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1 Page 1 Monthly Report Of KSDC Community Based Organisations activities and situation within Karenni State from October 2013 Researched and written by Mi Reh, Min Nge and Thyar Ma. Contents Part 1 1.1) Introduction 1.2) Summary 1.3) Objectives Part 2 2.1) A history of CBOs inside Karenni State A) Karenni Social Welfare and Development Center B) Karenni literacy C) Karenni National Mobile Health Committee or Civil Heath and Development Network D) Karenni Evergreen E) Karenni Education Department F) Karenni National Women Organisation G) Karenni National Youth Organisation Part Visions of CBOs A) Karenni Social Welfare and Development Center B) Karenni Literacy C) Civil Health and Development Network D) Karenni Education Department E) Karenni Evergreen F) Karenni National Youth Organisation

2 Issue 1 Page Objectives of CBOs A) Karenni Social Welfare AND Development Center B) Karenni Literacy C) Karenni Evergreen D) Karenni National Youth Organisation E) Karenni Education Department Part Activities of CBOs A) Mine Risk Education B) Community Development C) Karenni Literacy D) Karenni National Women s Organisation E) Karenni Education Department F) Karenni National Youth Organisation G) Karenni National Mobile Health Committee 4.2 Implementation of CBOs in Karenni State A) Karenni National Mobile Health Committee B) Karenni EverGreen Part Acknowledgements 5.2 Conclusions Map of Karenni State 5.3 Interview methodology Part Recommendations 6.2 Acronyms 6.3 List of Interviewees

3 Page 3 Monthly Report Of KSDC Part 1 Introduction We are SDC students in Karenni Refugee Camp 1. We have worked together to research and collect information about this issue. Every October, all of the students at SDC school research and write reports. We use phones, cameras, pens, paper and notebooks to collect information. After we have collected information, we need to organise it and produce a report. For , there was a ceasefire in Karenni State. However, the CBOs inside Karenni State have faced implementation problems. Members of CBOs run activities inside Karenni State. We interviewed coordinators, secretaries and staff. During the ceasefire, these CBO members have been campaigning and training about human rights and the environment to improve the knowledge of Karenni citizens. For a long time, they were unable to do these trainings. The CBOs want to help our community to develop for their future. Our community wants to know about their rights and duties so CBOs provide young people with information. All over the world, there has been development so Karenni people want and need to get knowledge of how to do this. A difficulty we had was that there was not enough information on activities. We need to write a good report but we have had difficulties collecting information. Additionally, in , CBOs have been running activities inside to try to help provide citizens with information. This report is about their activities. Summary There are CBOs in Karenni Refugee Camp 1, Mae Hong Son District, Thailand. These CBOs run activities in Karenni State about knowledge sharing. Citizens inside Karenni State do not have an opportunity to receive healthcare so KNMHC helps them. There is currently a ceasefire inside Karenni State. During this time, six civil society groups have created the CHDN. Inside Karenni State, farmers don t know the agricultural laws. Therefore, KnEG teaches them how to rotate their crops and follow the laws. They also provide them with pens, pencils, books and materials for children. KnED said that these six civil society groups are in discussions with the Burmese government. The Burmese soldiers haven t cleared all of the landmines so some citizens and animals have died and some have lost limbs. The civil society groups don t want people to be affected by mines in the future so they provide education about them. Karenni groups need to protect their people s traditions, culture and language from disappearing so they give trainings. Community Development trainings are provided on basic human rights especially for women to know this knowledge.

4 Issue 1 Page 4 Karenni Women s organisation promotes the capacity of women. Due to the domestic situation, citizens want to know about personal hygiene for women and peace for young people. KnWO provides and promote women s education, TOT trainings and collects information. Currently, CBO organisations have been providing support and giving trainings to citizens. CBOs have experienced problems because their support has not been as effective as they want. Objectives This research is part of a course at Karenni Social Development School, in Karenni Refugee Camp 1. The students study for 10 months. In October, all SDC students conduct research for SDC. There are three subjects taught at SDC school; law, environment and human rights. We research about this so if there is a problem, it can be solved. We collected information about CBOs and researched about their main activities. Part 2 2.1) A history of CBOs inside Karenni State A) Karenni Social Welfare and Development Center Burma got independence from Britain in Since independence, Burma has been controlled by successive military governments. Since Burmese independence, many different ethnic groups want independence or have claimed they already had independence and have set up resistance movements. These resistance movements have been part of a civil war that has been ongoing for 60 years in Burma. During this civil war, Burmese soldiers have killed and abused the human rights of citizens. In Burma, there are economic and development projects including the building of military trainings. To run these projects, the Burmese military uses forced labour and forces villages and citizens to relocate. In Burma, there are a lot of human rights abuses and forced relocations so many citizens become IDPs. IDPs face many challenges for their health, livelihood, education, safety and a better future. They don t have ambitions for the future. In 1996, the Burmese government forced 200 villages in Karenni State to relocate. Many citizens faced serious difficulties to move. Some citizens died from starvation. When people were sick, there wasn t any medicine or nurses. In order for Karenni people to improve their lives and get freedom, KSWDC began to help them in June B) Karenni literacy In Karenni State, only Burmese is taught in schools. Karenni literacy is not taught in schools. In Karenni Refugee

5 Page 5 Monthly Report Of KSDC Camp 1, citizens can study Karenni literacy. The Karenni Leader, Khu Hte Bu Pae created the Karenni alphabet. After the 2012 ceasefire, the Burmese government declared that Karenni would be allowed to be studied inside. FRC started to run activities to teach Karenni literacy, in Karenni State, in They focused their activities in Loikaw area. C) Karenni National Mobile Health Committee or Civil Heath and Development Network This Karenni health organisation started in In Karenni State, they created 10 groups to distribute medicine. IRC and BRC work together on this project. The Civil Health and Development Network In Loikaw, on the 27 th 30 th August, Karenni health organisation had a meeting with six local ceasefire groups; KNPP, KNPLF, KNLP, KNSO, KNPDP and KNG. D) Karenni Evergreen In 1995, Steve Thompson from Environment Desk Images Asia gave training to Karenni young people about the environment. In October 1996, Karenni Evergreen was formed. E) Karenni Education Department Ten years ago, the inside education director gave trainings in Karenni State. F) Karenni National Women Organisation There is a civil war in Karenni State. During this civil war, women and children have often experienced violations. KNWO was created in 1993 to help women and children in Karenni State. G) Karenni National Youth Organisation Throughout the revolution, KNPP have a lot of experience. After evaluating themselves, they created KNYO. This organisation was started on 22 nd May This organisation elects a general assembly every four years. The central committee is elected. There are over 3,000 members. Dependent on the situation, some committee members have resettled to The USA. Due to many of the last committee resettling, the current committee cannot be as active. On 6 th October 2012, KNPP requested KNYO central committee members resolve their problems and continue running. If KNYO creates an activities committee, they will be able to continue running. In the activities committee, they have 22 members. This committee stands until they hold an election. The purpose of KNYO is, for people living in Karenni State, to implement many different activities in Karenni State.

6 Issue 1 Page 6 Part Visions of CBOs A) Karenni Social Welfare and Development Center 1: For people in Karenni State who are suffering to be able to get support for their livelihoods 2: For local people in Karenni State to be able to own their resources and make income 3: To improve local people in Karenni State s knowledge and education 4: For Karenni state to be free and fair 5: To run sustainable development projects B) Karenni Literacy -To protect the culture, language and history of the Karenni people so that their history won t disappear. - For all young Karenni people to be literate in Karenni language - To improve local people in Karenni State s knowledge and education C) Civil Health and Development Network - For all people in Karenni State to have access to healthcare - For local health, community development and KnPDP to organise health groups with community participation - For KnPDP and national groups to promote a path to healthcare for all citizens D) Karenni Education Department - Commitment to honesty and discipline - Love and value for national religion and culture - Strong national spirit - Devotion to democracy, justice and peace E) Karenni Evergreen Everyone should know about the environment and its beneficial affects to them. They should protect the environment to live sustainably F) Karenni National Youth Organisation - To promote a vibrant and peaceful community for Karenni young people

7 Page 7 Monthly Report Of KSDC - For all Karenni young people to be able to organise - To create open-mindedness and understanding for Karenni people to unite - To lead the Karenni young generation and Karenni community to have a role in civic participation - To protect animals, species and the environment in Karenni State - To protect democracy in Burma - To promote vibrant young people 3.2 Objectives of CBOs A) Karenni Social Welfare and Development Center 1: IDPs should receive support from organisations 2: Karenni people should protect their natural environment and economy 3: Karenni people should rebuild a sustainable nation 4: Karenni people should know about basic human rights and how to protect them 5: Karenni people should be able to network and communicate easily 6: For organisations and civil servants running activities on health and education to improve and become more successful. They should promote people s self-improvement B) Karenni Literacy All Karenni people have their own literacy, culture and language. Also, Karenni people should be able to be literate in their own language C) Karenni Evergreen - In the Karenni community, they should protect natural resources and manage the environment. We should share knowledge about how to reduce deforestation. - Everyone should be involved in training projects to promote environmental protection. Women should also work together with them. - To research and publish information about development projects in Karenni State. D) Karenni National Youth Organisation - KNYO is a non-governmental organisation so young people in Karenni State should often have activity projects. - The purpose is to build and connect young people to unite, for now and in the future.

8 Issue 1 Page 8 - To promote young people s knowledge and expertise. - To lobby young people to be passionate about their nation and become leaders. E) Karenni Education Department Grow towards an educational system which can keep abreast with the international education standard and guarantee not only the freedom of survival, but also social economic development based on self-creativity and management of the Karenni people. Part Activities of CBOs A) Mine Risk Education In 2012, KNPP and the Burmese government agreed to and signed a ceasefire agreement. They allowed CBOs to run activities inside, freely. During the war, the Burmese used a lot of landmines. This caused a lot of problems to the local people and animals. Therefore, to solve the problem of landmines, KSWDC took responsibility. KSWDC ran Mine Risk Education MRE. This project is to remove landmines. Some people have been injured by landmines so they need to be helped. Some groups from KSWDC have traveled to educate and give trainings about landmines. Landmines are dangerous to civilians The director of MRE, Lay Reh Soe said Burmese soldier use a lot of mines so some people lose limbs and also animals die. They cannot receive compensation. Citizens cannot receive knowledge so they give trainings about landmines. Before there was a ceasefire, they would give trainings in the forest. Citizens would be afraid because KNPP and Burmese soldiers were always fighting. One month, they will give training in the forest but if they have a problem, they need to change their plan. However, now they can give training and citizens are more interested. People are stronger because they know more about this issue. Also, citizens are able to spend some time and learn about this issue. MRE is separated into 4 groups. One group is for north, one for east, one for west and one for central. Once they arrive at the location, they need to give trainings about landmines. They show videos and photos in the training so citizens can see and understand the issue. They train about what to do if somebody steps on a mine. Before they didn t know about this but now they know so we are stronger. Now, they can give training freely and MRE has a responsibility to do this for ethnic people.

9 Page 9 Monthly Report Of KSDC B) Community Development After the Burmese government and KNPP signed a ceasefire, CBO members planned to do some projects inside. KSWDC have four projects to educate about basic human rights. C) Karenni Literacy The Burmese government has not allowed Karenni language to be taught because the politics is not stable. Therefore, in Karenni State, Karenni people are illiterate. To counter this, Karenni Literacy organisation have started activities in Karenni State to improve Karenni literacy. We want to keep our native language, culture and literacy. Karenni people should not forget Karenni language said Teacher Bu Meh. After the ceasefire was taken, Karenni literacy organisation returned inside Karenni State to begin activities. Karenni Literacy is taught to school children. All citizens are interested in Karenni Literacy when they are in the class. In Karenni State, villages compete against each other to open literacy trainings and attract trainers. Therefore, Karenni literacy is always welcomed to teach Karenni Literacy. There have been some problems because there are not enough people and money to meet the demand. Most The Karenni Alphabet Karenni school children want to celebrate their completion of literacy courses but there is not enough budget for a graduation ceremony. Trainees arrange celebrations themselves. In Karenni State, some villages are near the city and there are roads are repaired. However, some villages are far from the city and there roads are not in good enough condition to travel on. In some Karenni villages, Burmese soldiers have moved into to stay so it is not safe especially for women. Local people have to work in the day so they only have free time at night. They study Karenni literacy at night. They travel on foot. They sometimes pass military barracks. For women, it is not suitable for them to study at night. So, they have some problems. Karenni literacy trainers always try hard to teach Karenni literacy around Karenni State. They enjoy teaching it. Villagers and school children are interested to study Karenni literacy. Some villagers are poor at critical thinking, some are very good. They evaluate their situation so as to learn as much as possible. Karenni Literacy is hard-working because they work for their native people.

10 Issue 1 Page 10 D) Karenni National Women s Organisation After the March 2012 ceasefire, CBOs were able to run a few activities inside Karenni State. Women s organisations have a strategy to promote the quality of life for women. There are three main points: Women s personal hygiene Promote women s living standards To collect information Now, they are just promoting living standards. They have a plan to do further projects. They started to run the woman s personal hygiene program in There are other organisations connected to KNWO. There are four main points: Open a nursery for children Peaceful environment for younger women Promotion of life and teaching for women To run Trainer of Trainer courses (TOT) All of these points are part of KNWO s program. These courses are not just useful for women but for all people. KNWO promotes and educates women in Hpruso and Demawso townships. In Hpruso Township, they go to four villages. They are Kylyai, Daw Law Khu, Kaw Hta Maw and Daw Mye Khu. In Demawso Township, they go to two villages. They divide staff into two groups of 15 people. They provide half-day trainings about women s issues and Karenni Literacy because villagers need to work on their farms. The villagers don t know much about these issues because they are shy. However, they want to promote all Karenni people to be able to read Karenni literacy and know about women s issues so they open courses in Karenni State. They use this method because they are concentrating for women to have sustainable futures said KNWO secretary, Mi Mi said. When KNWO train: Firstly, they teach about women s personal affairs and after the course they share some personal items for women to use. They provide soap and pads. Secondly, they train other trainers to teach about women s personal affairs (TOT). Now, they estimate that women are more knowledgeable. KNWO organisation has been running this project in Karenni State since Thirdly, They collect information from each group about how many people participate with them in activities. Each group has 1000 women in their area. When they teach to them, at least women attend their trainings. There are 17 villages for each group. Therefore, they are not working with all women in Karenni State; just those that participate in their projects said Teacher Mi Mi.

11 Issue 1 Page 11 Fourthly, In Karenni State everyone thinks we already have peace but they just say. They misunderstand peace. KNWO teaches about domestic violence. Until now, most Karenni people don t know how domestic violence occurs. If they don t know about this, KNWO explains to them. KNWO instructs them to read, to learn and to practice what they learn. Said Teacher Nyar Ma. Before there was a ceasefire, it was not safe and sometimes people needed to hide. To give trainings, trainers and trainees needed to be flexible with time in case of danger. Also, the Burmese threaten people so they have to hide. If we gave trainings, we had to give in the forest not in the village. We could only give trainings in KNPP controlled land. Before 2006, villages didn t have kindergarten so they opened a kindergarten. This is necessary for children. They make to help children improve. Now, local villages have improved so they can open kindergartens. We opened for them but we cannot support them now. However, they can run themselves. Mi Mi said Before we supported them. Now, there is a ceasefire so our organisation can travel freely. We are giving a lot of villages and towns trainings about women s rights. Now, they are free because the Burmese and KNPP have taken a ceasefire. If women need to buy something from the town, they can go and buy it. In the past they had to ask someone to do things on their behalf and this could cause problems. We are very enthusiastic to go and give trainings. Some people don t know about domestic violence and sexual harassment. However, now because of our trainings a lot of people know about these issues. Some people already know a little but after trainings they know much more. Therefore, we are very happy. Some people say nobody goes to give trainings so the training you give is very good and interesting. One person said from KNWO For each training we do, we try to make it better for trainees. E) Karenni Education Department After the ceasefire between KNPP and the Burmese government, KNED freely went back inside Karenni State to do activities. They give trainings for villagers who live far from towns. They also support them with some education materials. This is to improve the education level of children. KNED activities inside Karenni State started 20 years ago. Said KNED teacher, Shwe Htun. Children in rural areas cannot go to school. In the rural areas, there are schools but there are no teachers so the children s education level is low. Therefore, in Karenni State, KNED try to improve education. KnED supports teachers inside Karenni State

12 Issue 1 Page 12 KNED send young people to become teachers. If young people finish the teacher s course, they will benefit Karenni State. Htan Meh said 2 years ago, they sent one person to study in Mae Sot so now he has gone to work in Karenni State. He is teaching in Karenni State. They also support pens and books for some children. This is not connected to the government. This activity is reported on once every three months. This policy is still in place now. At this time, what activities are legal is not specific. Also, NGOs help them. They need to promote education but they don t have enough budget. They need a lot of materials. Now in Mae Sot, there are six people from KNED attending a teacher training. Additionally, KNED tries to promote the education level for ethnic people. F) Karenni National Youth Organisation Young people inside Karenni state are separated because of the long history of conflict. In 2012 after the ceasefire, KNYO went inside to promote cooperation and trust between young people. Therefore, in cooperation with KNPP, they work for peace. Young people should come together inside Karenni State. Now, the young people s groups, Kayan and KNLP, are working in cooperation. Now, our group, KNYO joins with Kayan and KNLP to be united. Now we have created a Karenni Student s union. KNYO 1 st Secretary, teacher Bo Bo said. Therefore, young people inside have very strong opinions. They are working for citizens. Some young people are not strong. Young people and our group now have representatives. We are cooperating and working with young people inside but people are afraid of being connected, in any way, to KNPP. However, KNYO are always in discussion with people inside. KNYO wants to travel inside Karenni State for activities but they do not have enough budget. We are not always meeting in person but we are always communicating by . It can be difficult. KNYO members need to connect young people so they can have trust and understanding. For the future, young people are the guardians of our ethnic groups so we try to do for them. Inside young people use more and more drugs so we have a plan to educate them. Some young people inside do not believe KNYO because they fear for their safety. Young people need to know about human rights, politics and transparency so we need to provide these subjects. We try to reduce conflict and increase mutual cooperation. We try to reduce conflict and increase mutual cooperation. We try to reduce conflict and increase mutual cooperation. Burmese soldiers confiscated land, persecuted citizens and forced them to be porters G) Karenni National Mobile Health Committee Throughout the revolution, Burmese soldiers confiscated land, persecuted citizens and forced them to be porters. They displaced and burned villages. Therefore citizens have been IDPs and can t look after their health. They are

13 Issue 1 Page 13 always suffering because of this so KnMHC help them to know about how to look after their health. KNMHC director, Pele said Our main activities are health but we are not experts So people inside Karenni State don t have knowledge of how to protect from diseases. They always see problem when they do activities. Office secretary, Mi Reh said They take medicine and test for diseases Khu Mi Reh We are always helping citizens but we don t have enough materials. Also, for everyone there is not enough. Also, staff are always learning about medicine. They are always changing. I want to promote their ability but they only understand a little. It is my challenge They visit around villages and check citizen s health. They take medicine and test for diseases. They also do training. Before the ceasefire, there were many mines so we often had to take diversions. Additionally, these activities were supported by citizens. Continued Mi Reh. KNMHC are not permanent inside Karenni State. They only do mobile trainings. After agreeing to this ceasefire, they built clinics. There is one clinic on the eastern side of the Salween river, one in eastern Shadaw, two in Western Pruso, one in West Pasaw, one in East Pasaw. Mi Reh said After this ceasefire, we connected to the government. They asked us to have a discussion but they one interferes with us. When we discuss about this, government doesn t recognise us. we ask them to recognise us. Also, for staff they have to travel to the meetings and it is very difficult for them. Infrastructure is not good. In Pruso and Shadaw, we need to travel on foot. KnMHC gives six months of training every year. They could not open the training in 2011 and IN 2013, they reopened their training. Inside Karenni State, there are many different diseases. On the outside of Pasaw, there is a lot of malaria. In the center, diarrhea is very common. There are different areas and different climates. Inside, there are 5 main diseases. The first disease is Tuberculosis. The second is Diarrhea. The third is Urinary Retention. The fourth is Measles. The fifth is Malaria. These are the most common diseases but there are many other diseases said Pele. KnMHC gives training but they cannot organise them regularly. If it is possible for them to do, they do. They give citizens the most important information that they need. We want to provide for everyone but if we cannot do, it does not affect us. KnMHC call people from inside to their office to give training to them. They choose students from different villages to attend the training. KnMHC wishes for doctors from NayPyiTaw to come for three years in Karenni State and then to go back. If local villages are very far from a town, they don t have access to a doctor. We want them to create a health system. Said Teacher Pele The CHDN Director, Pele said the six ceasefire groups have built an organisation CHDN. They are cooperating. They

14 Issue 1 Page 14 are also discussing about how to work. At this time, these six groups can do a little work. They discuss about the health system and wrote policy. These six groups are from different organisations and have different leaders so it is very difficult for them. They have experienced problems. CHDN and Karenni Health Department are cooperating to promote health and have begun to do a project. This information was taken from KT News in October CHDN s work depends on the situation. All of CHDN s members try to care for ethnic people s health. 4.2 Implementation of CBOs in Karenni State A) Karenni National Mobile Health Committee - For citizens in Karenni State, they have built six healthcare clinics. - The clinics have two or three nurses working in each clinic. - KNMHC have twenty groups for giving health training in Karenni State. - Medics go to different sites in rural areas, once a year, to provide education about health. B) Karenni EverGreen - KEG gives environmental training. - Women and environmental groups distribute posters in every community. - KEG runs management trainings before going to do fieldwork. - They run trainings for citizens on how to collect rubbish. - They give forest management training and seeds for planting and growing new plants. - KEG teach local people how to grow coffee, teak and seeds so they can make an income. Part Acknowledgements We would really like to say thank you to SDC teachers and Teacher Than Nge from Karenni Times (KT) who helped us before researching and preparing this report. We would also like to thank teacher Aung Sun Myint, teacher Thyar Mar and teacher Than Nge for explaining to us, how to interview. Additionally, thank you to teacher Tar Reh for showing us how to good research. We would also like to thank our donor for supporting us with books, paper, pencils, notepads and other materials for our report. We further thank teacher Aung Sun Myint for trying to get a donor for us. During the whole of October, to get information some coordinators and staff at CBO organisations shared information with us. We would also like to say thank you to them. 5.2 Conclusions In 1948 when Burma got independence, they called their country a federal country. At the time, our Karenni State was already independent. We had a lot of resources in Karenni State. On March 2 nd 1962, General Ne Win and took power in a military coup. At the time in Burma, there was an increased civil war. Before this ethnic groups had equal rights but after the government ignored the rights of the ethnic people. The civil war caused Karenni people to die like animals. Karenni people s rights were violated and abused. Karenni people feel very afraid for their lives. Karenni people became refugees and resettled to other countries or became IDPs within their own country. Some

15 Issue 1 Page 15 Karenni leaders who lived outside Karenni state wanted to help Karenni people. Therefore they created CBOs. After they created organisations, they had to help IDPs inside Karenni state. They provided benefits for IDPs. Education, economy and social situation inside Karenni State is very low. Now, CBOs try to build democracy and for people to respect rights. The international community and the public really want democracy. Everyone wants peace not conflict. CBOs want to develop communities inside Karenni State so they provide trainings to improve the knowledge of citizens. If they get peace they can get opportunities to study freely. They will keep their nationality, homeland and all ethnic groups will be able to unite. They should try to work together to get peace in the future. 5.3 Interview methodology We were unable to interview outside of Karenni Refugee Camp 1 because this activity is part of our basic training. We interviewed coordinators from CBOs and staff. Before interviewing, teachers at SDC School taught us how to ask questions and write down information. They also supported us with materials, preparation and some money for food. We interviewed and tried to get good research two weeks ago. When we went to interview, we used computers; USBs; notebooks; phones and pens. When we went to interview, we used WH- questions. We used these questions so our interview would be easy to understand. If we use WH- questions, we can get good information. We informed people before interviewing them. We interviewed between one and three people per day. In the evening, we would go back to rewrite our information. We had a lot of challenges during the interviews because we are not experienced. Part 6 6.1) Recommendations To organisations: - Organisations should organise young people to increase enthusiasm - Develop and improve the Karenni nationality from its current standing to continue as a people - Organisations should go to educate and train across Karenni state including the most rural areas To citizens: - Citizens should really respect to those who educate them- - Citizens should give their time to attend trainings - Citizens must use the training they receive from CBOs - If citizens learn some information, they should use it. They should not forget it. - Citizens should be really interested to participate and support the trainers

16 Issue 1 Page 16 To SDC teachers: - SDC teachers should share this report with other schools and libraries - SDC teachers should provide this report to new students as a good example 6.2) Acronyms CBO Community Based Organisation NGO Non-Governmental Organisation COERR Catholic Office for Emergency Relief and Refugees KNPLF Karenni Pan liberation front IDP Internally Displaced Person / People KNSO Karenni National Solidarity Organisation MRE Mine Risk Education KnPDP Karenni National Peace and Development Party CD Community Development KNG Kayan National Guard CHDN Civil Health and Development Network KSWDC Karenni Social Welfare and Development Party KNLP Kayan New Land Party KNMHC Karenni National Mobile Health Committee KNPP Karenni National Progressive Party KNWO Karenni National Women s Organisation KEG Karenni Ever Green KNYO Karenni National Youth Organisation KED Karenni Education Department

17 Name Sex Age Ethnicity Religion Occupation Place of Date of interview interview Office 11/10/ Bu Meh Female 37 Kayah Catholic Literacy trainer 2 Bo Bo Male - Kayah Catholic KNYO secretary 1 3 Toe Myar Female 32 Kayah Catholic KSWDC Center Chairwoman KNYO Office 11/10/2013 KNWO main office 14/10/ Pele Male 36 Karen Catholic KNMHC KNMHC Office 14/10/2013 Director 5 Kay Reh Male 26 Kayah Buddhist/Animist KEG Staff KEG Office 15/10/ Lay Reh Soe Male 27 Kayah Animist Landmine training coordinator KSWDC Office 15/10/ Lee Reh Male 30 Kayah Animist KSWDC Staff Home 15/10/ Shwe Tun Male 39 Poe Karen Buddhist KNED Manager 9 Nyar Ma Female 21 Kayah Animist Peace staff educator 10 Mi Mi Female 34 Baman Buddhist KNWO Main office secretary KnED Office 16/10/2013 Home 16/10/2013 Home 21/10/ Pe Bu Male - Kayah Animist CD KSWDC Office 22/10/ Mi Reh Male - Kayah Catholic KNMHC Coordinator KnMHC Office 22/10/2013 Social Development Center Issue 1 Page ) Interviewee List

18 The vision of Social Development Center is to promote the lives of the people who have suffered human rights abuses, to teach non-violent skills to build up a new society, to develop the rule of law, to value human dignity and to protect the environment. To achieve our mission statement we rely on various avenues of support including core organizational and project funding from our major donors. We are also supported by our own community, local staff and the generous help of volunteers from across the globe. Mae Hong Son, Thailand PO BOX officesdc@yahoo.com If you are interested in making a donation, please officesdc@yahoo.com. Please title your message SDC Donation. If you are interested in volunteering with us, please us at the same address: officesdc@yahoo.com. We accept volunteers for a minimum of three months. Furthermore, if there is any other way you would like to provide us with support or assistance, please us at the same address: officesdc@yahoo.com. Acknowledgements On behalf of SDC and all our students, we would like to thank our core funders: - The American Jewish World Service - The Open Society Institute - Refugees International Japan Our partners: - Earthrights International - The Curriculum project - Mote Oo Education Visit us at: We would also like to thank anyone who has volunteered with our organization now or in the past. Finally, we would like to thank you the reader for showing an interest in supporting the cause of our people with your support we can go from strength to strength in the future. Thank you!

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