20 th /Raffel The Vietnam War: Containment Leads to Disaster About this Assignment: The Vietnam war was one of the most controversial wars in

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20 th /Raffel The Vietnam War: Containment Leads to Disaster About this Assignment: The Vietnam war was one of the most controversial wars in American history.

1 20 th /Raffel The Vietnam War: Containment Leads to Disaster About this Assignment: The Vietnam war was one of the most controversial wars in American history. In retrospect, there were many missed opportunities for the U.S. to avoid this conflict. After President Kennedy s assassination in 1963, President Lyndon Johnson chose to escalate U.S. involvement in this conflict with disastrous results. The manner in which President Nixon got the U.S. out of the war was equally controversial. Directions for completing this assignment: (1). Skim the textbook and the timeline; (2). Record the information for your event (see unit syllabus) and (3). Read the short-related readings (which have separate links) and fill in the appropriate information on the timeline. Everyone is responsible for questions 1 and 4. The following pages in your textbook should also be helpful: 1. Vietnam/1950s: pages Vietnam/1960s: pages Vietnam/1970s: pages

2 U.S. Cold War Policy Created & Applied to Vietnam Key Vietnam Event & Date: Significance: 1. Vietnamese Declaration of Independence (1945) Why did Ho Chi Minh use the American Declaration of Independence as a model for Vietnam s Declaration? (EVERYONE) 2. Dien Bien Phu (1954) (textbook, ) 3. Geneva Conference & Accords ( ) (1) What did the Geneva Accords do? (2) Why did the U.S. oppose them? (textbook, ) 4. Domino Theory (1954) Explain what Eisenhower meant by the term and how it contributed to U.S. policy in Vietnam (EVERYONE) (website)

3 Expanded U.S. Presence in Vietnam Key Vietnam Event & Date: Significance: 5. Creation of the Ho Chi Minh Trail (1959) (map, 959) (website) 6. Creation of the Vietcong (1960) (website) 7. Expansion of the Green Berets and Special Forces ( ) President Kennedy sought to expand the capability of the U.S. military to fight a guerrilla army. During his administration, the Green Berets would expand their ranks by four additional Groups on active duty and four new groups in the National Guard and Army Reserve. Already active overseas, Green Berets were soon deployed to an even greater number of countries and in greater strength across the globe including to Vietnam. (Source: JFK Presidential Library)

4 No Turning Back: U.S. Declares War & Sends in Troops Key Vietnam Event & Date: Significance: 8. Buddhist Monk Protest (1963) (textbook, ) 9. Diem Coup (1963) (textbook, 961) 10. Gulf of Tonkin Incident & Resolution (1964) (textbook, 961) (website) 11. Start of Operation Rolling Thunder (February 1965) (textbook, 961)

5 12. Marines Arrive at Danang (1965) The first American combat troops, the 9th Marine Expeditionary Brigade, arrive in Vietnam in March to defend the US airfield at Danang. Scattered Vietcong gunfire is reported, but no Marines are injured. Early 1965: 25,000 U.S. troops in Vietnam End of 1965: 184,000 U.S. troops in Vietnam 13. Vietnam War Teachins (1965) (textbook, 963) : Escalation & Opposition 1966: 385,000 U.S. troops in Vietnam 1967: 485,000 U.S. troops in Vietnam 1968: 543,000 U.S. troops in Vietnam Key Vietnam Event & Date: Significance: 14. Tet Offensive (1968) (textbook, 963) 15. My Lai Massacre (1968) (textbook, 984)

16. Fate of LBJ (1968) (textbook, 967) 1969-1975: Vietnamization, Protest & Defeat Key Vietnam Event & Date: Significance: 17. Vietnamization (1969) (textbook, 981) 18.

6 16. Fate of LBJ (1968) (textbook, 967) : Vietnamization, Protest & Defeat Key Vietnam Event & Date: Significance: 17. Vietnamization (1969) (textbook, 981) 18. Invasion of Cambodia (1969) (textbook, 981) My fellow Americans, we live in an age of anarchy, both abroad and at home. We see mindless attacks on all the great institutions which have been created by free civilizations in the last 500 years. Even here in the United States, great universities are being systematically destroyed. Small nations all over the world find themselves under attack from within and from without. If, when the chips are down, the world's most powerful nation, the United States of America, acts like a pitiful, helpless giant, the forces of totalitarianism and anarchy will threaten free nations and free institutions throughout the world. 1972: 39,000 U.S. troops in Vietnam 19. Paris Peace Talks (1973) (textbook, )

7 Buddhist Monk Protest, A. Events leading up to the picture: 20B. Significance of the event/your reaction to the photo:

Death of a Viet Cong Suspect During the Tet Offensive 1968 21A. Events leading up to the picture: 21B.

8 Death of a Viet Cong Suspect During the Tet Offensive A. Events leading up to the picture: 21B. Significance of the event/your reaction to the photo: More About the Eddie Adams Saigon Execution Photo

9 Kent State Protests: May 4, A. Events leading up to the picture: 22B. Significance/Your reaction to the Photo:

U.S. Evacuation in Saigon: April 29, 1975 23A.

10 U.S. Evacuation in Saigon: April 29, A. Events leading up to the picture: 23B. Significance/Your reaction to the Photo:

Ended French rule in Indo-China

Ended French rule in Indo-China Vietnam Review Dien Bien Phu in 1954 the main French forces were surrounded at this location in the north of Vietnam and forced to surrender. This was a turning point in that it ended the French control