A Demographic Portrait of Occupational Outcomes for Immigrants in the Saint Louis Metropolitan Region

Transcription

1 A Demographic Portrait of Occupational Outcomes for Immigrants in the Saint Louis Metropolitan Region J.S. Onésimo Sandoval Associate Professor and Co-Director of the Public and Social Policy Ph.D. Program Saint Louis University Pedro Ruiz Ph.D. Student in the Ph.D. Program for Public and Social Policy Saint Louis University

2 Outline of Presentation Motivation Research Objectives Research Design and Data Empirical Findings Summary

3 MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDY

4 Foreign-born Population Trends Foreign-born population 130, ,074 49,833 80, % increase in the foreign-born population since

5 The pre-tabulated tables provide important information but we are limited with our analysis. For example, we only have five occupational categories.

6 The goal of this study was to develop a methodology to allow researchers and non-profit organizations to answer any question beyond the pre-tabulated tables.

7 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

8 Three Objectives Develop a methodology to study occupational outcomes by demographic characteristics for: Unemployed foreign-born workers Employed foreign-born workers Underemployed foreign-born workers STEM occupations Develop a methodology to map the results for the Saint Louis Region Develop a methodology to allow for comparisons with other regions in future studies

9 RESEARCH DESIGN AND DATA

10 Data American Community Survey Aggregate Data from American FactFinder American Community Survey IPUMS 5 year sample ( ) PUMA Geography for maps Analytical Plan for Occupational Outcomes Unemployed foreign-born workers Employed foreign-born workers Underemployed foreign-born workers working but living in poverty working in an occupation not using their education STEM foreign-born workers

11 KEY DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS

12 Immigrants are still trying to understand the concept of U.S. racial categories Slightly less than half of the immigrants had a college or post-college education

13 NUMBER OF COUNTRIES FOR EACH RACIAL CATEGORY countries werr represented by the working age immigrant population ASIAN BLACK LATINO OTHER WHITE Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

14 RACE OF WORKING-AGE IMMIGRANT POPULATION 10% 20% 2% 32% 36% 36% of the workingage immigrant population was Asian ASIAN BLACK LATINO OTHER WHITE Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

15 EDUCATION 19% 25% 56% 56% of working-age immigrants had less than a college education LESS THAN COLLEGE EDUCATION COLLEGE EDUCATION POST COLLEGE EDUCATION Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

16 QUESTION #1 HOW MUCH TALENT DO WE HAVE IN THE REGION THAT IS UNDER-UTILIZED?

17 79,149 IMMIGRANT POPULATION IN SAINT LOUIS, MO 73,848 13% of employed immigrants were underemployed 20,948 28% 5,301 9,604 of employed immigrants are in STEM occupations IN LABOR MARKET UNEMPLOYED WORKING UNDEREMPLOYED STEM Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

18 QUESTION #2 WHO ARE THE UNEMPLOYED IMMIGRANTS?

19 UNEMPLOYED 27% 36% 25% 36% of unemployed immigrants were White 7% 5% 7% of unemployed immigrants were Black ASIAN BLACK LATINO OTHER WHITE Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

20 UNEMPLOYED 9% 71% 20% 71% of unemployed immigrants had less than a college education LESS THAN COLLEGE EDUCATION COLLEGE EDUCATION POST COLLEGE EDUCATION Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

21 UNEMPLOYED BUSINESS, FINANCE, ARTS & SCIENCE SALES, OFFICE & EDUCATION HEALTHCARE SERVICES FARMING CONSTRUCTION & EXTRACTION TRANSPORTATION PRODUCTION PROTECTIVE & MILITARY 1% 4% 8% 12% 11% 20% 20% 24% Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz. 24% of unemployed immigrants were classified as protective and military

22 QUESTION #3 WHO ARE THE EMPLOYED IMMIGRANTS?

23 EMPLOYED 2% 31% 20% 36% 36% of employed immigrants were Asian 10% 31% of employed immigrants were White ASIAN BLACK LATINO OTHER WHITE Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

24 EMPLOYED 18% 26% 55% 55% of employed immigrants had less than a college education LESS THAN COLLEGE EDUCATION COLLEGE EDUCATION POST COLLEGE EDUCATION Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

25 EMPLOYED 28% of employed immigrants were in Business, Finance, Arts, and Science BUSINESS, FINANCE, ARTS & SCIENCE SALES, OFFICE & EDUCATION HEALTHCARE SERVICES FARMING CONSTRUCTION & EXTRACTION TRANSPORTATION PRODUCTION PROTECTIVE & MILITARY 0% 0% 5% 10% 16% 19% 21% 28% Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

26 QUESTION #4 WHO ARE THE UNDEREMPLOYED IMMIGRANTS?

27 UNDEREMPLOYED 1% 13% 26% 25% 35% 35% of underemployed immigrants were Latino ASIAN BLACK LATINO OTHER WHITE Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

28 UNDEREMPLOYED 29% 17% 54% 46% of underemployed immigrants had a college or post-college education LESS THAN COLLEGE EDUCATION COLLEGE EDUCATION POST COLLEGE EDUCATION Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

29 UNDEREMPLOYED BUSINESS, FINANCE, ARTS & SCIENCE SALES, OFFICE & EDUCATION HEALTHCARE SERVICES FARMING CONSTRUCTION & EXTRACTION TRANSPORTATION PRODUCTION PROTECTIVE & MILITARY 2% 2% 0% 9% 12% 16% 26% 34% Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz. 34% of underemployed immigrants were in services

30 QUESTION #5 WHO ARE THE IMMIGRANTS IN STEM OCCUPATIONS?

31 TOP 10 STEM OCCUPATIONS COMPUTER AND INFOMRATION SYSTEMS MANAGE MANAGEMENT ANALYSTS COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS SOFTWARE DEVELOPERS COMPUTER OCCUPATIONS PHYSICAL SCIENTISTS POSTSECONDARY TEACHERS PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS REGISTERED NURSES 6% 6% 6% 5% 8% 7% 11% 15% 18% 18% Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz. 25% of STEM immigrants were in occupations related to computers

32 TOP TEN STEM 10% 6% 3% 19% ASIAN BLACK LATINO OTHER WHITE 63% 63% of STEM immigrations were Asian Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

33 STEM 25% 8% 67% 67% of STEM immigrants had a post-college education LESS THAN COLLEGE EDUCATION COLLEGE EDUCATION POST COLLEGE EDUCATION Source: American Community Survey Year sample, IPUMS-USA, University of Minnesota, Figure created by Sandoval and Ruiz.

34 QUESTION #6 IS THERE A SPATIAL PATTERN FOR IMMIGRANTS?

35 St. Louis City had the largest concentration of working-age immigrants

36 St. Louis County had the largest concentration of STEM workers

37 SUMMARY

38 General Conclusions 7% of working age immigrants were unemployed 13% of working immigrants were underemployed 1 out of 4 (28%) working immigrants are in STEM

39 Specific Trends by Occupation 96% in military or protective occupations were unemployed immigrants. Business, Finance, Arts, and Science was the largest occupation category (28%) followed by Sales, Office, and Education (21%) for the employed immigrants. Services occupation accounted for the largest number of underemployed immigrants. Of the top 10 STEM occupation, 1 out of 4 (25%) jobs were in a computer field.