Profile of Migration and Remittances: Bulgaria

Transcription

1 Profile of Migration and Remittances: Bulgaria June 2012 This profile of migration and in Bulgaria, as well as similar profiles for EU 10 and Western Balkan countries, attempts to provide consistent and reliable estimates of migration and. The profile also provides information on regulations on migration and. The goal of this profile is to promote improvement in data collection, monitoring of migration and remittance trends, as well as to inform policy makers and other stakeholders working on migration and. This profile will be updated annually using all available national and international sources. This country profile covers the following areas: (1) Migration stocks and flows (2) Remittances flows and channels (3) Regulations pertaining to migration and 1

2 (1) Migration stocks and flows Emigrant Stocks Table 1: Number of emigrants in 2010 (thousands) Destination Emigrant stock CIS Moldova 42.9 EU France 16.5 Germany 74.7 Greece 54.0 Italy 43.5 Spain Turkey United Kingdom 35.4 Other Canada 18.6 United States 33.6 Other countries 97.6 Total 1,201.2 Note: Data is for foreign born population in the destination country. Foreign nationality data is used where this data is not available. Source: Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011 Table 2: Stock of Bulgarian emigrants by destination and by educational attainment, 2000 (persons) Destination Low Medium High Total America 1,300 6,916 23,387 31,604 Europe (including EU15) 30,797 26,256 24,028 81,081 EU15 28,267 21,676 20,058 70,001 Asia and Oceania 212, ,636 28, ,879 Note: Low primary or 0 8 years of education; Medium secondary or 9 12 years of education; High tertiary or 13 years or more of education. This data is for migrants of age 25+ in most cases. Source: Docquier, Frédéric and Abdeslam Marfouk, International Migration by Educational Attainment Release 1.1. March Table 3: Emigration of Physicians, stocks Year Number of physician emigrants Number of physicians in Bulgaria Medical Brain Drain , % , % 2

3 , % , % , % , % , % , % , % , % , % , % ,034 26, % ,091 26, % Source: Bhargava, Alok, Frédéric Docquier and Yasser Moullan. Revised panel data set on physician emigration ( ). February Immigrant Stocks Table 4: Immigrant stock in 2010 (foreign nationals, thousands) Emigrant Destination stock EU Turkey 98.1 Other Other countries 9.1 Total Source: Migration and Remittances Factbook 2011 Table 5: Immigrant stock in 1999 by gender and age group (foreign born, thousands) Age Group Male Female Total , , ,362 1,277 2, ,621 2,168 4, ,476 1,562 3, ,403 1,622 3, ,613 2,127 3, ,344 2,683 4, ,475 3, ,638 2, , ,045 2,04 3,085 3

4 ,163 1,597 2, ,119 1,49 2, ,129 1, ,576 Total 18,433 25,393 43,826 Source: Bulgaria Census 2001 via UN Global Migration Database. Migration flows Table 6: Flows of international migrants, persons Immigrants Emigrants Age group Under ,460 1, ,211 1, ,670 1, ,963 3,406 1, ,988 4,523 1, ,198 3,493 1, ,574 2,891 1, ,303 2, ,025 1, , Total 1,561 1,236 3,310 3,518 4,722 2,958 2,112 19,039 27,708 9,517 Source:Bulgaria Census 2011 Refugee population Table 7: Refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced persons 4 Country of asylum: Bulgaria Country of origin: Bulgaria Refugees 5,688 2,327 People in refugee like situations Total refugees and people in refugee like situations 5,688 2,327 Asylum seekers (pending cases) 1, Returned refugees IDPs protected/ assisted by UNHCR, incl. people in

5 IDP like situations Returned IDPs Stateless persons Various Total population of concern 7,072 2,504 Source: UNHCR 2011 Global Trends (2) Remittance flows and channels Remittance flows Table 8: Quarterly remittance flows (BPM5 Framework)* Inflows (US $, millions) Outflows Workers' Compensation of employees Migrants' transfers Migrant Workers' Compensation of employees Migrants' transfers Migrant 2008 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Source: IMF Balance of Payments Database * BPM5: The sixth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6, the Manual) published in 1993 serves as the standard framework for statistics on the transactions and positions between an economy and the rest of the world. Table 9: Annual remittance flows (BPM5 Framework)* Inflows (US $, millions) Outflows 5

6 Workers' Compensation of employees Migrants' transfers Migrant Workers' Compensation of employees Migrants' transfers Migrant , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Source: IMF Balance of Payments Database * BPM5: The sixth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6, the Manual) published in 1993 serves as the standard framework for statistics on the transactions and positions between an economy and the rest of the world. Table 10: Annual remittance flows (BPM6 Framework)* Inflows Outflows Compensation of employees Personal transfers o.w. Workers Personal Total Total and transfers Note: This section is currently blank but will be filled when BPM6 is implemented in Bulgaria * BPM6: The sixth edition of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6, the Manual) published in 2007 serves as the standard framework for statistics on the transactions and positions between an economy and the rest of the world. Channels of flows providers Information flows through commercial banks, post offices, savings cooperatives, microfinance institutions, mobile money transfers is currently unavailable. Remittance costs Table 11: Cost of sending to Bulgaria from Spain (percent) from United Kingdom (percent) Amount Amount sent=> $200 $500 sent=> $200 $500 6

7 Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Source: World Bank Remittance Price Database (3) Regulations pertaining to migration and Table 12: Regulations pertaining to migration Immigration topic Regulation Institutions responsible for immigration Migration Directorate within the Ministry of Interior, State Agency for Refugees Immigration regulations and laws Immigration quotas by nationality of origin Types of visas available for immigrants Policy framework for migration management, European Community law in the field of free movement of workers etc. Types of occupations in which immigrants are allowed Emigration topic Institutions responsible for emigration Restrictions on emigration Cost of passports and visas yes 7

8 Dual citizenship Table 13: Regulations pertaining to Remittances topic Regulation Institutions responsible for monitoring and National Bank of Bulgaria, regulating Types of private sector firms allowed to perform inward and outward remittance transactions Money transfer firms (Western Union, MoneyGram, etc) Reporting requirement for data Reporting requirements exist but are different by type of by commercial banks and other types of provider. remittance service providers Restrictions on inward/outward transfers No restrictions Anti money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML CFT) requirements Law on the Measures against Money Laundering, f 24 July