On the move in the world and in Europe

Transcription

1 On the move in the world and in Europe Pestalozzi Workshop, International Organization for Migration IOM

2 Contents Overview on IOM Key terms Global migration flow Regional aspects Other actors in the field Current debates & developments

3 IOM AT A GLANCE Who We Are The International Organization for Migration is an UN related agency and as such the leading intergovernmental organization in the field of migration. Our Mission Migration for the benefit of all IOM, 1960 One hundred and thirty four Czech refugees depart Rome for Australia on 20 June 1962.

4 IOM AT A GLANCE The beginnings Founded as the Provisional Intergovernmental Committee for the Movement of Migrants from Europe (PICMME) following WWII PICMME becomes the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration (ICEM) 1980 ICEM becomes the Intergovernmental Committee for Migration (ICM) ICM becomes the International Organization for Migration (IOM) IOM becomes a UN related agency

5 IOM today 165 Member States 9 Observer States Ca. 400 offices worldwide, Headquarters in Geneva Highest Decision Making Body: Council (One vote per Member State) Budget 2014: USD 1.7 Billion More than staff are working on ca Projects

6 IOM AT A GLANCE What we do IOM acts with its partners in the international community to: Assist in meeting the growing operational challenges of migration management Advance understanding of migration issues Encourage social and economic development through migration Uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants IOM, 2014 Khalil Ibrahim, 48, a Syrian refugee from Aleppo and one of the beneficiaries of the tents donated by the Japanese government.

7 Our target groups Governments and Authorities NGOs and other International Organizations Migrants Irregular Migrants Asylum Seekers, Recognized Refugees Returnees Highly qualified and other work migrants Etc. IOM, 2008 Bhutanese refugees inside refugee camps in Nepal.

8 Key activities IOM works across the following areas: IOM, 2003 Beneficiary from the water system built by the Ecuador's Northern Border Programme in Calderon, Esmerldas, an Afro-Ecuadorian parish of 450 people. Labor Migration Human Development Immigration and Border Management Migration Assistance Emergency, Post-crisis and Disaster Risk Reduction Migration Health Refugee Resettlement Migration Policy and Migration Law Research

9 IOM in Austria IOM Regional Office for South-Eastern Europe, Eastern Europe and Central Asia Supervision and Support for IOM Country Offices in the region IOM Country Office for Austria Country-specific projects: Integration Resettlement Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration Counter Trafficking Research and Migration Law Responsible RO in Brussels IOM, 2013 Unaccompanied Minor Children receive a Cultural Orientation Training as post-arrival integration measure.

10 Key terms Migration Inter-/national movement of person(s), Irrespective of length, composition and cause, includes migration of refugees, displaced persons, economic migrants, and persons moving for other purposes, including family reunification. Refugee well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinions, outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country. Art. 1, Geneva Refugee Convention

11 2015 a global challenge > 1 billion people in the world are migrants 65.3 million people forcibly displaced by conflict and violence Out of them: 21.3 millions crossed international borders 33% were minor asylum applicant in the EU 5,600 migrants died or went missing

12 2015 a challenge for Europe arrivals in Europe arrivals by land arrivals by sea dead/missing migrants

13 Current migration flows in Europe IOM, missing migrants, , Displacement Tracking Matrix

14 Mediterranean arrivals, IOM, Mediterranean Update on 18 October 2016

15 Regional containment in the Middle East Syrians residing in neighboring countries: Turkey: Lebanon: Jordan: Iraq: Egypt: Source: UNHCR, Syria Regional Refugee Response

16 Distribution of international migration

17 IOM s activities / 1 Enhances activities in Greece, Italy, Turkey, Niger, Croatia, Serbia, Macedonia Collecting, processing and analyzing data: Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM)/ Flow Monitoring System (FMS) Trainings for authorities, NGOs, i.e. to enhance capacities to identify and support vulnerable groups IOM, 2016 Reception Transit Centre in Gevgelija, Mazedonien.

18 IOM s activities / 2 Support of rescued migrants, identifying vulnerable migrants Dissemination of food, sanitary products, clothes; setting up of tents and emergency shelters Implementing relocation out of Greece to other EU member states, incl. Medical checks and Pre-Departure Orientation Supporting Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration IOM, 2016 IOM disseminates dry and warm clothes to rescued migrants in Küçükkuyu, Turkey.

19 Challenges Mixed Migration Flows Pressure in transit countries is growing Identifying and adequately supporting vulnerable groups, i.e. children Feb / report on Analysis of Trafficking and Exploitation Indicators : 10% are affected by at least 1 indicator IOM, 2016 IOM interviews a migrant in Slavonski Brod, Croatia.

20 Priorities Saving lives has to be the first priority. Protection of human rights Protection of vulnerable persons Ensuring save and legal ways to migrate, i.e. via resettlement. IOM, 2016 Migrants are landing in Lesbos, Greece.

21 Other actors in the field UNHCR Red Cross Doctors without borders National governments Military personnel NGOs Civil Society Organizations Etc.

22 Current debates EU-Turkey Agreement Went into force on 20 March :1 mechanism for Syrians Challenges Current situation in the EU 2015: total arrivals : arrivals in the EU-28 Hardly any arrivals since closure of Balkan route

23 Thank you for your attention! Kontakt Katharina Benedetter IOM Landesbüro für Österreich Nibelungengasse 13/ Wien Österreich Tel: +43 (0)