Notes on the Industrial Revolution ( ) A. Machines start to replace human & animal power in production and manufacturing of goods

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Notes on the Industrial Revolution ( ) A. Machines start to replace human & animal power in production and manufacturing of goods"

Transcription

1 I. Overview of Industrial Revolution (IR) Notes on the Industrial Revolution ( ) A. Machines start to replace human & animal power in production and manufacturing of goods B. Europe gradually transforms from an agricultural & commercial society into a modern industrial society C. Economic changes of the IR do more than any other movement to revolutionize life in Europe and western civilization II. England is the first country to industrialize A. Begins in 1780s (not complete until 1830s at the earliest) B. Economic and social factors 1. Land & geography a. Geographic isolation provides protection and separation from continental wars b. Large supply of coal and iron c. Canal network built in Britain after 1770 facilitates transportation of goods 2. Agricultural revolution a. Supply of cheap labor increases as the enclosure movement forces many landless farmers to move to urban areas b. Increase in agricultural productivity leads to lower food prices and in turn enabled ordinary people to purchase industrial goods 3. Role of government a. Gov t is sympathetic to industrial development, has effective central bank, and allows economy to operate w/few controls (thus encouraging personal initiative and the free flow of credit) b. Gov t is stable (i) England isn t left devastated by Napoleonic Wars 4. Colonial Empire a. Gives Britain access to raw materials needed to develop many industries 1

2 b. Colonies provide growing market for English goods C. A growing demand for textiles leads to the creation of the world s first large factories 1. Perpetual thread shortage in textile industry focuses attention on how to improve spinning (transforming cotton into thread) 2. Technological advances that improve spinning a. 1765, James Hargreaves invents spinning jenny, which mechanizes the spinning wheel c. 1769, Richard Arkwright invents the water frame, which improves thread spinning d. 1790, Samuel Crompton invents the spinning mule, which combines best features of spinning jenny and water frame i. Results in all cotton spinning gradually being done in factories 3. Improved methods for spinning cotton make cotton goods much cheaper a. Underwear/body linen (made of cotton) becomes much more widely available than it had been 4. Note: the creation of world s first modern factories in British cotton textile industry marks the beginning of the IR in Britain D. Steam engines and coal 1. The use of coal to power steam engines is one of hallmarks of the IR a. Revolution in energy involves transition from wood-burning to coal burning b. Coal i. Provides steam power used in many industries By 1850, England produces 2/3 of world s coal 2. Steam engine a. Thomas Savery (1698) and Thomas Newcomen (1705) invent steam pump to pump water out of mines i. Both engines are extremely inefficient Used to replace mechanical pumps powered by animals b. James Watt in 1769 invents and patents first efficient steam engine 2

3 i. By late 1780s, steam engine is regularly used in production in England c. Steam engine is most fundamental advance in technology -- marks first time in history that humanity has almost unlimited power at its disposal i. Steam-power begins to replace water power in cotton-spinning mills during the 1780s d. Steam power transforms iron industry E. Transportation Revolution i. Increasing supplies of coal boost iron production and give rise to heavy industry: the manufacture of machinery and materials used in production 1. Steam power dramatically improves transportation 2. Facilitates distribution of finished goods and delivery of raw materials to factories 3. New canal systems 4. Railroads a. 1803, first steam wagon used on streets of London b. 1825, George Stephenson makes railway locomotive commercially successful c. Impact of Railroads i. Greatly reduce cost of shipping goods over land i Spur growth of regional and national market for goods Facilitate growth of urban working class coming from rural areas F. Great Britain ( the workshop of the world ) in Produces 2/3 of world s coal 2. Produces more than ½ of world s iron and cotton cloth 3. Produces 20% of world s industrial goods (by 1860) 4. Population growth in Britain a million 3

4 million b. Thomas Malthus i. Argues that population will always tend to outgrow food supply b. David Ricardo i. Argues that wages would always sink to subsistence level bcs of pressure of population growth (Iron Law of Wages) III. Industrialization in Continental Europe A. National variations... different countries follow different routes 1. Belgium and the U.S. follow Britain s lead 2. France shows only gradual growth in the early 19 th century 3. By 1913, the U.S. surpasses Britain in per capita production & Germany is fast approaching levels in Britain B. Challenge of Industrialization 1. Factors contributing to slower industrialization on the Continent a. Napoleonic Wars devastate European continent b. Difficult for continental manufacturers to compete w/inexpensive British goods c. Technology of steam power is expensive d. Continental workers lack technological skills British works have developed 2. Advantages of Continental Countries a. Most continental countries have a tradition of a successful putting-out system b. Continental countries need not duplicate the wheel... can simply borrow British technology c. Cont. countries have strong independent gov ts C. Agents of Industrialization 1. Talented workers leave England and introduce new technology and methods abroad 4

5 2. Governments a. France imposes tariffs on British goods in order to protect & stimulate French economy and industrial development b. Prussia guarantees interest and principal on bonds issued by railroad developers to private investors c. In 1834 German member states establish a free trade zone and impose a uniform tariff against foreign countries 3. Changes in banking a. Gov ts allow banks to organize themselves as limited liability corporations... this legal status prevents investors in banks from being liable for losses beyond their initial investment and thus stimulates greater investment in the banks b. Banks, in turn, help develop RRs and companies working in heavy industry IV. Social effects/issues related to the Industrial Revolution A. New social order replaces traditional social hierarchy 1. New paradigm: individuals belong to economically determined classes which have conflicting interests a. Well-educated public comes to see itself as the middle class th Century becomes golden age of the middle class b. The people transform themselves into the working class B. Factory Owners (form part of bourgeoisie see Ch. 23) 1. A new group of factory owners joins the middle class (which previously consisted of merchants and professional people) 2. New opportunities for certain groups arise a. Artisans and highly talented skilled workers become very successful b. Certain ethnic and religious groups become successful (e.g., Protestant and Jewish citizens dominate banking in Catholic France) C. Factory Workers ( proletariat see Ch. 23) 1. Factory workers emerge as a new group in society 2. Early years of IR are tough for workers 5

6 a , little increase in purchasing power b , almost constant warfare w/france leads to high food prices 3. As IR progresses, economic condition of workers improves a. After 1840, there is a significant increase in real wages 3. Critics of IR s effect on factory workers a. Friedrich Engels ( ) lashes out at the middle class in his The Condition of the Working Class in England (1844) i. Argues that new poverty of industrial workers is worse than old poverty of cottage workers and agricultural laborers His ideas will influence Marx and later socialists b. Luddites i. A violent group of upset workers who blame industrialism for their jobs Beginning in 1812, attack factories in northern England and destroy new machines they believe will put them out of work D. Changes in working conditions 1. Factory work means more discipline and less personal freedom a. Cottage workers reluctant to work in factories bcs of impersonal environment and restrictions b. Early factories resemble English poorhouses, where destitute people went to live on welfare 2. Child labor exploitation a. Cottage workers reluctance to work in factories leads to increasing reliance on child labor b. Abandoned children become a main source of labor from local parishes and orphanages i. Owners exercise authority over children much like slave-owners c. Child exploitation not new, however i. Children are doing much of same work they did in the cottage industry 6

7 d. Factory Act of 1833 i. Limits workday for children ages 9-13 to 8 hours per day i iv. Limits workday of those ages to 12 hours Requires factories to establish elementary schools for children under age 9 Employment of children declines rapidly E. Social Effects of Industrialization 1. Urbanization a. Largest population transfer in human history b. During 19 th century, cities become industrial centers (in addition to gov tal & cultural centers) c. But note: in 1850 more British people still work on farms than in any other occupation 2. Working class injustices, gender exploitation and standard-of-living issues become hot button political and social issues of 19 th century 3. Family structure and gender roles w/in family change a. Families as an economic unit are no longer the chief unit of both production and consumption b. New wage economy means families are bound less closely together than in the past c. Productive work moves out of the home and into factories c. Although factories initially hire whole families to work together as a single unit, the Factory Act of 1833 restricting child labor breaks this pattern of families working together d. Gender-based roles at home and domestic life slowly emerge i. Married women are associated w/domestic duties, while men tend to be sole wage earners Women work outside the home only when family needs, illness, or death of a spouse requires them to do so F. Early Labor Movement in Europe 7

8 1. Working-class solidarity and class consciousness develops in both small workshops and large factories 2. Combination Acts (1799) a. Parliament prohibits labor unions b. Reaction to fear of radicalism in the French Revolution c. Workers widely disregard this law d. Law is repealed in 1824 and unions become more tolerated after Robert Owen ( ) in 1834 organizes the Grand National Consolidated Trades Union a. Scottish industrialist and social reformer who pioneers industrial relations by combining firm discipline w/a concern for health, safety, and working hours b. After 1815, experiments w/cooperative and socialists communities (including one in New Harmony, Indiana) c. His and other unionization efforts fail and British labor movement moves after 1851 in direction of craft unions 4. Craft unions win benefits for members through fairly conservative means 5. Chartist movement a. Organized in the face of Owen s national trade union collapse b. Demand that all men have the right to vote 8

SOCIAL IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

SOCIAL IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION SOCIAL IMPACT OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION I REPLACED THE TRADITION HIERACHRY WITH A NEW SOCIAL ORDER II THE GOLDEN AGE OF THE MIDDLE CLASS. 1. A new class of factory owners emerged in this period: the

More information

Chapter 9: The Industrial Revolution,

Chapter 9: The Industrial Revolution, Chapter 9: The Industrial Revolution, 1700 1900 The Industrial Revolution begins in Britain, spreads to other countries, and has a strong impact on economics, politics, and society. Rail locomotives began

More information

I. The Agricultural Revolution

I. The Agricultural Revolution I. The Agricultural Revolution A. The Agricultural Revolution Paves the Way 1. Wealthy farmers cultivated large fields called enclosures. 2. The enclosure movement caused landowners to try new methods.

More information

Unit 9 Industrial Revolution

Unit 9 Industrial Revolution Unit 9 Industrial Revolution Section 1: Beginnings of Industrialization The Industrial Revolution c. 1750/60-1850/60 The Industrial Revolution begins in Britain/England, spreads to other countries, and

More information

The Industrial Revolution. A new era in human history

The Industrial Revolution. A new era in human history The Industrial Revolution A new era in human history definition The Industrial Revolution is the replacement of human and animal power by other sources Agricultural Revolution Improved farming techniques

More information

Note Taking Study Guide DAWN OF THE INDUSTRIAL AGE

Note Taking Study Guide DAWN OF THE INDUSTRIAL AGE SECTION 1 DAWN OF THE INDUSTRIAL AGE Focus Question: What events helped bring about the Industrial Revolution? As you read this section in your textbook, complete the following flowchart to list multiple

More information

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain????

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain???? Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in Great Britain???? Read textbook pages 612-615. Write a paragraph explaining why the industrial revolution began in Great Britain. Please include something about

More information

The Start of the Industrial Revolution

The Start of the Industrial Revolution The Start of the Industrial Revolution I. Agricultural Revolution A. Industrial Revolution changed Europe from a mostly agricultural economy to industrialization- work driven by machinery B. Improved Farm

More information

Why was the Bank of England important during the Industrial Revolution?

Why was the Bank of England important during the Industrial Revolution? Why was the Bank of England important during the Industrial Revolution? 1 It allowed for the people of England to take out loans or get credit for various financial transactions 2 What Enlightenment economic

More information

Industrialism Changes the World. New Farming Methods Increase Agricultural Production

Industrialism Changes the World. New Farming Methods Increase Agricultural Production Industrialism Changes the World New Farming Methods Increase Agricultural Production Jethro Tull: seed drill crop rotation: planting a different crop in a different field each year the increase in farm

More information

The Beginnings of Industrialization

The Beginnings of Industrialization Name CHAPTER 25 Section 1 (pages 717 722) The Beginnings of BEFORE YOU READ In the last section, you read about romanticism and realism in the arts. In this section, you will read about the beginning of

More information

Ch. 15: The Industrial Revolution

Ch. 15: The Industrial Revolution Ch. 15: The Industrial Revolution I. Understanding Economics a. The Three Economic Questions i. People have unlimited wants, but limited resources. ii. 3 basic questions: 1. What should be produced? 2.

More information

Industrial Cities in Great Britain and Ireland,

Industrial Cities in Great Britain and Ireland, Outline Map Industrial Cities in Great Britain and Ireland, 1800 1850 Directions: Locate and label the following: Bristol, London, Birmingham, Belfast, Liverpool, Manchester, Glasgow, Newcastle, Edinburgh,

More information

CH 17: The European Moment in World History, Revolutions in Industry,

CH 17: The European Moment in World History, Revolutions in Industry, CH 17: The European Moment in World History, 1750-1914 Revolutions in Industry, 1750-1914 Explore the causes & consequences of the Industrial Revolution Root Europe s Industrial Revolution in a global

More information

SSWH 15 Presentation. Describe the impact of industrialization and urbanization.

SSWH 15 Presentation. Describe the impact of industrialization and urbanization. SSWH 15 Presentation Describe the impact of industrialization and urbanization. Vocabulary Industrial Revolution Industrialization Adam Smith Capitalism Laissiez-Faire Wealth of Nations Karl Marx Communism

More information

Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution Abraham Darby Richard Arkwright Water Frame Factory System George Stephenson Combination Acts Robert Owen Socialism 1832 Reform Bill People s Charter 1838 Factory

More information

INDUSTRY AND MIGRATION/THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH. pp

INDUSTRY AND MIGRATION/THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH. pp INDUSTRY AND MIGRATION/THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH pp 382-405 What drives history? Table Talk: Brainstorm some things that have driven history forward What do these things have in common? What changes have

More information

The Industrial Revolution Begins ( )

The Industrial Revolution Begins ( ) Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. Chapter 20, Section World History: Connection to Today Chapter 20 The Industrial Revolution

More information

The Early Industrial Revolution Chapter 22 AP World History

The Early Industrial Revolution Chapter 22 AP World History The Early Industrial Revolution 1760-1851 Chapter 22 AP World History Beginnings of Industrialization Main Idea The Industrial Revolution started in England and soon spread to other countries Why It Matters

More information

Chapter 9 1/14/2019. Alabama Standard. Ch.9 Section 1 (page #283)

Chapter 9 1/14/2019. Alabama Standard. Ch.9 Section 1 (page #283) Chapter 9 THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Alabama Standard Describe the impact of technological inventions, conditions of labor and economic theories of capitalism, liberalism, socialism, and Marxism during

More information

CHAPTER 25: The Industrial Revolution

CHAPTER 25: The Industrial Revolution Due Monday, March 24, 2014 NAME Period CHAPTER 25: The Industrial Revolution 25.1: The Beginnings of Industrialization (pg. 717-722) I. Industrial Revolution Begins in England A. What is the definition

More information

Industrial Revolution Mechanical Change in the World

Industrial Revolution Mechanical Change in the World Industrial Revolution Mechanical Change in the World STANDARD WHII.9a The student will demonstrate knowledge of the effects of the Industrial Revolution during the nineteenth century by a) citing scientific,

More information

The Industrial Revolution, cont d. S. Anderson World History

The Industrial Revolution, cont d. S. Anderson World History The Industrial Revolution, cont d S. Anderson World History The Industrial Revolution, cont d The Industrial Revolution brought about fundamental changes in the way goods are made. It introduced mass production

More information

In the early Antebellum era ( ), the U.S. economy grew rapidly The South, North, and West each developed specialized regional economies that

In the early Antebellum era ( ), the U.S. economy grew rapidly The South, North, and West each developed specialized regional economies that In the early Antebellum era (1800-1840), the U.S. economy grew rapidly The South, North, and West each developed specialized regional economies that became connected into a national market economy The

More information

The Industrial Revolution Beginnings. Ways of the World Strayer Chapter 18

The Industrial Revolution Beginnings. Ways of the World Strayer Chapter 18 The Industrial Revolution Beginnings Ways of the World Strayer Chapter 18 Explaining the Industrial Revolution The global context for the Industrial Revolution lies in a very substantial increase in human

More information

World History Chapter 25

World History Chapter 25 World History Chapter 25 Renaissance Reformation Age of Exploration Scientific Revolution Enlightenment The Industrial Revolution starts in England and soon spreads to other countries. Plentiful natural

More information

Unit Module 2: Transportation, Market, and Industrial Revolution

Unit Module 2: Transportation, Market, and Industrial Revolution Unit 4 1800-1848 Module 2: Transportation, Market, and Industrial Revolution Antebellum America: The Market and Transportation In the early Antebellum era (1800-1840), the U.S. economy grew rapidly The

More information

Unit 8. Innovation Brings Change 1800 s-1850 s

Unit 8. Innovation Brings Change 1800 s-1850 s Unit 8 Innovation Brings Change 1800 s-1850 s Unit Overview: Industrialization Era This unit addresses the development of the economies in the North and the South, innovations in technology and the application

More information

Summary The Beginnings of Industrialization KEY IDEA The Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain and soon spread elsewhere.

Summary The Beginnings of Industrialization KEY IDEA The Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain and soon spread elsewhere. Summary The Beginnings of Industrialization KEY IDEA The Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain and soon spread elsewhere. In the early 1700s, large landowners in Britain bought much of the land

More information

Industrial Revolution Essentials

Industrial Revolution Essentials Industrial Revolution Essentials SSWH15 The student will be able to describe the impact of industrialization, the rise of nationalism, and the major characteristics of worldwide imperialism. Analyze the

More information

In developing your answers to Part III, be sure to keep this general definition in mind:

In developing your answers to Part III, be sure to keep this general definition in mind: In developing your answers to Part III, be sure to keep this general definition in mind: discuss means to make observations about something using facts, reasoning, and argument; to present in some detail

More information

25.4 Reforming the Industrial World. The Industrial Revolution leads to economic, social, and political reforms.

25.4 Reforming the Industrial World. The Industrial Revolution leads to economic, social, and political reforms. 25.4 Reforming the Industrial World The Industrial Revolution leads to economic, social, and political reforms. The Philosophers of Industrialization Laissez-faire Economics Laissez faire economic policy

More information

25-1 The Industrial Revolution is tightly connected to the Agricultural Revolution In the early 1700s, the Agricultural Revolution brought several

25-1 The Industrial Revolution is tightly connected to the Agricultural Revolution In the early 1700s, the Agricultural Revolution brought several 25-1 The Industrial Revolution is tightly connected to the Agricultural Revolution In the early 1700s, the Agricultural Revolution brought several changes to farming in Britain including enclosures, crop

More information

Reading Essentials and Study Guide

Reading Essentials and Study Guide Lesson 1 The Growth of Industrial Prosperity ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How can industrialization affect a country s economy? How are political and social structures influenced by economic changes? Reading HELPDESK

More information

Industrialization Spreads. Section 9.3

Industrialization Spreads. Section 9.3 Industrialization Spreads Section 9.3 England First country to industrialize on huge scale Inspired other countries to industrialize Copy the British miracle Class structure becomes more rigid Raises the

More information

Chapter 9 and part of Chapter 8: Transforming the Economy,

Chapter 9 and part of Chapter 8: Transforming the Economy, Chapter 9 and part of Chapter 8: Transforming the Economy, 1790-1860 The Big Questions: What were the causes and consequences of the industrial and market revolutions, and how did they change the way ordinary

More information

netw rks Reading Essentials and Study Guide Mass Society and Democracy Lesson 1 The Growth of Industrial Prosperity

netw rks Reading Essentials and Study Guide Mass Society and Democracy Lesson 1 The Growth of Industrial Prosperity and Study Guide Lesson 1 The Growth of Industrial Prosperity ESSENTIAL QUESTION How can industrialization affect a country s economy? How are political and social structures influenced by economic changes?

More information

Essential Question: How did the development of regional economies & Clay s American System led to a national market economy?

Essential Question: How did the development of regional economies & Clay s American System led to a national market economy? Essential Question: How did the development of regional economies & Clay s American System led to a national market economy? CPUSH Agenda for Unit 4.4: Clickers Questions Market Revolution inquiry activity

More information

1: Population* and urbanisation for want of more hands

1: Population* and urbanisation for want of more hands 1: Population* and urbanisation for want of more hands *Remember that the study of population is called Demographics By 1900 there were nearly five times as many people in Britain as there were in 1750.

More information

Economic Theory: How has industrial development changed living and working conditions?

Economic Theory: How has industrial development changed living and working conditions? Economic Theory: How has industrial development changed living and working conditions? Adam Smith Karl Marx Friedrich Engels Thomas Malthus BACK David Ricardo Jeremy Bentham Robert Owen Classical Economics:

More information

2. Entrepreneurs a. People who found new business opportunities and new ways of making profits

2. Entrepreneurs a. People who found new business opportunities and new ways of making profits 1 World History Name Study Guide Chapter 19 Quiz/Test Industrialization and Nationalism DIRECTIONS Use the three sections that we covered in Chapter 19 (19.1: 614 612; 19.2: 624-626; 19.3: 630 637), your

More information

Industrialization Spreads

Industrialization Spreads 3 Industrialization Spreads MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW TERMS & NAMES EMPIRE BUILDING The industrialization that began in Great Britain spread to other parts of the world. The Industrial Revolution set

More information

The Industrial Revolution. The Start of Mass Production

The Industrial Revolution. The Start of Mass Production The Industrial Revolution The Start of Mass Production Section 1 Beginnings of Industrialization Main Idea The Industrial Revolution started in England and soon spread to other countries Why It Matters

More information

The Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution I. Industrial Revolution: During the 1700s and 1800s, agricultural and industrial innovations led to profound changes in society. The world became more interconnected and industrialization

More information

World History Chapter 25

World History Chapter 25 World History Chapter 25 Renaissance Reformation Age of Exploration Scientific Revolution Enlightenment The Industrial Revolution starts in England and soon spreads to other countries. Plentiful natural

More information

The Industrial Revolution. Europe s

The Industrial Revolution. Europe s The Industrial Revolution Europe 1780-1840s Another Ism Effects Europe: Industrialism Spurs of Industrial Revolution Why Did Industrialization Begin in England First? Industrial Revolution was largely

More information

Nationalism, Economic Revolution, and Social Change

Nationalism, Economic Revolution, and Social Change Nationalism, Economic Revolution, and Social Change 1800-1860 Nationalism and Economic Growth By 1815, following the end of The War of 1812, America had shown: That it could defend its sovereignty against

More information

The Industrial Revolution: England s Cities. The factory system changes the way people live and work, introducing a variety of problems.

The Industrial Revolution: England s Cities. The factory system changes the way people live and work, introducing a variety of problems. The Industrial Revolution: England s Cities The factory system changes the way people live and work, introducing a variety of problems. Last class: Industrial Revolution Industrialization The Industrial

More information

The textile industry began the industrial age. Changes in farming led to greater production of food but eliminated

The textile industry began the industrial age. Changes in farming led to greater production of food but eliminated Chapter Review Chapter Summary Section 1: The Dawn of the Industrial Age The textile industry began the industrial age. Changes in farming led to greater production of food but eliminated farming jobs,

More information

In the first half of the nineteenth century, economic changes called by historians the market revolution transformed the United States.

In the first half of the nineteenth century, economic changes called by historians the market revolution transformed the United States. 1 2 In the first half of the nineteenth century, economic changes called by historians the market revolution transformed the United States. Innovations in transportation and communication sparked these

More information

Transformation. Society

Transformation. Society Transformation of the Economy & Society in Antebellum America 1820-1860 A09W 10.11.01 Guiding Question Analyze the causes of the transformation of the American economy in the first half of the nineteenth

More information

UNIT 4: EXPANSION & REFORM LESSON 4.1: EFFECTS OF MANIFEST DESTINY & INDUSTRIALIZATION

UNIT 4: EXPANSION & REFORM LESSON 4.1: EFFECTS OF MANIFEST DESTINY & INDUSTRIALIZATION UNIT 4: EXPANSION & REFORM LESSON 4.1: EFFECTS OF MANIFEST DESTINY & INDUSTRIALIZATION ESSENTIAL QUESTION How does expansion and industrialization contribute to growing sectionalism within the United States

More information

The Westward Movement

The Westward Movement The Westward Movement The American West- the most typically American part of America Young America- half of all Americans were under the age of 30 Life in the West was grim for American families Poorly

More information

World History Unit 3 Benchmark Study Guide

World History Unit 3 Benchmark Study Guide World History Unit 3 Benchmark Study Guide Name Period # Date Directions: Use the textbook to answer the questions below. Every question is directly correlated with the benchmark test that you must pass

More information

Economic Expansion & Nationalism

Economic Expansion & Nationalism Economic Expansion & Nationalism WC Chapter 24 Industrialism Creates a Global Economy How did steam revolutionize transportation? What were its effects? How did the telegraph speed communication? What

More information

20, 2007 HARDSHIPS OF EARLY INDUSTRIAL LIFE

20, 2007 HARDSHIPS OF EARLY INDUSTRIAL LIFE HARDSHIPS OF EARLY INDUSTRIAL LIFE The New Industrial City urbanization - movement of people to cities - changes in farming, soaring pop. growth, demand for workers led masses of people to migrate from

More information

Division of Labor: giving each worker one or two simple jobs.

Division of Labor: giving each worker one or two simple jobs. Chapter 12 The Nation Grows (1815-1830) Section 1 Industries take Root Industrial Revolution: the growth of industry eventually produced changes so great that this time in history is called the Industrial

More information

FORGING THE NATIONAL ECONOMY, Chapter 14

FORGING THE NATIONAL ECONOMY, Chapter 14 FORGING THE NATIONAL ECONOMY, 1790 1860 Chapter 14 WESTWARD MOVEMENT & SHAPING THE WESTERN LANDSCAPE America West of the Alleghenies Population center shifts Life is brutal, primitive, isolated Land becomes

More information

World History Unit 12 Lesson 1 The Congress of Vienna

World History Unit 12 Lesson 1 The Congress of Vienna Unit 12 Lesson 1 The Congress of Vienna After the Napoleonic Wars, Europe faced many problems: 1) Many countries leaders had been replaced by Napoleon. 2) Some countries had been eliminated. 3) The liberalism

More information

HISTORY. March 21, 2018

HISTORY. March 21, 2018 HISTORY March 21, 2018 Capitalism-System in which the means of production is in the hands of an individual The economy was well balanced between agriculture and industry. Three stages of Capitalism in

More information

Chapter 10, Section 1 (Pages ) Economic Growth

Chapter 10, Section 1 (Pages ) Economic Growth Chapter 10, Section 1 (Pages 304 309) Economic Growth Essential Question What effects did the Industrial Revolution have on the U. S. economy? Directions: As you read, complete a graphic organizer like

More information

Chapter 9 Section 1. The Beginnings of Industrialization

Chapter 9 Section 1. The Beginnings of Industrialization Chapter 9 Section 1 The Beginnings of Industrialization Industrialization begins in Great Britain Took place between 1760 1840 Before the I.R. hands did most of the work By the mid 1700 s, began using

More information

Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution Chapter 9 Economic Transformation Industrial Revolution Division of Labor Industry in America 1790 1820 aided by transportation Industrial Revolution outwork system work done outside of shop modern factory

More information

Northern Industry. Unit III: Expansion, Nationalism, Sectionalism

Northern Industry. Unit III: Expansion, Nationalism, Sectionalism Northern Industry Unit III: Expansion, Nationalism, Sectionalism Using simple tools Technology advances Using complex machines Using natural sources of power Technology advances Using artificial sources

More information

netw rks Reading Essentials and Study Guide Growth and Division, Lesson 2 Early Industry ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Reading HELPDESK

netw rks Reading Essentials and Study Guide Growth and Division, Lesson 2 Early Industry ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS Reading HELPDESK and Study Guide Lesson 2 Early Industry ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS How did the nation s economy help shape its politics? How did the economic differences between the North and the South cause tension? Reading

More information

Chapter 20 The Industrial Revolution

Chapter 20 The Industrial Revolution Chapter 20 The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution in Britain Began in 1750; by 1850 Britain was the wealthiest country in the world Origins Several factors helped it happen Agricultural Revolution:

More information

Conservatism. Belief in strong controls on the population: absolute monarchy censorship strong aristocracy strong church

Conservatism. Belief in strong controls on the population: absolute monarchy censorship strong aristocracy strong church Advent of the Isms Conservatism Belief in strong controls on the population: absolute monarchy censorship strong aristocracy strong church Nationalism Patriotism strong sense of national identity & national

More information

INDUSTRY COMES OF AGE CHAPTER 24

INDUSTRY COMES OF AGE CHAPTER 24 INDUSTRY COMES OF AGE CHAPTER 24 Railroad Boom By 1900 the U.S. had more track than all of Europe combined 1890 Govt. Help for Railroads The U.S. govt encouraged railroad building in a # of ways Gave RR

More information

The March of Millions

The March of Millions The March of Millions Around 1850 the population was doubling every 25 years. By 186 there were 33 states. America was the fourth most populous nation in the world. Cities were rapidly developing as were

More information

The Factors Affecting American Economy From : Which Were. The United States economy was stimulated by many factors between

The Factors Affecting American Economy From : Which Were. The United States economy was stimulated by many factors between The Factors Affecting American Economy From 1800 1860: Which Were Most Important And Why William Heegaard Sometime in High School The United States economy was stimulated by many factors between 1800 and

More information

In developing your answers to Part III, be sure to keep this general definition in mind:

In developing your answers to Part III, be sure to keep this general definition in mind: In developing your answers to Part III, be sure to keep this general definition in mind: discuss means to make observations about something using facts, reasoning, and argument; to present in some detail

More information

ECON European Economic History The Industrial Revolution John Lovett $1,600 $1,400 $1,200. (Real GDP/capita) $1,000 $800 $600 $400 $200 $ 0

ECON European Economic History The Industrial Revolution John Lovett $1,600 $1,400 $1,200. (Real GDP/capita) $1,000 $800 $600 $400 $200 $ 0 ECON 343 European Economic History The Industrial Revolution John Lovett Exam 3 Code Name: In 28 we cover Perry et al instead. Objective Section: 7 pts, 2.5 points each unless noted. ( points This is just

More information

After the War of 1812 THE BEGINNING OF CHANGE IN AMERICAN POLITICS, ECONOMY, AND SOCIETY

After the War of 1812 THE BEGINNING OF CHANGE IN AMERICAN POLITICS, ECONOMY, AND SOCIETY After the War of 1812 THE BEGINNING OF CHANGE IN AMERICAN POLITICS, ECONOMY, AND SOCIETY Consequences of the War of 1812 Why was the War of 1812 fought? Impressment Violation of neutral shipping rights

More information

3. Which region had not yet industrialized in any significant way by the end of the nineteenth century? a. b) Japan Incorrect. The answer is c. By c.

3. Which region had not yet industrialized in any significant way by the end of the nineteenth century? a. b) Japan Incorrect. The answer is c. By c. 1. Although social inequality was common throughout Latin America in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a nationwide revolution only broke out in which country? a. b) Guatemala Incorrect.

More information

George R. Boyer Professor of Economics and ICL ILR School, Cornell University

George R. Boyer Professor of Economics and ICL ILR School, Cornell University Original essay prepared for 2013 Employment & Technology Roundtable Cornell University, ILR School April 12, 2013 New York City Robots and Looms: If today s robots are just the automated looms of the 21

More information

The Second Industrial Revolution 13.1

The Second Industrial Revolution 13.1 The Second Industrial Revolution 13.1 Things to know... Westerners in the 1800s worshiped progress due to the amazing material growth from the Second Industrial Revolution. Steel, chemicals, electricity,

More information

THE FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN THE U.S. How the War of 1812 & Technological Progress Change the Country

THE FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN THE U.S. How the War of 1812 & Technological Progress Change the Country THE FIRST INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN THE U.S. How the War of 1812 & Technological Progress Change the Country TECHNOLOGY MEANS PROGRESS Developments in technology begin to transform life in the U.S. in the

More information

Communism. Marx and Engels. The Communism Manifesto

Communism. Marx and Engels. The Communism Manifesto Communism Marx and Engels. The Communism Manifesto Karl Marx (1818-1883) German philosopher and economist Lived during aftermath of French Revolution (1789), which marks the beginning of end of monarchy

More information

1. The Enlightenment was the intellectual movement in which

1. The Enlightenment was the intellectual movement in which TE&IP Ch 21-22 Chapter 21 1. The Enlightenment was the intellectual movement in which a. the methods and questions of the Scientific Revolution were applied to human society. (pg. 602) b. the methods and

More information

1870: The Real Industrial Revolution

1870: The Real Industrial Revolution 1870: The Real Industrial Revolution J. Bradford DeLong June 2008 The most important fact to grasp about the world economy of 1870 is that the economy then belonged much more to its past of the Middle

More information

The Market Revolution:

The Market Revolution: The Market Revolution: By midcentury (1850s), capital and technology were converting enough central workshops into mechanized factories to convert the market revolution into a staggeringly productive industrial

More information

Today s Lesson A note from me to you

Today s Lesson A note from me to you Today s Lesson A note from me to you I apologize for not being with you today. I have tried to make this a PowerPoint that is easy to follow and one from which you can learn. During the presentation, you

More information

ECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT FROM THEN TO NOW TAKEN FROM

ECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT FROM THEN TO NOW TAKEN FROM ECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT FROM THEN TO NOW TAKEN FROM HTTP://MISSVHISTORY.BLOGSPOT.CA/ FIRST OCCUPANTS 1. TRADE NETWORKS BARTER BETWEEN NATIVES; NOMADIC GROUPS EXCHANGED GOODS WITH OTHERS, LIKE SEDENTARY

More information

History Paper 2 Topic

History Paper 2 Topic MERCANTILISM, IMPERIALISM AND NATIONALISM Discuss the development of Imperialism in the 19 th century? How was it different from mercantilism? What have been the broad theoretical explanations of Imperialism?

More information

Welcome back to WHAP! Thursday 2/15/18

Welcome back to WHAP! Thursday 2/15/18 Welcome back to WHAP! Thursday 2/15/18 Turn your Ch. 17 Skills Activity into the tray- make sure your name is on it You need to have your notes out and something to write with- be ready to take some notes

More information

Industrialization ( ) By: Amanda and Vanessa

Industrialization ( ) By: Amanda and Vanessa Industrialization (1850-1929) By: Amanda and Vanessa Two phases: 1 st : (1850-1867) 2 nd : (1880-1929) The First Phase of Industrialization (1850-1867) Free Trade policy= British Colonies forced to: Manufacture

More information

DRAWING FROM EXPERIENCEII

DRAWING FROM EXPERIENCEII Chapter 10, Section 1 For use with textbook pages 306 311 ECONOMIC GROWTH KEY TERMS Industrial Revolution A new way of working and producing goods (page 307) capital Money invested to start new businesses

More information

The 19th Century. Its Place in the Flow of History. Sunday, February 17, 13

The 19th Century. Its Place in the Flow of History. Sunday, February 17, 13 The 19th Century Its Place in the Flow of History Industrialization Industrial Revolution By the 1830s writers began using the Industrial revolution to refer to the extraordinary changes in their economic

More information

#1 INDUSTRIALIZATION

#1 INDUSTRIALIZATION #1 INDUSTRIALIZATION Industrialization the shift from an agricultural economy to one based on production and manufacturing completely changed the northern and western economy between 1820 and 1860. For

More information

Karl Marx. Louis Blanc

Karl Marx. Louis Blanc Karl Marx Louis Blanc Cooperatives! First cooperative 1844 in Rochdale, England " Formed to fight high food costs " 30 English weavers opened a grocery store with $140 " Bought goods at wholesale " Members

More information

The Spread of Industrialization

The Spread of Industrialization The New Factories The factory was very important to industrialization. Early on, factories were situated near water and powered by mills. When new energy sources were developed, however, factories could

More information

Warm Up 1/11/ Why did the Industrial Revolution occur in Britain first? Reminders: Ch. 17 Quiz Make Ups at Lunch/After School today

Warm Up 1/11/ Why did the Industrial Revolution occur in Britain first? Reminders: Ch. 17 Quiz Make Ups at Lunch/After School today Warm Up 1/11/16 1. Why did the Industrial Revolution occur in Britain first? Reminders: Ch. 17 Quiz Make Ups at Lunch/After School today A28 due Wednesday Ch. 18 Quiz Friday Discussion due Sunday The Significance

More information

Trends in Antebellum America:

Trends in Antebellum America: Mr. Cegielski Trends in Antebellum America: 1810-1860 Covered last unit: 1. New intellectual and religious movements 2. Social reforms 3. Increase in federal power Marshall Ct. decisions. This Unit: 1.

More information

Industrial and social revolutions Reforming and reshaping of nations

Industrial and social revolutions Reforming and reshaping of nations Industrial and social revolutions Reforming and reshaping of nations -Switch from manpower to machine power THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION - Great Britain leads the way - factors of production needed for growth:

More information

Goodbye Dems, and thanks for the memories

Goodbye Dems, and thanks for the memories Ch. 20-PREPARING FOR WAR! Unanswerable Question #1:Was the Civil War inevitable? Discuss! 1 Goodbye Dems, and thanks for the memories Until now the Democrats had escaped the worst of sectional conflict

More information

World History Alpha Lenze Final Exam Study Guide. Answer the questions as best you can include Who, What, When, Where, Why, How and So What.

World History Alpha Lenze Final Exam Study Guide. Answer the questions as best you can include Who, What, When, Where, Why, How and So What. World History Alpha Lenze 2013-14 Final Exam Study Guide Answer the questions as best you can include Who, What, When, Where, Why, How and So What. 1. What was a result of the Treaty of Verdun in 843?

More information

Heliocentric theory: Earth revolves around the sun

Heliocentric theory: Earth revolves around the sun Name: World History II block: SOL Review Day 2 Scientific Revolution Summary: With its emphasis on reasoned observation and systematic measurements, the scientific revolution changed the way people view

More information

World Civilizations. The Age of Revolution. Vocabulary. The Global Experience AP* Sixth Edition. Objectives

World Civilizations. The Age of Revolution. Vocabulary. The Global Experience AP* Sixth Edition. Objectives World Civilizations The Global Experience AP* Sixth Edition Chapter 23 The Emergence of Industrial Society in the West, 1750-1914 The Age of Revolution Objectives Forces for change in Europe Major causes

More information

CHAPTER 11 KEY ISSUE TWO: WHERE IS INDUSTRY DISTRIBUTED?

CHAPTER 11 KEY ISSUE TWO: WHERE IS INDUSTRY DISTRIBUTED? CHAPTER 11 KEY ISSUE TWO: WHERE IS INDUSTRY DISTRIBUTED? WORLD INDUSTRIAL REGIONS North America Industrialized areas in North America Changing distribution of U.S. manufacturing Europe Western Europe Eastern

More information

CH. 8: GROWTH OF A NATIONAL ECONOMY

CH. 8: GROWTH OF A NATIONAL ECONOMY 1 2 3 4 CH. 8: GROWTH OF A NATIONAL ECONOMY 1790-1850 Mr. Anderson, M.Ed., J.D. Review Who was John Marshall? Which president appointed him? What is he best remembered for? The Industrial Revolution Section

More information