Housing and Serving Undocumented People

Transcription

1 Helly Lee Senior Policy Analyst Housing and Serving Undocumented People National Conference on Ending Homelessness July 16,

2 More than 41.3 million immigrants in the U.S. (13% of total U.S. population) 47% (19.3 million) are naturalized citizens 53% (22.1 million) are non-citizens, including Lawful Permanent Residents; Refugees and asylees; Legal residents on temporary visas; and Undocumented immigrants Source: Frequently Requested Statistics on Immigrants and Immigration in the U.S., MPI,

3 There are approximately 11 million undocumented immigrants in the U.S. Estimated Undocumented Population by Age Age Percent Under 18 10% % % % % % 65+ 1% Source: A Demographic, Socioeconomic, and Health Coverage Profile of Unauthorized Immigrants in the U.S., MPI,

4 32% of undocumented adults, and 51% of undocumented children live below 100% of the federal poverty level. 74% (or 7.22 million) of undocumented immigrants are in the labor force and many are in low wage jobs such as: Retail Trade (23%) Construction (15%) Manufacturing (12%) Agriculture (10%) 4

5 LAWFUL REFUGEES, LAWFUL PERMANENT LAWFUL PERMANENT PERMANENT ASYLEES, VICTIMS RESIDENTS RESIDENTS RESIDENTS OF TRAFFICKING, (age 18 and over) (under age 18) PROGRAM (pregnant women) OTHERS 1 If entered the U.S. on or after A u g u s t 2 2, : ACA Health Care Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Reform Subsidies (premium tax credits and cost-sharing reductions) SNAP Eligible Eligible period or have credit for 40 period or have credit for quarters of work 40 quarters of work MEDICAID State option 3 to provide without a State option to provide without a Eligible 4 period 2 5-year waiting period 2 5-year waiting period 2 CHIP State option State option Eligible to provide without a to provide without a period 5-year waiting period 5-year waiting period Source: National Immigrant Law Center LAWFULLY PRESENT INDIVIDUALS Eligible State option for children under 21 and pregnant women only State option for children under 21 and pregnant women UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANTS (including children and pregnant women) Also not eligible for full-priced health insurance in the Exchange marketplace Eligible only for emergency Medicaid TANF until after 5 year waiting Eligible 4 period 5 period 5 period 5 SSI Only eligible during first 7 years period and have credit for period and period and have credit after status is granted 40 quarters of work or have credit for 40 for 40 quarters of work meet another exception quarters of work or meet another exception 5

6 Emergency Medicaid Immunizations, testing and treatment of communicable diseases Education (K-12, Plyer v. Doe) School lunch and breakfast 6

7 Section 214 of the Housing and Community Development Act restricts: Section 8 housing assistance programs Public housing Housing Development Grants program Section 235 homeownership program Section 236 interest reduction and rental assistance program Rent Supplement program Mixed status families (where one or more member of a household is a citizen or eligible immigrant) may receive prorated assistance from Section 214 covered programs 7

8 Exempt from immigrant eligibility limitations are services or assistance necessary for the protection of life and safety: Crisis counseling and intervention programs Short-term shelter or housing assistance Programs for weather emergencies Soup kitchens, food banks, senior nutrition programs Medical & public health services, mental health, disability or substance abuse necessary to protect life and safety *U.S. Department of Justice, Final Specification of Community Programs Necessary for Protection of Life or Safety under Welfare Reform Legislation, A.G. Order No , published in 66 FR (Jan. 16, 2001). 8

9 More resources on immigrant access to benefits: National Immigration Law Center CLASP Migration Policy Institute 9