3/4/2013. Grandmother & granddaughter, arrived March 2007

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1 Grandmother & granddaughter, arrived March

2 A refugee is a person fleeing his or her country because of persecution or a well founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social ilgroup 2

3 Refugees A group of people p from a certain demographic being persecuted; status is determined outside of the U.S. and they are resettled with the help of an agency Asylee/Asylum Seeker Individual being persecuted; an asylee is already in the U.S. when s/he applies for protection and must prove they have reason to fear persecution in their home country Internally Displaced Persons Have not crossed a border, but have been forced out of their home area 3

4 42.5 million forcibly displaced people worldwide 43million 4.3 newly displaced 7.1 million warehoused 10+ years 46% of refugees are under 18 years old 5.5% of Omaha s population is refugees Source: UNHCR trends at a glance 4

5 Rf Refugees find initial iti asylum in a neighboring ihb i country. They usually arrive with no possessions having fled for their lives. UNHCR provides basic shelter and food. There is no opportunity for employment or generating income. Refugees often are met with hostility from members of the host country which is frequently poor and ill equipped to sustain an influx of refugees. Camps are often fenced, and refugees may not leave the confines of the camp. Camps are often dangerous places which are still subject to attack. The average stay in a refugee camp is years prior to resettlement. 5

6 You have to flee your home tonight. You must run on foot. You will never return. What one thing would you carry with you? 6

7 Repatriation Returning to their home country if it is deemed safe and secure Naturalization/First Asylum Settling in the country to which they have fled Resettlement Moving to a third country for permanent resettlement; less than 1% of the total refugee eugeepopulation o is accepted for resettlement e e t 7

8 1. A person or family must enter a United Nations supported refugee camp or contact a UNHCR office in an urban area to register and become a documented refugee. 2. A person or family submits an application with UNHCR to seek resettlement. 3 IF d i f i t i h lth h k d i t t 3. IF approved, a series of interviews, health checks, and appointments follow to determine final eligibility. 8

9 Australia Canada Denmark Finland Ireland New Zealand Norway Sweden United Kingdom United States The Netherlands In the US U.S., a Presidential i ldetermination i decides the number of refugees admitted to the U.S. each year Fiscal Year 2012 ceiling = 76,000 There are 450 local resettlement agencies in the U.S. 9

10 Pre arrival Services Preparation of housing, utilities, finances, and food Post arrival Services Airport pickup Housing orientation Cultural orientation (3 sessions) Clothing HHS application Medical care (3 sessions) Enrollment in ESL & school Employment search Caseworker teaching about the stove 10

11 Refugees come to the U.S. with an I 94. They are legal and allowed to work the minute they arrive. Refugee I 94s do not expire Refugees may stay in the U.S. their whole lives with an I 94, but the will miss out on benefits if they do not pursue a pathtoto citizenship Substitute birth certificate 11

12 After one year, refugees should apply for Legal Permanent Residence. They should renew their green card every 10 years and remain crime free. The path to citizenship is expensive p p p and time consuming They can now petition for a spouse and/or unmarried children to join them in the U.S. 12

13 After 5 years in the U.S. a refugee should apply for citizenship. Pay an application i fee Pass the interview in English Pass the citizenship test Take the Oath Be of good moral character (no serious crimes) 13

14 BURMA Karen, Karenni, Chin, Kachin, Arkanese, Shan Christian, Muslim, & Buddhist Total population of concern : 1,147,275 About 6000 in Omaha Say full name Refugee Camp on the Thailand-Burma Border 14

15 Over 135 ethnic groups live in Burma. They are divided into eight major categories. 107 languages are spoken in Burma. World s longest running civil war (since 1949) The situation in Burma is considered the worst human rights issue ever in the world. 15

16 Typical camp classroom Burned Village Refugees fleeing through jungle Child with gunshot wounds Landmine victim 16

17 BHUTAN Over 100,000 Bhutanese of Nepali descent were expelled from Bhutan in the early 1990s One Nation Policy Caste system Approximately 1500 in Omaha Bhutanese family in refugee camp in Nepal 17

18 There are many ethnic groups in Bhutan and no one group is the majority. The government refuses to release exact numbers. Many languages are spoken in Bhutan. The government refuses to release exactly how many. There are at least 12 known languages spoken in Bhutan. Beginning in 1988 the Bhutanese government refused to allow other languages to be spoken, religions to be followed, or cultures to be represented than what was official. Genocide tactics were used to scare the people in the south to follow the culture of the north. 18

19 Food ration chart from camp Typical classroom Typical kitchen/eating area 19

20 SUDAN and SOUTH SUDAN (South Sudan gained independence in July, 2011) Conflict over resources and religion Total population of concern : 2,898,246 Estimated number in Omaha: 10,000 15,000 20

21 Sudan has more than 597 ethnicities. They can be split into two major categories: Arab or Nilote. More than 400 languages are spoken. Britain colonized Sudan until From civil war dominated the country. The government continues to terrorize and use genocide tactics against the Darfur region. Southern Sudan officially voted to become its own nation in January They became their own country in July

22 Sudanese refugees fleeing homeland Darfuri refugee camp 22

23 SOMALIA Somali & Somali Bantu (Somali Bantus brought as slaves; continue to be discriminated against) Without a central government since 1991 Famine Polygamous; women inadequately protected Total population of concern : 1,365,183 Estimate in Omaha:

24 There are four major cultures in Somalia that t the government recognizes. The rest are lumped together as the.5 s. Civil war in Somalia started in 1991 and they have been without a functioning government ever since. They are the only country in the world without a recognized government. Violence has spread to the refugee camps, so people are not even safe in the camps. This is especially true if you are not one of the four major ethnic groups. 24

25 Typical classroom Somali Refugee Camps Ration line; woman with bag of rice 25

26 Typical classroom situation in a refugee camp Often taught outside 1 teacher to students common Teachers are volunteers IF there are books, students share them Walk a far distance Rote memorization Education is a luxury 26

27 Different cultural groups place different levels of importance on education Parents may be illiterate in ANY language; very common for parents not to read English (places power with the child) Parents are very overwhelmed: hl new culture, new language, new laws May be working full time for the first time; often 3 rd shift or dd dad may be working out of town during the week What is considered accepted discipline in their culture might not fly here; confusion regarding what they are allowed to do may lead to not disciplining at all May be dealing with the loss of loved ones and/or mental health issues: PTSD, depression, etc. (same goes for the student) 27

28 Cultural differences can be very distracting for a refugee. We, as Americans, may be doing things that t are considered d very rude in the student s culture Wearing shoes indoors Pointing feet at someone Touching someone s head Walking in front of a seated person Making eye contact Handing things to someone with the left hand or without touchingleft hand to rightelbow Imagine if you are in a room full of people doing something considered very rude in American culture how hard would it be for you to pay attention to what is being taught? 28

29 Body language varies greatly culture to culture. There are also gender role differences. Certain male/female interaction may be strange for some refugees. Things we take for granted may be brand new for a newly arrived refugee. Scissors, crayons, cafeterias Restroom use is the best example of this. Please take the time to show EACH refugee student the bathroom, how to use it, and how to ask to go. 29

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32 Location: 3260 Davenport Street, Omaha, NE, Class time: 9:00-12:00 and 12:30-3:30 Days open:we follow the OPS Elementary calendar Registration: Daily Attendance: Average daily attendance= 200 Funding: Funded through the OPS Migrant program and a State Refugee Grant Contact: Coordinator Veronica Hill at: ext 1012 or veronica.hill@ops.org 32

33 English Classes Computer Class Computer Lab Sewing Class Driving g Class Knitting Circle Community y Garden Citizenship Class Saturday y School Leadership Academy 33

34 Social Worker on site Coordination with Resettlement Agencies (LFS and SSCA) Health Seminars Parenting Seminars Family Room New Arrival Support Coordination with OPS schools and programs Saturday School Refugee Leadership Academy Coordination with GED programs, job training, and higher education institutions 34

35 New students can register anytime between : 9:00am 3:30pm Monday Friday Classes are FREE and open to ANYONE You do not need ID documents to enroll (we will make you a student ID badge) Come in the main entrance and ask for VERONICA Take a quick English test to determine your level You can start the same day! 35

36 Karen Burmese NepaliN Dzongkha Spanish Arabic French SomaliS Kiswahili Maay Maay 36

37 Mexico Puerto Rico Benin Vietnam Guatemala Haiti Togo Nepal El Salvador Somalia Ethiopia India Honduras Southern Sudan Burundi China Nicaragua Kenya Sudan Japan Peru Uganda Ghana Iraq Cuba Nigeria Bhutan Egypt Argentina Congo Burma Canada Chile The Democratic Republic of the Congo Thailand 37

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47 Refugee Leadership Academy 47

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49 Refugees arenot statistics. They aremen, women and children. They are families. They have unused or undeveloped skills, unfulfilled aspirations, frustrated needs. In their present circumstances, they are a needless loss to the rest of humanity, a drain, rather than a creative force in our society. Their potential lies untapped. Edward B. Marks, lifelong advocate for refugees 49

Numbers: Forcibly displaced people worldwide: 38,688,186 WORLD REFUGEES: 15, 300,000

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