Salvadoran Diaspora in Canada and Higher education

Transcription

1 Salvadoran Diaspora in Canada and Higher education Jose A. Garcia, Ph. D., MBA Salvadoran Canadian Association (ASALCA) November 18, 2010 VIII CONVENCIÓN INTERNACIONAL DE SALVADOREÑOS EN EL MUNDO, TORONTO, CANADÁ, NOVIEMBRE 17, 18 Y 19, 2010

2 Outline Introduction Geographic information Demographic Information Education Information Conclusions and recommendations

3 Higher education: a virtuous circle Higher Education New and better economic opportunities Children with more economic support Set of values that encourage education Substantial social mobility of Diaspora

4 Almost half of Salvadorans in Canada live in Ontario Salvadorans in Canada by Province, 2006 British Columbia 12% Manitoba 3% Other 2% Males Females Percent Alberta 12% Ontario 44% Quebec 27% Total 60,000 Census ,000 2%/yr to ,000 CHC-2010 Source: Census Canada 2006 Method of calculating Salvadoran Population Count: Ethnic origin, Place of Birth

5 Nearly one-half of Salvadorans live in Toronto and Montreal Salvadorans in Canada by City Toronto Montréal Vancouver Calgary Edmonton OttawaG Kitchener London OttawaOS Hamilton Winnipeg Windsor Percent

6 Salvadorans are younger than total population Source: Census Coming up for retirement and over Males Females Salvadoran Population in Canada By Sex and Age- 20% sample data

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8 The majority of Salvadorans came between Total Salvadoran immigrant population by period of immigration to Canada Percent Before to to to to to to 2006 Pierre Trudeau succeeds Pearson (68) Trudeau retires(84) Conservatives win Paul Martin sworn in (03) Canada adopts a policy of multiculturalism (71) Jean Chrétien elected (93) Stephen Harper elected (06)

9 The majority of Salvadorans in Canada are first generation st generation 2nd generation 3rd generation or more Total Salvadoran population in Canada 15 years and older by generation status

10 Salvadorans in Canada are less likely to be university educated than the total population No degree High school Trades certificate Bachelor's degree College Univ. below bachelor's Medical degree Univ. above bachelor Master's degree Earned doctorate Salvadorans Total population Source: Census 2006-Salvadorans

11 Salvadoran males concentrate in Engineering and architecture while females concentrate in business and health sectors Percent Males Females 0 Education Arts-ICT Humanities Social sciences-law Business-management Architecture-engineering, Agriculture-natural resources Physical-life sciences Mathematics-computer sciences Health-fitness Personal-transportation services Salvadorans in Canada 25 to 64 years with postsecondary qualifications by major field of study

12 Lower income than Caucasians for Salvadorans Salvadorans White Caucasians Average income $ 22,982 28,246 Lower income for females than males salvadorans Males Females Average income $ Total income in 2005 of Salvadoran population in Canada 15 years and over Source: Canada Census 2006-Salvadorans; Census 2001-White Caucasians

13 Conclusiones Geographically dispersed, but nearly half reside in Canada s s two largest urban areas Large proportion of foreign-born, with many arriving in the 1980s Younger age profile than the general population Lower average income than Caucasians Gender gap between incomes of males and females Lower proportion of university education

14 Some Recommendations Scholarships for Salvadoran youth in the Diaspora Programs to promote higher education in Salvadoran Diaspora Mentorship programs for Salvadoran Diaspora Youth Diaspora investment in education i.e. Arcatao-ASALCA scholarships Understand causes of higher education gap (i.e. Drop out rates)