a percentage of the population, of people born in the GWS top 5 countries of birth other than Australia (excluding non-responses). From these maps, we can see that there is a spread of people from these countries across the city, with concentrations in some areas. The Indian-born population of Sydney, for example, is concentrated around Harris Park and other parts of Parramatta LGA, while the Vietnamese-born population is mostly concentrated in Fairfield LGA, with another concentration in Canterbury-Bankstown. See Maps 1-5, (pages 36-40). Year of Arrival In GWS, LGAs like Blue Mountains, Hawkesbury, The Hills Shire, and Wollondilly have an overseasborn population that has been resident in Australia for a longer period of time than the overseasborn population in areas like Blacktown, Canterbury-Bankstown, Fairfield and Parramatta. Chart 3 on page 12 shows the percentage of the overseas-born population by year of arrival, for each of the thirteen GWS LGAs. We can also see concentrations of newer arrivals on maps 6 and 7, pages 41-42, which map the areas where newer arrivals tend to live. Map 6 shows where those who arrived between 2011 and 2015 were living on Census night, while map 7 shows where those who arrived between 1 January and 9 August 2016 were living. Although Blacktown LGA had the highest overall number of people born overseas, Parramatta and Cumberland LGAs saw the highest numbers of newest arrivals, with that trend looking to continue based on the number of new arrivals in the first half of P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

8 Ancestry The responses to the question on ancestry reveal a greater concentration of people with ancestries other than English (20.4%) or Australian (14.9%) in GWS, compared to the figures for ROS (English: 29.5%; Australian: 16.1%) and NSW (English: 30.6%; Australian: 20.3%). The top ancestry in GWS, ROS, and GSA was English, followed by Australian and Chinese. However, for GWS, the fourth top ancestry was Indian, followed by Lebanese and Vietnamese, compared to Irish, Italian and Scottish for ROS and Irish, Indian and Italian for GSA. See Table 4 on page 19 for more detail. Table 5 (page 20) similarly reveals varied ancestry responses across the GWS LGAs, with the Blue Mountains, Camden, Hawkesbury, Penrith and Wollondilly showing much higher percentages of people claiming Australian and/or English ancestry than in Canterbury-Bankstown, Cumberland, Fairfield, Liverpool or Parramatta. Since this table was created using the Ancestry Multi-Response data, we can also see the percentage of people in each LGA claiming to have more than one ancestry. Perhaps counter-intuitively, those LGAs with the highest percentage of people claiming more than one ancestry are also those where more people had claimed Australian and/or English ancestry. One possible explanation is that people born overseas in these areas were more likely to have arrived prior to the 1980s (see Chart 3 on page 12), leading to more opportunities for the formation of families with multiple ancestries than has so far been possible for newer migrant groups. Another possibility is that Anglo-Australians may be including a second ancestry response if they know which part of the UK their family originally came from, e.g. saying they are both Australian and English. However, further research would need to be done to fully understand this aspect of the ancestry data. Responses to the question on ancestry can also reveal interesting aspects of how people identify (see charts 4 and 5 on pages 13 and 14). Of those who were born in Australia but had one or both parents born overseas, a higher percentage is now responding with Australian as their ancestry than in the 2006 or 2011 Censuses. This indicates that there has been an increase in identification with Australia amongst the descendants of migrants. However, when looking further into the detail of this data, we can see some differences emerging. We note, for example, that there are more people claiming Australian ancestry with both parents born overseas in GWS, compared to ROS. We also note that those whose mother only was born overseas are less likely to identify as having Australian ancestry than those whose father only was born overseas. This suggests that, for children of migrants in Australia, there may be a stronger affiliation with the mother s ancestry than with the father s. Further analysis would be required to understand exactly what is going on here. Citizenship Most residents of GSA (79.5%) have Australian citizenship, with the percentage varying across LGAs. Interestingly, and perhaps contrary to the perception of GWS as an area with a high migrant population, a higher percentage of GWS residents had Australian citizenship than those in ROS (81% compared to 78.1%). See table 7 on page 23 for further information. These differences between GWS and ROS indicate that the percentage totals have been influenced by LGAs like Sydney City, in which only 55.9% of residents are Australian citizens. This may be explained by population mobility, and the likelihood that Sydney City residents have arrived in the country more recently, however data on population mobility is not released until October, so comparisons across the city cannot yet be made. 8 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

9 We can see some trends emerging when we look at citizenship data cross-tabbed with country of birth of person. Of those born in Australia, the majority hold Australian citizenship. Of those born elsewhere, a significant proportion across all LGAs in GWS do not hold Australian citizenship (see Tables 8 and 9 on pages 24 and 25 for more detail). Interestingly, residents who were born in countries like Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Timor-Leste, El Salvador and Greece are far more likely to take out Australian citizenship than those born in Mongolia, Japan, Niue, Tokelau or Nepal (see Tables 10 and 11, pages 26-27). This may reflect the different citizenship laws of people s COBs, e.g. whether they can hold dual citizenship; their intention to return to their COB in the future; or the ease with which people can obtain a visa to remain in Australia, e.g. visa pathways to residency and citizenship, or the historical residency agreement with New Zealand. Language spoken at home and English proficiency When looking at the language spoken at home, we can see that the proportion of people who speak a language other than English has increased since the 2006 Census. In GWS, in 2016, only 51% of the population spoke only English at home, compared to 65.2% in ROS, 58.4% in GSA, or 68.6% of the NSW population. See Tables 12-17, on pages 28-33, for more detail of the changes from 2006 to Looking at the most common languages spoken at home, there were differences between GWS, ROS, GSA and NSW. 6.8% of the GWS population spoke Arabic at home compared to 1.3% of the rest of Sydney. The third most spoken language in GWS, Vietnamese, spoken by 3.6% of the population, did not make the top ten for the rest of Sydney. The fourth most spoken language in GWS, Mandarin, was spoken by 3.4% of the population, compared to 6% of the population of the rest of Sydney. See Table 18, page 34. In Map 8 (page 43), we can see the distribution across Sydney of those who speak a language other than English at home, as a percentage of the population. Some areas in Sydney have high percentages of people who speak other languages, some up to 100%. While there is an obvious concentration across GWS, there are also hotspots of other language speakers in southern and northern Sydney. Census data on language proficiency shows that residents of GWS are more likely to be fluent in more than one language than residents of ROS, just as residents of GSA are more likely to speak more than one language than residents of NSW as a whole. The majority of those who speak a language other than English rate themselves as being able to speak English either Very Well or Well. Only 2.1% of GWS residents, 1.1% of ROS residents, 1.5% of GSA residents, and 1.1% of NSW residents say that they speak another language and do not speak English at all (see Table 19, page 35). Chart 6, page 15, also shows English proficiency in GWS, ROS, GSA and NSW. 9 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

10 Further information There is much more that could be discussed regarding the cultural and linguistic diversity of GWS. For example, year of arrival by country of birth data may reveal changing migration patterns, as it would show the countries of birth of newer migrants compared to those who arrived in the post- World War II migration boom. Year of arrival data could also be combined with data on the language spoken at home and English proficiency, to better understand whether English proficiency increases the longer someone has lived in Australia. It would also be interesting to examine the language spoken at home and ancestry, to see whether languages are being maintained across the generations. This paper has only presented information on the top countries of birth, ancestries, and languages spoken, and has not presented information on those with smaller populations, which would include many of the countries from which refugees are arriving. Since those on humanitarian visas are likely to require more services than those who arrive here on independent work visas, community organisations working in GWS may be interested in learning more about these populations. If any readers are interested in learning more about cultural and linguistic diversity in GWS, they are invited to contact researchers at WESTIR Ltd with a specific request. 10 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

11 CHARTS Chart 1: Birthplace of person: GWS, ROS, GSA, FACS SWS, FACS WS, NSW Chart 2: Birthplace of person: GWS LGAs Commonwealth of Australia, P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

12 Chart 3: Year of Arrival of persons born overseas, GWS LGAs, 2016 Census Australian Bureau of Statistics 12 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

13 Chart 4: Australian ancestry by COB of Parents, GSA, GWS, ROS, RONSW, FACS SWS, FACS WS, Censuses Australian Bureau of Statistics 13 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

14 Chart 5: Australian ancestry by COB of Parents, GWS, Censuses Australian Bureau of Statistics 14 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

15 Chart 6: English Proficiency, GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW Australian Bureau of Statistics 15 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

16 GWS % GWS Rank GWS TABLES Table 1: Top ten countries of birth: GWS, ROS, GSA, FACS SWS, FACS WS, NSW ROS % ROS Rank ROS GSA % GSA Rank GSA Australia % % % % % % 1 India % % % % % % 4 China % % 2 (excludes SARs and Taiwan) % % % % Vietnam % % % % % % 7 Philippines % % % % % % 6 Lebanon % % % % % % 8 England % % % % % % 3 New % % % % % % 5 Iraq % % % % % % 13 Fiji % % % % % % 14 Korea, % % 9 Republic of (South) % % % % Pakistan % % % % % % 24 Sri Lanka % % % % % % 21 Italy % % % % % % 10 Bangladesh % % % % % % 25 Hong Kong % % 12 (SAR of China) % % % % Nepal % % % % % % 15 Greece % % % % % % 20 Indonesia % % % % % % 16 Malaysia % % % % % % 17 South % % % % % % 11 Not stated % % % % % % Total % % % % % % FACS SWS % FACS SWS Rank FACS SWS FACS WS % FACS WS Rank FACS WS NSW % NSW Rank NSW Commonwealth of Australia, P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

17 Table 2: Top five countries of birth other than Australia: GWS LGAs % Born in % COB Not COB #2 % COB #3 % COB #4 % COB #5 % COB #6 % Australia Stated Blacktown 54.05% India 7.64% Philippines 6.50% New Zealand 2.39% Fiji 2.10% England 1.57% 5.50% Blue Mountains 78.06% England 5.71% New Zealand 1.46% Germany 0.73% Scotland 0.70% United States of America 0.58% 5.09% Camden 77.39% England 3.14% New Zealand 1.37% India 0.86% Philippines 0.70% Fiji 0.68% 5.01% Campbelltown 61.98% India 2.95% New Zealand 2.71% Philippines 2.62% England 2.49% Bangladesh 2.14% 6.61% Canterbury-Bankstown 49.57% Lebanon 5.72% Vietnam 5.51% China 5.44% Bangladesh 2.04% Greece 2.03% 6.34% Cumberland 41.68% India 6.62% China 6.54% Lebanon 4.90% Afghanistan 2.84% Nepal 2.28% 6.08% Fairfield 40.63% Vietnam 15.49% Iraq 9.43% Cambodia 3.71% China 2.04% Italy 1.75% 5.48% Hawkesbury 81.35% England 3.64% New Zealand 1.29% Malta 0.73% Germany 0.46% Philippines 0.39% 6.36% Lithgow 79.57% England 2.58% New Zealand 0.98% Scotland 0.49% Philippines 0.43% Germany 0.37% 11.12% Liverpool 51.65% Iraq 4.84% Vietnam 3.26% Fiji 3.20% India 2.57% Lebanon 2.04% 7.55% Parramatta 44.68% India 10.63% China 10.28% Korea, Republic of 3.93% Hong Kong 2.20% Philippines 1.61% 5.70% Penrith 72.36% England 3.12% New Zealand 1.97% Philippines 1.94% India 1.92% Malta 0.65% 6.01% The Hills Shire 61.67% China 5.13% India 3.63% England 3.31% Korea, Republic of 1.56% South Africa 1.56% 3.19% Wingecarribee 77.07% England 5.59% New Zealand 1.49% Scotland 0.69% Germany 0.57% South Africa 0.48% 7.04% Wollondilly 82.03% England 3.81% New Zealand 0.98% Scotland 0.50% Italy 0.43% Germany 0.38% 6.16% Commonwealth of Australia, P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

18 Table 3: Number of persons arriving per year, GWS LGAs Arrived Arrived Arrived Arrived Arrived Arrived Blacktown Blue Mountains Camden Campbelltown Canterbury-Bankstown Cumberland Fairfield Hawkesbury Lithgow Liverpool Parramatta Penrith The Hills Shire Wingecarribee Wollondilly Arrived Arrived Arrived 1 Jan August 2016 Not stated Not applicable Total Blacktown Blue Mountains Camden Campbelltown Canterbury-Bankstown Cumberland Fairfield Hawkesbury Lithgow Liverpool Parramatta Penrith The Hills Shire Wingecarribee Wollondilly Australian Bureau of Statistics 18 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

19 Table 4: Top ten ancestries, GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW Greater Western FACS South GWS % Sydney Western Sydney FACS SWS % English 470, % English 195, % Australian 344, % Australian 150, % Chinese 183, % Chinese 78, % Indian 122, % Vietnamese 67, % Lebanese 103, % Lebanese 63, % Vietnamese 74, % Italian 44, % Italian 73, % Indian 30, % Irish 72, % Irish 29, % Filipino 59, % Greek 26, % Scottish 49, % Scottish 21, % Not Stated 140, % Not stated 68, % Total 2,307, % Total 1,081, % Rest of Sydney ROS % FACS Western Sydney FACS WS % English 742, % English 304, % Australian 406, % Australian 211, % Chinese 277, % Chinese 105, % Irish 143, % Indian 92, % Italian 89, % Irish 47, % Scottish 84, % Filipino 42, % Greek 55, % Lebanese 40, % Indian 51, % Scottish 32, % German 35, % Italian 29, % Korean 32, % Korean 22, % Not Stated 164, % Not stated 77, % Total 2,516, % Total 1,295, % Greater Sydney Area GSA % New South Wales NSW % English 1,212, % English 2,290, % Australian 750, % Australian 1,520, % Chinese 461, % Chinese 483, % Irish 216, % Irish 381, % Indian 174, % Scottish 255, % Italian 163, % Italian 209, % Scottish 133, % Indian 189, % Lebanese 131, % Lebanese 135, % Greek 92, % German 107, % Vietnamese 90, % Greek 100, % Not Stated 304, % Not stated 510, % Total 4,823, % Total 7,480, % Australian Bureau of Statistics NB: Created using Ancestry 1 st Response data 19 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

20 Table 5: Ancestry (multi-response), GWS LGAs Blacktow n % Blue Canterbury- % Camden % Campbelltow n % Mountains Bankstow n % Cumberland % Fairfield % Haw kesbury % Australian 76, % 29, % 29, % 44, % 49, % 25, % 18, % 27, % Australian Aboriginal 1, % % % % % % % % Chinese 13, % 1, % 1, % 4, % 39, % 27, % 26, % % Croatian 2, % % % 1, % 1, % 2, % 3, % % Dutch 2, % 1, % % 1, % % % % 1, % English 69, % 34, % 27, % 42, % 42, % 22, % 16, % 26, % Filipino 29, % % % 5, % 5, % 5, % 3, % % French 1, % % % % 1, % % % % German 7, % 3, % 2, % 4, % 4, % 1, % 1, % 2, % Greek 3, % % 1, % 1, % 22, % 2, % 1, % % Hungarian 1, % % % % % % % % Indian 38, % % 1, % 8, % 8, % 18, % 2, % % Irish 19, % 12, % 7, % 12, % 13, % 6, % 3, % 7, % Italian 8, % 1, % 5, % 4, % 14, % 5, % 11, % 2, % Korean 2, % % % % 4, % 5, % % % Lebanese 5, % % 1, % 3, % 52, % 28, % 6, % % Macedonian % % % % 4, % % 1, % % Maltese 8, % % 2, % 1, % 1, % 3, % 2, % 3, % Maori 3, % % % 1, % 1, % 1, % % % New Zealander 2, % % % 1, % 1, % % % % Polish 2, % % % 1, % 1, % % 1, % % Russian 1, % % % % % % 1, % % Scottish 14, % 9, % 6, % 9, % 9, % 4, % 2, % 6, % Serbian 1, % % % % % % 3, % % South African 1, % % % % % % % % Spanish 3, % % % 1, % 2, % 1, % 3, % % Sri Lankan(d) 3, % % % % % 2, % % % Turkish 2, % % % % 1, % 7, % 1, % % Vietnamese 1, % % % 1, % 25, % 4, % 39, % % Welsh % % % % % % % % Other 73, % 5, % 8, % 34, % 76, % 57, % 64, % 3, % Ancestry not stated 19, % 3, % 3, % 10, % 22, % 13, % 10, % 3, % # Persons with 2 68, % 31, % 25, % 37, % 45, % 21, % 21, % 21, % ancestries Total persons 336, % 76, % 78, % 157, % 346, % 216, % 198, % 64, % 20 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

21 Table 5 continued: Ancestry (multi-response), GWS LGAs Lithgow % Liverpool % Parramatta % Penrith % The Hills Shire % Wingecarribee % Wollondilly % Australian 9, % 33, % 36, % 70, % 39, % 18, % 22, % Australian Aboriginal % % % 1, % % % % Chinese % 10, % 45, % 3, % 19, % % % Croatian % 2, % 1, % 2, % 1, % % % Dutch % % 1, % 2, % 2, % % % English 8, % 28, % 37, % 65, % 42, % 21, % 18, % Filipino % 5, % 4, % 5, % 3, % % % French % % % % % % % German % 3, % 3, % 6, % 4, % 1, % 1, % Greek % 4, % 2, % 2, % 2, % % % Hungarian % % % % % % % Indian % 13, % 27, % 5, % 9, % % % Irish 2, % 7, % 13, % 19, % 13, % 6, % 5, % Italian % 13, % 5, % 7, % 7, % 1, % 2, % Korean 9 0.0% % 11, % % 3, % % % Lebanese % 12, % 8, % 2, % 3, % % % Macedonian % 2, % % % % % % Maltese % 3, % 1, % 7, % 2, % % 1, % Maori % 1, % % 1, % % % % New Zealander % % 1, % 1, % 1, % % % Polish % 1, % 1, % 1, % 1, % % % Russian % % 1, % % % % % Scottish 2, % 5, % 9, % 14, % 10, % 6, % 4, % Serbian % 5, % % % % % % South African % % % % 1, % % % Spanish % 2, % 1, % 1, % 1, % % % Sri Lankan(d) % % 2, % % 2, % % % Turkish % 1, % 1, % % % % % Vietnamese % 10, % 1, % % % % % Welsh % % % 1, % % % % Other % 56, % 33, % 22, % 20, % 2, % 2, % Ancestry not stated 2, % 15, % 15, % 12, % 5, % 3, % 2, % # Persons with 2 4, % 29, % 33, % 56, % 43, % 15, % 15, % ancestries Total persons 21, % 204, % 226, % 196, % 157, % 47, % 48, % Australian Bureau of Statistics 21 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

22 Table 6: Ancestry (multi-response), GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW GWS Total % ROS % FACS SWS % FACS WS % GSA % Rest of NSW % NSW Total % Australian 502, % 631, % 215, % 314, % 1,133, % 1,123, % 2,257, % Australian Aboriginal 6, % 4, % 2, % 3, % 10, % 19, % 30, % Chinese 195, % 292, % 84, % 111, % 487, % 26, % 514, % Croatian 20, % 16, % 10, % 10, % 37, % 7, % 45, % Dutch 17, % 27, % 5, % 12, % 44, % 33, % 78, % English 473, % 746, % 196, % 306, % 1,220, % 1,078, % 2,299, % Filipino 70, % 31, % 21, % 49, % 102, % 14, % 117, % French 8, % 22, % 4, % 5, % 31, % 12, % 44, % German 47, % 75, % 19, % 30, % 122, % 112, % 235, % Greek 46, % 71, % 32, % 14, % 117, % 15, % 132, % Hungarian 6, % 12, % 2, % 4, % 18, % 5, % 24, % Indian 134, % 59, % 34, % 100, % 194, % 17, % 211, % Irish 141, % 275, % 56, % 93, % 416, % 323, % 740, % Italian 90, % 113, % 52, % 39, % 204, % 67, % 271, % Korean 28, % 35, % 5, % 23, % 63, % 2, % 66, % Lebanese 124, % 36, % 75, % 48, % 160, % 6, % 166, % Macedonian 11, % 14, % 9, % 1, % 25, % 13, % 39, % Maltese 40, % 16, % 13, % 27, % 57, % 12, % 69, % Maori 14, % 10, % 6, % 8, % 24, % 8, % 33, % New Zealander 13, % 24, % 5, % 8, % 38, % 16, % 54, % Polish 16, % 21, % 7, % 9, % 37, % 14, % 52, % Russian 8, % 18, % 3, % 4, % 26, % 5, % 31, % Scottish 108, % 199, % 44, % 72, % 307, % 278, % 586, % Serbian 15, % 8, % 11, % 3, % 24, % 4, % 28, % South African 7, % 19, % 2, % 5, % 27, % 6, % 33, % Spanish 19, % 19, % 10, % 9, % 39, % 9, % 48, % Sri Lankan(d) 14, % 9, % 2, % 12, % 23, % 2, % 26, % Turkish 18, % 6, % 5, % 12, % 25, % 2, % 27, % Vietnamese 86, % 19, % 77, % 8, % 105, % 4, % 109, % Welsh 7, % 16, % 2, % 5, % 24, % 18, % 42, % Other 459, % 321, % 246, % 217, % 780, % 126, % 907, % Ancestry not stated 140, % 164, % 68, % 77, % 304, % 202, % 507, % # Persons with 2 451, % 824, % 191, % 280, % 1,416, % 749, % 2,165, % ancestries Total persons * 2,307, % 2,516, % 1,081, % 1,295, % 4,823, % 2,643, % 7,467, % Australian Bureau of Statistics 22 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

23 Table 7: Australian citizenship: GWS LGAs, ROS, GSA, FACS SWS, FACS WS, NSW % Not % Not Australian Australian Australian Australian Not stated % Not Total Stated Blacktown % % % Blue Mountains % % % Camden % % % Campbelltown % % % Canterbury- Bankstown % % % Cumberland % % % Fairfield % % % Hawkesbury % % % Lithgow % % % Liverpool % % % Parramatta % % % Penrith % % % The Hills Shire % % % Wingecarribee % % % Wollondilly % % % GWS Total % % % Rest of Sydney % % % Greater Sydney Area % % % FACS SWS % % % FACS WS % % % NSW Total % % % Australian Bureau of Statistics 23 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

24 Table 8: Australian citizenship by COB of person, GWS LGAs Born in Australia (includes External Territories) % of persons born in Australia Born elsewhere % of persons born elsewhere Birthplace not stated % of persons with birthplace not stated Total Blacktown Blue Mountains Camden Campbelltown Canterbury-Bankstown Cumberland Fairfield Hawkesbury Lithgow Liverpool Parramatta Penrith The Hills Shire Wingecarribee Wollondilly Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % 3655 Not stated % % % 3959 Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % 4052 Not stated % % % 4047 Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % 9940 Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % 2558 Not stated % % % 4079 Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % 8 0.3% 634 Not stated % % % 2445 Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % 5731 Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % 2388 Not stated % % % 3152 Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % 1763 Not stated % % % 2559 Total % % % Australian Bureau of Statistics 24 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

25 Table 9: Australian citizenship by COB of person, GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW Born in Australia (includes External Territories) % of persons born in Australia Born elsewhere % of persons born elsewhere Birthplace not stated % of persons with birthplace not stated Total GWS Total Rest of Sydney FACS SWS FACS WS Greater Sydney Area NSW Total Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian % % % Not Australian % % % Not stated % % % Total % % % Australian Bureau of Statistics 25 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

26 Notes: Table 10: Top 25 COBs where people are most likely to take out Australian citizenship % Australian (GWS) % Australian (ROS) % Australian (GSA) Bosnia and Herzegovina 95.0% 92.9% 94.4% Croatia 94.9% 93.4% 94.3% Timor-Leste 93.8% 95.7% 94.2% El Salvador 93.9% 92.4% 93.6% Greece 93.4% 93.6% 93.5% Cyprus 92.7% 93.4% 93.0% The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 92.3% 92.3% 92.3% Uruguay 92.5% 91.4% 92.1% Serbia 92.8% 89.9% 91.8% Laos 92.3% 80.8% 91.0% Montenegro 91.2% 86.3% 89.1% Kosovo 87.7% 96.3% 88.9% Nicaragua 90.8% 81.0% 88.8% Lebanon 88.0% 91.0% 88.6% Seychelles 83.5% 92.7% 87.9% Slovenia 91.6% 83.3% 87.9% Papua New Guinea 84.3% 88.7% 87.5% Gaza Strip and West Bank 85.6% 87.8% 86.0% Malta 84.6% 88.2% 85.5% Armenia 89.3% 83.0% 85.1% Cambodia 85.1% 78.5% 84.5% Hong Kong (SAR of China) 86.0% 83.2% 84.1% Angola 79.7% 88.1% 84.0% Bolivia 86.3% 80.8% 83.9% Egypt 80.6% 87.5% 83.6% Australian Bureau of Statistics Sorted by GSA and excluding COBs with small populations, and regions with no further data % calculated as % of persons born in that country 26 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

27 Notes: Table 11: Top 25 COBs where people are least likely to take out Australian citizenship % Not Australian (GWS) % Not Australian (ROS) % Not Australian (GSA) Mongolia 89.4% 92.6% 92.2% Japan 71.9% 84.2% 82.4% Niue 80.8% 81.1% 81.0% Tokelau 76.9% 50.0% 75.7% Nepal 68.4% 79.9% 75.2% Samoa, American 69.9% 73.7% 70.6% Cook Islands 70.7% 67.7% 70.2% Norway 57.9% 73.4% 69.9% Brazil 49.2% 71.7% 69.2% New Zealand 70.4% 61.8% 65.6% Saudi Arabia 51.5% 76.6% 62.9% Indonesia 50.5% 64.8% 59.6% Thailand 38.3% 63.6% 55.9% Denmark 44.4% 59.6% 55.3% China (excludes SARs and Taiwan) 47.3% 59.3% 55.0% Samoa 54.7% 50.5% 54.4% Oman 33.8% 72.1% 54.4% Colombia 36.9% 57.4% 52.5% Mexico 37.1% 56.0% 52.3% Korea, Republic of (South) 46.1% 56.4% 51.9% Bhutan 48.1% 63.9% 49.8% France 28.3% 53.3% 49.8% Pakistan 49.7% 49.2% 49.6% Tonga 51.7% 42.5% 49.5% Sweden 45.6% 49.9% 49.1% Australian Bureau of Statistics Sorted by GSA and excluding COBs with small populations, and regions with no further data % calculated as % of persons born in that country 27 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

28 Table 12: Language Spoken at Home, GWS % of % of % of M ales Females Persons M ales Females Persons M ales Females Persons population population population Speaks English only 551, ,796 1,112, % 564, ,468 1,135, % 587, ,988 1,175, % Speaks other language: Afrikaans % , % , % Arabic 66,258 63, , % 73,866 72, , % 81,969 79, , % Australian Indigenous Languages % % % Bengali 3,999 3,342 7, % 7,348 6,276 13, % 11,554 10,208 21, % Chinese languages: 2006 Census 2011 Census 2016 Census Cantonese 27,152 29,521 56, % 28,095 30,837 58, % 28,940 31,915 60, % Mandarin 18,448 20,147 38, % 24,060 26,935 51, % 38,423 42,756 81, % Other(b) 3,422 3,815 7, % 4,219 4,665 8, % 3,842 4,382 8, % Total Chinese languages 49,014 53, , % 56,363 62, , % 71,225 79, , % Croatian 6,575 6,554 13, % 6,253 6,475 12, % 5,670 6,052 11, % Dutch 920 1,122 2, % 849 1,019 1, % , % Filipino 5,661 7,076 12, % 6,022 7,738 13, % 6,482 8,348 14, % French 2,054 2,334 4, % 2,228 2,523 4, % 2,280 2,589 4, % German 2,290 2,728 4, % 2,194 2,640 4, % 1,956 2,384 4, % Greek 16,606 16,973 33, % 16,463 17,038 33, % 15,407 16,167 31, % Hindi 14,113 14,165 28, % 19,171 19,562 38, % 23,689 24,221 47, % Indonesian 3,083 3,436 6, % 4,339 4,861 9, % 5,145 6,076 11, % Italian 16,135 17,013 33, % 14,875 15,751 30, % 12,830 13,845 26, % Japanese , % 627 1,001 1, % 839 1,311 2, % Korean 7,471 7,944 15, % 9,611 10,272 19, % 12,866 13,619 26, % Macedonian 4,178 4,177 8, % 4,309 4,389 8, % 4,097 4,211 8, % Persian (excluding Dari) 2,960 2,864 5, % 3,798 3,671 7, % 6,404 5,487 11, % Polish 3,542 4,271 7, % 3,184 3,902 7, % 2,777 3,447 6, % Punjabi 3,873 3,072 6, % 8,662 6,732 15, % 13,438 10,992 24, % Russian 1,583 2,088 3, % 1,665 2,205 3, % 1,820 2,494 4, % Samoan 5,432 5,810 11, % 6,171 6,786 12, % 6,865 7,623 14, % Serbian 6,653 6,656 13, % 6,576 6,786 13, % 6,242 6,577 12, % Sinhalese 2,052 2,029 4, % 2,914 2,919 5, % 3,387 3,415 6, % Spanish 12,850 14,087 26, % 12,998 14,582 27, % 13,221 15,042 28, % Tagalog 9,295 11,829 21, % 11,454 14,573 26, % 12,836 16,922 29, % Tamil 5,147 5,098 10, % 7,441 7,292 14, % 11,327 9,848 21, % Thai 1,018 1,816 2, % 1,417 2,608 4, % 2,093 3,926 6, % Turkish 7,410 7,320 14, % 7,946 7,867 15, % 7,692 7,685 15, % Urdu 4,339 3,763 8, % 7,604 6,559 14, % 13,617 10,693 24, % Vietnamese 30,547 32,659 63, % 34,888 38,241 73, % 39,678 44,480 84, % Other(c) 54,691 55, , % 69,788 70, , % 95,391 93, , % Total speaks other language 350, , , % 411, , , % 494, ,890 1,006, % Language spoken at home not stated 58,907 51, , % 54,716 48, , % 63,953 60, , % Total 961, ,838 1,937, % 1,031,186 1,049,582 2,080, % 1,146,338 1,160,841 2,307, % 28 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY Australian Bureau of Statistics

29 Table 13: Language Spoken at Home, ROS % of % of % of M ales Females Persons M ales Females Persons M ales Females Persons population population population Speaks English only 744, ,286 1,523, % 784, ,747 1,596, % 812, ,390 1,640, % Speaks other language: Afrikaans , % 1,428 1,439 2, % 1,724 1,789 3, % Arabic 15,785 15,300 31, % 16,714 15,968 32, % 16,415 15,942 32, % Australian Indigenous Languages % % % Bengali 3,387 1,911 5, % 4,197 2,751 6, % 4,837 3,593 8, % Chinese languages: 2006 Census 2011 Census 2016 Census Cantonese 31,721 36,894 68, % 33,749 39,454 73, % 35,987 41,975 77, % Mandarin 26,612 31,490 58, % 37,156 45,733 82, % 66,203 81, , % Other(b) 2,502 3,031 5, % 4,186 4,876 9, % 4,109 4,771 8, % Total Chinese languages 60,849 71, , % 75,105 90, , % 106, , , % Croatian 3,650 3,882 7, % 3,482 3,803 7, % 3,261 3,588 6, % Dutch 1,704 1,916 3, % 1,959 2,313 4, % 2,036 2,274 4, % Filipino 1,618 2,603 4, % 2,098 3,270 5, % 2,631 3,987 6, % French 4,046 4,449 8, % 5,434 5,780 11, % 7,436 7,749 15, % German 4,490 5,191 9, % 5,276 5,937 11, % 5,443 6,215 11, % Greek 22,620 23,938 46, % 22,897 24,378 47, % 21,210 23,408 44, % Hindi 4,639 4,069 8, % 6,368 5,683 12, % 8,484 7,707 16, % Indonesian 5,435 6,250 11, % 6,829 7,520 14, % 8,337 9,103 17, % Italian 18,704 19,904 38, % 18,338 19,567 37, % 17,549 18,563 36, % Japanese 4,140 5,902 10, % 4,577 6,618 11, % 5,368 7,722 13, % Korean 9,506 11,025 20, % 12,174 14,045 26, % 14,672 16,630 31, % Macedonian 5,329 5,350 10, % 5,398 5,463 10, % 5,227 5,424 10, % Persian (excluding Dari) 2,300 2,236 4, % 3,218 3,127 6, % 4,542 4,322 8, % Polish 2,325 2,896 5, % 2,420 3,107 5, % 2,578 3,262 5, % Punjabi , % 1,971 1,358 3, % 2,211 1,851 4, % Russian 4,180 5,370 9, % 4,967 6,592 11, % 5,661 7,518 13, % Samoan % % % Serbian 2,576 2,765 5, % 2,769 3,062 5, % 2,675 3,042 5, % Sinhalese 1,081 1,088 2, % 1,426 1,377 2, % 1,583 1,612 3, % Spanish 8,220 9,505 17, % 10,470 11,779 22, % 13,604 15,063 28, % Tagalog 2,497 3,713 6, % 3,232 5,077 8, % 4,273 6,603 10, % Tamil 2,465 2,461 4, % 2,996 2,930 5, % 3,721 3,531 7, % Thai 2,494 3,765 6, % 3,612 5,976 9, % 5,801 9,831 15, % Turkish 2,101 2,031 4, % 2,321 2,330 4, % 2,229 2,232 4, % Urdu 1, , % 1,480 1,174 2, % 2,235 1,518 3, % Vietnamese 4,362 5,043 9, % 5,478 6,422 11, % 6,733 8,413 15, % Other(c) 29,051 29,532 58, % 37,675 37,245 74, % 50,223 50, , % Total speaks other language 233, , , % 276, , , % 339, , , % Language spoken at home not stated 89,035 78, , % 69,481 61, , % 78,253 76, , % Total 1,067,062 1,113,134 2,180, % 1,131,035 1,179,871 2,310, % 1,230,428 1,286,380 2,516, % 29 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY Australian Bureau of Statistics

30 Table 14: Language Spoken at Home, GSA % of % of % of M ales Females Persons M ales Females Persons M ales Females Persons population population population Speaks English only 1,296,025 1,339,082 2,635, % 1,349,230 1,383,215 2,732, % 1,400,433 1,416,378 2,816, % Speaks other language: Afrikaans 1,359 1,447 2, % 2,211 2,280 4, % 2,643 2,746 5, % Arabic 82,043 79, , % 90,580 88, , % 98,384 95, , % Australian Indigenous Languages , % % % Bengali 7,386 5,253 12, % 11,545 9,027 20, % 16,391 13,801 30, % Chinese languages: 2006 Census 2011 Census 2016 Census Cantonese 58,873 66, , % 61,844 70, , % 64,927 73, , % Mandarin 45,060 51,637 96, % 61,216 72, , % 104, , , % Other(b) 5,924 6,846 12, % 8,405 9,541 17, % 7,951 9,153 17, % Total Chinese languages 109, , , % 131, , , % 177, , , % Croatian 10,225 10,436 20, % 9,735 10,278 20, % 8,931 9,640 18, % Dutch 2,624 3,038 5, % 2,808 3,332 6, % 2,733 3,152 5, % Filipino 7,279 9,679 16, % 8,120 11,008 19, % 9,113 12,335 21, % French 6,100 6,783 12, % 7,662 8,303 15, % 9,716 10,338 20, % German 6,780 7,919 14, % 7,470 8,577 16, % 7,399 8,599 15, % Greek 39,226 40,911 80, % 39,360 41,416 80, % 36,617 39,575 76, % Hindi 18,752 18,234 36, % 25,539 25,245 50, % 32,173 31,928 64, % Indonesian 8,518 9,686 18, % 11,168 12,381 23, % 13,482 15,179 28, % Italian 34,839 36,917 71, % 33,213 35,318 68, % 30,379 32,408 62, % Japanese 4,599 6,643 11, % 5,204 7,619 12, % 6,207 9,033 15, % Korean 16,977 18,969 35, % 21,785 24,317 46, % 27,538 30,249 57, % Macedonian 9,507 9,527 19, % 9,707 9,852 19, % 9,324 9,635 18, % Persian (excluding Dari) 5,260 5,100 10, % 7,016 6,798 13, % 10,946 9,809 20, % Polish 5,867 7,167 13, % 5,604 7,009 12, % 5,355 6,709 12, % Punjabi 4,854 3,827 8, % 10,633 8,090 18, % 15,649 12,843 28, % Russian 5,763 7,458 13, % 6,632 8,797 15, % 7,481 10,012 17, % Samoan 5,859 6,232 12, % 6,640 7,217 13, % 7,342 8,086 15, % Serbian 9,229 9,421 18, % 9,345 9,848 19, % 8,917 9,619 18, % Sinhalese 3,133 3,117 6, % 4,340 4,296 8, % 4,970 5,027 9, % Spanish 21,070 23,592 44, % 23,468 26,361 49, % 26,825 30,105 56, % Tagalog 11,792 15,542 27, % 14,686 19,650 34, % 17,109 23,525 40, % Tamil 7,612 7,559 15, % 10,437 10,222 20, % 15,048 13,379 28, % Thai 3,512 5,581 9, % 5,029 8,584 13, % 7,894 13,757 21, % Turkish 9,511 9,351 18, % 10,267 10,197 20, % 9,921 9,917 19, % Urdu 5,446 4,617 10, % 9,084 7,733 16, % 15,852 12,211 28, % Vietnamese 34,909 37,702 72, % 40,366 44,663 85, % 46,411 52,893 99, % Other(c) 83,742 84, , % 107, , , % 145, , , % Total speaks other language 584, ,841 1,205, % 688, ,742 1,425, % 834, ,448 1,727, % Language spoken at home not stated 147, , , % 124, , , % 142, , , % Total 2,028,225 2,089,972 4,118, % 2,162,221 2,229,453 4,391, % 2,376,766 2,447,221 4,823, % 30 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY Australian Bureau of Statistics

31 Table 15: Language Spoken at Home, FACS SWS 2006 Census 2011 Census 2016 Census M ales Females Persons f population M ales Females Persons f population M ales Females Persons f population Speaks English only 229, , , % 234, , , % 250, , , % Speaks other language: % % % Afrikaans % % % Arabic 40,717 39,512 80, % 46,785 45,678 92, % 53,304 52, , % Australian Indigenous Languages % % % Bengali 2,418 1,951 4, % 4,817 4,047 8, % 7,692 6,721 14, % Chinese languages: % % % Cantonese 12,938 14,046 26, % 12,779 14,055 26, % 12,719 13,844 26, % Mandarin 8,213 8,790 16, % 9,195 10,191 19, % 12,938 14,488 27, % Other(b) 2,369 2,619 4, % 2,684 2,944 5, % 2,448 2,796 5, % Total Chinese languages 23,525 25,433 48, % 24,643 27,189 51, % 28,115 31,134 59, % Croatian 3,591 3,576 7, % 3,374 3,442 6, % 3,105 3,206 6, % Dutch % % % Filipino 1,655 2,176 3, % 1,553 2,228 3, % 1,753 2,348 4, % French 1,072 1,257 2, % 1,115 1,249 2, % 1,119 1,256 2, % German 917 1,147 2, % 913 1,155 2, % 798 1,020 1, % Greek 12,592 12,889 25, % 12,490 13,012 25, % 11,857 12,369 24, % Hindi 6,126 6,403 12, % 7,522 8,026 15, % 7,964 8,719 16, % Indonesian 1,684 1,808 3, % 2,396 2,701 5, % 2,918 3,342 6, % Italian 10,894 11,661 22, % 10,096 10,768 20, % 8,668 9,422 18, % Japanese % % % Korean 2,140 2,382 4, % 2,141 2,393 4, % 2,136 2,520 4, % Macedonian 3,682 3,677 7, % 3,853 3,886 7, % 3,670 3,743 7, % Persian (excluding Dari) , % , % 1, , % Polish 1,795 2,144 3, % 1,563 1,906 3, % 1,369 1,658 3, % Punjabi , % 1,372 1,058 2, % 2,049 1,681 3, % Russian , % , % , % Samoan 3,216 3,443 6, % 3,670 4,087 7, % 4,116 4,660 8, % Serbian 5,247 5,312 10, % 5,216 5,405 10, % 4,988 5,234 10, % Sinhalese % % , % Spanish 8,913 9,582 18, % 8,779 9,555 18, % 8,654 9,721 18, % Tagalog 2,675 3,559 6, % 3,283 4,349 7, % 3,662 5,068 8, % Tamil , % , % 1,179 1,155 2, % Thai 643 1,074 1, % 847 1,474 2, % 1,242 2,222 3, % Turkish 2,035 1,945 3, % 2,192 2,098 4, % 2,214 2,128 4, % Urdu 1,949 1,660 3, % 3,353 2,845 6, % 5,960 4,586 10, % Vietnamese 27,791 29,596 57, % 31,795 34,685 66, % 36,393 40,570 76, % Other(c) 28,661 29,793 58, % 34,594 36,032 70, % 44,983 46,348 91, % Total speaks other language 197, , , % 221, , , % 253, , , % Language spoken at home not stated 28,046 26,547 54, % 25,762 24,254 50, % 30,408 30,136 60, % Total 454, , , % 482, , , % 534, ,992 1,081, % 31 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY Australian Bureau of Statistics

32 Table 16: Language Spoken at Home, FACS WS 2006 Census 2011 Census 2016 Census M ales Females Persons f population M ales Females Persons f population M ales Females Persons f population Speaks English only 349, , , % 358, , , % 366, , , % Speaks other language: Afrikaans % , % , % Arabic 25,562 24,260 49, % 27,123 26,464 53, % 28,721 27,753 56, % Australian Indigenous Languages % % % Bengali 1,581 1,394 2, % 2,535 2,235 4, % 3,876 3,497 7, % Chinese languages: Cantonese 14,302 15,574 29, % 15,371 16,856 32, % 16,293 18,165 34, % Mandarin 10,280 11,424 21, % 14,910 16,811 31, % 25,602 28,396 54, % Other(b) 1,064 1,202 2, % 1,541 1,730 3, % 1,414 1,589 2, % Total Chinese languages 25,638 28,210 53, % 31,820 35,397 67, % 43,326 48,144 91, % Croatian 3,016 3,001 6, % 2,912 3,064 5, % 2,596 2,874 5, % Dutch , % , % , % Filipino 4,010 4,915 8, % 4,472 5,525 9, % 4,747 6,030 10, % French 1,017 1,133 2, % 1,149 1,340 2, % 1,213 1,415 2, % German 1,478 1,697 3, % 1,388 1,627 3, % 1,277 1,497 2, % Greek 4,093 4,166 8, % 4,064 4,113 8, % 3,653 3,889 7, % Hindi 8,000 7,776 15, % 11,669 11,564 23, % 15,760 15,535 31, % Indonesian 1,414 1,649 3, % 1,951 2,172 4, % 2,242 2,752 4, % Italian 5,389 5,498 10, % 4,942 5,148 10, % 4,328 4,589 8, % Japanese % , % , % Korean 5,339 5,565 10, % 7,474 7,892 15, % 10,742 11,113 21, % Macedonian , % , % % Persian (excluding Dari) 2,425 2,359 4, % 3,093 2,993 6, % 5,276 4,559 9, % Polish 1,764 2,168 3, % 1,650 2,032 3, % 1,441 1,829 3, % Punjabi 3,141 2,513 5, % 7,307 5,685 12, % 11,424 9,340 20, % Russian 965 1,173 2, % 1,047 1,275 2, % 1,134 1,504 2, % Samoan 2,219 2,367 4, % 2,504 2,702 5, % 2,756 2,972 5, % Serbian 1,435 1,368 2, % 1,386 1,407 2, % 1,275 1,369 2, % Sinhalese 1,743 1,697 3, % 2,457 2,445 4, % 2,837 2,859 5, % Spanish 3,987 4,556 8, % 4,276 5,106 9, % 4,630 5,405 10, % Tagalog 6,624 8,293 14, % 8,187 10,265 18, % 9,199 11,918 21, % Tamil 4,417 4,383 8, % 6,506 6,329 12, % 10,154 8,699 18, % Thai , % 582 1,168 1, % 874 1,760 2, % Turkish 5,379 5,381 10, % 5,767 5,787 11, % 5,500 5,565 11, % Urdu 2,390 2,103 4, % 4,251 3,714 7, % 7,660 6,110 13, % Vietnamese 2,772 3,087 5, % 3,104 3,568 6, % 3,319 3,977 7, % Other(c) 26,225 25,503 51, % 35,403 34,500 69, % 50,768 47,548 98, % Total speaks other language 154, , , % 191, , , % 242, , , % Language spoken at home not stated 32,649 26,841 59, % 30,674 25,198 55, % 36,402 33,328 69, % Total 536, ,030 1,079, % 580, ,099 1,167, % 645, ,238 1,295, % 32 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY Australian Bureau of Statistics

33 Table 17: Language Spoken at Home, NSW 2006 Census 2011 Census 2016 Census % of % of % of M ales Females Persons M ales Females Persons M ales Females Persons population population population Speaks English only 2,379,053 2,459,199 4,838, % 2,465,122 2,539,512 5,004, % 2,531,805 2,587,335 5,119, % Speaks other language: % % % Afrikaans 1,753 1,839 3, % 3,086 3,132 6, % 3,819 3,903 7, % Arabic 84,052 80, , % 93,559 90, , % 101,880 98, , % Australian Indigenous Languages , % , % , % Bengali 7,580 5,406 12, % 12,025 9,441 21, % 17,174 14,483 31, % Chinese languages: % % % Cantonese 61,000 68, , % 63,873 72, , % 67,115 76, , % Mandarin 46,943 53, , % 64,054 75, , % 109, , , % Other(b) 6,212 7,139 13, % 9,107 10,140 19, % 8,513 9,631 18, % Total Chinese languages 114, , , % 137, , , % 185, , , % Croatian 11,713 11,873 23, % 11,146 11,710 22, % 10,207 10,937 21, % Dutch 3,954 4,737 8, % 4,164 5,101 9, % 3,953 4,714 8, % Filipino 7,559 10,683 18, % 8,658 12,435 21, % 10,033 14,155 24, % French 7,179 7,976 15, % 9,069 9,895 18, % 11,410 12,243 23, % German 10,077 11,969 22, % 10,743 12,636 23, % 10,516 12,459 22, % Greek 42,234 43,842 86, % 42,260 44,293 86, % 39,340 42,303 81, % Hindi 19,290 18,810 38, % 26,505 26,229 52, % 33,658 33,322 66, % Indonesian 8,886 10,150 19, % 11,699 13,064 24, % 14,052 15,947 30, % Italian 42,650 44,560 87, % 40,500 42,594 83, % 36,692 38,933 75, % Japanese 5,133 7,374 12, % 5,801 8,539 14, % 7,046 10,262 17, % Korean 17,325 19,313 36, % 22,420 24,946 47, % 28,600 31,274 59, % Macedonian 14,556 14,367 28, % 14,739 14,704 29, % 13,966 14,165 28, % Persian (excluding Dari) 5,554 5,358 10, % 7,476 7,201 14, % 11,649 10,379 22, % Polish 6,913 8,566 15, % 6,511 8,325 14, % 6,197 7,926 14, % Punjabi 5,731 4,641 10, % 12,135 9,385 21, % 18,263 15,150 33, % Russian 6,098 7,935 14, % 7,045 9,399 16, % 7,978 10,761 18, % Samoan 6,256 6,624 12, % 7,172 7,712 14, % 7,913 8,592 16, % Serbian 10,718 10,876 21, % 10,874 11,347 22, % 10,355 11,114 21, % Sinhalese 3,377 3,353 6, % 4,720 4,660 9, % 5,577 5,653 11, % Spanish 23,367 26,125 49, % 26,158 29,368 55, % 29,908 33,511 63, % Tagalog 12,221 16,964 29, % 15,483 21,608 37, % 18,538 26,567 45, % Tamil 7,910 7,819 15, % 10,892 10,628 21, % 15,729 13,928 29, % Thai 3,915 6,353 10, % 5,703 9,990 15, % 8,887 15,916 24, % Turkish 10,400 10,162 20, % 11,190 11,052 22, % 10,849 10,743 21, % Urdu 5,712 4,827 10, % 9,589 8,128 17, % 16,799 12,877 29, % Vietnamese 35,837 38,643 74, % 41,512 45,888 87, % 48,003 54, , % Other(c) 93,417 94, , % 119, , , % 162, , , % Total speaks other language 636, ,382 1,312, % 750, ,466 1,552, % 907, ,813 1,880, % Language spoken at home not stated 206, , , % 185, , , % 239, , , % Total 3,221,977 3,315,986 6,537, % 3,401,228 3,503,393 6,904, % 3,678,483 3,789,034 7,467, % 33 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY Australian Bureau of Statistics

34 Table 18: Top 10 Languages Spoken at Home, GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW GWS GWS % ROS ROS % English % English % Arabic % Mandarin % Vietnamese % Cantonese % Mandarin % Greek % Cantonese % Italian % Hindi % Arabic % Greek % Korean % Tagalog % Spanish % Spanish % Nepali % Italian % Indonesian % Not stated % Not stated % Total population % Total % FACS SWS FACS SWS % FACS WS FACS WS % English % English % Arabic % Arabic % Vietnamese % Mandarin % Mandarin % Cantonese % Cantonese % Hindi % Greek % Korean % Spanish % Tagalog % Italian % Punjabi % Assyrian Neo- Aramaic % Tamil % Hindi % Gujarati % Not stated % Not stated % Total % Total % GSA GSA % NSW NSW % English % English % Mandarin % Mandarin % Arabic % Arabic % Cantonese % Cantonese % Vietnamese % Vietnamese % Greek % Greek % Hindi % Italian % Italian % Hindi % Korean % Spanish % Spanish % Korean % Not stated % Not stated % Total % Total % Australian Bureau of Statistics 34 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

35 Table 19: English Proficiency, GWS, ROS, FACS SWS, FACS WS, GSA, NSW as % of population GWS ROS FACS SWS FACS WS GSA NSW Speaks English only 51.00% 65.20% 46.34% 56.76% 58.40% 68.50% Speaks other language and 23.80% 15.80% speaks English: Very well 25.07% 21.70% 19.70% 14.00% Speaks other language and 11.20% 8.20% speaks English: Well 12.21% 9.79% 9.60% 6.70% Speaks other language and 6.40% 3.60% speaks English: Not well 8.17% 4.69% 5.00% 3.40% Speaks other language and 2.10% 1.10% speaks English: Not at all 2.48% 1.62% 1.50% 1.10% Not stated - both language and 5.10% 5.90% English proficiency not stated 5.23% 5.06% 5.50% 6.00% Not stated - language stated, 0.40% 0.20% English proficiency not stated 0.50% 0.37% 0.30% 0.30% Australian Bureau of Statistics 35 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

36 MAPS Map 1: Distribution of India-born population in Sydney, P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

37 Map 2: Distribution of China-born population in Sydney, P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

38 Map 3: Distribution of Vietnam-born population in Sydney, P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

39 Map 4: Distribution of Philippines-born population in Sydney, P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

40 Map 5: Distribution of Lebanon-born population in Sydney, P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

41 Map 6: Place of usual residence, migrants who arrived 1/1/ /12/ P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

42 Map 7: Place of usual residence, migrants who arrived 1/1/2016 9/8/ P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY

43 Map 8: Speaks Language Other than English at Home 43 P a g e OUR CHANGING CITY: CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN GREATER WESTERN SYDNEY