1) Read the article on American involvement in Vietnam
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1 Warm Up 1) Read the article on American involvement in Vietnam 1) Circle in the causes of the Vietnam War 2) Put a star next to the key people/ countries 3) Box in key events, battles, treaties 4) Put a P next to any and all protests that occurred as a result of the Vietnam War 5) Underline the effects of the Vietnam War on both the soldiers who fought and the US government
2 The Vietnam War Social Unrest & Lasting Impact
3 Causes Of The Vietnam War I. The Cold War: the battle between capitalism and communism II. Containment/Domino Theory: the USA wanted to stop the spread of communism in Asia III. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolutions: the U.S. government believed that N. Vietnam attacked American ships IV. LBJ was given the power to take the USA to war and so he did
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8 American Victories in Vietnam I. The military used napalm to destroy villages &(Agent Orange) to destroy crops and jungles II. Soldiers were sent on search & destroy missions into the jungles to find the Vietcong and kill them III. Operation Rolling Thunder: American air force bombed N. Vietnam to force a surrender
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10 Social Unrest
11 The War in America I. The Vietnam War had a major impact on American society II. The increased need for soldier led the USA to begin using the Selective Service A. Men between were eligible for the draft B. Men could be exempt from the draft if they were in college or had bad health III. Americans grew unhappy that Vietnam was becoming a rich man s war and a poor man s fight IV. Anti-Vietnam protests grew more and more popular as Americans watched a losing fight on TV
12 Television War I. A Credibility Gap developed leading many to distrust the government reports on Vietnam II. Vietnam was the first Television War because footage of combat was shown nightly. III. This helped lead to an anti-war movement.
13 Anti-War Movement I. As the death toll grew and more American soldiers left for Vietnam, the US government faced large scale anti-war protests II. III. Anti-Vietnam protests, speeches and rallies became popular throughout the nation The anti-war movement grew with increased television coverage of American losses in Vietnam IV. The majority of Americans believed we had no reason to be in Vietnam
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16 Campus Protests & Shootings I. The escalation of the war in 1968 led to campus protests across America II. At Kent State Univ. in Ohio, four peacefully protesting students were killed by National Guard soldiers III. Students protested the killing of civilians, the reason for war & the draft, A. The major concern was the large numbers of high-school dropouts and minorities being drafted
17 The End of Vietnam
18 The Tet Offensive I. In 1968, the Vietcong launched the Tet Offensive against U.S. forces in Vietnam A. North Vietnamese launched a large scale attack on major S. Vietnamese cities and U.S. military bases II. The Tet Offensive became the turning point in the Vietnam War A. The attack went against U.S. media reports that the U.S. was winning B. American attitude toward the war changed and the anti-war movement grew in the USA C. Americans grew unhappy with the war and anti-war protests became popular
19 Nixon Elected President I. In 1968 the U.S.A. was strongly divided over the war in Vietnam A. Hawks = strongly supported war B. Doves = strongly supported peace II. The stress of the war led LBJ not to run for reelection in 1968 III. Republican Richard Nixon won the election of 1968 promising to end the riots and protests in the USA along with the Vietnam War
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22 My Lai Massacre I. March 16, 1968 US Soldiers killed 347 to 504 unarmed in South Vietnam II. When the incident became public knowledge in 1969, it prompted widespread outrage around the world. The massacre also reduced U.S. support at home for the Vietnam War.
23 Nixon and Nam I. Vietnamiza+on A. Nixon s strategy for peace with honor B. a gradual withdrawal of US troops from Vietnam C. Turn control of the war over to the S. Vietnamese Famous image from Kent State Shootings II. Invasion of Cambodia A. Nixon expanded the war into Cambodia to stop VC B. Nixon s ac@ons sparked na@onwide protests
24 Paris Peace Accords 1973 I. On January 27, 1973 a ceasefire was signed by the USA, North Vietnam, and South Vietnam A. Cease-fire in-place and troop withdrawal B. All parties committed to no further acts of force on ground, in the air, and on the sea C. North and South Vietnam to begin peaceful negotiations on establishing normal relations and reunification.
25 American Withdrawal From Vietnam I. In March 1973, the last U.S. forces left Vietnam II. III. In 1975 the North Vietnam violated the cease fire and invaded South Vietnam Vietnam was then unified under a single communist government IV. Communist forces captured the presidential palace in Saigon (renamed Ho Chi Minh City) ending the Vietnam War
26 Impact of Vietnam I. The Vietnam War cost the US govt. over 150 billion dollars II. 58,000 American servicemen lost their lives III. 3,000,000 Vietnamese deaths IV. Considered the first American military defeat V. Americans grew distrustful of their government A. Pentagon Papers (1971) secret study that the US government lied to the American people and Congress about the Vietnam War B. War Powers Act (1973) limited the president s ability to use US troops in international conflicts VI. 26 th Amendment lowered the voting age to 18 VII. American soldiers struggled with PTSD and returned home to an ungrateful nation
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