Study Guide Chapter 3 Americans, Citizenship, and Governments

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1 Study Guide Chapter 3 Americans, Citizenship, and Governments 1) immigrant: an individual who moves permanently to a new country Key Vocabulary Terms: 10) naturalization: a legal process to obtain citizenship 2) ethnic group: a group of people who share a common national, cultural, or racial background 3) values: the general principles or beliefs people use to make judgments and decisions 4) institution: a key practice, relationship, or organization in a society 5) popular sovereignty: the idea the government receives its power from the people 6) citizen: a member of a community of people who owe loyalty to a government and, in turn, are entitled to its protection 7) civics: the study of the rights and duties of citizens 8) citizenship: the rights and duties of citizens 9) government: the ruling authority for a community 11) alien: a foreign-born resident of the United States who has not been naturalized 12) refugee: a person who has left his or her home to escape danger such as persecution by the government, war, or natural disaster 13) responsibility: an obligation that we meet of our own free will 14) duty: an action we are required to perform 15) tolerance: respecting and accepting others, regardless of their beliefs, practices, or differences 16) welfare: the health, prosperity, and happiness of the members of a community 17) volunteerism: the practice of offering your time and services to others without receiving payment Page 1

2 18) public policy: the decisions and actions a government takes to solve problems in the community 19) representative democracy: a government in which citizens choose a smaller group to govern on their behalf 20) constitutional monarchy: monarchy in which the power of the hereditary ruler is limited by the country s constitution and laws 21) majority rule: political principle providing that a majority of the members of a community has the power to make laws binding upon all the people 22) authoritarian regime: a government in which one leader or group of people holds absolute power 23) totalitarian: describes a system in which government control extends to almost all aspects of people s lives 24) ideology: a body of ideas about life and society Page 2

3 Lesson 3-1 Study Guide: Being an American True / False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. Native Americans, who were the first settlers in what is now the United States, spoke hundreds of different languages. A. True B. False 2. By 1807, approximately 500,000 Africans had been brought to the United States unwillingly and forced into slavery. A. True B. False 3. White-collar workers are employed in factories. A. True B. False 4. According to most scholars, the very first people to arrive in North America probably came from Asia about 20,000 years ago. A. True B. False 5. Today, more than half of all the people in the United States who were born in another country come from Asia. A. True B. False Page 3

4 Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 6. The French came to North America beginning in the 1600s and mostly settled in what is now A. California. B. Canada. C. Florida. D. Texas. 7. In the 1600s, the thirteen original colonies of the United States were created mostly by A. English immigrants. B. French immigrants. C. Native Americans. D. Spanish immigrants. 8. The started the first farms and a town in what is now New York City. A. Dutch B. Germans C. Irish D. Spanish 9. The discovery of gold in 1848 drew many immigrants to A. California. B. Delaware. C. Florida. D. New York. 10. are the key practices, relationships, and organizations in a society. A. Ethnic groups B. Immigrants C. Institutions D. Values Subjective Short Answer 11. What are three common values of U.S. citizens? Page 4

5 Lesson 3-2 Study Guide: Becoming a Citizen Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Citizens are members of a community who a government and are entitled to the protection of that government. A. limit the rights of B. owe loyalty to C. owe nothing to D. rule over 2. Congress made all Native Americans United States citizens in A B C D Which person would need to go through the naturalization process to become a United States citizen? A. a girl born in Canada to two Canadian parents B. a girl born in Germany to parents who are U.S. citizens C. a boy born in Puerto Rico to parents who are not U.S. citizens D. twins born on a U.S. military base in Iraq 4. The citizenship exam tests the applicant s A. ability to read, write, and speak English B. ability to serve in the U.S. armed forces C. knowledge of U.S. traffic laws D. knowledge of world history 5. Which person would lose United States citizenship? A. a person convicted of murder B. a person found guilty of treason C. a person who chooses dual citizenship D. a person who takes part in a nonviolent protest Page 5

6 Matching Match each term with its definition. A. alien B. citizen C. government D. naturalization E. refugee 6. legal process to obtain citizenship 7. a person who has left his or her home to escape danger such as war, persecution by the government, or natural disaster 8. the ruling authority for a community 9. a foreign-born resident of the United States who has not been naturalized 10. a member of a community of people who owe loyalty to a government and, in turn, are entitled to its protection 11) What are the natural born methods of becoming a United States citizen? Page 6

7 12) What are the requirements to become a naturalized citizen? 13) What are the steps to becoming a naturalized citizen? 14) What are some ways that Americans can lose their citizenship? Page 7

8 Lesson 3-3 Study Guide: Duties and Responsibilities of American Citizens Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The duties of American citizens include obeying laws, paying taxes, defending the nation, serving in court, and A. attending church. B. attending school. C. volunteering. D. voting. 2. Taxes provide of the money government needs to keep running. A. all B. a small amount C. most D. none 3. is a responsibility of a citizen. A. Saving money B. Spending money C. Staying informed D. Running for office 4. Which of the following is an example of contributing to the common good? A. advertising a physical therapy practice in the local newspaper B. donating food to a food pantry for the poor C. spending an afternoon working in your garden D. writing a letter to a newspaper about a spelling mistake printed in a job ad 5. The U.S. government has of support for volunteerism. A. a long history B. a negative view C. a poor record D. no history Page 8

9 Matching Match each term with its definition. A. draft B. duty C. register D. responsibility E. tolerance 6. an obligation that we meet of our own free will 7. a call for military service 8. respecting and accepting others, regardless of their beliefs, practices, or differences 9. to record or enroll formally 10. an action that we are required to perform Subjective Short Answer 11. Name at least two duties, responsibilities, or privileges of citizenship that aliens cannot exercise. 12) Why is it an important duty for citizens to serve on juries? Page 9

10 Lesson 3-4 Study Guide: Forms of Government Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is a job of the government? A. limit travel B. make laws C. manage information D. provide merchandise 2. Which of the following develops plans to reach public policy goals? A. government B. private companies C. the armed forces D. the courts 3. Which branch of government has the highest level of authority? A. city B. county C. federal D. state 4. Which of the following is a feature of totalitarian states? A. government controls industries B. government holds free and fair elections C. people have individual freedom D. people may form opposition groups 5. Totalitarian rulers use scare tactics, violence, and to force people to obey their ideology. A. elections B. individual freedom C. propaganda D. state industries Page 10

11 Completion Enter the appropriate word(s) to complete the statement. 6. In a republic, have a role in choosing who the head of state will be. 7. A government with a constitution that limits the power of a hereditary ruler is called a. 8. In contrast to a unitary system of government, a system of government divides power at the local, state, and national levels. 9. Under the principle of, citizens agree to abide by what more than half the people want. 10. Dictators are like absolute monarchs, in that they exercise complete over the state. 16) What are the four main functions of government? 25) Describe the relationship and division of powers between the federal and state governments. Page 11

12 Chapter 3 Review (Lessons 1-4) True / False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. 1. States can take away the citizenship of their residents. A) True B) False 2. The United States limits the number of immigrants to about one million a year. A) True B) False 3. Since 1973, only volunteers have served in the United States armed forces. A) True B) False 4. Federal systems of government and unitary systems of government have the same power structure. A) True B) False 5. In a democracy, people agree to abide by rules that the minority of people want. A) True B) False Multiple Choice Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 6. Volunteerism involves giving to others without receiving payment. A) money B) orders C) responsibilities D) time and services 7. Which country was the world s oldest direct democracy? A) France B) Great Britain C) Greece D) The United States 8. Libraries, hospitals, parks, and are examples of services run by the government. A) airlines B) newspapers C) schools D) sports teams Page 12

13 9. Where did the concept of citizenship begin? A) ancient China B) ancient Rome and Greece C) Medieval Europe D) United States 10. Which of the following is an example of an important American institution? A) Philadelphia B) the environment C) the family D) the Washington Monument 11. Which of the following accurately states current U.S. immigration policy? A) The United States accepts aliens only if they are related to U.S. citizens. B) The United States accepts all immigrants. C) The United States accepts only relatives of naturalized aliens. D) The United States gives highest priority to relatives of U.S. citizens. 12. When U.S. citizens elect members of Congress, they are practicing A) authoritarianism. B) direct democracy. C) representative democracy. D) totalitarianism. Matching Match each item with its definition. A) authoritarian regime B) civics C) ethnic group D) naturalization E) welfare 13. the study of the rights and duties of citizens 14. people who share a common national, cultural, or racial background 15. a legal process to obtain citizenship 16. the health, prosperity, and happiness of the members of a community 17. a government in which one leader or group of people holds absolute power Page 13

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