APUSH Unit 8: Gilded Age
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1 APUSH Unit 8: Gilded Age Politics in the Gilded Age, (Chapter 23) I can describe the political corruption of the Grant administration and the various efforts to clean up politics in the Gilded Age. (Pages ) Election of Candidates and positions -Republican -Democratic - Waving the bloody shirt -outcome Black Friday -Jim Fiske and Jay Gould - cornering the market -role of U.S. government (Grant) Tweed Ring - Boss Tweed (Tammany Hall) -Thomas Nast Crédit Mobilier Scandal Whiskey Ring Belknap Fraud Election of Candidates and positions -Republican -Democratic
2 -Outcome I can describe the economic slump of the 1870s and the growing conflict between hard money and soft money advocates. (Pages ) Panic of 1873 (causes) Hard money advocates -groups represented and why Soft money advocates -groups represented and why -silver issue I can describe the politics of the Gilded Age. (Pages ) Republican Party -ethnic and cultural characteristics -geographic base -Stalwarts and Half-Breeds Democratic Party -ethnic and cultural characteristics -geographic base patronage I can identify the relationship between the Election of 1876 and the end of Reconstruction. (Pages ) Election of Candidates and positions -Republican -Democratic
3 Compromise of Electoral deadlock -End of military reconstruction -Significance I can describe how the end of Reconstruction led to the loss of black rights and the imposition of the Jim Crow system of segregation in the South. (Pages ) Redeemers crop-lien system Jim Crow laws Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) I can explain the growth of class and ethnic conflict during the 1870s and after. (Pages ) Railroad strike of causes -U.S. government response Chinese in California (also see pages 512 to 513) -background of immigration -Dennis Kearney ( Kearnyites ) -Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) -U.S. vs. Wong Kim Ark (1898) I can describe the personal and partisan clashes between the Democrats and Republicans. (Pages ) Election of 1880/James A. Garfield Garfield s Assassination/Charles Guiteau
4 Chester Arthur Pendleton Act (1883) Election of Republicans-James G. Blaine -Democrats-Grover Cleveland -Campaign tactics Issues of Cleveland s administration -Grand Army of the Republic (private pension bills) -Tariff issue Election of 1888-Benjamin Harrison Harrison s Presidency -Billion Dollar Congress -McKinley Tariff (1890) I can describe the political effects of growing social protests and class conflict. (Pages ) Farmers Alliance People s (Populist) Party -Omaha Platform -Geographic base Conditions facing black farmers in the South -grandfather clause Election of 1892/Grover Cleveland Depression of contributing causes -Repeal of Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 (1893)
5 -Role of J.P. Morgan Wilson-Gorman Tariff (1894) Industry Comes of Age, (Chapter 24) I can explain how the transcontinental railroad network provided the basis for the great post- Civil War industrial transformation. (Pages ) Federal Land Grants to Railroads Union Pacific Railroad -Crédit Mobilier construction company -Irish labor Central Pacific Railroad -Big Four -Chinese Labor Significance of the transcontinental railroad Cornelius Vanderbilt Steel rail/standard gauge/air brake/pullman cars Economic effect of completed railway network I can identify the abuses in the railroad industry and discuss how these led to the first efforts at industrial regulation by the federal government. (Pages ) Stock watering Pool Rebates/kickbacks Wabash case (1886) Interstate Commerce Act (1887) -Interstate Commerce Commission
6 I can describe how the economy came to be dominated by giant trusts, and early government efforts to limit their influence. (Pages ) Role of the following in postwar industrial expansion: -liquid capital -natural resources -immigration -innovation -Alexander Graham Bell -Thomas Alva Edison vertical integration (Carnegie Steel) horizontal integration (Standard Oil) trust interlocking directorate Steel industry -Bessemer Process -Andrew Carnegie -J.P Morgan Oil industry -John D. Rockefeller - American Beauty Rose analogy Meat trust/gustavus F. Swift and Philip Armour Gospel of Wealth/Andrew Carnegie Social Darwinism/William Graham Sumner Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)
7 I can analyze the social changes brought by industrialization. (Pages ) Reasons for Southern failure to industrialize Impact of Industrial Revolution: -on women -increasing wealth gap -wage dependency -pressure for foreign trade I can explain the failures of the Knights of Labor and the modest success of the American Federation of Labor. (Pages ) lockout yellow dog contract blacklist company town National Labor Union (1866) Knights of Labor (1869) -Terence V. Powderly -Also see pages Haymarket Square (1886) Reasons for the decline of the Knights of Labor American Federation of Labor (1886) -Samuel Gompers America Moves to the City, (Chapter 25) I can describe the new industrial city and its impact on American society. (Pages ) Changes to American cities
8 -skyscrapers/louis Sullivan -elevator -electric trolley -consumerism/class divisions Theodore Dreiser/Sister Carrie (1900) Dumbbell tenement Bedroom communities I can describe the New Immigration and explain why it aroused opposition from many nativeborn Americans. (Pages ) New immigration -source areas/religion -social characteristics -settlement patterns Push factors Pull factors I can discuss the efforts of social reformers and churches to aid the New Immigrants and alleviate urban problems. (Pages ) New immigrants and political bosses social gospel Jane Addams/Hull House (1889) Settlement house movement Lillian Wald Florence Kelley Women in the work force
9 I can describe native-born opposition to the new immigrants. (Pages ) Reasons for nativist sentiment American Protective Association (1887) Organized labor and new immigrants Federal restrictions aimed at new immigrants I can analyze the changes in American religious life in the late nineteenth century. (Pages ) Urban revivalists Dwight Lyman Moody Salvation Army Mary Baker Eddy/Christian Scientists (1879) YMCA/YWCA Charles Darwin/On the Origin of Species (1859) Fundamentalists Modernists I can explain the changes in American education from elementary to the college level. (Pages ) rise of public education normal schools Chautauqua movement Booker T. Washington -Tuskegee Institute - accommodationist viewpoint
10 George Washington Carver Dr. W.E.B. Du Bois NAACP (1910) Women in higher education/vassar Blacks in higher education/howard, Hampton Morrill Act of 1862/land grant colleges Hatch Act (1887) William James/pragmatism I can describe the literary and cultural life of the period, including the widespread trend towards realism. (Pages ) Carnegie libraries Newspapers -linotype (1885) -appeal of sensationalism -Joseph Pulitzer/New York World -Yellow Kid comic/yellow journalism -William Randolph Hearst Authors of the Gilded Age -Henry George/Progress and Poverty /single tax -Edward Bellamy/Looking Backward (1888) -Horatio Alger -Walt Whitman/Leaves of Grass -Emily Dickinson -Kate Chopin -Mark Twain -Bret Harte -Stephen Crane -Henry James -Jack London -Paul Lawrence Dunbar -Charles W. Chestnutt -Theodore Dreiser
11 I can explain the growing national debates about morality in the late nineteenth century, particularly in relation to the changing roles of women and the family. (Pages ) Victoria Woodhull Anthony Comstock/The Comstock Law Effect of urban life on the family Effect of urban life on women Charlotte Perkins Gilman National American Women Suffrage Association (1890) Elizabeth Cady Stanton Susan B. Anthony Carrie Chapman Catt Women s Club Movement Ida B. Wells Woman s Christian Temperance Union (1874) Carrie A. Nation Anti-Saloon League (1893) I can identify artistic and other leisure-time pursuits of the Gilded Age. (Pages ) James Whistler Winslow Homer Augustus Saint-Gaudens Music -Symphony orchestras in Boston and Chicago -Metropolitan Opera House in New York -Black folk traditions/ragtime, jazz, the blues -the phonograph Vaudeville Minstrel shows
12 Circus/P.T. Barnum Wild West Shows/ Buffalo Bill Cody, Annie Oakley Sports -Baseball -Football -Pugilism -Croquet -The Bicycle craze -Basketball
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