Contents. Acknowledgements...xii Leading facts and indicators...xiv Acronyms and abbreviations...xvi Map: Pacific region, Marshall Islands...

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1 Contents Acknowledgements...xii Leading facts and indicators...xiv Acronyms and abbreviations...xvi Map: Pacific region, Marshall Islands... xii CHAPTER 1: CENSUS ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS...1 CHAPTER 2: OBJECTIVES, CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS...7 CHAPTER 3: POPULATION SIZE AND GROWTH...13 CHAPTER 4: AGE SEX COMPOSITION...19 CHAPTER 5: LITERACY, EDUCATION AND SCHOOL ATTENDANCE...25 CHAPTER 6: MIGRATION...31 CHAPTER 7: LABOR MARKET ACTIVITIES...37 CHAPTER 8: OCCUPATION AND INDUSTRY...43 CHAPTER 9: OTHER POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS: NUPTIALITY AND DISABILITY...49 CHAPTER 10: DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS: FERTILITY AND MORTALITY...57 CHAPTER 11: HOUSEHOLDS AND HOUSING UNITS DETAIL TABLE SECTION...81 ATOLL/ISLAND PROFILE Appendix A: List of forms used in the 2011 cph Appendix B1: Control listing form Appendix B2: Census questionnaire CPH Form 2 - Housing and persons Appendix B3: Census questionnaire Persons Appendix B4: Census questionnaire CPH Form Appendix B5: Control slip Appendix B6: Transmittal and receipt form Appendix B7: Notice of enumeration form Appendix C: List of persons involved in the Census operations iii

2 List of tables Table 3.1: Population enumerated in 1988, 1999 and 2011 censuses and intercensal population growth rate for atolls/islands, RMI...15 Table 3.2: Land area, population density in 1999 and 2011 censuses and density rank in 2011 by atoll/island, RMI Table 4.1: Age-specific sex ratios, RMI: 1988, 1999 and Table 5.1 Percentage distribution of urban and rural population 25 years and older by level of education and by sex, RMI: Table 6.1: In- and out-migrants five years old and over by atoll/island during the period April 2006 to March Table 6.2: Net-migration rate of population five years old and over by atolls/islands during the period April 2006 to March Table 7.1: Percentage distribution of the working population aged 15 and over by background characteristics, Marshall Islands Table 7.2: Economic activity by sex for population aged 15 and older, Marshall Islands Table 7.3: Growth in number of private and public paid employees by sex, Table 7.4: Economic activity by sex for population aged between 15 and 24, Marshall Islands Table 8.1: Employment by occupation and sex, Marshall Islands Table 8.2: Employment by occupation and sex for population aged between 15 and 24, Marshall Islands Table 8.3: Employment by major industry and sex, Marshall Islands Table 8.4: Employment by major industry and sex for population aged between 15 and 24, Marshall Islands Table 9.1 Percent never married, by age and sex, and singulate mean age at marriage (SMAM) by sex, RMI: Table 10.1: Number of women, mean parity and Age-Specific Fertility Rates by age of women, RMI: Table 10.2: Cumulated fertility rates, estimated parity equivalents, P/F ratios, Adjusted Age-Specific Fertility Rates and estimated number of births, RMI: Table 10.3: Total Fertility Rate, Gross Reproduction Rate, General Fertility Rate and Crude Birth Rate by urban/rural residence, RMI: Table 10.4: Proportion of children still living and proportion of live born children who are now dead by age of women, RMI: Table 10.5: Estimation of probabilities of dying and surviving based on proportion of live born children who are now dead by age of women, RMI: Table 10.6: Estimated reference period of probabilities of dying, q(x), RMI: Table 10.7 Estimates of life expectancy at birth, Infant Mortality Rate, Crude Death Rate and associated mortality level in the West model life tables by sex, RMI: 1999 and Table 11.1: Average household size by atoll/island, RMI: 1999 and Table 11.2: Floor area of occupied housing units by urban/rural residence, RMI: iv iv

3 List of figures Figure 1.1: RMI 2011 CPH organizational structure...3 Figure 3.1: Population and average annual growth rate, RMI: Figure 3.2: Percentage distribution of population by Atoll/Island, RMI: Figure 3.3: Density of Urban and Rural Population, RMI: Figure 3.4: Percentage distribution of total population and urban population, RMI: Figure 4.1: Age-sex pyramid of the RMI: Figure 4.2: Age-sex pyramid of the RMI: Figure 4.3: Age-sex pyramid urban sector: Figure 4.4: Age-sex pyramid rural sector: Figure 4.5: Percentage distribution of population by broad age groups, RMI: 1999 and Figure 4.6: Percentage distribution of population by urban-rural residence, RMI: Figure 4.7: Total, child and elderly dependency ratios (per 100 working-age population), RMI: 1988, 1999 and Figure 4.8: Sex ratio of population (males per 100 females), RMI: Figure 5.1: Literacy rate by sex, RMI: 1999 and Figure 5.2: Population six years and older by highest grade completed, RMI: Figure 5.3: Population six years and older by highest grade completed and sex, RMI: Figure 5.4: Percent of population six years and older who completed high school or higher level of education by atoll/island, RMI: Figure 5.5: Population 25 years and older by highest grade completed, RMI: 1999 and Figure 5.6: Percent of population 6-18 years who attended school at any time in the year preceding the census by atoll/island, RMI: Figure 5.7: Population 6 18 years who did not attend school during the year preceding the census by highest grade completed, RMI: Figure 6.1: In-migrants of Majuro by atoll/island of origin during the period April 2006 to March Figure 6.2: Migrants from foreign countries by destination during the period April 2006 to March Figure 6.3: Population born in foreign countries by place of birth...36 Figure 7.1: RMI labor force framework, Figure 9.1: Population 12 years old and over by marital status, RMI: Figure 9.2: Singulate mean age at marriage (SMAM) by sex, RMI: 1999 and Figure 9.3: Singulate mean age at marriage (SMAM) by urban-rural residence and sex, RMI: Figure 9.4: Population with number of disabilities by sex, RMI: Figure 9.5: Population with any disability by age and sex, RMI: Figure 9.6(a): Population with seeing disability by sex, RMI: v v

4 Figure 9.6(b): Population with hearing disability by sex, RMI: Figure 9.6(c): Population with walking disability by sex, RMI: Figure 9.6(d): Population with memory disability by sex, RMI: Figure 10.1: Age-Specific Fertility Rates, RMI: 1999 and Figure 10.2: Age-Specific Fertility Rates by urban-rural residence, RMI: Figure 10.3: Mean children ever born by age of women, RMI: 1999 and Figure 10.4: Mean children ever born by age of women and urban-rural residence, RMI: Figure 11.1: Buildings by year of construction, RMI: Figure 11.2: Households by household size, RMI: 1999 and Figure 11.3: Average household size by atoll/island, RMI: Figure 11.4: Occupied housing units using galvanized/aluminium/tin for construction materials of the roof by atoll/island, RMI: Figure 11.5: Occupied housing units by construction material of outer walls, RMI: Figure 11.6: Tenure status of housing units of occupied households, RMI: Figure 11.7: Households by type of fuel used for lighting, RMI: Figure 11.8: Households by type of fuel used for cooking, RMI: Figure 11.9: Households by source of drinking water, RMI: Figure 11.10: Households by source of water for household activities, RMI: Figure 11.11: Households by type of toilet facility, RMI: Figure 11.12: Households by manner of garbage disposal, RMI: Figure 11.13: Median annual income of households by atoll/island, RMI: Figure 11.14: Number of households by agriculture activities, RMI: Figure 11.15: Households by agriculture activities by rural and urban sectors, RMI: vi vi

5 DETAIL TABLES Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Table 7. Table 8. Table 9. Table 10. Table 11. Table 12. Table 13. Table 14. Table 15. Table 16. Table 17. Population By Single Year Of Age And Sex For Urban (Majuro Atoll And Kwajalein Atoll) And Rural Sector, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 86 Population By Five-Year Age Group And Sex For Urban (Majuro Atoll and Kwajalein Atoll) And Rural Sector, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 88 Population By Five-Year Age Group, Sex And By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 92 Population 12 Years Old And Over By Marital Status, Sex And By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 94 Republic Of Marshall Islands: to 95 Urban Sector (Majuro Atoll And Kwajalein Atoll): to 96 Rural Sector: to 97 Majuro Atoll: to 98 Kwajalein Atoll: to 99 Ebeye Island: to 97 Population By Relationship To Head Of Household, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Population By Religious Affiliation And Sex For Urban (Majuro Atoll And Ebeye Island) And Rural Sector, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 103 Population By Country Of Citizenship, Sex And By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 107 Population By Country Of Citizenship, Age Group And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 110 Population With Difficulty In Seeing, By Atoll/Island And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 112 Population With Difficulty In Seeing, Age Group And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 113 Population With Difficulty In Hearing, By Atoll/Island And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 114 vii

6 Table 18. Table 19. Table 20. Table 21. Table 22. Population With Difficulty In Hearing, By Age Group And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Population With Difficulty In Walking, By Atoll/Island And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 117 Population With Difficulty In Walking, By Age Group And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 118 Population With Difficulty In Remembering Or Concentrating, By Atoll/Island And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 120 Population With Difficulty In Remembering Or Concentrating, By Age Group And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 121 Table 23. Population By Language Spoken, By Atoll/Island: to 122 Table 24. Table 25. Table 26. Table 27. Table 28. Table 29. Table 30. Table 31. Table 32. Table 33. Table 34. Population 6 Years Old And Over By Highest Grade Completed And Sex, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 126 Population 6 Years Old And Over By Age Group, Highest Grade Completed And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 129 Population 6 Years Old And Over By Age Group, Highest Grade Completed And Sex, Majuro Atoll: to 132 Population 6 Years Old And Over By Age Group, Highest Grade Completed And Sex, Kwajalein Atoll: to 135 Population 6 Years Old And Over By Age Group, Highest Grade Completed And Sex, Ebeye Island: to138 Literacy Of Household Population 10 Years Old And Over By Age Group And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Literacy Of Household Population 10 Years Old And Over By Age Group And Sex, Majuro Atoll: Literacy Of Household Population 10 Years Old And Over By Age Group And Sex, Kwajalein Atoll: Literacy Of Household Population 10 Years Old And Over By Age Group And Sex, Ebeye Island: Literacy Of Household Population 10 Years Old And Over By Sex, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: School Going Age Household Population (6 To 21) Years By Age Group, Sex And School Attendance From April 2010 To March 2011, By Atoll/Island: to 143 Table 35. Household Population Attending School At Anytime From April 2010 To March 201, By Age And Highest Grade Completed And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 146 Table 36. Household Population Attending School At Anytime From April 2010 To March 2011, By Age And Highest Grade Completed And Sex, Majuro Atoll: to 149 viii

7 Table 37. Household Population Attending School At Anytime From April 2010 To March 2011, By Age And Highest Grade Completed And Sex, Kwajalein Atoll: to 152 Table 38. Household Population Attending School At Anytime From April 2010 To March 2011, By Age And Highest Grade Completed And Sex, Ebeye Island: to 155 Table 39. Table 40. Table 41. Table 42. Table 43. Table 44. Table 45. Table 46. Table 47. Table 48. Table 49. Table 50. Table 51. School Going Age Household Population (6 To 21 Years) Not Attending School At Any Time From April 2010 To March 2011by Age Group And Highest Grade Completed, Republic Of The Marshall Island: to 157 School Going Age Household Population (6 To 21 Years) Not Attending School At Any Time From April 2010 To March 2011, By Age Group And Highest Grade Completed, Majuro Atoll: to 158 School Going Age Household Population (6 To 21 Years) Not Attending School At Any Time From April 2010 To March 2011, By Age Group And Highest Grade Completed, Kwajalein Atoll: to 160 School Going Age Household Population (6 To 21 Years) Not Attending School At Any Time From April 2010 To March 2011, By Age Group And Highest Grade Completed, Ebeye Island: to 161 Household Population 5 Years Old And Over Who Moved To Current Residence At Anytime From June 2006 To March 2011, By Place Of Previous Residence And Sex, By Atoll/Island Of Current Residence, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 166 Household Population By Birth Place, And By Atoll/Island Of Current Residence, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 175 Household Population 15 Years Old And Over Who Are Regular Users Of Cigarette, Tobacco And Betelnut, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 177 Households By Number Of Employed Persons In Household, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Type Of Worker And Sex, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 182 Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Type Of Worker, Age Group And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 184 Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Class Of Worker, Highest Grade Completed And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 187 Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Broad Occupation Group, Age Group And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 189 Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Broad Industry Group, Age Group And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 192 Table 52. Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Broad Occupation Group, By Country Of Citizenship And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 195 ix

8 Table 53. Table 54. Table 55. Table 56. Table 57. Table 58. Table 59. Table 60. Table H1. Table H2. Table H3. Table H4. Table H5. Table H6. Table H7. Table H8. Table H9. Table H10. Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Broad Industry Group, By Country Of Citizenship And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 201 Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Occupation, Type Of Worker And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 207 Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Occupation, Broad Industry Group And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 219 Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Occupation, Highest Grade Completed And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 228 Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Industry, Highest Grade Completed And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 252 Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Broad Industry Group, Place Of Work And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 258 Employed Population 15 Years Old And Over By Broad Occupation Group, Place Of Work And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 261 Institutional Population By Type Of Institution, Residence Status And Sex, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Occupied, Household Enumerated, Refusal, Vacant Building and Household Unable to Complete Interview, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands : to 289 Occupied Housing Units, Households, Household Population And Ratio of Household Population To Occupied Housing Units By Type Of Dwelling, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 293 Occupied Housing Units By Construction Materials Of The Roof, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Occupied Housing Units By Construction Materials Of The Outer/Outside Walls, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Occupied Housing Units By Condition (State Of Repair) Of The Building And By Year Building Was Built, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 301 Occupied Housing Units By Floor Area And Number Of Occupants, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 306 Households By Household Size, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Households By Tenure Status Of The Housing Unit The Household Occupies, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Households Who Own Housing Units Occupied By Manner Of Acquisition, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 308 Owner-Households Who Had Purchased/ Constructed Their Housing Units, By Source Of Financing, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: x

9 Table H11. Table H12. Table H13. Table H14. Table H15. Table H16. Table H17. Table H18. Table H19. Table H20. Table H21. Table H22. Table H23. Table H24. Table H25. Table H26. Table H27. Table H28. Households By Type Of Fuel Used For Lighting By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 310 Households By Type Of Fuel Used For Cooking By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 311 Households By Main Source Of Drinking Water, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 312 Households By Water Used for Other Household Activities, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Households By Kind Of Toilet Facility, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Households By Usual Manner Of Garbage Disposal, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Households By Presence Of Household Conveniences, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: to 316 Households By Income In 12 Months Prior To Census Interview, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Households By Source Of Income, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Number of Households by Growing Crops by Purpose, by Atoll/Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands: Number of Households Raising Livestock By Purpose, by Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Number of Households Fishing by Purpose, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Number Of Households By Income Earning By Agriculture Activities, By Atoll/Island, Republic Of The Marshall Islands: Household By Fishing Methods Commonly Used, By Atoll/Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands: Household By Type Of Fruit Trees Grown, And By Atoll/Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands: Households By Type Of Crops Grown And By Atoll/Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands: Households By Number Of Chickens Raised, By Atoll/Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands: Household By Number Of Pigs Raised, By Atoll/Island, Republic of the Marshall Islands: xi

ANALYTICAL REPORT AT NATIONAL LEVEL

TRANSITIONAL GOVERNMENT OF ETHIOPIA OFFICE OF THE POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS COMMISSION THE 1984 POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS OF ETHIOPIA ANALYTICAL REPORT AT NATIONAL LEVEL ADDIS ABABA DECEMBER 1991