TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE CALL FOR TENDERS

Transcription

1 Reference: ACPOBS/2011/ 010 November 2011 Internal Migration, Urbanization and Health in Angola TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR THE CALL FOR TENDERS For undertaking research commissioned by the ACP Observatory on Migration ACP Observatory on Migration 20, rue Belliardstraat (7th floor) 1040 Brussels Tel: +32 (0) Fax: +32 (0) An ACP Secretariat initiative, implemented by IOM, funded by the European Union and with the financial support of Switzerland 1035 Facility

2 SUMMARY A key objective for governments in the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries is how to effectively integrate human mobility into national and regional development plans and poverty reduction strategies. The lack of concrete and reliable evidence on the interrelationships between migration and development limits the global understanding of migration opportunities and impedes efforts to address challenges facing ACP countries. The role of migrants as development agents for the ACP countries should be scrutinized to respond to the unmet and achievable needs and enhance the efficiency of such contribution. The ACP Observatory on Migration (hereafter ACP Observatory) will lead groundbreaking South-South studies and research and disseminate the findings to fill the gaps. The planned study aims to contribute to the knowledge of internal migration patterns and its links to urbanization and health in addition to the improvement of the programmatic and policy framework on internal migration management in Angola. A particular focus will be put on the human development dimension. The research on internal migration and human development and its links to urban planning and health would not only consider the impact of migrants on urban areas. With the assistance of the School of Economics and Management (ISEG hereafter), Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal, the ACP Observatory on Migration will commission and coordinate a study on internal mobility, urbanization and its impacts on access to basic services, such as health, in Angola, in accordance with its research plan. A researcher or research team will be selected through a Call for Tenders to undertake the research activities. The approach will be mostly similar to the pilot approach in the studies on internal migration in Nigeria and Timor-Leste to be conducted under the ACP Observatory s activities. The result will be a comprehensive report on the main characteristics of internal migration and urbanization, highlighting key challenges and critical aspects, such as access to basic social services, to consider for planning in the near future. Based on available data and a desk review and stakeholder interviews, an overview of internal migration patterns mainly to urban areas will be produced, including geographical maps illustrating main flows and highlighting challenges which serve as input to future internal migration and urban planning management. In addition, the report will consist in a set of key recommendations suggesting policy interventions which will enhance the positive impacts of internal migration and reduce its negative impacts. The recommendations will be disseminated, discussed and endorsed by the national forum, established by the intra-acp Migration Facility and replacing the former National Consultative Committee (NCC). The ACP Observatory will provide technical support and allocate funds to deliver this result. This activity is expected to last at a maximum 7 months, starting in January 2012.

3 1.0 Background and Justification 1) The Situation or Problem to be Addressed During more than two decades of post-independence armed conflict ( ), Angola was mainly characterized by internal rural urban migration (especially to the capital city Luanda), internal displacements, and cross-border refugee outflows. Since the end of the war in 2002, in a context of peace and economic growth, migration trends increasingly include labour migrants looking for employment and self-employment in Angola (i.e. in the diamond fields), asylum-seekers, irregular migrants and trafficking in persons to Angola (IOM, 2010) as well as a significant number of IDPs and refugees voluntarily returning home. Decades of civil war have left the country with insufficient reliable data sources and significant data gaps. Similarly, institutional capacities to collect and analyse data for more evidence-based policy-making need to be strengthened, in particular in relation to internal migrants moving towards urban centres. There are also a limited number of recent studies, mostly conducted by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) or the Southern African Migration Project (SAMP). While few accurate or official data on migration is available in the public domain, existing data is often incomplete, not analysed and often not disaggregated by age, gender or level of qualification. These difficulties limit and challenge the understanding of national migration trends and flows and may inhibit a comprehensive understanding of the Migration and Development relationships when using the available information for analysis and development of policy recommendations. As more than half of the population is considered to live in urban areas in Angola (UN, 2009), and is highly concentrated in the capital Luanda, living conditions in certain urban areas are rapidly declining, especially in what concerns access to water, sanitation and health, despite the prospects of continuously growing urbanization and despite a growing economy. Research on internal migration trends to urban areas, urbanization planning and health is thus vital in order to ensure Angolans, in particularly the newly arrived returned refugees, to live their lives in dignity. 2) The Target Group Direct and indirect beneficiaries of the project will be the Government of Angola, migrants, households in Angola with one or more internal migrant(s), communities affected by migration, and government officials representing institutions in Angola mandated with national data collection and/or other relevant partners, NGOs, national research organizations and persons, and academic institutes dealing with migration issues. 3) Rationale The Secretariat of the ACP Group of States acknowledges that mobility contributes to improving people s capabilities and to expanding individual choices for achievement of better life standards through poverty reduction and improvement of education and health. It has recommended that policy and institutional coherence can be achieved by creating an overarching global consensus on mobility that views the phenomenon as a livelihood strategy. The main objective is to create a human mobility framework in which the benefits of South-South mobility outweigh the costs. Mobility can achieve its full potential for development if some prerequisites related to fundamental freedoms of human beings are fulfilled, including those related to freedom of movement (Gallina, 2010). Considering these recommendations, researching the impact of Migration on Human Development is becoming a core objective for the ACP Observatory on Migration. To ensure the assessment, monitoring and follow up of such impacts, the ACP Observatory will commission the conduct of empirically-based studies building on existing and new research and findings on the migration and development nexus. The final objective is to shape evidence-based policies capable of harnessing the potential contribution of migration to development. Moreover, the ACP Observatory has been mandated to produce accurate, reliable and harmonized data and information on ACP migration. It aims also to enhance capacity building of policy-makers, civil society actors and research groups and individuals in ACP countries in order to improve migration knowledge, migrants situation and strengthen the migration-development nexus.

4 In 2010, the Observatory conducted a study involving desk research to develop an overview on South-South migration, development trends and research needs in Angola (subsequently endorsed by the ACP Secretariat). Until 2013, the ACP Observatory will implement different research studies and training activities as a response to existing data gaps and lack of institutional capacity. The proposed study will be carried out under the lead of ISEG, who is a Consortium partner of the ACP Observatory. The ACP Observatory will commission the study in close coordination with ISEG. Research organizations and/or individuals will be supported by the ACP Observatory to carry out a study on the links between internal migration, urbanization and health in Angola and the adequateness of the Government of Angola s existing policy frameworks related to internal mobility. 2.0 Project Description 1) Strategy The ACP Observatory on Migration aims at enhancing existing migration data by triangulating it with new information obtained through field research, facilitating the exchange of expertise and research results at national and regional level, and developing training modules for government officials and its partners to support process and maximize the use of the obtained policy-oriented information. In Angola, one of the main challenges faced by policymakers and academic institutions in relation to migration is the general lack of research on the migration-development link and the poor quality of the existing data. There are also only few experts dedicated to comprehensive migration research. Moreover, there is a general pressing need to strengthen the relationship between researchers and policy makers for evidence-based policymaking. Considering that migration research and the issue of mainstreaming migration into development planning are becoming increasingly important, the proposed study would be a starting point for strengthening such a relationship. A key objective for governments in the ACP countries is how to effectively integrate human mobility into national and regional development plans and poverty reduction strategies. The lack of concrete and reliable evidence on migration and on the interrelationships between migration and development limit the global understanding of migration opportunities and impedes efforts to address challenges facing ACP countries, including Angola. The role of some categories of migrants as development agents should be scrutinized to respond to the unmet and achievable needs and enhance the efficiency of such contribution. Considering these gaps, ISEG, in collaboration with the ACP Observatory, will lead the empirical South- South study in Angola and disseminate the findings for replication in ACP and other interested countries. The research approach will consist of an assessment of the links between internal migration, urbanization and health in Angola through a review of literature and other existing information sources and interviews of key stakeholders. 2) Project Partners/Institutional Framework The main partner for the implementation of the proposed research is ISEG at the Technical University of Lisbon who will work in collaboration with research institutions or researchers yet to be identified through a Call for Tenders. ISEG will coordinate the study scientifically and train the selected researcher(s). The ACP Observatory will backstop the research work. According to the objectives of the ACP Observatory, a significant focus of these studies will be to build research capacity in the targeted countries. This will be done primarily through the commissioning of the study to be led by academic(s), and supported and coached by mentors, in this case ISEG, within a twinning approach. These efforts will be particularly valuable because migration issues have often not been a focus in the ACP countries and, consequently, there is much to be gained from working to build research capacity in this area and learning from the research on internal migration in Nigeria and Timor-Leste. 4

5 The national forum to be established in the framework of the intra-acp Migration Facility, of which the ACP Observatory is one component, the ACP Observatory and the Academic Advisory Board (AAB) will be consulted throughout the whole research period and are responsible for the final endorsement of the study. The Government of Angola will participate and be consulted in the meetings of the national forum of the intra-acp Migration Facility. 3) Expertise and Experience The ACP Observatory, in close coordination with ISEG, will commission a research team (to be identified through a Call for Tenders). ISEG has been selected among the Consortium members on the basis of its strong expertise (both in terms of quantitative and qualitative research) in the mentioned thematic areas and its extensive knowledge on migration patterns in Angola. The researcher/research team will consist of expert(s) familiar with internal migration patterns in Angola and the links to urbanization and health. 3.0 Overall Objective The overall objective of this study is to contribute to the improvement of the programmatic and policy framework on internal migration patterns in Angola with a specific focus on urban planning and migration health related issues at the micro, meso and macro-levels. 4.0 Project Purposes The project purposes include: a) To propose a short- and long-term internal migration policy strategy to promote more evidencebased and coherent urban planning programmes, taking into consideration health-related issues such as access to basic social services (food, housing, health, water, sanitation and education), and endorsed by key Government officials in concerned Ministries. b) Map and analyse internal migration patterns in Angola, identify their interests and characteristics and types of engagement and contribution to human development efforts in Angola; c) To increase the capacity of national partners to contribute to specific migration research actions including but not limited to the actions of the ACP Observatory on Migration. d) Foster a learning process on research on internal migration as part of the the overarching research on migration and development nexus and a valuable tool for policymakers in designing development programmes and plans. 5.0 Expected Results The expected tangible results in relation to the objectives stated above are as follows: a) A comprehensive report of pages in Portuguese on the main characteristics of internal migration, highlighting key challenges and critical aspects (access to basic social services, in particular health-related issues) to consider for urban planning in near future; and indicating recommendations how to foster the economic and social contribution of migrants to both home and destination communities disseminated, discussed and endorsed by the National Forum; b) A training session to engage and guide the selected researcher or research team carrying out the proposed research activties, building indirectly research capacities; c) Capacities of a research team to undertake studies on internal migration increased, based on the study carried out and an assessment of the existing legal framework, policies and programmes regulating internal mobility in Angola; d) A policy brief building upon the findings of the study on the patterns and contributions of internal migrants which can serve as a discussion note at future meetings and workshops on this topic, providing visibility to this assessment; e) Launch event to be held in Angola presenting the final report and policy brief to the general public. 5

6 6.0 Expected Activities a) Present the study on internal migration in a meeting of the national forum of the intra-acp Migration Facility (of which the ACP Observatory is one component) in Luanda, Angola, and incorporate any feedback received; b) Conduct of a desk review and stakeholder interviews by the research team selected through a Call for Tenders to produce an overview of internal migration patterns to urban areas, including geographical maps illustrating main challenges which serve as input to future urban planning; c) Attend a training conducted by ISEG, Portugal, in Luanda, Angola; d) Present the study on internal migration in a meeting of the national forum to discuss the preliminary findings and to integrate any feedback received in the final report; e) Subsequent finalization of the study and endorsement by the national forum in Luanda, Angola. 7.0 Budget Outline ISEG - led study in Angola REIMBURSABLE COSTS IN EUROS Study Study by research team, including salaries of researchers for stakeholder interviews, and writing of final report and policy brief; interview transcripts, translation and interpretation if needed, and travel. Research team 1 MAXIMUM TOTAL OF REIMBURSABLE COSTS 28, Tentative Timeline Internal migration, urbanization and health in Angola ACTIVITY Nov Dec Jan TIMEFRAME (Months 11/2011 to 6/2012) Feb March 2012 April 2012 May 2012 June 2012 RESPONSIBLE PARTY 1 Call for tenders (CfTs 2 Training of research team 3 Desk review and stakeholder interviews Data analysis 4 Preparation of report 5 Finalization of report and publication IOM Angola, ACP Observatory and ISEG ISEG (if applicable) Research Team Research Team Research Team, ACP Observatory and ISEG 6