Multi-faceted Approach to Deal with Piracy off the Coast of Somalia. June 2009 Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan

Transcription

1 Multi-faceted Approach to Deal with Piracy off the Coast of Somalia June 2009 Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan

2 Detail: the Gulf of Aden Red: piracy incident Yellow: attempt Piracy incidents off the coast of Somalia and the Gulf of Aden Source: ICC IMB Live Piracy Map 2008

3 1.Overview of piracy off the coast of Somalia and basic responses to the issue Continuing lack of functioning state institutions in Somalia Increase of piracy incidents Lack of maritime enforcement capacity in Somalia and neighboring countries [Fundamental solution] International efforts towards stabilization of the situation in Somalia [Urgent needs] Specific action by various countries to deal with piracy [Mid-to long term needs] Support for maritime enforcement capacity building in coastal states - Strengthening the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) UN Security Council Resolution (1863) - International discussions (Somalia International Contact Group [ICG]) - Four UN Security Council Resolutions (1816, 1838, 1846, 1851) - Dispatch of naval vessels and aircraft - Coordination among countries concerned (Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia) - Support from various countries and international organizations - Discussion among countries concerned (Regional Meeting to Combat Piracy off the Coast of Somalia, etc.)

4 2. Urgent needs: specific action by various countries to deal with piracy UN Security Council Resolutions 1816, 1838, 1846, 1851 Calling for cooperation in dispatching naval vessels and aircraft to deter pirates Mr. Yasutoshi Nishimura, Parliamentary Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs, attended the December 2008 Ministerial Meeting of the Security Council where Resolution 1851 was adopted. Establishment of the Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia in accordance with Resolution 1851 (First meeting: January 14; four working groups were held from late February to mid-march. The second meeting was held in late March, and the third in late May. The fourth meeting will be held in September 2009, and Japan will act as Chair.) Countries considering dispatching military ships and aircraft: Norway, Taiwan, Bahrain, Switzerland, Belgium (Based on publicly available information) The United States established CTF 151/ EU established NAVFOR Countries dispatching naval vessels and aircraft: Japan, the United States, Canada, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Greece, Denmark, the Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden, Russia, India, China, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Australia, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Turkey, Yemen, Kenya (Based on publicly available information) Japan s response: - Order for maritime security operations (March 13) - Anti-piracy Bill Cabinet decision/submission (March 13) (Enacted on June 19) - Beginning escort missions (March 30) (As of June 19, 28 missions has been enacted) - Order to dispatch P-3C fixed-wing patrol aircraft (May 15) (Arrived in Djibouti on May 31, began mission on June 11)

5 3. Mid-term needs: support for maritime enforcement capacity building Enhancing maritime enforcement capacity in Somalia - Planned training for Somalia s Transitional Federal Government (TFG) police officers (4 million USD through UNDP) - Holding seminars in Nairobi for Somalia s Transitional Federal Government (TFG) Immigration Bureau staff and other staff (1 million USD through IOM) Enhancing maritime enforcement capacity of coastal countries - Hold training in Japan for coast guard staff from Yemen and Oman - Also accepting trainees from neighboring countries such as Tanzania and Kenya - Dispatch of study teams from April-May to consider cooperative projects with Yemen and Djibouti Sharing Lessons Learned in Asia Sharing experience of establishing the Regional Cooperation Agreement on Combating Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships in Asia (ReCAAP), which Japan took a leading role in establishing, and efforts to enhance maritime enforcement capability in Asia Utilizing frameworks of the IMO Regional Meeting to Combat Piracy off the Coast of Somalia (January 2009 in Djibouti) and Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia The 2009 supplementary budget includes JPY 3.6 billion in expenses for strengthening maritime enforcement capacity in neighboring countries from the standpoint of carrying out anti-piracy measures. Coastal states are hoping for concrete aid Japan is currently considering what can be done to meet their demands

6 4. Fundamental solutions: international efforts towards stabilizing the situation in Somalia Peace-making efforts by the international community International Contact Group (ICG) meetings are held with interested countries to discuss the outlook for peace in Somalia. Japan has been attending the meeting since the Brussels meeting on February 26 and 27, Japan s aid to Somalia Total: Approximately USD 67 million Humanitarian assistance: 1 Food assistance through WFP (approx. USD14 million) 2 Aid for refugees and internally displaced persons (including those in neighboring countries) through UNHCR, UN-HABITAT, and UNFPA (approx. USD 20 million) 3 Aid for health, water, sanitation, and education through UNICEF and ICRC (approx. USD18 million) 4 Measures against human trafficking and irregular immigration through IOM (approx. USD 3 million) 5 Refugee aid from the Trust Fund for Human Security (approx. USD 5.25 million) AMISOM African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) dispatch by the AU (approximately 3,500 people from Uganda and Burundi). UN Security Council Resolution 1863 (January 2009) carries out aid as the UN to AMISOM, and also expresses the intention to establish successive UN peacekeeping operations (PKO) on the condition of a further decision. Japan has donated USD 500,000 to AMISOM. Further aid is being considered. Aid to improve order and security: 1 Aid to improve order and security by strengthening border management through IOM (USD 1 million) 2 Police aid through UNDP (USD 4 million) 3 Plan for small arms collection and disposal in the horn of Africa region through UNDP (for the horn of Africa region/includes Somalia) (USD 2 million)