Making Trade Work for Jobs
|
|
- Roland Moody
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Making Trade Work for Jobs Dipak Dasgupta The World Bank MDF4 Amman, October 8, 22
2 The Employment Challenge in MENA: Unemployment high and rising Unemployment rates in MENA region are among the highest in the world; they range from 1% (Egypt) to 29% (Algeria) and average around 2% Labor force is growing faster than employment growth in MENA countries---tripling open unemployment rates between Real wages fell by 3-5% in 198-9, and have stagnated or fallen since
3 Vastly More Jobs Needed in Future 5 million new jobs need to be created over the next 1 years to employ expected additional job seekers---four times bigger than in Europe &C.Asia, about same as in all of Latin America, a region 3 times bigger in size (GDP), and 2/3rds in all of Sub-Saharan Africa. Employed workforce would need to rise by almost 6% in 1 years; this was not accomplished even by East Asia in its period of high growth 6.5 million new jobs required annually, just to cut the present unemployment rate by half
4 Unemployment Severest Among Young, Educated, & Female. Sixty percent unemployed are first-time job seekers. Unemployment rates are 2.7 times and 1.4 times higher for jobseekers aged and 2-24 years old. Female unemployment in MENA is severe (unemployed as % of female labor force) MENA Has the Greatest Problem in Educated Unemployed, highinc MICs mena Probability of Unemploy ment % mena mic highinc sec ter prim
5 Previous engines have run their course govt. jobs, migration, agriculture MENA public employment is already high 53% in Algeria, 35% in Egypt, 32% Jordan, 2% in Morocco versus 6% in all DCs and 18% in OECD. Queuing for public sector jobs growing, as resources for public sector expansion have dissipated Migration opportunities, 1% of workforce in Egypt, are slowing Agriculture employment, 3% of workforce, is falling Egyptian Workers Abroad, Stagnant Since
6 Trade expansion has promoted job creation in many countries Trade expansion, especially in the form of rising exports of manufactured goods, has been a major source of job creation in many countries Examples include Mexico after NAFTA, east Asian economies before the crisis of 1997, and accession countries in ECA But equally, many others have not gained, as in large parts of Latin America and elsewhere
7 Mexico: Big jump in manufactured exports and employment after NAFTA in Employment in manufacturing and manufacturing exports/gdp (% of Working age population) Percent 7 3 Manufacturing Exports 6.8 (% of GDP) (Right axis) Employment in manufacturing (Left axis) Source: Employment data are from OECD-STAN. Working age population, manufacturing exports and GDP data are from WDI World Bank
8 Indonesia: Big jump in manufactured exports and employment after reforms in Employment in manufacturing and manufacturing exports/gdp (% of Working age population) Percent Employment in manufacturing (Left axis) Exports in manufacturing (% of GDP) Source: Employment and Manufacturing exports data are from Unido. Working age population data are from WDI World Bank
9 Morocco: Employment and Exports Go Together---Rising in 8s, Stagnant in 9s Morocco: Manufacturing Employment and exports/gdp (% of Working age population) Percent 3.3 Employment in 3.1 manufacturing (Left axis) 2.9 Exports in 2.7 manufacturing (% of GDP) (Right axis) Source: Employment data are from Unido. Manufacturing exports are from WITS-UN. Working age population data are from WDI World Bank
10 Cross-country regression results show robust positive link between trade flows and jobs in the manufacturing sector Employment in industry unexplained by factors other than trade openness (as a ratio of total working-age population; in logarithm) 1.6 R 2 = Developing countries Foreign trade flows in per cent of GDP
11 However, in MENA, trade expansion has contributed little to the creation of jobs in manufacturing Employment in industry (as a ratio of total working-age population; in %) Egypt Tunisia 4 2 Algeria Non-oil merchandise exports; in per cent of GDP
12 Possible causes of weak impact of trade on jobs in MENA: Exports are concentrated in resource-based, low value-added products, whose growth has only a limited impact on labor demand and employment; In hydrocarbon-rich countries, manufactured exports are concentrated in the downstream energy industries, which are capital-intensive and have only a limited impact on job creation; FDI remains limited, because MENA trade is poorly integrated into rapidly expanding cross-border production sharing networks. Weak responsiveness of foreign and domestic investment reduces the impact of trade liberalization on job creation. Over-valued exchange rates can devastate firm competitiveness, as in Egypt, as can financial sector imperfections Labor markets---public sector, wage rigidities
13 Weaknesses in the investment climate play a critical role and trade creates more jobs in developing countries that attract large amounts of FDI Employment in industry unexplained by factors other than non-oil merchandise exports (as a ratio of total working-age population; in logarithm) 1.2 R 2 = Developing countries Large FDI recipients Non-oil merchandise exports; in per cent of GDP
14 while trade expansion does not significantly add to jobs when investment climate is weak and FDI is low Employment in industry unexplained by factors other than non-oil merchandise exports (as a ratio of total working-age population; in logarithm) Developing countries Low FDI recipients R 2 = Non-oil merchandise exports; in per cent of GDP
15 Improving trade-related services and strengthening the investment climate would help MENA participate in global production sharing and make trade work for jobs Because of low labor costs and good human resources, MENA countries could become attractive locations for assembly operations The association agreements with the EU have the potential of facilitating integration into EU production networks Preconditions: Removing bottlenecks in transport logistics, communications, and the provision of financial services by opening up services markets to competition; Streamlining customs clearance procedures and removing paratariffs; Strengthening the investment climate
16 Employment growth for young educated workforce in small firms and high start-up rates in small enterprises is critical and evident New entry and investment, usually in small enterprises, is the key Trade reform shows fastest annual labor growth in small firms with less than 2 employees, and highest start-up rates---e.g., in Ghana In Tunisia and Jordan, smaller firms have shown rapid gains in employment in recent years (1, jobs in the IT sector, and similar in new export sectors). Regulatory improvements, exchange rate policies, are especially central to spur new entry
17 But the political economy adjustment costs are also very large, and need to be carefully managed Losers from trade liberalization are inevitable---usually large often state enterprises in protected sectors with high wages and unionization Politically well-connected and influential beneficiaries can undermine trade reform, with winners dispersed and losers concentrated---the information asymmetry problem Experience suggests the critical necessity of coherent and united economic teams in charge of reform Political support for trade and investment reform is also essential amongst exporters, private sector, unions, and the battle for ideas in the media. The pace and sequence of reforms may favor building pro-reform coalitions and transition time for firms to restructure.
Making Trade Work for Jobs : International Evidence and Lessons for MENA
Preliminary Making Trade Work for Jobs : International Evidence and Lessons for MENA by Dipak Dasgupta (1) Mustapha Kamel Nabli (1) Christopher Pissarides (2) Aristomene Varoudakis (1) October 22 (1) The
More informationLevels and trends in international migration
Levels and trends in international migration The number of international migrants worldwide has continued to grow rapidly over the past fifteen years reaching million in 1, up from million in 1, 191 million
More informationMaking Trade Work for Jobs : International Evidence and Lessons for MENA
Making Trade Work for Jobs : International Evidence and Lessons for MENA by Dipak Dasgupta (1) Mustapha Kamel Nabli (1) Christopher Pissarides (2) Aristomene Varoudakis (1) July 23 (1) The World Bank;
More informationThe Arab Economies in a Changing World
The Arab Economies in a Changing World Marcus Noland (Peter G. Peterson Institute for International Economics) Howard Pack (The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania) Recent accomplishments and long-term
More informationInvestment and Business Environment in the Arab World
Investment and Business Environment in the Arab World Tarik H. Alami Director, a.i. Economic Development and Globalization Division United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (UN-ESCWA)
More informationINTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE ARAB STATES
Distr. LIMITED E/ESCWA/SDD/2007/Brochure.1 5 February 2007 ENGLISH ORIGINAL: ARABIC ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR WESTERN ASIA (ESCWA) INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE ARAB STATES United
More informationThe End of the Multi-fiber Arrangement on January 1, 2005
On January 1 2005, the World Trade Organization agreement on textiles and clothing expired. All WTO members have unrestricted access to the American and European markets for their textiles exports. The
More informationTrade and the Barcelona process. Memo - Brussels, 23 March 2006
Trade and the Barcelona process. Memo - Brussels, 23 March 2006 Trade Ministers from the EU and the Mediterranean countries will meet on Friday 24 March 2006 in Marrakech, Morocco, for the 5th Euro-Med
More informationThe Political Economy of Governance in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership
The Political Economy of Governance in the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership Deliverable No. 10 Working Package 8 New Challenges: Regional Integration Working Package Summary: Working Package 8 New Challenges:
More informationConference on What Africa Can Do Now To Accelerate Youth Employment. Organized by
Conference on What Africa Can Do Now To Accelerate Youth Employment Organized by The Olusegun Obasanjo Foundation (OOF) and The African Union Commission (AUC) (Addis Ababa, 29 January 2014) Presentation
More informationInclusive growth and development founded on decent work for all
Inclusive growth and development founded on decent work for all Statement by Mr Guy Ryder, Director-General International Labour Organization International Monetary and Financial Committee Washington D.C.,
More informationOn the Surge of Inequality in the Mediterranean Region. Chahir Zaki Cairo University and Economic Research Forum
On the Surge of Inequality in the Mediterranean Region Chahir Zaki chahir.zaki@feps.edu.eg Cairo University and Economic Research Forum A tale of three regions Resource poor countries Djibouti, Egypt,
More informationDIVERSIFYING MENA ECONOMIES TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE. - Working Group 4 -
DIVERSIFYING MENA ECONOMIES TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE - Working Group 4 - Contact: John Thompson, tel. +33 1 45 24 76 16, e-mail: john.thompson@oecd.org Alexander tel. +33 1 45 24 1912, e-mail: alexander.boehmer@oecd.org
More informationThe term developing countries does not have a precise definition, but it is a name given to many low and middle income countries.
Trade Policy in Developing Countries KOM, Chap 11 Introduction Import substituting industrialization Trade liberalization since 1985 Export oriented industrialization Industrial policies in East Asia The
More informationFull employment and decent work for all: Regional Highlights
The ECA Region The ECE Region The ECLAC Region The ESCAP Region The ESCWA Region Full employment and decent work for all: Regional Highlights Most countries are, at varying degrees, confronted with the
More informationHow to Generate Employment and Attract Investment
How to Generate Employment and Attract Investment Beatrice Kiraso Director UNECA Subregional Office for Southern Africa 1 1. Introduction The African Economic Outlook (AEO) is an annual publication that
More informationFrustration, and even rage, over poor socio-economic
Growth and Convergence in the Arab Region Hafez Ghanem Senior Fellow, Global Economy and Development, The Brookings Institution Frustration, and even rage, over poor socio-economic and political conditions
More informationGlobalisation and Open Markets
Wolfgang LEHMACHER Globalisation and Open Markets July 2009 What is Globalisation? Globalisation is a process of increasing global integration, which has had a large number of positive effects for nations
More informationOverview Gender and Development in the Middle East and North Africa: Women and the Public Sphere
Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Overview Gender and Development in the Middle East and North Africa: Women and the Public
More informationWomen s Economic Empowerment (WEE) in MENA region
Women s Economic Empowerment (WEE) in MENA region Ms. Yllka Gerdovci Cancel Regional Programme Specialist Women s Economic Empowerment UN Women Regional Office for Arab States 1 Content Women in economy
More informationMarket Openness & The Labor Market
Market Openness & The Labor Market ADB-ILO-OECD Joint Conference: Trade and Employment in a Globalized World 10-11 December 2012 International Collaborative Initiative on Trade and Employment Niny Khor,
More informationRegional Integration. Ajitava Raychaudhuri Department of Economics Jadavpur University Kolkata. 9 May, 2016 Yangon
Regional Integration Ajitava Raychaudhuri Department of Economics Jadavpur University Kolkata 9 May, 2016 Yangon Trade Creation Through common external tariff but zero internal tariff trade is created
More informationPolicy Frameworks to Accelerate Poverty Reduction Efforts
Policy Frameworks to Accelerate Poverty Reduction Efforts Khalid Abu Ismail Economic Development and Integration Division 1. Two competing narratives Pillars of conventional wisdom on Arab development
More informationThe financial and economic crisis: impact and response in the Arab States
The financial and economic crisis: impact and response in the Arab States Tariq A. Haq Research Economist Employment Analysis and Research Unit Economic and Labour Market Analysis Department October 2010
More informationEconomic Reforms and People Mobility for a more Effective EU-MED Partnership*
Economic Reforms and People Mobility for a more Effective EU-MED Partnership* Ishac Diwan** Mustapha Nabli*** Adama Coulibaly*** Sara Johansson de Silva*** * The findings and conclusions of this paper
More informationInclusive global growth: a framework to think about the post-2015 agenda
Inclusive global growth: a framework to think about the post-215 agenda François Bourguignon Paris School of Economics Angus Maddison Lecture, Oecd, Paris, April 213 1 Outline 1) Inclusion and exclusion
More informationGENDER EQUALITY IN THE
GENDER EQUALITY IN THE WORLD OF WORK: TRENDS AND CHALLENGES IN MENA REGION Simel Esim, Senior Technical Specialist, ILO Presentation for Promoting Job Quality and Productive Employment in the Middle East
More informationeconomies in different ways. On average, however, the region has done well, with respectable
Overview During 2007 the Middle East and North Africa region1 (MENA) experienced average growth of 5.7 percent. This was the fifth year in a row in which the region grew at a rate higher than 5 percent,
More informationThe global dimension of youth employment with special focus on North Africa
The global dimension of youth employment with special focus on North Africa Joint seminar of the European Parliament and EU Agencies 30 June 2011 1. Youth employment in ETF partner countries: an overview
More informationTrade Facilitation and Transport: The Development Dimension
Trade Facilitation and Transport: The Development Dimension Linking the World Through Learning John S. Wilson Lead Economist, Development Economics Research Group The World Bank Overview Trade Facilitation
More informationOECD CONFERENCE on Investment in MENA
OECD CONFERENCE on Investment in MENA Istanbul, February 11-12, 2004 Part I Investment Climate Reform: Challenges for the MENA Region Xavier Forneris, FIAS, World Bank & International Finance Corporation
More informationTRADE IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
TRADE IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY Learning Objectives Understand basic terms and concepts as applied to international trade. Understand basic ideas of why countries trade. Understand basic facts for trade Understand
More informationZafiris Tzannatos Senior Advisor for the Arab States International Labour Organization
Labour Demand and Social Dialogue: The Two Binding Constraints for Creating Decent Employment and Ensuring Effective Utilization of Human Resources in the Arab Region? Zafiris Tzannatos Senior Advisor
More informationChapter 18 Development and Globalization
Chapter 18 Development and Globalization 1. Levels of Development 2. Issues in Development 3. Economies in Transition 4. Challenges of Globalization Do the benefits of economic development outweigh the
More informationSingle Windows and Arab Regional Integration
Single Windows and Arab Regional Integration Adel Alghaberi Régional Intégration Section Economic Development & Integration Division UN ESCWA SWC2016 Introduction The Arab region needs all kinds of at
More informationWILLIAMSON STATE OF THE COUNTY Capital Area Council of Governments
WILLIAMSON STATE OF THE COUNTY 2011 Capital Area Council of Governments POPULATION Capital Area Council of Governments POPULATION THE RISE OF TEXAS During the past decade, the State of Texas has proved
More informationJobs, labour markets & shared growth Trends and issues
A DFID practice paper Briefing June 08 Jobs, labour markets & shared growth Trends and issues This briefing note from PRD s Growth Team is the first of a pair for DFID staff and partner governments on
More informationThe Financial Crisis and International Migration in the Arab Region: Challenges and Opportunities.
Eighth Coordination Meeting on International Migration, New York, 16-17 Nov. 2009. The Financial Crisis and International Migration in the Arab Region: Challenges and Opportunities. By: Batool Shakoori,
More informationHas Globalization Helped or Hindered Economic Development? (EA)
Has Globalization Helped or Hindered Economic Development? (EA) Most economists believe that globalization contributes to economic development by increasing trade and investment across borders. Economic
More informationInclusive Economic Growth with Employment Generation and Poverty Reduction
International Journal of Management and International Business Studies. ISSN 2277-3177 Volume 4, Number 1 (2014), pp. 109-116 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com Inclusive Economic
More informationWorkers Remittances. Dilip Ratha. An Important and Stable Source of Development Finance. Poverty Day October 16 th, 2003
Workers Remittances An Important and Stable Source of Development Finance Dilip Ratha Poverty Day October 16 th, 2003 Outline 1. Rising importance of workers remittances 2. Pros and Cons 3. Policy issues
More informationWinners and Losers in the Middle East Economy Paul Rivlin
Editors: Paul Rivlin and Yitzhak Gal Assistant Editors: Teresa Harings and Gal Buyanover Vol. 2, No. 4 May 2012 Winners and Losers in the Middle East Economy Paul Rivlin The Middle East economy has been
More informationDimensions of Poverty in MNA. Mustapha Nabli, Chief Economist Middle East and North Africa Region The World Bank
Dimensions of Poverty in MNA Mustapha Nabli, Chief Economist Middle East and North Africa Region The World Bank Distribution of the world population living on less than PPP US$ 1 a day (total 1.2 billion)
More informationLabour Migration and Gender Equality:
Labour Migration and Gender Equality: Some Lessons from ECA and MENA Regions Prepared by M. Manke, Ph.D RO Vienna, IOM Istanbul, April 2012 Overview 1. Issues and trends: ECA and MENA 2. Challenges 3.
More informationExpanding Youth Opportunities in the Arab Region
Arab Human Development Report Research Paper Series Expanding Youth Opportunities in the Arab Region Jad Chaaban United Nations Development Programme Regional Bureau for Arab States United Nations Development
More informationGlobal Economic Prospects. Managing the Next Wave of Globalization
Global Economic Prospects Managing the Next Wave of Globalization 2007 REGIONAL ECONOMIC PROSPECTS Middle East and North Africa regional prospects 5 Recent developments Thanks to oil revenues surging in
More informationStrengthening Integration of the Economies in Transition into the World Economy through Economic Diversification
UN-DESA and UN-ECE International Conference Strengthening Integration of the Economies in Transition into the World Economy through Economic Diversification Welcoming remarks by Rob Vos Director Development
More informationThe globalization of inequality
The globalization of inequality François Bourguignon Paris School of Economics Public lecture, Canberra, May 2013 1 "In a human society in the process of unification inequality between nations acquires
More informationFaith and Skepticism about Trade, Foreign Investment
1 of 9 9/17/2014 10:30 AM SEPTEMBER 16, 2014 Faith and Skepticism about Trade, Foreign Investment (http://www.pewglobal.org/2014/09/16/faith-and-skepticism-about-trade-foreign-investment/trade-17/) Trade
More informationStimulating Investment in the Western Balkans. Ellen Goldstein World Bank Country Director for Southeast Europe
Stimulating Investment in the Western Balkans Ellen Goldstein World Bank Country Director for Southeast Europe February 24, 2014 Key Messages Location, human capital and labor costs make investing in the
More informationAn economy with deep-running dysfunctions, which are at the root of the feeble performance in creating good quality jobs
An economy with deep-running dysfunctions, which are at the root of the feeble performance in creating good quality jobs An Economy Performing Below its Capacity 01 01 An economy performing below its capacity
More informationExcerpt of THE TRANSATLANTIC ECONOMY Annual Survey of Jobs, Trade and Investment between the United States and Europe. March
Excerpt of THE TRANSATLANTIC ECONOMY 2011 Annual Survey of Jobs, Trade and Investment between the United States and Europe March 2011 www.amcham.ch The Transatlantic Economy 2011 On the following pages,
More informationIndustrial Policy and African Development. Justin Yifu Lin National School of Development Peking University
Industrial Policy and African Development Justin Yifu Lin National School of Development Peking University 1 INTRODUCTION 2 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990
More informationImpact of the economic crisis on trade, foreign investment, and employment in Egypt
Impact of the economic crisis on trade, foreign investment, and employment in Egypt Dr Arne Klau Senior Trade Economist The Global Jobs Pact in Egypt: Roundtable on Mitigating the Impact of the Global
More informationTrends in within-country
Trends in within-country income and non income inequality during the last 30 years Giovanni Andrea Cornia University of Florence, EUDN and CDP -------------------------------------------------------------
More informationAddress. Hon. T. Biti, MP Minister of Finance. 8 January 2013
Address by Hon. T. Biti, MP Minister of Finance From Hopelessness to Hope: Africa on the Rise Carleton University, Ottawa 8 January 2013 Outline 1. Background: Africa a Hopeless Case Prior 1990 2. Africa
More informationA. Growing dissatisfaction with hyperglobalization
Contents A. Growing dissatisfaction with hyperglobalization B. The region s vulnerable participation in global trade C. A political scenario with new uncertainties A. Growing dissatisfaction with hyperglobalization
More informationMeasuring progress towards knowledge societies
Measuring progress towards knowledge societies Many of the challenges countries and regions of the world are facing in such areas as sustainable development, economic growth, health care, education and
More informationGLOBALIZATION, GROWTH, AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA, John Page and Linda van Gelder The World Bank
GLOBALIZATION, GROWTH, AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA, 1970-1999 John Page and Linda van Gelder The World Bank March 15, 2002 Paper to be presented at the Fourth Mediterranean
More informationWHICH ROAD TO LIBERALISATION? A FIRST ASSESSMENT OF THE EUROMED ASSOCIATION AGREEMENTS C. dell Aquila e M. Kuiper
Estratto da WHICH ROAD TO LIBERALISATION? A FIRST ASSESSMENT OF THE EUROMED ASSOCIATION AGREEMENTS C. dell Aquila e M. Kuiper Working Paper ENARPRI n.2 European Network of Agricultural and Rural Policy
More informationForeign workers in the Korean labour market: current status and policy issues
Foreign workers in the Korean labour market: current status and policy issues Seung-Cheol Jeon 1 Abstract The number of foreign workers in Korea is growing rapidly, increasing from 1.1 million in 2012
More informationN O R T H A F R I C A A N D T H E E U : P A R T N E R S H I P F O R R E F O R M A N D G R O W T H
R E P O R T REGIONAL PROGRAM POLITICAL DIALOGUE SOUTH MEDITERRANEAN N O R T H A F R I C A A N D T H E E U : P A R T N E R S H I P F O R R E F O R M A N D G R O W T H Compilation of the findings and recommendations
More informationG L O B A L E M P L O Y M E N T T R E N D S F O R W O M E N
G L O B A L E M P L O Y M E N T T R E N D S F O R W O M E N 2 0 0 4 G L O B A L E M P L O Y M E N T T R E N D S F O R W O M E N 1. Overview One of the most striking phenomena of recent times has been the
More informationTHE INNOVATION LANDSCAPE IN THE ARAB COUNTRIES
THE INNOVATION LANDSCAPE IN THE ARAB COUNTRIES Economic And Social Commission For Western Asia Nibal Idlebi Chief of Innovation Section Capacity Building Workshop on Innovation Policies for SDGs in the
More informationEconomics of the Trans- Pacific Partnership (TPP)
Economics of the Trans- Pacific Partnership (TPP) AED/IS 4540 International Commerce and the World Economy Professor Sheldon sheldon.1@osu.edu What is TPP? Trans-Pacific Trade Partnership (TPP), signed
More informationMigration and Remittances
Migration and Remittances Recent Developments and Outlook Dilip Ratha Global Remittance Working Group Coordinator for Technical Areas 1 and 2 January 20, 2016 Washington D.C. Remittance flows to developing
More informationGrowth, Employment and Decent Work in the Arab Region: An Overview
International Labour Office Growth, Employment and Decent Work in the Arab Region: An Overview Issue Paper Arab Forum on Development and Employment Doha, Qatar 15-16 November 2008 Growth, Employment and
More informationEmerging Market Consumers: A comparative study of Latin America and Asia-Pacific
Emerging Market Consumers: A comparative study of Latin America and Asia-Pacific Euromonitor International ESOMAR Latin America 2010 Table of Contents Emerging markets and the global recession Demographic
More informationThe Demography of the Labor Force in Emerging Markets
The Demography of the Labor Force in Emerging Markets David Lam I. Introduction This paper discusses how demographic changes are affecting the labor force in emerging markets. As will be shown below, the
More informationProspects for Inclusive Growth in the MENA Region: A Comparative Approach
Prospects for Inclusive Growth in the MENA Region: A Comparative Approach Hassan Hakimian London Middle East Institute SOAS, University of London Email: HH2@SOAS.AC.UK International Parliamentary Conference
More informationInternational Monetary and Financial Committee
International Monetary and Financial Committee Thirty-Fifth Meeting April 22, 2017 IMFC Statement by Guy Ryder Director-General International Labour Organization Weak outlook for jobs at heart of uncertain
More informationTHE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE ARAB COUNTRIES
Distr. LIMITED E/ESCWA/SDD/2013/Technical paper.14 24 December 2013 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR WESTERN ASIA (ESCWA) THE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF THE ARAB COUNTRIES New York, 2013
More informationVisi n. Imperative 6: A Prosperous Economy
Imperative 6: A Prosperous Economy North Carolina 20/20: Report of the North Carolina Progress Board 6.1 2 2 Visi n North Carolina s growing, diversified economy is competitive in the global marketplace.
More informationRegional Consultation on International Migration in the Arab Region
Distr. LIMITED RC/Migration/2017/Brief.1 4 September 2017 Advance copy Regional Consultation on International Migration in the Arab Region In preparation for the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular
More informationLabor Market Flexibility in the Global Economy: The cases of Chile and Ecuador. Miguel F. Ricaurte. University of Minnesota.
Labor Market Flexibility in the Global Economy: The cases of Chile and Ecuador Miguel F. Ricaurte University of Minnesota Spring, 2005 My name is Miguel F. Ricaurte, and I am from ECUADOR and COSTA RICA:...
More informationReaping the economic and social benefits of labour mobility: ASEAN 2015 Philip Martin and Manolo Abella. November 5, 2013
Reaping the economic and social benefits of labour mobility: ASEAN 2015 Philip Martin and Manolo Abella November 5, 2013 Highlights Prediction: less professional mobility than expected, more low-skilled
More informationIs Economic Development Good for Gender Equality? Income Growth and Poverty
Is Economic Development Good for Gender Equality? February 25 and 27, 2003 Income Growth and Poverty Evidence from many countries shows that while economic growth has not eliminated poverty, the share
More informationMENA Women in the Economy Rabat, December 8-9, 2005
MENA Women in the Economy Rabat, December 8-9, 2005 Nadereh Chamlou Senior Advisor to the Chief Economist Economic and Sector Work The Middle East and North Africa Region Definitions Millennium Development
More informationThe Role of Financial Aids of European Union in Developing Countries. Corresponding author
The Role of Financial Aids of European Union in Developing Countries Corresponding author Khaldoun M. Al-Qaisi Assistant Prof of finance, Faculty of Business, Finance Department Amman Arab University,
More informationLesson 13 bis. The effect of migration in the sending countries The human capital. Alessandra Venturini The Economics of Migration
Lesson 13 bis The effect of migration in the sending countries The human capital Alessandra Venturini The Economics of Migration 1 Population is an asset for development Always? When? Relationship between
More informationC OVER STORY OVERPOPULATION: MYTHS AND REALITY. Text: Olga Irisova
C OVER STORY OVERPOPULATION: MYTHS AND REALITY Text: Olga Irisova 1/11 W OR LD EC ONOMIC JOURNAL #11 2013 OVER THE PAST 54 YEARS, THE EARTH S POPULATION HAS MORE THAN DOUBLED, AND ACCORDING TO A RECENT
More informationAgility Emerging Markets Logistics Index A detailed ranking and analysis of the world s major developing logistics markets
Agility Emerging Markets Logistics Index 2013 A detailed ranking and analysis of the world s major developing logistics markets January 2013 Contents 1.0 About the Agility Emerging Markets Logistics Index...3
More informationManaging Migration and Integration: Europe and the US March 9, 2012
Managing Migration and Integration: Europe and the US March 9, 2012 MIGRANTS IN EUROPE... 1 ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF MIGRANTS... 3 INTEGRATION POLICIES: GERMANY... 4 INTEGRATION POLICIES: US... 5 Most Americans
More informationAnalyzing the Nature and Quantifying the Magnitude of the Employment Linkage 03
Contents Preface I. Introduction 01 Page II. Analyzing the Nature and Quantifying the Magnitude of the Employment Linkage 03 What to Monitor? 03 Measuring and Interpreting the Output Elasticities of Employment
More informationProduction Transformation INTERNATIONAL
OECD Initiative for OUR Policy WORK Dialogue on Global ON Value Chains, Production Transformation INTERNATIONAL and MIGRATION Development 1 By exploring the link between international migration and development,
More informationARTNeT Trade Economists Conference Trade in the Asian century - delivering on the promise of economic prosperity rd September 2014
ASIA-PACIFIC RESEARCH AND TRAINING NETWORK ON TRADE ARTNeT CONFERENCE ARTNeT Trade Economists Conference Trade in the Asian century - delivering on the promise of economic prosperity 22-23 rd September
More informationIndustrial Exports: Opportunities and Challenges
14 th Industrialists Conference Muscat, Sultanate of Oman 30 March 2014 Industrial Exports: Opportunities and Challenges Mustafa Mente Turkish Exporters Assembly Secretary General Agenda 1. Turkish Exporters
More information65. Broad access to productive jobs is essential for achieving the objective of inclusive PROMOTING EMPLOYMENT AND MANAGING MIGRATION
5. PROMOTING EMPLOYMENT AND MANAGING MIGRATION 65. Broad access to productive jobs is essential for achieving the objective of inclusive growth and help Turkey converge faster to average EU and OECD income
More informationInternational Migration and Development: Proposed Work Program. Development Economics. World Bank
International Migration and Development: Proposed Work Program Development Economics World Bank January 2004 International Migration and Development: Proposed Work Program International migration has profound
More informationA COMPARISON OF ARIZONA TO NATIONS OF COMPARABLE SIZE
A COMPARISON OF ARIZONA TO NATIONS OF COMPARABLE SIZE A Report from the Office of the University Economist July 2009 Dennis Hoffman, Ph.D. Professor of Economics, University Economist, and Director, L.
More informationCan free-trade policies help to reduce gender inequalities in employment and wages?
Janneke Pieters Wageningen University, the Netherlands, and IZA, Germany Trade liberalization and gender inequality Can free-trade policies help to reduce gender inequalities in employment and wages? Keywords:
More informationOnline Consultation for the Preparation of the Tajikistan Systematic Country Diagnostic. Dushanbe, Tajikistan March 2017
Online Consultation for the Preparation of the Tajikistan Systematic Country Diagnostic Dushanbe, Tajikistan March 2017 The Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD): Designed to be the main analytical input
More informationDecent Work for All ASIAN DECENT WORK DECADE
Tourism and employment in Asia: Challenges and opportunities in the context of the economic crisis Guy Thijs Deputy Regional Director ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Decent Work for All ASIAN
More informationTHAILAND SYSTEMATIC COUNTRY DIAGNOSTIC Public Engagement
THAILAND SYSTEMATIC COUNTRY DIAGNOSTIC Public Engagement March 2016 Contents 1. Objectives of the Engagement 2. Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) 3. Country Context 4. Growth Story 5. Poverty Story 6.
More informationStructural Reform Progress for Long-Term Growth
3 Structural Reform Progress for Long-Term Growth 3.1 Introduction Although continuing high oil prices are expected to contribute to solid growth for oil producers in the medium term and an anticipated
More informationJobs, Growth, and Governance in the Middle East and North Africa
Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Jobs, Growth, and Governance in the Middle East and North Africa Jobs, Growth, and Governance
More informationHuman Development and Poverty Reduction Progress in Middle Income Arab Countries: Two Competing Narratives
Human Development and Poverty Reduction Progress in Middle Income Arab Countries: Two Competing Narratives Khalid Abu Ismail, Chief Economic Development and Poverty Section Economic Development and Integration
More informationMigration and Development Brief. Migration and Remittances Unit, Development Prospects Group
THE WORLD BANK Migration and Development Brief Migration and Remittances Unit, Development Prospects Group 2 April 19, 213 Officially recorded remittance flows to developing countries reached an estimated
More informationChapter 11. Trade Policy in Developing Countries
Chapter 11 Trade Policy in Developing Countries Preview Import-substituting industrialization Trade liberalization since 1985 Trade and growth: Takeoff in Asia Copyright 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All
More informationThe potential economic impact of Aid for Trade in the MENA region: the case of Jordan
14 The potential economic impact of Aid for Trade in the MENA region: the case of Jordan Taleb Awad Warred* 14.1 Introduction Many developing and least-developed countries (LDCs) remain on the margins
More information