Issue: Measures to improve the economic situation of post occupation Palestine

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Issue: Measures to improve the economic situation of post occupation Palestine"

Transcription

1 Forum: Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Issue: Measures to improve the economic situation of post occupation Palestine Student Officer: Taing Eaindray Aung Position: Chair Introduction Communities in conflict situations, such as Palestine, are extremely liable to economic and social rights violation. Economic insecurity is a common trait in nations facing or emerging from conflict. Ever since Israel s occupation of the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and Gaza Strip in 1967, the Israeli government has enforced multiple military and economic measures that have influenced all sectors of the Palestinian economy, ensuing in long-term economic volatilities and, in some cases, irreparable retrogression. The Israeli s restrictions prevent Palestinians from accessing the majority of their land and from using most of their natural resources. They also influence the isolation of the Palestinians from global markets. Furthermore, this has been accomplished in conjunction with stripping the Palestinian government and institutions of any means to multiply or even maintain its policy space and obtain control over its sovereign affairs. Hence, these have inhibited economic growth for Palestine. The current Palestinian economy ranks low among world economies and is highly susceptible to instability. According to the World Bank, the Palestinian economy fits in the category of lower-middle income countries. The key challenges prevalent in the Palestinian economy today are high growth rates of unemployment, restrictions to growth (land attainment), and severe poverty rates. Key Terms Gross Domestic Product (GDP) GDP is the monetary worth of all the finished products and services manufactured within a nation s borders in a detailed amount of time. Oslo Accords [1993 & 1995] The Oslo Accords are a series of agreements between the Israeli government and the PLO. The accords implied the establishment of a Palestinian state. Israel was to abandon its denial of Palestinian claims to sovereignty and Palestinians were to accept that such entitlements were limited to a specific region of the whole territory. The Paris Protocol [May, 1994] Research Report Page 1! of 9!

2 The Paris Protocol was signed between Israel and PLO which further allowed a Palestinian economy incorporated in and reliant on on the Israeli economy. Israel collects the import taxes on products and transfers to the Palestinian Authority the taxes on goods that were intended for the Occupied Territories. The Gaza Strip The Gaza Strip is a small self-governing Palestinian territory on the Mediterranean Sea s eastern coast. Gaza also comprises the Palestinian territories claimed by the Palestinians as the future sovereign State of Palestine. Since June 2007, Gaza has been governed by Hamas which is a Palestinian Islamic organization. Hence, it was placed under and Israeli and American led international economic and political boycott from that time onwards. The West Bank The West Bank is a land-locked region near the Mediterranean coast of Western Asia and forms the majority of the Palestinian territories and the State of Palestine. It also shares borders of Israel, and to the east, with Jordan. Commodity Market A commodity market is a physical or virtual market for selling, trading, or buying raw or primary products. There are two kinds of commodities: soft and hard. Soft commodities are agricultural products and hard commodities are mined. Export Market It is a foreign country to which goods and services from a particular country are sold. Private Sector A private sector is a section of the national economy that is not under direct state control. History Israeli-Palestinian Conflict After World War II in which six million Jewish people were murdered, more Jewish people wanted their own country. They were given a large region of Palestine, which they considered their traditional home but the Arabs who already lived there and in neighboring countries felt that was unfair and did not agree to the new country. In 1948, the two sides went to war. When it ended, Gaza was controlled by Egypt and the West Bank by Jordan. They contained thousands of Palestinians who fled what was now the new Jewish home, Israel. But then, in 1967, after another war, Israel occupied these Palestinian areas and Israeli troops maintained there for years. Israelis hoped they might exchange the land they won for Arab countries recognizing Israel's right to exist and an end to the fighting. Israel finally left Gaza in 2005 but, a group called Hamas won elections and took control there. Much of the world calls Hamas a terrorist organization as it refuses to recognize Israel as a country and wants Palestinians to be able to return to Research Report Page 2! of 9!

3 their old home. Since then, Israel has held Gaza under a blockade, which means it controls its borders and limits who can enter and exit. Economic Conditions In the early 1990s, the economic conditions in the West Bank and Gaza Strip worsened as the economic going-on was administrated by the Paris Protocol of GDP per capita (also for the West Bank and Gaza Strip) decreased by 36% between 1992 and 1996 due to the amalgamation of declining incomes and rapid population growth. The recession in economic activity was also because of widespread corruption in the newly governing Palestinian Authority (PA) and also due to Israeli closure policies in response to security incidents in Israel, which disturbed earlier well-established labor and commodity market relations. The most severe effect of the economic crisis was the rise of incessant unemployment. Labor force Since the 1970s, a significant section of the Palestinian labor force found occupation in the Israeli economy with wages higher than average compared to at home. For 30 years, Israel allowed thousands of Palestinians to work inside the country every day in construction, agriculture, and other blue-collar work. Although allowing these workers inside the country increased collective demand in the Palestinian economy, which raised living standards and local production, the rise in living standards was not yet fully coordinated by the progress of productive capability of tradable goods in the Palestinian economy. This still continued to rely on employment in Israel. Until the mid-1990s, approximately 150,000 citizens (a fifth of the Palestinian labor force) worked in Israel each day. Unemployment is a significant issue in the Palestinian economy. In the 1980s, the average unemployment rates were in general under 5%. By the mid-1990s, they had risen over 20%. In October 1999, Israel allowed the inaugural of a channel between the West Bank and the Gaza strip which refueled a reasonable economic recovery in West Bank In 2007, West Bank s economy improved progressively. Economic growth for the occupied territories increased about 4 to 5% and unemployment declines about 3%. Israeli statistics showed that incomes in the West Bank increased more the 20% in 2008 and trade rose approximately 35%. In 2009, an economic boom initiated with growth reaching 8%, higher than in Israel or the West. Yet, inflation was prevalent 9.9% the same year; hence actual economic growth was negative as purchasing power declined. As of recently in the last 5 years, the Palestinian Authority (PA) has had success in implementing economic and securing reforms and easing some movement and access restrictions by the Israeli government. However, Israeli closure policies still continue to disrupt labor and trade flows, basic commerce, and corroding the productive capacity of the West Bank economy. The PA for the Research Report Page 3! of 9!

4 predictable future will continue to rely heavily on donor aid for its budgetary needs and West Bank economic activity will depend majorly on the PA s ability to attract such aid. Gaza Strip The Hamas Party won the Palestinian elections in 2006 but came to power in 2007 and claimed that Israel s closure policy, physically and politically, was responsible for the extreme rates of poverty and unemployment and the noticeable decrease in the private sector which was dependent upon export markets. Israel retaliated by blaming Hamas for their actions which led to the implementation of the closure policy. In 2010, Israel eased its closure policy which resulted in progress in some economic sectors although exports from the Gaza Strip were still banned. According to the Israeli Defense Forces, the economy progressed in 2011, seeing a decline in unemployment and a rise in GDP. Key Issues Unemployment The unemployment rate of Palestinians, particularly among the youth population, soared over 25% in 2014 in comparison to the previous year of only 338,300. The corresponding rate for Gaza was the double to that of the West Bank. The youth unemployment rate rose to almost 40% for young men and 63% for young women More than 70% of Palestinians are under 30 years old and are facing extreme obstacles in finding work after finishing their education. This is mostly due to severe economic restrictions placed by the Israeli government. There is also a rising number of Palestinians with access to the Israeli labor market, with or without necessary permits. However, they often work in unregulated circumstances that tend to be exploitative. Agriculture Since Israeli occupation, the Palestinian agriculture s contribution to the economy has been on the decline. The most prevalent is in the West Bank whose GDP percentage dropped to an alarmingly low rate of 5.1% in However, the rate of employment, in agriculture, in West Bank has doubled between 1995 and Contrastingly, agricultural labor productivity has only decreased by falling 50% between 1995 and These uncharacteristic trends imply that the numerous restrictions on Palestinian access to and investment in the land and water resources of the West Bank, mainly those restrictions functioning in Area C which is exclusively under the control of the Israeli government. Area C contains practically all the land in West Bank appropriate for agricultural production. Poverty Poverty rates in the occupied Palestinian territory remain high and on the increase for consecutive years. This is due to the unstable and falling rate of economic activity, low wages, loss of employment chances due to the Israeli closure policy, reduced employment capabilities of the public Research Report Page 4! of 9!

5 and private sectors, limited access to natural resources, and the lessening employment opportunities in Israel. The rate and amount of poverty varies between the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. Major Parties Involved and Their Views Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) The Palestine Liberation Organization, established in 1964, is the embodiment of the Palestinian national movement. It is an extensive national organization dealing with matters regarding the lives of the Palestinians civilians. PLO represents the Palestinian civilian population in the United Nations, the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries, the Organization of the Islamic Conference, and in many other fora. The PLO, although active in trying to establish Palestine s independence, has often been unsuccessful in its attempts at improving the economy especially since it is not financially strong enough to rebel or overturn Israel s economic restrictions. World Trade Organization (WTO) WTO is a global organization which controls international trade. It establishes legal basic guidelines for global trade amongst member nations and hence offers an arrangement for international commerce. In 2005 and 2009, the Palestinian Authority submitted a request for observer status. However, Palestine has yet to be accepted because Israel is one of the founding member nations of this organization and Israel has yet to give in acceptance to this offer. The observer status of the WTO can help Palestine improve its trade policy and will help establish the trade policy in the global trading system. Government of Israel Since Israel s occupation of Palestinian territory, Israel has entrenched themselves into Palestinian economy. Their economic restrictions lack of access to natural resources, forced isolation of Palestine from private markets, and its closure policy have greatly hindered Palestine s economic growth. Furthermore, the Oslo and Paris Accords only further intertwine the two states which mean the decline of Israeli government in recent years has greatly affected not only the Palestinian economy but the civilian population as well. However, Israel needs Palestine just as much to support its only declining economic activity as Israel has the second highest poverty rate of 2015 within the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Greater Arab Free Trade Area (GAFTA) Palestine plays a significant role in the enhancement of provincial economic and integration of Arab countries through its active contribution and commitments in GAFTA which was born from the Arab League in 1997, with the aim at full liberalization of trades for goods of Arab national origin. Palestine s contribution in GAFTA has lessened the responsibilities of the other Arab nations; hence, this proves beneficial for Palestine as they receive more not only aid but the support of Arab League. Timeline of Relevant Resolutions, Treaties and Events Research Report Page 5! of 9!

6 : The Holocaust commences during World War II which consequents Jewish immigration into Palestine. 1947: The UN General Assembly passes Resolution 181 which segregates Jewish and Arab states. 1948: Egypt, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, and Saudi Arabia declare war on Israel. The war results in a separated Jerusalem and around 650,000 to 700,000 Palestinian refugees : At the end of the war, Israel holds the majority of the Palestinian Mandate s territory at 78%. 1964: The establishment of the Palestinian Liberation Organization 1967: The Six-Day War commences in which Israel wins over the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, and the East Jerusalem only creating more Palestinian refugees. 1986: The Israel economy suffers an economic recession which greatly affects the Palestinian economy regarding Palestinian labor market, social, and living conditions. 1990: The Gulf War s commencement results in a sharp downturn of Palestinian employment and income as most were employed in the Gulf economies. 1993: Israel and the PLO sign the Oslo Agreements which calls for mutual recognition. The PLO relinquishes violence and the use of terrorism and agrees to review the PLO Charter to eliminate sections discussing Israel s destruction. 1994: Israel and the PLO sign the Paris Protocol again which agrees upon Palestinian economy s dependence on Israeli economy. 1995: The Oslo Accords implement three regions of control in the West Bank; each designated to the Palestine, the Palestinian civilian control and Israeli security control, and Israeli control. 1995: Palestine signs a trade agreement with Jordan establishing a free trade area between them. 1997: Palestinian Authority signs a trade agreement with Egypt with the intention of establishing the economic and technical cooperation agreement in regards to trade. 2005: The Agreement on Movement and Access was signed in hopes of improving Palestine s economic activity : Hamas s victorious elections results in the economic sanctions against the Palestinian National by Israel of the Gaza Strip. 2010: There is an easing in the blockade in which Israel permits the entry of civilian goods into Gaza but forbids the entry of weapons and duel-use items. In the middle of the year, Israel allowed the entry of all non-military related items. Evaluation of Previous Attempts to Resolve the Issue The Agreement on Movement and Access (AMA) The AMA signed in November sought to liberate the movement of Palestinian goods and people but the key obstacle for Palestinian enterprises remains the closure regime. The dwindling market access and hindered movement are the primary restraints for the businesses, as uncertainties in the Research Report Page 6! of 9!

7 transport of inputs and products increase costs. However, the conditions promised with the AMA signing has yet to be implemented. Although there is legitimacy of Israel s security concerns, it is challenging to associate between access restrictions and the protection and expansion of Israeli settlement in the West Bank. The implementation of AMA is progress towards stability, not a resultant of it. The Donor Response The aid income of more than 40 donors from the World Bank Group has been considerable; many donors sought creative mediums to help regardless of their boycott of the Palestinian Authority (due to corruption). However, aid is still disjointed and focused on bilateral agreements with donors regarding individual political statuses rather than a shared long-term view on increased economic activity. Hence, donor projects are more affiliated with the donor s requests than with local priorities. Furthermore, starting from 2000s, donor assistance seems to have decreased in conjunction with the deterioration of Palestinian economic activity in bad times and contributed greatly in favorable times. However, donors have been very aware of these negative factors which led to the formation of new aid coordination bodies and multilateral financing mechanisms. Possible Solutions Improving Physical Infrastructure The incapacitated Palestinian infrastructure is a key challenge for a new Palestinian State. It is also necessary in preventing unregulated urban growth that could lead to a rapidly growing population and an amassing rural-urban migration. To offset the undeveloped status imposed on the infrastructure, extensive international attention should be engaged in developing the quality and lowering the cost of infrastructure facilities, such as transportation, electricity, and water. The significance of infrastructure in investing the power should be complemented with their access to credit. This could be accomplished by granting microloans to the poor, hence enhancing their employment opportunities at a low rate of interest. More viable options are to implement labor-intensive programs for a long-term solution to the employment and poverty rates. Furthermore, by training the poor in new skills and teaching them with handling the requirements of the market and labor opportunities only help establish a safe social network that will protect the poor. Enhancement of Human Capital Extreme requests for higher education, in conjunction with the failure of the market in producing sufficient amount of jobs for graduates, have led to declining levels of unemployment. It is necessary for the labor market and the enrichment of labor capacities to enhance the human capital of the poor by giving them quality access to education and job opportunities. This entails advances in career education, access to career information, career advice and guidance, and professional development. There is also major necessity to improve health services. Accomplishing this would empower the poor and help them rise form the poverty demographic. Reducing Dependence on Israel Research Report Page 7! of 9!

8 The present state of Palestine is too weak for their business to even endure slight competition in international or even domestic markets. It is most probably that this situation will continue until Palestine benefits from an independent national economy. What Palestine needs is a trade policy that is practical and acknowledges the realities of the occupation and the needs of Palestinian business and national development goals. The policy should center on increasing employment and decreasing poverty and laying the foundation for persistent economic recovery. Furthermore, the Paris Protocol s standards represent a barrier to trade; hence the PA should consider designing specific policies to improve trade and foster growth. Bibliography - "Palestine." Center for Economic and Social Rights. CESR, Web. 23 Jan < - Kanafani, Nu man, and Sahar Taghdisi-Rad. The Palestinian Economy: Macroeconomic and Trade Policymaking under Occupation. United Nations Conference onf Trade and Development, Web. 23 Jan < - Khalidi, Raja, and Sahar Taghdisi-Rad. The Economic Dimensions of Prolonged Occupation: Continuity and Change in Israeli Policy towards the Palestinian Economy. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Web. 23 Jan < - "Israeli Occupation." Palestinian Mission to the Netherlands. N.p., Web. 23 Jan < - Trade Policies and Strategies. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. UNCTAD, Web. 23 Jan < - Restriction of Movement: The Paris Protocol. B Tselem The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories. B Tselem, 19 Sept Web. 23 Jan Research Report Page 8! of 9!

9 < - "Oslo Explained." Aljazeera America. Al Jazeera America, LLC., 13 Sept Web. 23 Jan < - The World Bank. Two Years after London: Restarting Palestinian Economic Recovery. The World Bank, 24 Sept Web. 23 Jan < %20economic%20recovery.pdf>. Research Report Page 9! of 9!

Circumstances and Prospects for Economic Cooperation Between Israel and its Neighbors

Circumstances and Prospects for Economic Cooperation Between Israel and its Neighbors Circumstances and Prospects for Economic Cooperation Between Israel and its Neighbors Presented by: David Boas Netanyah College, June 29th, 2004 Presentation Structure Selected data Principal economic

More information

Middle East Peace process

Middle East Peace process Wednesday, 15 June, 2016-12:32 Middle East Peace process The Resolution of the Arab-Israeli conflict is a fundamental interest of the EU. The EU s objective is a two-state solution with an independent,

More information

Reaching Vulnerable Children and Youth. June 16-17, 2004 The World Bank, Washington DC. Palestine (West Bank and Gaza)

Reaching Vulnerable Children and Youth. June 16-17, 2004 The World Bank, Washington DC. Palestine (West Bank and Gaza) Reaching Vulnerable Children and Youth June 16-17, 2004 The World Bank, Washington DC Palestine (West Bank and Gaza) Historical Background 1948 War Almost 800,000 Palestinians became refugees after the

More information

List of Publications September 2014

List of Publications September 2014 Palestine Economic Policy Research Institute (MAS) List of Publications September 2014 1. Macroeconomics and Development Climate A Legal Framework for Palestinian Development Planning, 2014. Problems and

More information

Figure 1: Palestine GDP growth (annual %)

Figure 1: Palestine GDP growth (annual %) In recent years, the Palestinian economy has been characterized by positive but weakening Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, high unemployment, and high pressure on real wages. 1 The Palestinian government

More information

The EU, the Mediterranean and the Middle East - A longstanding partnership

The EU, the Mediterranean and the Middle East - A longstanding partnership MEMO/04/294 Brussels, June 2004 Update December 2004 The EU, the Mediterranean and the Middle East - A longstanding partnership The EU Strategic Partnership with the Mediterranean and the Middle East 1

More information

The Impact of Decline in Oil Prices on the Middle Eastern Countries

The Impact of Decline in Oil Prices on the Middle Eastern Countries The Impact of Decline in Oil Prices on the Middle Eastern Countries Dr. Shah Mehrabi Professor of Economics Montgomery College Senior Economic Consultant and Member of the Supreme Council of the Central

More information

Challenges Facing the Asian-African States in the Contemporary. Era: An Asian-African Perspective

Challenges Facing the Asian-African States in the Contemporary. Era: An Asian-African Perspective Challenges Facing the Asian-African States in the Contemporary Era: An Asian-African Perspective Prof. Dr. Rahmat Mohamad At the outset I thank the organizers of this event for inviting me to deliver this

More information

Financed by the European Commission - MEDA Programme

Financed by the European Commission - MEDA Programme European Commission EuropeAid Cooperation Office Financed by the European Commission - MEDA Programme Cooperation project on the social integration of immigrants, migration, and the movement of persons

More information

CRS Report for Congress

CRS Report for Congress CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Order Code RS22370 Updated June 27, 2006 Summary U.S. Foreign Aid to the Palestinians Jeremy M. Sharp and Christopher M. Blanchard Analysts in Middle

More information

Follow-up issues. Summary

Follow-up issues. Summary UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL Distr. LIMITED E/ESCWA/2015/EC.1/3(Part II) 19 May 2015 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH E Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) Executive Committee First

More information

A Climate of Vulnerability International Protection, Palestinian Refugees and the al-aqsa Intifada One Year Later

A Climate of Vulnerability International Protection, Palestinian Refugees and the al-aqsa Intifada One Year Later BADIL Occasional Bulletin No. 08 September 2001 A Climate of Vulnerability International Protection, Palestinian Refugees and the al-aqsa Intifada One Year Later This Bulletin aims to provide a brief overview

More information

West Bank and Gaza Strip, UNRWA and the EU

West Bank and Gaza Strip, UNRWA and the EU Monday, 16 May, 2016-17:40 West Bank and Gaza Strip, UNRWA and the EU The European Union (EU) has a long-standing commitment to the vision of an independent and sovereign state of Palestine, living side

More information

What are the central challenges to finding peace between Palestinians and Jews living in Israel and Palestine?

What are the central challenges to finding peace between Palestinians and Jews living in Israel and Palestine? What are the central challenges to finding peace between Palestinians and Jews living in Israel and Palestine? 1. Introduction As Kelman (2005) noted, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has been ongoing

More information

Chapter 6 Foreign Aid

Chapter 6 Foreign Aid Chapter 6 Foreign Aid FOREIGN AID REPRESENTS JUST 1% OF THE FEDERAL BUDGET FOREIGN AID 1% Defense 19% Education 4% Health 10% Medicare 13% Income Security 16% Social Security 21% Net Interest 6% Veterans

More information

OPEN NEIGHBOURHOOD. Communicating for a stronger partnership: connecting with citizens across the Southern Neighbourhood

OPEN NEIGHBOURHOOD. Communicating for a stronger partnership: connecting with citizens across the Southern Neighbourhood OPEN NEIGHBOURHOOD Communicating for a stronger partnership: connecting with citizens across the Southern Neighbourhood OPINION POLL SECOND WAVE REPORT Spring 2017 A project implemented by a consortium

More information

On the Implications of Economic Borders Between Israel and Palestine. Arie Arnon

On the Implications of Economic Borders Between Israel and Palestine. Arie Arnon On the Implications of Economic Borders Between Israel and Palestine Arie Arnon Borders are viewed in the modern economic literature as another obstacle to the smooth functioning of healthy economic forces.

More information

Japan s Future Policies Towards the Middle East Peace Process: Recommendations

Japan s Future Policies Towards the Middle East Peace Process: Recommendations (Tentative translation) 26 July 2002 Japan s Future Policies Towards the Middle East Peace Process: Recommendations Middle East Peace Policy Study Group The Japan Institute of International Affairs 1.

More information

General Assembly Fourth Committee

General Assembly Fourth Committee Topic B: The Situation in the Middle East General Assembly Fourth Committee The pursuit of peace and progress cannot end in a few years in either victory or defeat. The pursuit of peace and progress, with

More information

Fact Sheet WOMEN S PARTICIPATION IN THE PALESTINIAN LABOUR FORCE: males

Fact Sheet WOMEN S PARTICIPATION IN THE PALESTINIAN LABOUR FORCE: males Fact Sheet WOMEN S PARTICIPATION IN THE PALESTINIAN LABOUR FORCE: -11 This fact sheet (1) presents an overview of women s employment status in terms of labour force participation, unemployment and terms

More information

Upgrading the Palestinian Authority to the Status of a State with Provisional Borders

Upgrading the Palestinian Authority to the Status of a State with Provisional Borders 1 Policy Product Upgrading the Palestinian Authority to the Status of a State with Provisional Borders Executive Summary This document analyzes the option of upgrading the Palestinian Authority (PA) to

More information

Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 9 December 2015

Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 9 December 2015 United Nations A/RES/70/85 General Assembly Distr.: General 15 December 2015 Seventieth session Agenda item 54 Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 9 December 2015 [on the report of the Special

More information

IMBALANCE FACTORS IN THE ARAB WORLD: CONFLICTS AND NATURAL WEALTH DEVALUATION

IMBALANCE FACTORS IN THE ARAB WORLD: CONFLICTS AND NATURAL WEALTH DEVALUATION IMBALANCE FACTORS IN THE ARAB WORLD: CONFLICTS AND NATURAL WEALTH DEVALUATION RALUCA IOANA OPREA PH. D. STUDENT, LUCIAN BLAGA UNIVERSITY OF SIBIU, ROMANIA, e-mail: raluca.neagu@ulbsibiu.ro / ralucaioana.oprea@gmail.com

More information

RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED AT THE TWENTY-EIGHTH SESSION OF ESCWA TUNIS, 18 SEPTEMBER 2014

RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED AT THE TWENTY-EIGHTH SESSION OF ESCWA TUNIS, 18 SEPTEMBER 2014 RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED AT THE TWENTY-EIGHTH SESSION OF ESCWA TUNIS, 18 SEPTEMBER 2014 A. TUNIS DECLARATION ON SOCIAL JUSTICE IN THE ARAB REGION 1. We, the representatives of the member States of the Economic

More information

UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL MEETING ON THE QUESTION OF PALESTINE

UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL MEETING ON THE QUESTION OF PALESTINE UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL MEETING ON THE QUESTION OF PALESTINE The role of youth and women in the peaceful resolution of the question of Palestine UNESCO Headquarters, Paris 30 and 31 May 2012 CHECK

More information

GLOBALIZATION, DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY REDUCTION: THEIR SOCIAL AND GENDER DIMENSIONS

GLOBALIZATION, DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY REDUCTION: THEIR SOCIAL AND GENDER DIMENSIONS TALKING POINTS FOR THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY ROUNDTABLE 1: GLOBALIZATION, DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY REDUCTION: THEIR SOCIAL AND GENDER DIMENSIONS Distinguished delegates, Ladies and gentlemen: I am pleased

More information

Gender and Economic Isolation in an Era of Globalization. Jennifer C. Olmsted Dept. of Economics Drew University

Gender and Economic Isolation in an Era of Globalization. Jennifer C. Olmsted Dept. of Economics Drew University Gender and Economic Isolation in an Era of Globalization Jennifer C. Olmsted Dept. of Economics Drew University jolmsted@drew.edu Globalization Definition More economic connectivity Trade finance Benefits

More information

The Economic Roadmap to Peace in the Middle East

The Economic Roadmap to Peace in the Middle East The Economic Roadmap to Peace in the Middle East US$ Billions 4.8 Palestinian Authority GDP 4.2 3.7 3.1 2.6 2.0 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 The Palestinian Authority Labor Market PA West Bank Gaza Employer

More information

Journal of Global Economics

Journal of Global Economics $ Journal of Global Economics Journal of Global Economics AlFar AEJ, Mdallalah SMA, Alkhoudary EA, J Glob Econ 2017, 5:3 DOI: Research Article OMICS International The Reflections of Israeli Siege over

More information

PALESTINE Union for the Mediterranean country fiche July 2013

PALESTINE Union for the Mediterranean country fiche July 2013 PALESTINE Union for the Mediterranean country fiche July 2013 Contents Key demographic and economic characteristics...3 Main political and social developments...4 Education and training outcomes...5 Labour

More information

Introduction ONE. Cambridge University Press Arab Economies in the Twenty-First Century Paul Rivlin Excerpt More information

Introduction ONE. Cambridge University Press Arab Economies in the Twenty-First Century Paul Rivlin Excerpt More information ONE Introduction This book examines the relationship between demographic growth and economic development in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Morocco, the Palestinian Territories, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Tunisia.

More information

AN ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION FOR AN END TO THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT THE BRITISH BACKED ROAD MAP TO PEACE

AN ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION FOR AN END TO THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT THE BRITISH BACKED ROAD MAP TO PEACE AN ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION FOR AN END TO THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT THE BRITISH BACKED ROAD MAP TO PEACE The plan detailed in this document has been created as an alternative to the performance-based

More information

Israeli Poll (#46) 7-12 December 2014; N=616 (Palestinian Poll (#54) 3-6 December 2014; N=1270)

Israeli Poll (#46) 7-12 December 2014; N=616 (Palestinian Poll (#54) 3-6 December 2014; N=1270) Israeli Poll (#46) 7-12 December 2014; N=616 (Palestinian Poll (#54) 3-6 December 2014; N=1270) *Listed below are the questions asked in the Israeli survey, and the comparable Palestinian questions. When

More information

AN OVERVIEW OF JORDANIAN MANUFACTURING SECTOR IN LIGHT OF CURRENT REGIONAL POLITICAL SITUATION

AN OVERVIEW OF JORDANIAN MANUFACTURING SECTOR IN LIGHT OF CURRENT REGIONAL POLITICAL SITUATION International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management United Kingdom Vol. VI, Issue 5, May 2018 http://ijecm.co.uk/ ISSN 2348 0386 AN OVERVIEW OF JORDANIAN MANUFACTURING SECTOR IN LIGHT OF CURRENT

More information

Palestinian Statehood, the Two-State Solution and Peace

Palestinian Statehood, the Two-State Solution and Peace Palestinian Statehood, the Two-State Solution and Peace Introduction Position Paper 1 August 2011 The General Delegation of Palestine to Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Introduction 1 Statehood

More information

SUMMARY LABOUR MARKET CONDITIONS POPULATION AND LABOUR FORCE. UNRWA PO Box Sheikh Jarrah East Jerusalem

SUMMARY LABOUR MARKET CONDITIONS POPULATION AND LABOUR FORCE. UNRWA PO Box Sheikh Jarrah East Jerusalem UNRWA PO Box 19149 Sheikh Jarrah East Jerusalem +97225890400 SUMMARY The Gaza labour market in secondhalf 2010 (H2 2010) showed growth in employment and unemployment relative to H2 2009. Comparing H1 and

More information

Inclusive growth and development founded on decent work for all

Inclusive growth and development founded on decent work for all Inclusive growth and development founded on decent work for all Statement by Mr Guy Ryder, Director-General International Labour Organization International Monetary and Financial Committee Washington D.C.,

More information

List of Publications July 2017

List of Publications July 2017 Palestine Economic Policy Research Institute (MAS) List of Publications July 2017 1. Macroeconomics and Development Climate Current Realities and opportunities for economic cooperation between Palestinians

More information

WORKING ENVIRONMENT. 74 UNHCR Global Appeal 2017 Update. UNHCR/Charlie Dunmore

WORKING ENVIRONMENT. 74 UNHCR Global Appeal 2017 Update. UNHCR/Charlie Dunmore WORKING ENVIRONMENT The situation in the Middle East and North Africa region remains complex and volatile, with multiple conflicts triggering massive levels of displacement. Safe, unimpeded and sustained

More information

The Political Economy of Governance in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership

The Political Economy of Governance in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership The Political Economy of Governance in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership Deliverable No. 10 Working Package 8 New Challenges: Regional Integration Working Package Summary: Working Package 8 New Challenges:

More information

Palestinian Women s Reality in Labor Market:

Palestinian Women s Reality in Labor Market: Int. Statistical Inst.: Proc. 58th World Statistical Congress, 2011, Dublin (Session STS039) p.2928 Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics Palestinian Women s Reality in Labor Market: 2000-2010 Jawad

More information

Palestinian Refugees. ~ Can you imagine what their life? ~ Moe Matsuyama, No.10A F June 10, 2011

Palestinian Refugees. ~ Can you imagine what their life? ~ Moe Matsuyama, No.10A F June 10, 2011 Palestinian Refugees ~ Can you imagine what their life? ~ Moe Matsuyama, No.10A3145003F June 10, 2011 Why did I choose this Topic? In this spring vacation, I went to Israel & Palestine. There, I visited

More information

Commissioner-General s opening Statement Advisory Commission Meeting Dead Sea, Jordan 17 November 2009

Commissioner-General s opening Statement Advisory Commission Meeting Dead Sea, Jordan 17 November 2009 Commissioner-General s opening Statement Advisory Commission Meeting Dead Sea, Jordan 17 November 2009 Distinguished Chair, Your Excellencies, Distinguished Delegates: I am pleased to join you today at

More information

Germany and the Middle East

Germany and the Middle East Working Paper Research Unit Middle East and Africa Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs Volker Perthes Germany and the Middle East (Contribution to

More information

PALESTINE RED CRESCENT SOCIETY

PALESTINE RED CRESCENT SOCIETY PALESTINE RED CRESCENT SOCIETY 14 May 2001 appeal no. 15/2001 situation report no. 1 period covered: 4-9 May 2001 This situation report follows the launch of appeal 15/01 and provides further detailed

More information

Fighting Hunger Worldwide. WFP Response to the Syria Crisis. Funding Appeal to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Fighting Hunger Worldwide. WFP Response to the Syria Crisis. Funding Appeal to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Fighting Hunger Worldwide WFP Response to the Syria Crisis Funding Appeal to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Emergency Food Assistance to Vulnerable Syrian Populations inside Syria and the Neighbouring Countries

More information

Investment and Business Environment in the Arab World

Investment and Business Environment in the Arab World Investment and Business Environment in the Arab World Tarik H. Alami Director, a.i. Economic Development and Globalization Division United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (UN-ESCWA)

More information

Renewing the mandate of UNDOF and reevaluating its mandate protocol in the Golan Heights conflict.

Renewing the mandate of UNDOF and reevaluating its mandate protocol in the Golan Heights conflict. Forum: Issue: Security Council Renewing the mandate of UNDOF and reevaluating its mandate protocol in the Golan Heights conflict. Student Officer: Pahul Singh Bhasin Position: Chair Introduction The world

More information

Socio-Economic Developments in the opt First Half 2008

Socio-Economic Developments in the opt First Half 2008 Socio-Economic Developments in the opt First Half Photography by: J.C. Tordai June 2009 All Rights Reserved UNRWA, 2009 Explanatory Note This report was originally produced as an internal document, part

More information

MIGRANT SUPPORT MEASURES FROM AN EMPLOYMENT AND SKILLS PERSPECTIVE (MISMES) LEBANON

MIGRANT SUPPORT MEASURES FROM AN EMPLOYMENT AND SKILLS PERSPECTIVE (MISMES) LEBANON MIGRANT SUPPORT MEASURES FROM AN EMPLOYMENT AND SKILLS PERSPECTIVE (MISMES) LEBANON 1 MIGRANT SUPPORT MEASURES FROM AN EMPLOYMENT AND SKILLS PERSPECTIVE (MISMES) In previous years, the ETF has conducted

More information

COUNTRY ANALYSIS 2005 WEST BANK & GAZA STRIP

COUNTRY ANALYSIS 2005 WEST BANK & GAZA STRIP COUNTRY ANALYSIS 2005 WEST BANK & GAZA STRIP WEST BANK AND GAZA STRIP ETF COUNTRY ANALYSIS 2005 Summary The West Bank and Gaza Strip (WBGS) is greatly affected by an unstable political situation and the

More information

Economic Conditions in Egypt: Current and Future. Gouda Abdel-Khalek. MEEA/AEA Panel

Economic Conditions in Egypt: Current and Future. Gouda Abdel-Khalek. MEEA/AEA Panel Economic Conditions in Egypt: Current and Future Gouda Abdel-Khalek MEEA/AEA Panel How to Transform the Arab Spring into Economic Spring? Challenges and Opportunities Contribution to MEEA/AEA Plenary Session

More information

Has Saudi Arabia Been a Positive Influence in the Middle East?

Has Saudi Arabia Been a Positive Influence in the Middle East? Has Saudi Arabia Been a Positive Influence in the Middle East? Published: February 19, 2004 SUSRIS Editor s Note: This article originally appeared in History in Dispute, Volume 14, The Middle East Since

More information

What are the push and pull factors that trigger migration into the European Union?

What are the push and pull factors that trigger migration into the European Union? What are the push and pull factors that trigger migration into the European Union? Written by Petra Bruno, Founder and Director of Studies on Development Policy of OSIR 17/05/2016 Table of Contents Introduction...2

More information

Ontario Model United Nations II. Disarmament and Security Council

Ontario Model United Nations II. Disarmament and Security Council Ontario Model United Nations II Disarmament and Security Council Committee Summary The First Committee of the United Nations General Assembly deals with disarmament, global challenges and threats to peace

More information

ACP-EU JOINT PARLIAMENTARY ASSEMBLY. Committee on Economic Development, Finance and Trade

ACP-EU JOINT PARLIAMENTARY ASSEMBLY. Committee on Economic Development, Finance and Trade ACP-EU JOINT PARLIAMENTARY ASSEMBLY Committee on Economic Development, Finance and Trade ACP-EU/101.516/B/13 18.08.2013 DRAFT REPORT on South-South cooperation and triangular cooperation: opportunities

More information

WikiLeaks Document Release

WikiLeaks Document Release WikiLeaks Document Release February 2, 2009 Congressional Research Service Report RS22002 Qualifying Industrial Zones in Jordan and Egypt Mary Jane Bolle, Alfred Prados, and Jeremy Sharp, Foreign Affairs,

More information

Thirty-ninth Session: Discussion Deputy Secretary General Ambassador Dr. Wafiq Zaher Kamil Delegate of Palestine

Thirty-ninth Session: Discussion Deputy Secretary General Ambassador Dr. Wafiq Zaher Kamil  Delegate of Palestine DEPORTATION OF PALESTINIANS AND OTHER ISRAELI PRACTICES AMONG THEM THE MASSIVE IMMIGRATION AND SETTLEMENT OF JEWS IN OCCUPIED TERRITORIES IN VIOLATION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW PARTICULARLY THE FOURTH GENEVA

More information

On the Surge of Inequality in the Mediterranean Region. Chahir Zaki Cairo University and Economic Research Forum

On the Surge of Inequality in the Mediterranean Region. Chahir Zaki Cairo University and Economic Research Forum On the Surge of Inequality in the Mediterranean Region Chahir Zaki chahir.zaki@feps.edu.eg Cairo University and Economic Research Forum A tale of three regions Resource poor countries Djibouti, Egypt,

More information

Determinants of International Migration in Egypt: Results of the 2013 Egypt-HIMS

Determinants of International Migration in Egypt: Results of the 2013 Egypt-HIMS Determinants of International Migration in Egypt: Results of the 2013 Egypt-HIMS Rawia El-Batrawy Egypt-HIMS Executive Manager, CAPMAS, Egypt Samir Farid MED-HIMS Chief Technical Advisor ECE Work Session

More information

Reducing Poverty in the Arab World Successes and Limits of the Moroccan. Lahcen Achy. Beirut, Lebanon July 29, 2010

Reducing Poverty in the Arab World Successes and Limits of the Moroccan. Lahcen Achy. Beirut, Lebanon July 29, 2010 Reducing Poverty in the Arab World Successes and Limits of the Moroccan Experience Lahcen Achy Beirut, Lebanon July 29, 2010 Starting point Morocco recorded an impressive decline in monetary poverty over

More information

The 2017 Israeli Foreign Policy Index of the Mitvim Institute

The 2017 Israeli Foreign Policy Index of the Mitvim Institute The 2017 Israeli Foreign Policy Index of the Mitvim Institute November 2017 The Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies The 2017 Israeli Foreign Policy Index Findings of the Mitvim Institute Poll

More information

HISAR SCHOOL JUNIOR MODEL UNITED NATIONS Globalization: Creating a Common Language. Advisory Panel

HISAR SCHOOL JUNIOR MODEL UNITED NATIONS Globalization: Creating a Common Language. Advisory Panel HISAR SCHOOL JUNIOR MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2018 Globalization: Creating a Common Language Advisory Panel Ensuring the safe resettlement of Syrian refugees RESEARCH REPORT Recommended by: Iris Benardete Forum:

More information

Recent events have forced many Israelis to

Recent events have forced many Israelis to ROBY NATHANSON Israelis and Palestinians: the Need for Economic Cooperation Recent events have forced many Israelis to reassess the cliché, which they firmly believed, especially after Oslo, that economic

More information

Briefing Paper Pakistan Floods 2010: Country Aid Factsheet

Briefing Paper Pakistan Floods 2010: Country Aid Factsheet August 2010 Briefing Paper Pakistan Floods 2010: Country Aid Factsheet Pakistan is in the grips of a major natural disaster with severe flooding affecting an estimated three million people. As the government

More information

EUROPEAN NEIGHBOURHOOD AND PARTNERSHIP INSTRUMENT ISRAEL STRATEGY PAPER & INDICATIVE PROGRAMME

EUROPEAN NEIGHBOURHOOD AND PARTNERSHIP INSTRUMENT ISRAEL STRATEGY PAPER & INDICATIVE PROGRAMME EUROPEAN NEIGHBOURHOOD AND PARTNERSHIP INSTRUMENT ISRAEL STRATEGY PAPER 2007-2013 & INDICATIVE PROGRAMME 2007-2010 1 Executive Summary This Country Strategy Paper (CSP) for Israel covers the period 2007-2013.

More information

THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS DEVELOPING ECONOMIES AND THE ROLE OF MULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS

THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS DEVELOPING ECONOMIES AND THE ROLE OF MULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS DEVELOPING ECONOMIES AND THE ROLE OF MULTILATERAL DEVELOPMENT BANKS ADDRESS by PROFESSOR COMPTON BOURNE, PH.D, O.E. PRESIDENT CARIBBEAN DEVELOPMENT BANK TO THE INTERNATIONAL

More information

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE ARAB STATES

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE ARAB STATES Distr. LIMITED E/ESCWA/SDD/2007/Brochure.1 5 February 2007 ENGLISH ORIGINAL: ARABIC ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR WESTERN ASIA (ESCWA) INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE ARAB STATES United

More information

Unified Industrial Development Strategy for the Arab States of the Gulf Cooperation Council (Revised Version)

Unified Industrial Development Strategy for the Arab States of the Gulf Cooperation Council (Revised Version) Unified Industrial Development Strategy for the Arab States of the Gulf Cooperation Council (Revised Version) 1421 A.H. 2000 A.D. Secretariat-General Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf

More information

Since the Vietnam War ended in 1975, the

Since the Vietnam War ended in 1975, the Commentary After the War: 25 Years of Economic Development in Vietnam by Bui Tat Thang Since the Vietnam War ended in 1975, the Vietnamese economy has entered a period of peaceful development. The current

More information

The 2018 Israeli Foreign Policy Index of the Mitvim Institute

The 2018 Israeli Foreign Policy Index of the Mitvim Institute The 2018 Israeli Foreign Policy Index of the Mitvim Institute October 2018 The Israeli Institute for Regional Foreign Policies The 2018 Israeli Foreign Policy Index Findings of the Mitvim Institute Poll

More information

The financial and economic crisis: impact and response in the Arab States

The financial and economic crisis: impact and response in the Arab States The financial and economic crisis: impact and response in the Arab States Tariq A. Haq Research Economist Employment Analysis and Research Unit Economic and Labour Market Analysis Department October 2010

More information

IS PEACE OSSIBLE? importance of issues

IS PEACE OSSIBLE? importance of issues IS PEACE OSSIBLE? israel jerusalem borders arab league plan opinions importance of issues settlements palestine clinton plan refugees main problems A report on a comprehensive survey of attitudes among

More information

Access to Israeli Labor Markets: Effects on the West Bank Economy

Access to Israeli Labor Markets: Effects on the West Bank Economy Paper prepared for the 18 th Annual Conference on Global Economic Analysis, June 17-19, 2015, Melbourne, Australia (Draft version) Access to Israeli Labor Markets: Effects on the West Bank Economy Johanes

More information

POLI 12D: International Relations Sections 1, 6

POLI 12D: International Relations Sections 1, 6 POLI 12D: International Relations Sections 1, 6 Spring 2017 TA: Clara Suong Chapter 10 Development: Causes of the Wealth and Poverty of Nations The realities of contemporary economic development: Billions

More information

Table I Annual Growth Rate of Registered Palestine Refugees and Female Percentage,

Table I Annual Growth Rate of Registered Palestine Refugees and Female Percentage, Table I Annual Growth Rate of Registered Palestine Refugees and Female Percentage, 1953-2000 Year Total Refugee Population Annual Growth Rate* Number of Females Female (%) 1953 870,158.. 430,483 49.5%

More information

Prepared for The Transformation of Palestine: Palestine and the Palestinians 60 Years after the Nakba, Heinrich Böll Stiftung, Berlin, March, 2010

Prepared for The Transformation of Palestine: Palestine and the Palestinians 60 Years after the Nakba, Heinrich Böll Stiftung, Berlin, March, 2010 Conference Paper US and EU Engagement for a Palestinian State Assumptions and Recommendations By Muriel Asseburg, Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik Berlin, 8 March 2010 Prepared for The Transformation

More information

Conflict THE COST OF. Middle East strife is exacting a heavy toll on regional economies. Phil de Imus, Gaëlle Pierre, and Björn Rother

Conflict THE COST OF. Middle East strife is exacting a heavy toll on regional economies. Phil de Imus, Gaëlle Pierre, and Björn Rother Conflict THE COST OF Middle East strife is exacting a heavy toll on regional economies Phil de Imus, Gaëlle Pierre, and Björn Rother PHOTO: ISTOCK / JCARILLET 18 FINANCE & DEVELOPMENT December 2017 Atmeh,

More information

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. INTERNATIONAL AND LOCAL AID DURING THE SECOND INTIFADA (Report III, December 2001)

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. INTERNATIONAL AND LOCAL AID DURING THE SECOND INTIFADA (Report III, December 2001) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTERNATIONAL AND LOCAL AID DURING THE SECOND INTIFADA (Report III, December 2001) An Analysis of Palestinian Public Opinion in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip on their Living Conditions

More information

2010 Arab Public Opinion Poll

2010 Arab Public Opinion Poll 2010 Arab Public Opinion Poll Conducted by the University of Maryland in conjunction with Zogby International With special thanks to the Carnegie Corporation of New York Shibley Telhami, Principal Investigator

More information

What does Palestine tell us about the humanitarian agenda? Mandy Turner, Dept of Peace Studies, University of Bradford

What does Palestine tell us about the humanitarian agenda? Mandy Turner, Dept of Peace Studies, University of Bradford What does Palestine tell us about the humanitarian agenda? Mandy Turner, Dept of Peace Studies, University of Bradford What does Palestine tell us about the humanitarian agenda? The role of state interests

More information

INTRODUCTION GEOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION GEOGRAPHY COUNTRY DATA: JORDAN : Information from the CIA World Factbook INTRODUCTION Following world war 1 and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, the UK received a mandate to govern much of the Middle East.

More information

ANALYSIS OF UNEMPLOYMENT CHALLENGES IN PALESTINE BETWEEN 2000 AND 2015

ANALYSIS OF UNEMPLOYMENT CHALLENGES IN PALESTINE BETWEEN 2000 AND 2015 Ahmed SALAMA Károly Ihrig Doctoral School of Management and Business, Faculty of Economics and Business University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary ANALYSIS OF UNEMPLOYMENT CHALLENGES IN PALESTINE BETWEEN

More information

Understanding Youth in Arab Countries:

Understanding Youth in Arab Countries: MPRA Munich Personal RePEc Archive Understanding Youth in Arab Countries: Tahar Harkat and Ahmed Driouchi IEAPS, Al Akhawayn University 10 January 2018 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/83843/

More information

Palestinian National Authority Ministry of Women Affairs Palestine 15 August, September,2010

Palestinian National Authority Ministry of Women Affairs Palestine 15 August, September,2010 Palestinian National Authority Ministry of Women Affairs Palestine 15 August,2010-26 September,2010 Done by: Tana Imseeh Director of the Deputy Minister Office 2009/2010 1. Basic Information of Palestin

More information

The Levant Security project was launched in 2006 as part of the Stanley

The Levant Security project was launched in 2006 as part of the Stanley Executive Summary The Levant Security project was launched in 2006 as part of the Stanley Foundation s larger US and Middle East Security initiative. The overall objective was to explore how multilateral

More information

UNDP: Urgent job creation on a mass scale key to stability in the Arab region

UNDP: Urgent job creation on a mass scale key to stability in the Arab region Strictly embargoed until 14 March 2013, 12:00 PM EDT (New York), 4:00 PM GMT (London) UNDP: Urgent job creation on a mass scale key to stability in the Arab region Mexico City, 14 March 2013 Arab States

More information

Departamento de Medio Oriente

Departamento de Medio Oriente Departamento de Medio Oriente GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL 19th GCC-EU JOINT COUNCIL AND MINISTERIAL MEETING Muscat, 29 April 2009 1. Upon the invitation of the Sultanate of Oman, the current chair of the

More information

the West Bank and Gaza

the West Bank and Gaza Strategy for development cooperation with the West Bank and Gaza July 2008 December 2011 SWEDISH GOVERNMENT OFFICES Ministry for Foreign Affairs Middle East and North Africa Department Strategy for Swedish

More information

Executive summary. Strong records of economic growth in the Asia-Pacific region have benefited many workers.

Executive summary. Strong records of economic growth in the Asia-Pacific region have benefited many workers. Executive summary Strong records of economic growth in the Asia-Pacific region have benefited many workers. In many ways, these are exciting times for Asia and the Pacific as a region. Dynamic growth and

More information

HISTORY - OUTLINE STUDY DEVELOPING RELATIONS IN PALESTINE, ISRAEL AND THE MIDDLE EAST, /02

HISTORY - OUTLINE STUDY DEVELOPING RELATIONS IN PALESTINE, ISRAEL AND THE MIDDLE EAST, /02 GCSE MARK SCHEME SUMMER 2015 HISTORY - OUTLINE STUDY DEVELOPING RELATIONS IN PALESTINE, ISRAEL AND THE MIDDLE EAST, 1919-2000 4373/02 INTRODUCTION The marking schemes which follow were those used by WJEC

More information

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL AND THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT. The European Union and Iraq

COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL AND THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT. The European Union and Iraq COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, 9.6.2004 COM(2004) 417 final COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL AND THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT The European Union and Iraq A Framework for Engagement

More information

Action Fiche for Syria. 1. IDENTIFICATION Engaging Youth, phase II (ENPI/2011/ ) Total cost EU contribution: EUR 7,300,000

Action Fiche for Syria. 1. IDENTIFICATION Engaging Youth, phase II (ENPI/2011/ ) Total cost EU contribution: EUR 7,300,000 Action Fiche for Syria 1. IDENTIFICATION Title/Number Engaging Youth, phase II (ENPI/2011/276-801) Total cost EU contribution: EUR 7,300,000 Aid method / Method of implementation Project approach Joint

More information

Advisory Commission of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East

Advisory Commission of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East WA UNR Advisory Commission of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East Distr.: General Date of Distribution Original: English UNRWA/CN/SR/2008/04 Extra-ordinary

More information

Iranian Public Attitudes toward Iran s Nuclear Program

Iranian Public Attitudes toward Iran s Nuclear Program University of Tehran Center for Public Opinion Research (UTCPOR) Iranian Public Attitudes toward Iran s Nuclear Program Dates of Survey: October 20-26, 2014 National (Urban and Rural) Probability Sample

More information

Palestine refugees in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. UNRWA: Contribution to the 2008 Regular Budget

Palestine refugees in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. UNRWA: Contribution to the 2008 Regular Budget ACTION FICHE FOR OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORY DESCRIPTION OF THE OPERATION Beneficiaries: Implementing Organisation: Operation title: Amount Implementing Method Palestine refugees in Jordan, Lebanon,

More information

GCC labour Migration governance

GCC labour Migration governance GCC labour Migration governance UNITED NATIONS EXPERT GROUP MEETING ON INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

More information

ASEAN Economic Community (AEC): Can ASEAN learn from the EU?

ASEAN Economic Community (AEC): Can ASEAN learn from the EU? ASEAN Economic Community (AEC): Can ASEAN learn from the EU? Dr Patrick Ziegenhain Visiting Professor Dept of Business Administration Atma Jaya Catholic University Jakarta 23 February 2016 ASEAN ASEAN

More information

Good Jobs for Jerusalem How to support Palestinian entrepreuneurship in East Jerusalem?

Good Jobs for Jerusalem How to support Palestinian entrepreuneurship in East Jerusalem? tepav Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey Good Jobs for Jerusalem How to support Palestinian entrepreuneurship in East Jerusalem? Güven Sak May 13, 2014 Slide 2 Framework Role of Turkish private

More information

4 September Permanent Status negotiations:

4 September Permanent Status negotiations: The Sharm el-sheikh Memorandum on Implementation Timeline of Outstanding Commitments of Agreements Signed and the Resumption of Permanent Status Negotiations 4 September 1999 The Government of the State

More information