Abbreviations. xv Christophe Geiger Downloaded from Elgar Online at 01/09/ :17:08PM via free access

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1 Abbreviations A2K Access to Knowledge ABS Access and Benefits Sharing AC Law Reports: Appeal Cases (UK) ACHR American Convention on Human Rights AChHPR African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights ACP African, Caribbean and Pacific Group ACTA Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement ACTS African Centre for Technology Studies AIA America Invents Act 2011 Am. U. Int l L. Rev. American University International Law Review ANU Australian National University ASEAN Association of South-East Asian Nations AUSFTA Australia-US Free Trade Agreement BC Berne Convention BCODP British Council of Organisations of Disabled People Berkeley Tech. L.J. Berkeley Technology Law Journal BGH Bundesgerichtshof [Federal Court of Justice of Germany] BoA Board of Appeal BRCA gene breast cancer gene BVerfG Bundesverfassungsgericht [Federal Constitutional Court of Germany] BVerfGE Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts [Decisions of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany] BVerfGG Bundesverfassungsgerichtsgesetz [Act of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany] CAFTA Central America Free Trade Agreement Cal. California Reports CARICOM Caribbean Community and Common Market CARIFORUM Forum of the Caribbean Group of African, Caribbean and Pacific States Case Western Reserve Case Western Reserve Law Review LRev CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CDDH Steering Committee for Human Rights of the Council of Europe xv

2 xvi Research handbook on human rights and intellectual property CDIP CDM cdna CDPA CEIPI CEMAC CESCR CFREU CFS CGIAR ChFR EU CHRB CIL CIPR CJEU CLR CMLR CMS Colum. L. Rev. Colum-VLA JL& Arts Comms L Cong. Rec. Cong. Research Serv. CPC CSECL CTM CTMIR CTMR CUP DA DAISY DBoA DESA Committee on Development and Intellectual Property of WIPO Clean Development Mechanism complementary DNA Copyright, Design and Patents Act 1988 (UK) Centre for International Intellectual Property Studies of the University of Strasbourg Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union FAO Committee on World Food Security Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being with regard to the Application of Biology and Medicine Contemporary Issues in Law Commission on Intellectual Property Rights Court of Justice of the European Union Commonwealth Law Reports Common Market Law Reports cytoplasmic male sterility Columbia Law Review Columbia Journal of Law and the Arts Communications Law Congressional Record Congressional Research Service Community Patent Convention Centre for the Study of European Contract Law of the University of Amsterdam Community Trade Mark Community Trade Mark Implementing Regulation Regulation on the Community Trade Mark Cambridge University Press Development Agenda Digital Accessible Information System Disciplinary Board of Appeal UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs

3 Abbreviations xvii DMCA US Digital Millennium Copyright Act DR Dominican Republic D. Vt. United States District Court for the District of Vermont EBA Enlarged Board of Appeal EC European Community ECDR European Copyright & Design Reports ECHR European Convention on Human Rights ECJ European Court of Justice ECommHR European Commission of Human Rights ECOSOC United Nations Economic and Social Council ECR European Court Reports ECtHR European Court of Human Rights EFTA European Free Trade Association EHRR European Human Rights Reports EIF Enhanced Integrated Framework programme EIPIN European Intellectual Property Institutes Network EIPR European Intellectual Property Review EMLR Entertainment and Media Law Reports Ent.L.R. Entertainment Law Review Env LR Environmental Law Review EPAs Economic Partnership Agreements EPC European Patent Convention EPI Institute of Professional Representatives before the European Patent Office EPO European Patent Office EPO Enlarged Bd. App. EPO Enlarged Board of Appeal EPOrg European Patent Organisation EQE European Qualifying Examination ESA European Seed Association ESCR economic, social and cultural rights ESTs express sequence tags ETS European Treaty Series EU European Union EU Charter Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union EULAs End User License Agreements EWCA England and Wales Court of Appeal EWCA Civ England and Wales Court of Appeal (Civil Division) EWPCC Patents County Court of England and Wales F. Federal Reporter (US) F. Cas. Federal Cases (US)

4 xviii Research handbook on human rights and intellectual property F.2d Federal Reporter, Second Series (US) FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FCTC Framework Convention on Tobacco Control FDA US Food and Drug Administration Fed. Cir. Federal Circuit (US) FICs Pacific Forum Island Countries Florida L. Rev. Florida Law Review F.L.R. Family Law Reports FNI Fridtjof Nansen Institute FRA European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights FRAND Fair, Reasonable and Non-Discriminatory FRG Federal Republic of Germany F. Supp. Federal Supplement (US) FTA Free Trade Agreement FTAA Free Trade Area of Americas GA United Nations General Assembly GAC Government Advisory Committee GAOR United Nations General Assembly Official Records GATS General Agreement on Trade in Services GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GC Grand Chamber GI geographical indication GM genetically modified GMOs genetically modified organisms GOAR General Assembly Official Records GRCh Charta der Grundrechte [Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union] GRUR Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht GRUR Int. Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht, Internationaler Teil GRUR Prax. Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht, Praxis im Immaterialgüter- und Wettbewerbsrecht gtld generic Top Level Domain GURTs genetic use restriction technologies Harv. Int l L.J. Harvard International Law Journal Hastings LJ Hastings Law Journal HCA High Court of Australia Health & Hum. Rts. Health and Human Rights HGD Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights

5 Abbreviations xix HIV HLPE HLTF HRA HRC HRIAs HRL Rev Hum. Rts. L. Rev. Hum. Rts. Q. IACtHR ICANN ICCPR ICESCR ICH ICJ ICT ICTSD Iddri/IDDRI IGOs IIC ILC ILM ILO INDECOPI InfoSoc Inter-Am.Ct.H.R. Int l Rev. Intell. Prop. & Competition L. IP IP address IPKM IPQ human immunodeficiency virus High Level Panel of Experts High-Level Task Force Human Rights Act 1998 (UK) UN Human Rights Committee human rights impact assessments Human Rights Law Review Human Rights Law Review Human Rights Quarterly Inter-American Court of Human Rights Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights intangible cultural heritage International Court of Justice information and communication technologies International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development Institut du développement durable et des relations internationales/institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations intergovernmental organizations International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law International Law Commission International Legal Materials International Labour Organization National Institute for the Defense of Competition and Intellectual Property (Peru) Directive 2001/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society Inter-American Court of Human Rights International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law intellectual property Internet Protocol address Intellectual Property Law and Knowledge Management Masters at Maastricht University Intellectual Property Quarterly

6 xx Research handbook on human rights and intellectual property IPRED Directive 2004/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the enforcement of intellectual property rights IPRED2 Second Intellectual Property Rights Enforcement Directive IPR Intellectual Property Reports IPRs Intellectual Property Rights ISO International Organization for Standardization ISP Internet service provider ITPGRFA International Treaty for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture IViR Institute for Information Law of the University of Amsterdam J. Econ. Hist. Journal of Economic History J. Pat. & Trademark Journal of the Patent & Trademark Office Society Off. Soc y J. Trade L. & Devel Journal on Trade, Law and Development JCP Journal of Consumer Policy JCPS Journal of the Copyright Society of the USA JIPITEC Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law JIPLP Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice John Marshall L Rev John Marshall Law Review KEI Knowledge Ecology International LBoA Legal Board of Appeals LDC Least Developed Countries L. Ed. United States Supreme Court Reports, Lawyers Edition LJ Law Journal LR Law Review MarkenG Gesetz über den Schutz von Marken und sonstigen (Markengesetz) Kennzeichen [Law on the Protection of Trademarks and other Signs] MDGs Millennium Development Goals Mercosur Southern Common Market Minn. Intell. Prop. Rev. Minnesota Intellectual Property Law Review MIPLC Munich Intellectual Property Law Center MIPR Minnesota Intellectual Property Review MLS Multilateral System of Access and Benefit Sharing MPEP Manual of Patent Examining Procedure NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement NGOs non-governmental organizations NIC network information center

7 Abbreviations xxi NIEO NJW NYU OAPI OAS OASTS OECD OEWG OHCHR OHIM OJ OJ Eur. Pat. Off./OJ EPO OSP OUP P PACER Pat. Off. Bd. App. PC PCT Penn St. L. Rev. PGR PGRFA PICs PIJIP PITSE Propr. intell. PTAs PVP QIAP QMIPRI QMJIP QUNO RCD RLDI RP-BoA RPC New International Economic Order Neue Juristische Wochenschrift New York University Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle [African Intellectual Property Organization] Organization of American States Organization of American States Treaty Series Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Open Ended Working Group Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (Trade Marks and Designs) Official Journal of the European Union Official Journal of the European Patent Office Online Service Provider Oxford University Press Protocol 1 to the European Convention on Human Rights Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations Patent Office Board of Appeals Paris Convention Patent Cooperation Treaty Penn State Law Review plant genetic resources Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Pacific island countries Program on Information Justice and Intellectual Property Pacific Island Treaties Series (English version) Propriétés intellectuelles Preferential Trade Agreements Plant Variety Protection Quaker International Affairs Programme Queen Mary Intellectual Property Research Institute Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property Quaker United Nations Office Registered Community Designs Droit de l immatériel: informatique, médias, communication Rules of Procedure of the Boards of Appeal Reports of Patent, Design and Trade Mark Cases (UK)

8 xxii Research handbook on human rights and intellectual property RP-CJEU Rules of Procedure of the Court of Justice of the European Union RP-GC Rules of Procedure of the General Court of the European Union RTA Regional Trade Agreements RTD right to development R&D Research and Development S. Ct. Supreme Court Reporter (US) SCC Supreme Court of Canada SCL Special Compulsory Licences SCR Supreme Court Reports (Canada) SDNY United States District Court for the Southern District of New York SDSN Sustainable Development Solutions Network SIDS Small Island Developing States SINER-GI Strengthening International Research on Geographical Indications project SLAPP Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation SMTA Standard Material Transfer Agreement SOPA US Stop Online Piracy Act SPC Secretariat of the Pacific Community S.W. South Western Reporter (US) TBA Technical Board of Appeal TCE traditional cultural expression TEU Consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union TFEU Consolidated version of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union TK traditional knowledge TMD Trade Marks Directive TPMs technological protection measures TPP Trans-Pacific Partnership TRADE Trade-Related Agenda, Development and Equity TRIPs/TRIPS Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights TST UN Technical Support Team TWN Third World Network UDHR Universal Declaration of Human Rights UDRP Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy UK United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland UK Ct. App. UK Court of Appeal

9 Abbreviations xxiii UKHL UKSC UN UNAIDS UNCSD UNCTAD UNDP UNDRIP UNESCO UNHCHR UNSC UNTS UP UPIAS UPOV UPR URS US/USA U.S. USC US Const. USDA USPQ USPTO USSR UST Van.L.R. VCLT VUSC WBU WCT WHA WHO WIPO WLR WPPT WTO UK House of Lords UK Supreme Court United Nations Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development United Nations Conference on Trade and Development United Nations Development Programme United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights United Nations Security Council United Nations Treaty Series University Press Union of the Physically Impaired against Segregation International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants Universal Periodic Review Uniform Rapid Suspension System United States of America United States Reports US Code US Constitution US Department of Agriculture United States Patents Quarterly US Patent and Trademark Office Union of Soviet Socialist Republics United States Treaties and Other International Agreements Vanuatu Law Reports Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Supreme Court of the Republic of Vanuatu World Blind Union WIPO Copyright Treaty World Health Assembly World Health Organization World Intellectual Property Organization Weekly Law Reports (UK) WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty World Trade Organization

10 xxiv Research handbook on human rights and intellectual property Yale J. Int l L. ZACC Yale Journal of International Law Constitutional Court of South Africa