Teadus- ja arendustegevuse strateegia Teadmistepõhine Eesti (TE II) 20. september 2005
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1 Teadus- ja arendustegevuse strateegia Teadmistepõhine Eesti (TE II) 20. september 2005
2 TE II koostamise protsess 16. juuli 2004, HTM ministri käskkirjaga moodustati komisjon: J. Engelbrecht (esimees), K. Haller, A. Heinaru, T. Jagomägi, A. Karis, A. Kolk (aseesimees), K. Kubo, R. Küttner, R. Malmstein, M. Ross, I. Sikk, M. Tiits, R. Vaikmäe Komisjoni töösse lülitusid I. Reimand, T. Danilov, M. Võõras, L.Tammiste, K. Hakkaja, K. Jaanson TE I analüüs, statistika kogumine, TA olukorra analüüs, arutelud
3 Kus me oleme? (1) 2003 TA kogukulud 0,83% SKPst (EL keskmine 1,93% SKPst), kuid kasvanud viimastel aastatel ISI ESI riigi tsiteerimisindeksi järgi on Eesti uute liikmesriikidega võrreldes suhteliselt heal positsioonil, ent jääb siiski oluliselt maha ülejäänutest Teadlaste arv 4,6 teadlast ja inseneri 1000 töötaja kohta (2003) OECD riikide keskmine 6,5, Soome 15,8, EL 5,8 Euroopa riikides on doktoritööde kaitsnute arv kordades suurem Eesti vastavast näitajast. Soome edestab Eestit ligi 4 korda. Eesti jääb maha loodus- ja täppisteadustes ning rakenduslikel erialadel kaitstud doktorikraadide osakaalu poolest
4 Kus me oleme? (2) Patenteerimisaktiivsus väike, erasektori osalus TAs (37% 2003) madalam võrreldes arenenud riikidega (USA 63,1%, Soome 69,5%, EL keskmine 55,5%) Innovatiivsete ettevõtete innovatsioonikulutused 1,43% kogukäibest (EL vastav keskmine näitaja 2,15%) Korrastatud ja toimiv TA struktuur (ülikoolid, TA asutused, finantsinstrumendid (SF, ETF, EAS, baasfinantseerimine)
5 TE I eesmärkide ja vahendite võrdlus saavutatu ja tegelike ressurssidega (HTM) 1,40% 1,20% 1,00% 0,80% 0,60% 0,40% 0,20% 0,00% Kogukulud - TPE TE I Riiklik rahastamine - TPE TE I Kogukulud - tegelik Riiklik rahastamine - tegelik
6 TA rahastamine riigieelarvest aasta MEEK % SKPst 2005 eelarve 2005 koos lisaeelarvega 2005 strateegia 2006 eelarve kavand 2006 eelarve täiendatud 2006 strateegia 837,2 873, ,3 1045,6 1191,3 0,54 0,56 0,68 0,55 0,61 0,70
7 T&A tegevuse rahastamine Eestis institutsionaalse sektori järgi (Eesti Statistikaamet) 60% 50% 51% 52% 51% 48% 47% 40% 35% 35% 37% kõrgharidussektor 30% 24% 24% riiklik sektor erasektor 20% 23% 10% 14% 17% 16% 0%
8 Figure R&D intensity (GERD as % of GDP) - average annual growth (%) Cyprus China Estonia Sweden Hungary Spain Denmark Lithuania Austria Italy Belgium Slovenia Japan Finland Czech Republic Germany EU-25 (1) UK France Portugal Ireland US Netherlands Greece Slovakia Latvia Poland (2) (3)
9 Figure Number of researchers (FTE) per 1000 labour force, 2003 (1); in brackets : average annual growth rates (%), (2) Finland (7.0) 16,2 Sweden (4.6) Japan (2.1) 10,1 10,1 US (3.2) Luxembourg (na) Denmark (2.1) 8,7 8,6 9,0 Belgium (3.8) 7,9 France (3.0) Germany (1.5) 6,3 6,8 Estonia (0.3) 4,9 4,5 4,0 UK (4.1) 5,5 Slovakia (-1.4) 3,7 3,6 Austria (5.7) EU-25 (2.8) (3) 5,5 5,4 Hungary (4.5) Greece (5.8) 3,6 3,5 3,3 Netherlands (1.2) 5,1 Latvia (4.3) 3,0 2,9 Ireland (2.5) Slovenia (2.7) 5,0 5,0 2,8 Cyprus (10.3) 1, Spain (7.5) 4,
10 Figure Highly-qualified scientific and technical workers (1) as % of total labour force, 2003 (2) Denmark Sweden Finland Belgium Cyprus UK Netherlands France Spain Ireland Estonia Germany EU-25 Slovenia Lithuania Greece Luxembourg Hungary Poland Latvia Austria Malta Czech Republic Italy Slovakia 7.8 Portugal
11 Doktoritööde kaitsmine PhD kaitsnute % vanusegrupis (EUROSTAT 2001) 0,70 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00 0,58 0,29 0,26 0,09 0,13 0,15 0,08 0,11 0,10 0,04 0,03 0,02 0,03 0,02 0,01 EU 15 ACC 10 EU 25 Eesti Soome PhD kaitsnute % vanusegrupis kokku loodus- ja täppisteadustes (science) PhD kaitsnute % vanusegrupis rakenduslikel erialadel (engineering, manufacturing, construction) PhD kaitsnute % vanusegrupis
12 Figure Number of scientific publications per million population, 2003 Sweden Denmark Finland Netherlands UK Belgium Austria Slovenia US France Germany Ireland EU-25 Italy Spain Japan Greece Czech Republic Hungary Estonia Portugal Slovakia Poland Cyprus Luxembourg Lithuania Latvia Malta
13 Publitseerimine ISI Essential Science Indicators 2005 märtsi seisuga NOR USA SKP per capita $ RUS ESP GRE SLO POR MLT CZE SVK HUN LIT EST POL LAT AUT DEN IRL ISL BEL JPN FRA GBR NED GER ITA FIN SWE SWZ 5000 CHI 0 0,00 2,00 4,00 6,00 8,00 10,00 12,00 14,00 16,00 riigi tsiteerimisindeks
14 Patendid Allikas: European Commission DG Research Key Figures (2003) Välja antud patente 1 mln elaniku kohta USA Soome Rootsi Norra Eesti Leedu Läti Välja antud patente 1 miljoni elaniku kohta 2000 a USA Patendiametis välja antud patendid 1 miljoni elaniku kohta 2002 a
15 Figure Triadic patent families and publications per million population, SE Publications per million population, DK FI 1200 UK NL 1000 BE 800 SI AT US FR DE 600 IE EU-25 ES IT JP EL EE 400 CZ HU PT PL SK 200 CY LU LV LT MT Triadic patent families per million population, 2000 (1)
16 Probleemid Inimkapitali nappus Teadmiste ülekanne ühiskonda Teadustööks vajalik keskkond Võtmesuunad Vähene fokuseeritus
17 Visioon ehk kuhu me tahame jõuda? Eesti on EL liikmesriigina kujunenud teadmistepõhiseks ühiskonnaks, kus uute teadmiste loomine, teadmiste ja oskuste vastuvõtu- ja rakendamisvõime on oluliseks elukvaliteedi tõusu allikaks Teadmistepõhise ühiskonna arengumootoriks on teadus- ja arendustegevus ning innovatsioon, mida toetab tulevikku vaatav ja paindlik haridussüsteem, väärtustatud on haritud ja uuendusmeelsed inimesed Eesti on oma avatuse, saavutuste ning tegude kaudu tuntud teadmiste ja uuenduste atraktiivse keskkonnana, olles väärikas partner rahvusvahelises koostöös
18 Eesmärgid Üldeesmärk: Intensiivistada teadus- ja arendustegevust ning innovatsiooni tasemeni, mis suudab kindlustada Eesti ühiskonna ülemineku teadmistepõhisele ühiskonnamudelile ja tagada teadmistepõhise ühiskonna jätkusuutliku toimimise Alameesmärgid: Teadmiste ja oskuste kvaliteet ning teadmiste ja oskuste maht ühiskonnas Teadmiste ja oskuste laiapõhjaline tulemuslik kasutamine ühiskonnas Tõhus teadus- ja arendustegevus ning innovatsiooni toetav avalik sektor
19 Tegevussuunad eesmärkide saavutamiseks Inimkapitali arendamine teadlaste ja inseneride arvu suurendamine ja järjepidevuse tagamine (doktoriõpe, talendid) Teadustöö tulemuslikkuse ja rahvusvahelise nähtavuse suurendamine (tippkeskused, rahvusvaheline koostöö) Teadmiste siire teadmiste laiaulatuslik rakendamine majandusarengu tagamiseks (lisandväärtuse teke) ja ühiskonna tulemuslikumaks toimimiseks Teadmiste loomiseks ja oskuste arendamiseks ning nende siirdeks atraktiivse keskkonna kujundamine Teadus- ja arendustegevuse ning innovatsiooni rahastamine
20 Rakenduskava TE II on teadus- ja arendustegevuse ning innovatsiooni strateegilise juhtimise dokument, mille alusel TAN kiidab heaks ministeeriumide koostööna valminud iga-aastased tegevuskavad strateegia realiseerimiseks Peaminister esitab igal aastal Riigikogule teadus- ja arendustegevuse aruande Haridus- ja Teadusministeerium ning Majandus- ja Kommunikatsiooniministeerium tagavad vajalike poliitikate, meetmete väljatöötamise või initsieerimise, kaasates sellesse protsessi teadlaskonda, teadusasutusi, Teaduste Akadeemia, ettevõtjate ühendusi jpt olulisi osapooli TAN jälgib strateegia täitmist ja teeb ettepanekuid tegevuskavadesse
21 TAN- koosolekul kokkulepitu Aasta T&A kogukulutused (% SKPst) Ettevõtlussektori T&A kulutused (% SKPst) Riigi finantseeritud ettevõtlussektori T&A kulutused (% SKPst) ,5 0,6 0, ,9 0,8 0, kuni 3,0 1,2 0,5
22 Diskussioon Võtmevaldkonnad Tegevuste täpsustamine
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