Devolved Immigration Policy: Will it Work in Scotland? Robert E. Wright
|
|
- Margery Bryant
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Devolved Immigration Policy: Will it Work in Scotland? by Robert E. Wright Department of Economics Strathclyde Business School University of Strathclyde William Duncan Building 130 Rottenrow Glasgow, G4 0GE November 2006 In early 2005 the then Home Secretary Charles Clarke outlined a five year plan aimed at changing fundamentally the way immigration to the United Kingdom is managed. Central to this plan is the adoption of a points system, where applicants are allotted points for possessing characteristics that make them more employable, such as education, technical skills, work experience, knowledge of the English language, etc. If some threshold level of points is achieved, and if the individual passes medical and security checks, they will be allowed to immigrate to the UK. Although the Government has tended to portray this system as new and novel, it is not. It is essentially the same as was introduced in Canada in 1967 and copied by Australia in It is worth understanding why Canada introduced such a system almost 40 years ago (and Australia followed shortly afterwards). Prior in time, policy was driven by country of origin preference, with applicants from Europe being allowed to move to the head of the queue. It was felt that such a system was less than optimal for two reasons. The first is that it was clearly racist since for obvious reasons almost all the applicants from Europe were white. The second is that evidence was accumulating 1
2 that that an increasing proportion of immigrants were not bringing with them the skills needed to accelerate the rapid economic growth that was occurring at the time. With a points system the responsibility of policy shifts from matching jobs to immigrants to matching immigrants to jobs. Such a shift is desirable for a country as a whole, since immigration can be used to strategically fill job vacancies and help plug the skills gap. However, the focus of the points system is on attracting skilled immigrants but demographic trends (particularly in Scotland) imply that both skilled and unskilled workers are needed. Under Mr. Clarke s plan, refugees and asylum-seekers will provide unskilled labour, which is essentially a continuation of the status quo. Will the introduction of this points system lead to lower levels of immigration to the UK? The answer to this question is a clear maybe. It all depends on what level the pass mark is set at, which is simply the minimum number of points needed to be allowed to immigrate. If it is set at a low level, then immigration will increase. If it is set at a high level, then immigration will decrease. For example, Canada lowered its pass mark from 75 to 67 (a sizeable reduction) in order to increase immigration levels and immigration levels have increased. Therefore people who have concluded that the introduction of a points system in the UK will lower immigration levels are clearly wrong. The key question then becomes what will be the pass mark? In order to set this in a sensible manner, immigration targets must be set. It is only after the Government decides how many immigrants it wants to attract can it set the hurdle at the level needed to achieve this number. It is therefore not surprising that the Parliaments of Canada and Australia set annual immigration targets, and the sole responsibility of their immigration services is to deliver the specified number of people. Although Mr. 2
3 Blair is reluctant to specify targets (or quotas to use the former Conservative leader Michael Howard s jargon), it is something that the Government will have to do if the points system is going to work. Whether Mr. Blair or Mr. Brown or perhaps Mr. Cameron is prepared to make these targets public is another matter. Whether these targets are public or not, my expectation is that the pass mark will be set at a relatively high level which will make the UK an even more difficult country to immigrate to. Al the last General Election all three major political parties have committed themselves to reducing immigration levels if elected. It is about the only thing I can see that they all agreed on: Immigration to the UK is too high. It is not difficult to understand why they made such promises. The bulk of immigrants settle in London and the southeast of England and this is also the part of the country where anti-immigration sentiment is the strongest. It also happens to be the area of the country where General Elections tend to be won or lost, so Labour, the Conservatives and the Lib-Dems were all simply pandering to what for them is the critical segment of the electorate. With these political considerations in mind, it is my view that immigration to the UK will fall dramatically once the points system is up and running. What does all this mean for Scotland? Mr. McConnell has stated that Mr. Clarke s plan and the points system is good for Scotland, although he has not been too clear on why he believes this to be the case. He is however correct when he states that population decline and ageing is Scotland s Number 1 problem. He is equally correct when he argues that increasing immigration to Scotland is one way of attempting to address this problem but it is not the only policy response. The question is then how does one increase immigration to Scotland (as Mr. McConnell wants) yet at the same time reduce immigration to the United Kingdom (as Mr. Blair wants)? 3
4 At first these policy objectives may appear to be totally incompatible. Immigration policy is set for the UK as a whole by Westminster and any policy that reduces immigration to the UK as a whole will also reduce immigration to Scotland. This will certainly be true unless immigrants to the UK are required to reside in a particular region. However, there is nothing in Mr. Clarke s plan that takes into consideration the different demographic conditions that exist across the UK, and there is certainly no discussion of residence requirements. It is in fact trivial to achieve the goals of increasing immigration to Scotland and at the same time reducing immigration to the UK with a points-based immigration system. Again the government does not need recreate the wheel but simply to borrow more from the immigration system in Canada, where additional or bonus points are allotted to those individuals agreeing to reside in a particular geographic region for a minimum period of time. Regional differences are a key feature of Canadian immigration policy and are reflected in the immigration system. Nine of Canada s ten provinces (and one of its territories) have agreements with the federal government relating to immigration which take into consideration specific provincial (territorial) requirements. Eight have negotiated provincial nominee programmes, which essentially means that applicants with certain skills get more points if they agree to reside in these provinces. The Canada-Quebec Accord goes one step further and essentially devolved responsibility for immigration to the province of Quebec (i.e. potential immigrants apply directly to the Province of Quebec and not the Dominion of Canada). The only province that does not have some sort of agreement with the federal government is Ontario, a province that does not need any help in attracting immigrants, since it has been the main destination of immigrants to Canada over the past few decades. 4
5 The system proposed by Mr. Clarke could easily be modified along these lines to meet Scotland s needs by allotting more points to applicants who agree to work and live in Scotland (say for a minimum of five years). However, this simple modification will only work if the government is serious about enforcing the terms of the residence requirement. Since a deal is a deal, they have be prepared to as a last resort deport those who fail to live up to the agreement. Given, Mr. Clarke has promised to be harder on refugees and asylum seekers in terms of enforcing deportation orders, this does not seem to be a massive leap forward in policy. As it stands at the moment, there is absolutely nothing in the proposed points system that will make it easier for the Scottish Executive to deliver on its promise of reversing Scotland s population decline. There is nothing in it that will attract people to Scotland. The Government s promise of reducing immigration to the UK will also reduce immigration to Scotland. Although the Fresh Talent Initiative is a positive policy development, it will not by itself attract the type of people in sufficient numbers that Scotland needs but that is a different story. 5
6 Figure 1 Total Fertility Rate Scotland, Live births per woman Replacement level = Year Figure 2 Life Expectancy at Birth Scotland, Number of years Men Women Year 6
7 Figure 3 Net Migration Scotland, ,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 Number of people 10, ,000-20,000-30,000-40,000-50,000 Year 5,300,000 Figure 4 Population Size Scotland, (Various GAD Projections) 5,200,000 5,100,000 5,000,000 Number of people 4,900,000 4,800,000 Principal projection Zero net-migration 4,700, milllion 5 million 4,600,000 4,500,000 4,400, Year 7
8 Figure 5 Births and Deaths Scotland, (GAD Prinicpal Projection) 115, ,000 95,000 Number of births and deaths 85,000 75,000 65,000 Births Deaths 55,000 45,000 35, Year Figure 6 Number of People Aged Scotland, (GAD Principal Projection) 3,200,000 3,100,000 3,000,000 2,900,000 2,800,000 Number of people 2,700,000 2,600,000 2,500,000 2,400,000 2,300,000 2,200,000 2,100,000 2,000, Year 8
9 Table 1 Classes of Immigrants Canada, 2006 (1) Skilled Worker Class Immigration: Canada values the skills and experiences that foreign professionals and workers bring with them. Check to see if your skills and experience qualify you to come to Canada as a skilled worker. (2) Business Class Immigration: Canada has a strong economic culture. If you have experience running or investing in businesses, you may qualify to come to Canada as a business immigrant. (3) Provincial Nomination: Most Canadian provinces have programs that encourage immigrants to settle in those provinces and benefit their economies. Learn about settling in one of Canada s provinces as a provincial nominee. (4) Family Class Immigration: Family class immigration reunites families in Canadian homes. Learn how to sponsor your family member or come to Canada as a member of the family class. (5) International Adoption: Adopting children from abroad can be a long process. This is to protect children s rights. Learn about what you need to do to bring an adoptive child to Canada. (6) Quebec-Selected Immigration: Quebec is responsible for selecting immigrants who wish to settle in Quebec. Find out how to apply to be selected to settle in Quebec. 9
10 Table 2 Provincial Immigration Agreements Canada, 2005 Quebec: The Canada-Quebec Accord was signed in 1991 British Columbia: An agreement signed in 1998 gave the province responsibility and funding for settlement and integration services, a greater role in immigration planning and policy, and a provincial nominee program. It also established a pilot project to attract business immigrants. In 2001, the B.C. government--in partnership with the Canadian government and professional organizations--launched a pilot project to help foreign professionals work in their field in B.C. Saskatchewan: A 1999 agreement established a provincial nominee program. Manitoba: The Settlement Services Agreement, signed in 1999, made it simpler to administer such settlement services as orientation, language training and labour market access. The parties also signed a provincial nominee agreement, which was expanded in New Brunswick: A provincial nominee agreement was signed in Newfoundland and Labrador: A 1999 agreement established a five-year provincial nominee program. Yukon: An agreement signed in 2001 gave the territory a role in immigration planning and integration, and established a territorial nominee program. Prince Edward Island: An agreement signed in 2001 covers a range of immigration issues, including planning and integration, and established a five-year provincial nominee program. Alberta: A 2002 agreement established a two-year provincial nominee program. Nova Scotia: A provincial nominee agreement established in
11 Table 3 Maximum Points Canada and Quebec Immigration System Item: Canada Quebec Education Employment Experience Arranged Employment Age Language: English 16 (8) 6 French 8 (16) 18 Adaptability Total
12 Table 4 Immigration Targets and Levels Canada, Immigrants Year Immigration Target All Economic Class , , , , , , , , , , ,055 97, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
POLICY PRIMER. Sub-National Immigration Policy: Can it Work in the UK? CPC.
POLICY PRIMER Sub-National Immigration Policy: Can it Work in the UK? AUTHOR: DR ROBERT E WRIGHT PUBLISHED: 18/09/2013 CPC centre for population change www.migrationobservatory.ox.ac.uk This policy primer
More informationDemographics. Chapter 2 - Table of contents. Environmental Scan 2008
Environmental Scan 2008 2 Ontario s population, and consequently its labour force, is aging rapidly. The province faces many challenges related to a falling birth rate, an aging population and a large
More informationAlberta Immigrant Highlights. Labour Force Statistics. Highest unemployment rate for landed immigrants 9.8% New immigrants
2016 Labour Force Profiles in the Labour Force Immigrant Highlights Population Statistics Labour Force Statistics Third highest percentage of landed immigrants in the working age population 1. 34. ON 2.
More informationChapter 11 - Population
Chapter 11 - Population Social Studies 11 Mrs Mactavish Images and notes graciously borrowed and adapted from Thielmann s Web River (http://dpts.sd57.bc.ca/~gthielmann/ss11/index.html) Part A - Population
More informationPROGRAM REVIEW BUSINESS/ ENTREPRENEUR STREAMS
1 Executive Summary The purpose of this review is to identify immigration programs for entrepreneurs that best align with PEI s provincial objectives related to retention, rural development, business succession
More informationSelecting Skilled Immigrants: National Standard and Provincial Nomination. Peter S Li, Ph.D., F.R.S.C. University of Saskatchewan Canada
Selecting Skilled Immigrants: National Standard and Provincial Nomination Peter S Li, Ph.D., F.R.S.C. University of Saskatchewan Canada (I) Some Notable Recent Changes Proportional increase in economic
More informationPRINCE EDWARD ISLAND POPULATION REPORT 2017
OVERVIEW PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND POPULATION REPORT 2017 DIAGRAM 1: PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND POPULATION, AS OF JULY 1, 1998-2017 155,000 150,000 145,000 140,000 135,000 130,000 On September 27, 2017 Statistics
More informationImmigrant and Temporary Resident Children in British Columbia
and Temporary Resident Children in British Columbia January 2011 During the five-year period from 2005 to 2009, on average, approximately 40,000 immigrants arrived in B.C. annually and approximately 7,900
More informationPRESENTED BY FCJ Refugee Centre. Supported by Law Foundation s Access to Justice Fund
PRESENTED BY FCJ Refugee Centre Supported by Law Foundation s Access to Justice Fund Historical Look at the Refugee Claims in Canada The numbers or refugee claims remain well within the range of what
More informationAlberta s Demand for Workers is Affecting the Labour Market in BC
Volume 4, Issue 2, April 2014 Alberta s Demand for Workers is Affecting the Labour Market in BC Highlights Through inter-provincial migration, BC has experienced a significant loss of working-age individuals
More informationSupreme Court of Canada
Supreme Court of Canada Statistics - Supreme Court of Canada (2018) ISSN 1193-8536 (Print) ISSN 1918-8358 (Online) Photograph: Philippe Landreville 02. Introduction 04. The Appeal Process in the Supreme
More informationImmigration and Refugee Settlement in Canada: Trends in Public Funding
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY Report Immigration and Refugee Settlement in Canada: Trends in Public Funding Prepared By: Jennifer Braun, University of Alberta Dominique Clément, University of Alberta 25 September
More informationManitoba Immigration Statistics Summary
. 900 213 Notre Dame Avenue Winnipeg Manitoba CANADA R3B 1N3 (204) 945-5066 (telephone) (204) 948-2882 (fax) www.immigratemanitoba.com Manitoba Labour and Immigration Manitoba Immigration Statistics Summary
More informationArticle. Migration: Interprovincial, 2009/2010 and 2010/2011. by Nora Bohnert
Report on the Demographic Situation in Canada Article Migration: Interprovincial, 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 by Nora Bohnert July, 2013 How to obtain more information For information about this product or
More informationPROVINCIAL AND TERRITORIAL BOARDS
Liberal Party of Canada Party By-law 8 PROVINCIAL AND TERRITORIAL BOARDS 1. AUTHORITY 1.1 This By-law is made pursuant to Section 17 of the Constitution of the Liberal Party of Canada (as adopted May 28,
More informationCANADA. Date of Elections: 18 February 1980
CANADA Date of Elections: 18 February 1980 Purpose of Elections Elections were held for all members of the House of Commons. They were called in December 1979 when the Government was defeated on a vote
More informationT E M P O R A R Y R E S I D E N T S I N N E W B R U N S W I C K A N D T H E I R T R A N S I T I O N T O P E R M A N E N T R E S I D E N C Y
T E M P O R A R Y R E S I D E N T S I N N E W B R U N S W I C K A N D T H E I R T R A N S I T I O N T O P E R M A N E N T R E S I D E N C Y PROJECT INFO PROJECT TITLE Temporary Residents in New Brunswick
More informationTech, Culture and Inclusion: The Cultural Access Pass and the Role of Arts and Culture Participation for Canada s Newest Citizens
Tech, Culture and Inclusion: The Cultural Access Pass and the Role of Arts and Culture Participation for Canada s Newest Citizens P2P Conference November 23, 2018 Institute for Canadian Citizenship (ICC)
More informationChinese Immigration to Canada
Chinese Immigration to Canada Lesson Overview: The purpose of this lesson is to encourage students to learn aspects about immigration to Canada. Students are asked to use Statistics Canada s website and
More informationPlace of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration. Reference Guide. Reference Guide. National Household Survey, 2011
Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011008 ISBN: 978-1-100-22200-4 Reference Guide Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide National Household Survey, 2011 How to obtain more information
More informationFor additional copies, contact. Distribution Services Citizenship and Immigration Canada Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1L1 Fax:
For additional copies, contact Distribution Services Citizenship and Immigration Canada Ottawa, Ontario K1A 1L1 Fax: 613-954-2221 Internet: www.cic.gc.ca Minister of Public Works and Government Services
More informationPermanent and temporary immigration to Canada from 2012 to 2014
Catalogue no. 91-209-X ISSN 1718-7788 Permanent and temporary immigration to Canada from 2012 to 2014 by Laurent Martel and Carol D Aoust Release date: July 5, 2016 How to obtain more information For information
More informationHUMAN CAPITAL LAW AND POLICY
VOLUME 7, ISSUE 1, MARCH 17 IMMIGRATION IN BC: A COMPLEX TAPESTRY HIGHLIGHTS Immigration remains a key element in building a skilled workforce in BC and will play an even more significant role in the coming
More informationVision. Immigration Levels Plan july 2017
Vision 2020 Immigration Levels Plan 2018-2020 july 2017 Contents About CISSA-ACSEI................................................................................... 4 Introduction.........................................................................................
More informationcanadian udicial conduct the council canadian council and the role of the Canadian Judicial Council
canadian udicial conduct the council canadian judicial of judges and the role of the council Canadian Judicial Council Canadian Judicial Council Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0W8 Tel.: (613) 288-1566 Fax: (613)
More information1. Where is your company located? Please check all that apply.
Appendix F: Surveys of employers 1. Where is your company located? Please check all that apply. Vancouver British Columbia (outside of Vancouver) Alberta Yukon Northwest Territories Nunavut Saskatchewan
More informationSpecial Report. TD Economics INTERPROVINCIAL MIGRATION: WHERE ARE CANADIANS HEADED? January 27, 2011
HIGHLIGHTS With the economic recovery well under way, 2010 had a significant pickup in interprovincial migration. Roughly 1% of Canadians (337,000) were on the move. This was 45,000 more than in 2009 and
More informationCanadian Federation of Library Associations Fédération canadienne des associations de bibliothèques
Canadian Federation of Library Associations Fédération canadienne des associations de bibliothèques CALL FOR NOMINATIONS To: Manitoba Library Association and Saskatchewan Library Association Michael Shires,
More informationTerritorial Mobility Agreement
i Territorial Mobility Agreement November 2011 FEDERATION OF LAW SOCIETIES OF CANADA November, 2011 Introduction The purpose of this Agreement is to extend the scope of the National Mobility Agreement
More informationPopulation and Immigration Policy
Population and Immigration Policy Roderic Beaujot Muhammad Munib Raza Department of Sociology University of Western Ontario Paper presented at conference on Understanding the Populations of the Past: New
More informationCanada s New Immigration Policies: Fixing the Problems or Creating New Ones?
Canada s New Immigration Policies: Fixing the Problems or Creating New Ones? The Big Picture: Temporary Entrants 8B Frontenac B Canadian Bar Association April 2009 Naomi Alboim Overview of presentation
More informationCONSTITUTION THE LIBERAL PARTY OF CANADA
THE LIBERAL PARTY OF CANADA CONSTITUTION Official version of the Constitution of the Liberal Party of Canada as amended at the 2003 Leadership and Biennial Convention, revised by the Co-Chairs of the Standing
More informationWhat is Confederation?
What is Confederation? Canada was a land divided into four sections before confederation. Before this land could be one, they had to some how come together Maritime Colonies: The first to consider having
More informationNatural increase in Newfoundland and Labrador, 2003 to 2011
Appendix Demographic Data on Newfoundland and Labrador Natural increase in Newfoundland and Labrador, 23 to 211 3/ 4 4/ 5 5/ 6 6/ 7 7/ 8 8/ 9 9/ 1 1/ 11 11/ 12 Births 4598 4543 4526 4495 4664 4925 4945
More informationChapter 5 - Canada s Immigration Laws and Policies By: Jacklyn Kirk
Chapter 5 - Canada s Immigration Laws and Policies By: Jacklyn Kirk 1. What is immigration? -Immigration is the introduction of new people into a habitat or population. 2. What are refugees? -Refugees
More informationResults of Constitutional Session
Results of Constitutional Session A: Elimination of Double Vote Defeated B: Officers Passed C: Permanent Appeals (amended) Passed D: National VP Passed E: Translation of Constitution Passed F: Disallowance
More informationSIPP Briefing Note. Final Destination or a Stopover: Attracting Immigrants to Saskatchewan by Pavel Peykov
The Saskatchewan Institute of Public Policy Issue 7, May 2004 Saskatchewan Institute of Public Policy University of Regina, College Avenue Campus Gallery Building, 2nd Floor Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2
More informationFact sheet ANSWER: August 2012
August 2012 QUESTION: How has the number of immigrants planning to work 1 as dietitians and nutritionists in Canada changed between 1980 and 2009? What is the profile (gender, class of immigration, education,
More informationJudges Act J-1 SHORT TITLE INTERPRETATION. "age of retirement" of a judge means the age, fixed by law, at which the judge ceases to hold office;
Page 1 of 49 Judges Act ( R.S., 1985, c. J-1 ) Disclaimer: These documents are not the official versions (more). Act current to December 29th, 2008 Attention: See coming into force provision and notes,
More informationLongitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB)
Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB) www.statcan.gc.ca Telling Canada s story in numbers Tristan Cayn November 16, 2017 Overview What is the Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB)? Background Linkage
More information2001 Census: analysis series
Catalogue no. 96F0030XIE2001006 2001 Census: analysis series Profile of the Canadian population by mobility status: Canada, a nation on the move This document provides detailed analysis of the 2001 Census
More informationDear Review Panel, Carmelle Mulaire President Manitoba Council for International Education (MCIE)
From: Shelley Cure Sent: Monday, November 5, 2018 10:45 AM To: Engages-Mobilisation (WD/DEO) Cc: Carmelle Mulaire ; Gary
More informationAtlantic Provinces. Deciduous forests. Smallest region-5% of Canada s land and 8% of its people.
Canada Chapter 8 Canada s Regions Canada s 10 provinces and 3 territories are divided into 5 regions based on physical features, culture, and economy. Regions are more distinct than those in the US. -Smaller
More informationBuilding a Fast and Flexible Immigration System. Canada-China Human Capital Dialogue November 28, 2012
Building a Fast and Flexible Immigration System Canada-China Human Capital Dialogue November 28, 2012 Overview of the Presentation 1. Immigration, the Government s agenda and Canada s future 2. An overview
More informationImmigration in Nova Scotia A Report of the Halifax Chamber of Commerce
Immigration in Nova Scotia A Report of the Halifax Chamber of Commerce July 2004 INTRODUCTION In September 2000, the Halifax Chamber of Commerce published a discussion paper on immigration, recommending
More informationIMMIGRATION Canada. Study Permit. Lima Visa Office Instructions. Table of Contents IMM 5833 E ( )
IMMIGRATION Canada Table of Contents Document Checklist Study Permit Study Permit Lima Visa Office Instructions This application is made available free by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada and
More informationCanada at 150 and the road ahead A view from Census 2016
Canada at 150 and the road ahead A view from Census 2016 Dr. Doug Norris Senior Vice President and Chief Demographer 2017 Environics Analytics User Conference November 8, 2017 Canada continues to lead
More informationDalhousie University Alumni Association By-Laws
Dalhousie University Alumni Association By-Laws 1) Name 1.0 The name of the Association, the Dalhousie Alumni Association, is hereinafter referred to as the Association. 1.1 The office of the Association
More informationRETAINING IMMIGRANTS IN RURAL COMMUNITIES WEBINAR BRIEFING
RETAINING IMMIGRANTS IN RURAL COMMUNITIES WEBINAR BRIEFING May 23, 2012 Centre for Remote and Rural Studies, University of Highlands and Islands The UHI Centre for Remote and Rural Studies as part of the
More informationThe Liberal Party of Canada. Constitution
The Liberal Party of Canada Constitution As adopted and amended at the Biennial Convention on November 30 and December 1, 2006, further amended at the Biennial Convention in Vancouver on May 2, 2009, and
More informationFill in the Blanks Use your study sheet to find the correct answers.
Canada Homework 1 Fill in the Blanks Use your study sheet to find the correct answers. Canada is the world s s largest nation. Only R has more l. Canada is a vast land with many attributes. The nation
More informationImmigrating to Canada. Emily L. Racine May 18, 2017
Immigrating to Canada Emily L. Racine May 18, 2017 Types of Status in Canada 1. Temporary Resident Status 2. Permanent Resident Status 3. Citizenship Temporary Resident Status There are 3 types of Temporary
More informationCanada through the Social Studies Lenses Parts I and II
Canada through the Social Studies Lenses Parts I and II I. Thinking like a Geographer: What is the geography of Canada? What are Canada s natural resources? Source A: Watch this video clip and answer the
More informationChapter 12. The study of population numbers, distribution, trends, and issues.
Chapter 12 Population Challenges Demography: The study of population numbers, distribution, trends, and issues. Population Statistics for October, 2004, Land Area (Square Km.) And Population Density Canada
More informationOUR UNREPRESENTATIVE PARLIAMENT
A OUR UNREPRESENTATIVE PARLIAMENT GEORGE H AMBLETON* COUPLE of mim.eographed sheets recently issued by the Chief Electoral Officer for Canada ca.st a disturbing light on our method of electing me~ber8
More informationO, Canada! O, Canada!
National Anthem O, Canada! O, Canada! Our home and native land! True patriot love in all thy sons command. With glowing hearts we see thee rise, The True North strong and free! From far and wide, O, Canada,
More informationA By-law relating generally to the business and affairs of ENGINEERS CANADA
A By-law relating generally to the business and affairs of ENGINEERS CANADA BE IT ENACTED as a By-law of Engineers Canada as follows: 1 INTERPRETATION 1.1 Definitions All terms contained herein and which
More informationCANADA. Date of Elections: July 8, Purpose of Elections
CANADA Date of Elections: July 8, 1974 Purpose of Elections Elections were held for all the members of the House of Commons, whose terms of office came prematurely to an end on May 9, 1974. Previous federal
More informationJuristat Article. The changing profile of adults in custody, 2006/2007. by Avani Babooram
Component of Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 85-002-X Juristat Juristat Article The changing profile of adults in custody, 2007 by Avani Babooram December 2008 Vol. 28, no. 10 How to obtain more information
More informationProvincial and Territorial Culture Indicators, 2010 to 2014
Catalogue no. 13-604-M ISBN 978-0-660-04937-3 Income and Expenditure Accounts Technical Series Provincial and Territorial Culture Indicators, 2010 to 2014 by Eric Desjardins Release date: May 11, 2016
More informationSASKATCHEWAN STATISTICAL IMMIGRATION REPORT 2009 to Ministry of the Economy
SASKATCHEWAN STATISTICAL IMMIGRATION REPORT 2009 to 2011 Ministry of the Economy Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Table of Figures 3 Data Set 4 Immigration to Canada 7 Immigration to Saskatchewan
More informationNew Brunswick Population Snapshot
New Brunswick Population Snapshot 1 Project Info Project Title POPULATION DYNAMICS FOR SMALL AREAS AND RURAL COMMUNITIES Principle Investigator Paul Peters, Departments of Sociology and Economics, University
More information2016 EXPRESS ENTRY CHANGES
1 April 27, 2017 - The Canada Express Entry immigration system moved through many gears in 2016, as the federal government invited nearly 34,000 candidates to apply for Canada immigration. The Express
More informationImpact of Immigration on Canada s Digital Economy
Impact of Immigration on Canada s Digital Economy Regional Outlook: This study is an ICTC initiative to analyze the labour market outcomes of immigrants in the ICT labour force in Canada, with particular
More informationUpdates on Private Sponsorship
Updates on Private Sponsorship Said Nixon Bangura National Trainer (Sarnia May 3,2017) UNHCR Agenda Updates on flow of refugees to Canada - A national perspective Changes to the Private Sponsorship of
More informationOverview of Federal- Provincial Relations in Immigration and Integration
Overview of Federal- Provincial Relations in Immigration and Integration by Robert Vineberg at the FORUM OF FEDERATIONS AND THE MOWAT CENTRE CONFERENCE: IMMIGRANT INTEGRATION AND CANADIAN FEDERALISM: EXPLORING
More informationA By-law relating generally to the business and affairs of ENGINEERS CANADA
A By-law relating generally to the business and affairs of ENGINEERS CANADA BE IT ENACTED as a By-law of Engineers Canada as follows: 1 INTERPRETATION 1.1 Definitions All terms contained herein and which
More informationTuques, Two-Fours, and Tourtieres: Things You (Probably) Didn t Know About Canada, Eh? Week 2: Politics & Culture. Danny Szpiro Marist College
Tuques, Two-Fours, and Tourtieres: Things You (Probably) Didn t Know About Canada, Eh? Week 2: Politics & Culture Danny Szpiro Marist College Course Overview Goals Mine: share some interesting information
More informationCanadian Immigration & Investment Consulting Corporation
Canadian Immigration & Investment Consulting Corporation How to Immigrate to Canada as a Business Investor or Start Up Visa for New Business First Canadian Place 100 King Street W., Suite 5700 Toronto,
More informationOBSERVATION. TD Economics A DEMOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW OF ABORIGINAL PEOPLES IN CANADA
OBSERVATION TD Economics May 1, 213 A DEMOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW OF ABORIGINAL PEOPLES IN CANADA Highlights New data from the National Household Survey (NHS) show that just over 1.4 million people identified
More informationMAY 2013 This presentation was made possible by the generosity of
MAY 2013 This presentation was made possible by the generosity of FCJ REFUGEE CENTRE. 416-469-9754 www.fcjrefugeecentre.org FCJ REFUGEE CENTRE 208 OAKWOOD AVE. TORONTO, ON 1 Definitions of Minor United
More informationUpdate on CIC International Student Initiatives. CBIE Conference Calgary, October 21, 2010
Update on CIC International Student Initiatives CBIE Conference Calgary, October 21, 2010 Purpose To provide an update on recent initiatives related to international students, including: Trends on international
More informationYouth Criminal Justice in Canada: A compendium of statistics
Youth Criminal Justice in Canada: A compendium of statistics Research and Statistics Division and Policy Implementation Directorate Department of Justice Canada 216 Information contained in this publication
More informationSELECTED TOPICS ON IMMIGRATION: How to Obtain Permission to Work in Canada, Changes to the Independent Category and Investor Category
SELECTED TOPICS ON IMMIGRATION: How to Obtain Permission to Work in Canada, Changes to the Independent Category and Investor Category Prepared by Ian Epstein, Suzanne Bailey and Felix Semberov These Materials
More informationChanging our ways: Why and how Canadians use the Internet
Changing our ways: Why and how Canadians use the Internet By Heather Dryburgh Introduction Canadian households are increasingly buying home computers and connecting to the Internet (Dickinson & Ellison,
More informationAddressing Social Needs of Temporary Foreign Workers & Provincial Nominees in Rural Manitoban Communities
Addressing Social Needs of Temporary Foreign Workers & Provincial Nominees in Rural Manitoban Communities Presented by Jill Bucklaschuk, Rural Development Institute Ray Silvius, Carleton University 1 Presentation
More informationSocioeconomic Profiles of Immigrants in the Four Atlantic provinces - Phase II: Focus on Vibrant Communities
Socioeconomic Profiles of Immigrants in the Four Atlantic provinces - Phase II: Focus on Vibrant Communities Ather H. Akbari Saint Mary s University, Halifax Wimal Rankaduwa University of Prince Edward
More informationProfile of Canada s International Student Movement: From Temporary to Permanent Residents. Pathways to Prosperity April 20 th, 2018 Vancouver, BC
Profile of Canada s International Student Movement: From Temporary to Permanent Residents Pathways to Prosperity April 20 th, 2018 Vancouver, BC Purpose Take stock of IRCC s approach to international students
More informationSOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES OF IMMIGRANTS IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND
SOCIOECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES OF IMMIGRANTS IN PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND by Ather H. Akbari *, Scott Lynch **, James Ted McDonald +, and Wimal Rankaduwa # December, 2007 * Department of Economics,
More informationTO : THE JUDICIAL COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS COMMISSION 2007
TO : THE JUDICIAL COMPENSATION AND BENEFITS COMMISSION 2007 COMMENTS WITH RESPECT TO DOCUMENTS RECEIVED BY THE COMMISSION REGARDING THE SUBMISSION FOR A SALARY DIFFERENTIAL FOR JUDGES OF COURTS OF APPEAL
More informationAboriginal Youth, Education, and Labour Market Outcomes 1
13 Aboriginal Youth, Education, and Labour Market Outcomes 1 Jeremy Hull Introduction Recently, there have been many concerns raised in Canada about labour market shortages and the aging of the labour
More informationINTRODUCTION...1 CANADIAN DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS...1
INMATE VOTING RIGHTS THE JOHN HOWARD SOCIETY OF ALBERTA 1999 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The democratic right to vote is guaranteed to Canadian citizens by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Incarcerated
More informationSTRENGTHENING RURAL CANADA: Fewer & Older: Population and Demographic Challenges Across Rural Canada A Pan-Canadian Report
STRENGTHENING RURAL CANADA: Fewer & Older: Population and Demographic Challenges Across Rural Canada A Pan-Canadian Report This paper has been prepared for the Strengthening Rural Canada initiative by:
More informationPEl Government Introduces Long-Awaited Lobbying Law - Strong Enforcement, but Many Gaps. Includes rare exemption for lawyers who lobby
..f:!:lsk~~,m~f(lne~~id~mtj'i~ii~ LLP I?arrlst.erlf and Sqlicitdrs. P~terit and tradii.~fii:
More informationImpact timeline visually demonstrating the sequence and span of related events and show the impact of these events
targeted adaptable Primary Intermediate Middle Senior 4 4 4 Impact timeline visually demonstrating the sequence and span of related events and show the impact of these events Learning outcomes identify
More informationUNISON Scotland consultation response. Westminster - Scottish Affairs Committee Does UK immigration policy meet Scotland s needs?
UNISON Scotland consultation response. Westminster - Scottish Affairs Committee Does UK immigration policy meet Scotland s needs? Introduction UNISON Scotland is the largest trade union representing members
More informationSASKATCHEWAN STATISTICAL IMMIGRATION REPORT 2008
SASKATCHEWAN STATISTICAL IMMIGRATION REPORT 2008 Ministry of Advanced Education, Employment and Labour Immigration Services Division Table of Contents Overview of Immigration to Saskatchewan... 1 Immigration
More informationNORTHEASTERN SECTION BYLAWS Established by Council on April 3, ARTICLE I Name and Organization
Revised 6 May 2016 NORTHEASTERN SECTION BYLAWS Established by Council on April 3, 1965 ARTICLE I Name and Organization 1. The name of the section is the Northeastern Section of The Geological Society of
More informationThe Chinese Community in Canada
Catalogue no. 89-621-XIE No. 001 ISSN: 1719-7376 ISBN: 0-662-43444-7 Analytical Paper Profiles of Ethnic Communities in Canada The Chinese Community in Canada 2001 by Colin Lindsay Social and Aboriginal
More informationCANADIAN DATA SHEET CANADA TOTAL POPULATION:33,476,688 ABORIGINAL:1,400,685 POPULATION THE ABORIGINAL PEOPLE S SURVEY (APS) ABORIGINAL POPULATION 32%
CANADA TOTAL POPULATION:33,476,688 ABORIGINAL:1,400,685 THE ABORIGINAL PEOPLE S SURVEY (APS) The 2012 Aboriginal Peoples Survey (APS) is a national survey of First Nations, Métis and Inuit people living
More informationDemographic and Economic Trends and Issues Canada, Ontario and the GTA
Demographic and Economic Trends and Issues Canada, Ontario and the GTA Presented by Tom McCormack The Centre for Spatial Economics www.c4se.com Presented to Professional Marketing Research Society Toronto
More informationDoes It Pay to Migrate? The Canadian Evidence
Canadian Studies in Population, Vol. 35.1, 2008, pp. 103-117 Does It Pay to Migrate? The Canadian Evidence Y. Edward Shin Bali Ram Demography Division Statistics Canada Ottawa, Canada edward.shin@statcan.ca
More informationAnnual Report on Official Languages
Annual Report on Official Languages 2010-11 Annual Report on Official Languages 2010-11 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the President of the Treasury Board, 2011 Catalogue No.
More informationMade by the AGM June 17, 2006; Ministerial approval effective July 18, 2006
GENERAL BY-LAWS OF THE CANADIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY (the "Society") Made by the AGM June 17, 2006; Ministerial approval effective July 18, 2006 PREAMBLE WHEREAS The Canadian Red Cross Society (the "Society")
More informationManitoba Immigration Facts 2014 Statistical Report
Manitoba Immigration Facts 2014 Statistical Report A message from the Minister I am pleased to present the 2014 Manitoba Immigration Facts report highlighting Manitoba s continued commitment to attracting,
More informationDEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC STATISTICS
DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC STATISTICS ABOUT IMMIGRATION IN SASKATCHEWAN Prepared for the: Association for Financial Professionals Regina March 17, 2016 Doug Elliott Sask Trends Monitor 444 19th Avenue Regina,
More informationNational Report: Canada
Migrant workers: precarious and unsupported National Report: Canada Executive Summary The federal government funds newcomer settlement services across the country, but migrant workers in the two federal
More informationIntroductory Guide to Civil Litigation in Ontario
Introductory Guide to Civil Litigation in Ontario Table of Contents INTRODUCTION This guide contains an overview of the Canadian legal system and court structure as well as key procedural and substantive
More informationMIGRATION BY THE NUMBERS ONEDC MIGRATION PRESENTATION 6 OCTOBER, SUDBURY CHARLES CIRTWILL, PRESIDENT & CEO, NORTHERN POLICY INSTITUTE
MIGRATION BY THE NUMBERS ONEDC MIGRATION PRESENTATION 6 OCTOBER, 216. SUDBURY CHARLES CIRTWILL, PRESIDENT & CEO, NORTHERN POLICY INSTITUTE Northern Ontario s Immigration Trends in Context 2 Ontario Immigration
More informationSkills shortage in the context of an aging workforce
May 2006 Skills shortage in the context of an aging workforce The Atlantic Provinces Handbook CONTENTS Preface Demographics Migration and Labour Mobility Immigration Skills Development and Training Conclusion
More information